Spindle mechanism and machine tool with same

Abstract

The invention provides a main shaft mechanism and a machine tool with the main shaft mechanism, the main shaft mechanism comprises a shaft body assembly, the shaft body assembly comprises a main shaft and a shell, and the shell is internally provided with a cooling channel for circulating cooling liquid; the supporting bearing is arranged on the main shaft in a sleeving mode, a circulation channel is formed in the supporting bearing, and the circulation channel communicates with the cooling channel so that cooling liquid can flow into the circulation channel to cool the supporting bearing; and the sealing component is arranged on the main shaft in a sleeving mode and located on the side of the supporting bearing, at least part of the sealing component is movably arranged in the axial direction of the main shaft, and the problem that in the prior art, the cooling efficiency of the main shaft is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spindle technology, and more specifically, to a spindle mechanism and a machine tool having the same. Background Technology

[0002] The spindle mechanism is the core part of the machine tool. During the high-speed operation of the spindle, the bearings and motor will generate a lot of heat. Under high temperature conditions for a long time, it will cause structural deformation and ultimately affect the machining accuracy of the machine tool. Therefore, a spindle cooling system is generally provided to cool the spindle.

[0003] In existing spindle cooling systems, the spindle bushing is usually cooled directly. The heat transfer process passes through the intermediate stage of bushing cooling, resulting in a slow cooling response. This manifests as the spindle temperature rising and then cooling down, leading to continuous temperature peaks within the cycle, reducing the spindle's cooling efficiency, and ultimately affecting the machining quality of the machine tool. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a spindle mechanism and a machine tool having the same, so as to solve the problem of low spindle cooling efficiency in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a spindle mechanism is provided, comprising: a spindle assembly including a spindle and a housing, the housing having a cooling channel for circulating coolant; a support bearing sleeved on the spindle, the support bearing having a circulation channel communicating with the cooling channel to allow coolant to flow into the circulation channel to cool the support bearing; and a sealing member sleeved on the spindle and located to the side of the support bearing, at least a portion of the sealing member being movably disposed along the axial direction of the spindle.

[0006] Furthermore, the flow channel includes a first channel and a second channel, and the support bearing includes a support inner ring and a support outer ring. The support inner ring is sleeved on the main shaft, and the support outer ring is in contact with the inner wall surface of the housing. The first channel is set on the support inner ring, and the second channel is set on the support outer ring.

[0007] Furthermore, there are multiple first channels, which are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the inner ring of the support; there are also multiple second channels, which are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the outer ring of the support.

[0008] Furthermore, the first channel extends along a first direction, and the first direction has a first angle with the radial direction of the inner support ring, the first angle being 20°~30°, and the inner diameter of the first channel being 0.2mm~0.4mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the second channel extends along a second direction, and the second direction has a second included angle with the radial direction of the supporting outer ring, the second included angle being 20°~30°, and the inner diameter of the second channel being 0.2mm~0.4mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the liquid inlet of the second channel is located on the circumferential surface of the outer ring of the support, and a connecting channel is also provided on the housing. The connecting channel extends along the radial direction of the housing, and the two ends of the connecting channel are connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling channel and the second channel, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the sealing component includes: a first seal, disposed on the side of the support bearing, the first seal being sleeved on the main shaft, the main shaft driving the first seal to rotate, so that under the centrifugal force of the first seal, the coolant flowing to the first seal is thrown out onto the inner wall surface of the housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the first sealing element includes a throwing end and a draining end. The throwing end is disposed near the inner wall surface of the housing relative to the draining end. The throwing end and the draining end are connected by a guide surface, which is an arc-shaped surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the sealing component also includes: a second seal, disposed on the side of the first seal away from the support bearing, the second seal being sleeved on the main shaft so as to drive the second seal to rotate through the main shaft; and an elastic component, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the second seal and the first seal, the elastic component being elastically disposed.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a machine tool is also provided, including a body and a spindle mechanism, the spindle mechanism being disposed on the body, and the spindle mechanism being the spindle mechanism described above.

[0015] The spindle assembly, using the technical solution of this invention, includes a spindle and a housing. The housing contains a cooling channel to guide the flow of coolant, thereby improving the temperature control capability of the entire spindle mechanism.

[0016] The support bearing is mounted on the spindle to support its rotational movement. A flow channel is provided on the support bearing, allowing coolant to directly enter the bearing and specifically cool the heat-generating areas.

[0017] The sealing component is sleeved on the main shaft and located on one side of the support bearing. At least a part of it is movable along the axial direction of the main shaft, which can adjust the sealing pressure according to the working state of the main shaft, thereby optimizing the sealing effect. Especially under high-speed rotation conditions, centrifugal force is used to assist the sealing and reduce leakage.

[0018] The flow channel is connected to the cooling channel to ensure that the coolant can circulate efficiently inside the housing, while reducing the impact on the normal operation of the spindle.

[0019] The coolant flow channel is located on the support bearing, allowing for precise spraying of the coolant into the bearing. This enables the coolant to immediately act on the hottest parts of the bearing, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency, reducing bearing temperature rise, and thus minimizing precision loss caused by thermal deformation. Because the coolant acts directly on the heat source, the cooling response time is greatly shortened, ensuring spindle temperature stability under rapidly changing operating conditions, improving overall machining accuracy and machine tool reliability. Timely and effective cooling reduces thermal stress and wear inside the support bearing, directly extending its service life and lowering production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A structural cross-sectional view of the spindle mechanism according to the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the spindle mechanism according to the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 3 The spindle mechanism according to the present invention is shown. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0024] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0025] 100. Shaft assembly; 110. Spindle; 120. Housing; 121. Communicating channel; 122. Oil inlet; 130. Cover;

[0026] 200. Cooling passage;

[0027] 300, Support bearing; 310, Flow channel; 311, First channel; 312, Second channel; 320, Support inner ring; 330, Support outer ring;

[0028] 400, Sealing component; 410, First seal; 411, Throw-out end; 412, Drainage end; 413, Guide surface; 420, Second seal; 430, Elastic component; 440, Third seal;

[0029] 500, oil collection tank; 600, oil outlet channel. Detailed Implementation

[0030] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] As mentioned in the background section, the spindle mechanism is the core component of a machine tool. During high-speed operation, the bearings and motor generate a large amount of heat. Prolonged exposure to high temperatures can lead to structural deformation, ultimately affecting the machining accuracy of the machine tool. Therefore, a spindle cooling system is typically installed to cool the spindle. Existing spindle cooling systems usually cool the spindle bushing directly. The heat transfer process involves intermediate cooling of the bushing, resulting in a slow cooling response. This manifests as the spindle temperature rising before cooling down, causing continuous temperature peaks within the cycle, reducing the spindle's cooling efficiency, and ultimately affecting the machining quality of the machine tool. Therefore, to address the aforementioned technical problems, the spindle mechanism provided in this application includes: a spindle assembly 100, which includes a spindle 110 and a housing 120, with a cooling channel 200 for coolant flow within the housing 120; a support bearing 300, sleeved on the spindle 110, with a flow channel 310 connected to the cooling channel 200, allowing coolant to flow into the flow channel 310 to cool the support bearing 300; and a sealing member 400, sleeved on the spindle 110 and located to the side of the support bearing 300, with at least a portion of the sealing member 400 movably disposed along the axial direction of the spindle 110. Through the flow channel 310, coolant flows into the flow channel 310 to cool the support bearing 300, allowing the coolant to directly cool the heat source of the spindle mechanism, thus accelerating the cooling efficiency of the spindle mechanism and solving the problem of low spindle cooling efficiency in the prior art.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This application provides a spindle mechanism, including: a spindle assembly 100, the spindle assembly 100 including a spindle 110 and a housing 120, the housing 120 having a cooling channel 200 for circulating coolant; a support bearing 300, sleeved on the spindle 110, the support bearing 300 having a circulation channel 310 communicating with the cooling channel 200 so that coolant flows into the circulation channel 310 to cool the support bearing 300; and a sealing member 400, sleeved on the spindle 110 and located to the side of the support bearing 300, at least a portion of the sealing member 400 being movably disposed along the axial direction of the spindle 110.

[0033] The spindle assembly 100 provided in this application includes a spindle 110 and a housing 120. The housing 120 has a cooling channel 200 inside to guide the flow of coolant and improve the temperature control capability of the entire spindle mechanism.

[0034] The support bearing 300 is mounted on the spindle 110 to support the rotational movement of the spindle. The support bearing 300 is provided with a flow channel 310, which allows coolant to directly enter the bearing and specifically cool the heat-generating areas.

[0035] The sealing component 400 is sleeved on the main shaft 110 and located on one side of the support bearing 300. At least a part of it is movable along the axial direction of the main shaft 110, and can adjust the sealing pressure according to the working state of the main shaft, thereby optimizing the sealing effect. Especially under high-speed rotation conditions, it uses centrifugal force to assist the sealing and reduce leakage.

[0036] The flow channel 310 is connected to the cooling channel 200 to ensure that the coolant can flow efficiently inside the housing 120, while reducing the impact on the normal operation of the spindle 110.

[0037] The flow channel 310 is located on the support bearing 300, allowing the coolant to be precisely sprayed into the bearing. This enables the coolant to immediately act on the hottest parts of the bearing, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency, reducing bearing temperature rise, and thus minimizing precision loss caused by thermal deformation. Because the coolant acts directly on the heat source, the cooling response time is greatly shortened, ensuring temperature stability of the spindle 110 under rapidly changing operating conditions, improving overall machining accuracy and machine tool reliability. Timely and effective cooling reduces thermal stress and wear inside the support bearing 300, directly extending its service life and lowering production costs.

[0038] The flow channel 310 provided in this application includes a first channel 311 and a second channel 312. The support bearing 300 includes a support inner ring 320 and a support outer ring 330. The support inner ring 320 is sleeved on the main shaft 110, and the support outer ring 330 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the housing 120. The first channel 311 is disposed on the support inner ring 320, and the second channel 312 is disposed on the support outer ring 330.

[0039] In this embodiment, the support bearing 300 consists of an inner support ring 320 and an outer support ring 330. The inner support ring 320 is directly fitted onto the spindle 110, while the outer support ring 330 is tightly fitted against the inner wall of the housing 120. Both share the weight of the spindle and the rotational friction. A first channel 311 is located on the inner support ring 320 and is mainly used to cool the frictional heat source between the spindle 110 and the inner support ring 320. A second channel 312 is located on the outer support ring 330 and is responsible for cooling the frictional heat between the outer support ring 330 and the housing 120. The direct cooling structure of the first channel 311 and the second channel 312 allows the coolant to be precisely positioned in the critical friction areas of the inner and outer rings of the bearing, significantly reducing the bearing temperature rise. Especially under harsh environments of high load and high-speed rotation, this improves cooling efficiency, effectively controls bearing thermal deformation, and maintains the high-precision machining capability of the machine tool spindle. Direct cooling of the contact area between the inner and outer rings of the bearing reduces the damage to the material caused by high temperatures, delays bearing wear, thereby extending its service life and reducing maintenance frequency and costs.

[0040] The present application provides that there are multiple first channels 311, which are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the inner support ring 320; and multiple second channels 312, which are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the outer support ring 330.

[0041] In this embodiment, multiple first channels 311 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the inner support ring 320, ensuring that each drop of coolant is precisely sprayed onto the contact area between the spindle 110 and the inner support ring 320, i.e., the high-heat part of the bearing, achieving targeted cooling. Through direct cooling, the temperature rise between the spindle 110 and the inner support ring 320 can be effectively reduced, avoiding precision loss caused by thermal deformation. Multiple second channels 312 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer support ring 330, aiming to reduce frictional heat between the rolling elements of the bearing 300 and the outer support ring 330. By precisely controlling the spraying of coolant, the thermal stress inside the bearing is reduced, effectively reducing wear, directly extending the service life of the bearing 300, and reducing maintenance costs and downtime. In addition, the coolant can directly contact the high-heat part of the bearing 300, greatly shortening the cooling response time, reducing temperature fluctuations within the spindle 110 cycle, and improving the machining accuracy and stability of the machine tool.

[0042] The first channel 311 provided in this application extends along a first direction, and the first direction has a first included angle with the radial direction of the supporting inner ring 320, the first included angle being 20°~30°, and the inner diameter of the first channel 311 being 0.2mm~0.4mm.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first included angle is set so that when the coolant is sprayed out from the first channel 311, it can act directly on the contact surface between the spindle 110 and the inner support ring 320 at the optimal angle, i.e., the high heat source area inside the bearing. The included angle range of 20°~30° ensures that the coolant can effectively cover the heat source while avoiding direct blowing onto the spindle axis, thus ensuring the accuracy of cooling and the smoothness of bearing rotation. The inner diameter of the first channel 311, designed to be 0.2mm~0.4mm, is to balance the flow rate and volume of the coolant. Too small an inner diameter may result in a slow flow rate, affecting cooling efficiency; too large an inner diameter may result in an excessive flow rate, increasing the fluid pressure inside the bearing and affecting the sealing effect. This ensures that the flow of coolant in the first channel 311 is both fast and stable, achieving precise spraying.

[0044] The second channel 312 provided in this application extends along a second direction, and there is a second included angle between the second direction and the radial direction of the supporting outer ring 330, the second included angle being 20°~30°, and the inner diameter of the second channel 312 being 0.2mm~0.4mm.

[0045] In this embodiment, the second channel 312 extends along a second direction, which forms a second angle with the radial direction of the supporting outer ring 330. The angle is set within the range of 20° to 30°, ensuring that the coolant can be sprayed directly onto these high-heat parts at the optimal path and angle, providing efficient local cooling. The inner diameter of the second channel 312 is optimized between 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm, ensuring that the flow velocity of the coolant within the second channel 312 is moderate. This avoids insufficient flow due to an excessively small inner diameter, or unnecessary fluid resistance due to an excessively large inner diameter, which would affect cooling efficiency and the smooth operation of the bearing.

[0046] According to this application, the liquid inlet of the second channel 312 is located on the circumferential surface of the supporting outer ring 330. The housing 120 is also provided with a connecting channel 121, which extends along the radial direction of the housing 120. The two ends of the connecting channel 121 are respectively connected to the cooling channel 200 and the liquid inlet of the second channel 312.

[0047] In this embodiment, the inlet of the second channel 312 is cleverly positioned on the circumferential surface of the outer ring 330, ensuring that the coolant can enter directly from the side of the bearing outer ring, avoiding direct impact on the internal structure of the bearing, reducing the additional mechanical stress caused by coolant impact, and ensuring that the coolant can be evenly distributed on the contact surface between the rolling elements of the bearing 300 and the outer ring 330. The connecting channel 121 provided on the housing 120 extends radially, with its two ends connected to the inlets of the cooling channel 200 and the second channel 312, forming a rapid transport path from the coolant storage and pretreatment area (cooling channel 200) directly to the external heat source of the bearing 300. This ensures that the coolant maintains a stable flow rate and pressure during the transition from the cooling channel 200 to the second channel 312, avoiding a decrease in cooling effect due to improper channel design.

[0048] The sealing component 400 provided in this application includes: a first sealing element 410 disposed on the side of the support bearing 300. The first sealing element 410 is sleeved on the main shaft 110. The main shaft 110 drives the first sealing element 410 to rotate, so that under the centrifugal force of the first sealing element 410, the coolant flowing on the first sealing element 410 is thrown out onto the inner wall surface of the housing 120.

[0049] In this embodiment, the centrifugal force-assisted mechanism combined with the tight fit between the first seal 410 and the main shaft 110 not only achieves efficient cooling of the main shaft 110 and the support bearing 300, but also indirectly cools the housing 120 by splashing the coolant onto the inner wall of the housing 120, reducing the system's thermal load, reducing rotational resistance, and simplifying the maintenance process.

[0050] The first seal 410 provided in this application includes a throwing end 411 and a draining end 412. The throwing end 411 is disposed near the inner wall surface of the housing 120 relative to the draining end 412. The throwing end 411 and the draining end 412 are connected by a guide surface 413, which is an arc-shaped surface.

[0051] In this embodiment, the ejector end 411 is located on a portion of the first seal 410, close to the inner wall surface of the housing 120. The ejector end 411 is constructed with an end face having a large radius of curvature, so that when the spindle 110 rotates at high speed, centrifugal force can be used to eject the coolant from here and spray it directly onto the inner wall surface of the housing 120. The guide surface 413 is an arc-shaped surface, which ensures that after the coolant enters from the guide end 412, it can flow smoothly along the arc-shaped surface to the ejector end 411, reducing turbulence of the coolant on the first seal and ensuring uniform distribution and efficient ejection of the coolant.

[0052] The sealing component 400 provided in this application further includes: a second sealing component 420 disposed on the side of the first sealing component 410 away from the support bearing 300, the second sealing component 420 being sleeved on the main shaft 110 so as to drive the second sealing component 420 to rotate through the main shaft 110; and an elastic component 430, the two ends of the elastic component 430 being connected to the second sealing component 420 and the first sealing component 410 respectively, and the elastic component 430 being elastically disposed.

[0053] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided on the second seal 420, and a third seal 440 is provided in the mounting groove. The third seal 440 is sleeved on the spindle 110, and the second seal 420 and the third seal 440 abut against each other, so that the connection between the third seal 440 and the spindle 110 is tighter, thereby improving the sealing effect on the spindle 110.

[0054] Furthermore, the first seal 410, the second seal 420, and the third seal 440 are sealing rings.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first seal 410, the second seal 420, and the elastic member 430 together constitute a dynamic, multi-layered sealing system. The first seal 410 uses centrifugal force to throw the coolant onto the inner wall of the housing 120, while the second seal 420 provides additional sealing protection, preventing coolant leakage from areas not completely sealed by the first seal. The elastic member 430 ensures that even under thermal expansion or vibration of the spindle 110, the two seals maintain a constant sealing pressure, improving the reliability and adaptability of the sealing system.

[0056] Furthermore, the elastic component is a spring.

[0057] Furthermore, the housing 120 is provided with an oil collecting groove 500, which is recessed from the inner wall of the housing 120 towards the inward. The oil inlet of the oil collecting groove 500 is positioned opposite to the discharge end 411, so that the coolant discharged from the discharge end 411 enters the oil collecting groove 500 for coolant recovery. The housing 120 is provided with an oil outlet channel 600, which is connected to the oil suction component and the oil collecting groove 500 respectively. In this way, after the coolant is discharged into the oil collecting groove 500, the oil suction component sucks out the oil in real time to ensure a sealing effect and prevent oil leakage from the gap between the cover 130 and the main shaft 110. Furthermore, there are multiple oil outlet channels 600, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the housing 120. Furthermore, the oil outlet channel 600 is connected to a circulation pump located outside the housing 120. The circulation pump is connected to a cooler, and the cooler is connected to the oil inlet 122. The circulation pump draws the coolant in the oil outlet channel 600 into the cooler to cool the coolant, and then sends the cooled coolant back to the oil inlet 122, thereby forming a complete circulation path for the coolant and improving the cooling efficiency of the spindle mechanism.

[0058] Furthermore, the housing 120 is provided with an oil inlet 122, which communicates with the cooling channel 200 for injecting coolant into the cooling channel 200. This application also provides a machine tool, including a body and a spindle mechanism, the spindle mechanism being mounted on the body and being the aforementioned spindle mechanism.

[0059] The spindle assembly is a core component of a machine tool. Its temperature rise and overall rigidity have a decisive impact on operational vibration, ultimately determining the machine tool's accuracy. During high-speed spindle operation, the bearings and motor generate a large amount of heat. In traditional spindle assembly structures, this heat is first transferred to the spindle bushing, and the cooling medium then cools the bushing. The heat transfer process involves the intermediate step of bushing cooling, resulting in a slow cooling response. This manifests as the spindle temperature rising and then cooling down, leading to continuous temperature peaks within the cycle.

[0060] The technical problems solved by this application are: 1. Coolant cannot directly reach the critical friction area inside the bearing, resulting in low cooling efficiency; 2. Conventional sealing methods are prone to leakage under high-speed conditions and increase the rotational resistance of the spindle; 3. Centrifugal force is not effectively utilized to improve the sealing effect.

[0061] The beneficial effects achieved by this application are as follows: 1. Significantly improved cooling efficiency: The coolant directly reaches the critical friction areas inside the bearing, increasing heat exchange efficiency by over 90% and effectively preventing thermal expansion. 2. Significantly improved sealing performance: Utilizing the synergistic effect of mechanical seal and centrifugal force, a bidirectional sealing mechanism is formed. At low speeds, the mechanical seal is relied upon, while at high speeds, the centrifugal sealing effect is enhanced, reducing leakage by over 85%, and lowering the rotational resistance of the seal to the spindle by 40%. 3. Multiplied bearing life: The direct cooling method effectively reduces bearing wear and extends bearing life. 4. Enhanced adaptability: The system can automatically adjust cooling parameters according to spindle speed, load, and temperature conditions, adapting to various processing conditions and improving processing quality stability.

[0062] The spindle mechanism provided in this application features: 1. A reverse-flow coolant path design, creatively employing a "front-end inlet, rear-end outlet" reverse flow path. This shortens the cooling path: the coolant first passes through the front bearing, where heat generation is most severe, achieving the first and most direct cooling of the hottest part, resulting in a faster response. 2. A synergistic mechanism combining a mechanical seal with a special "centripetal" centrifugal seal. This provides a basic contact seal at low speeds or when stationary, ensuring a tight seal. Utilizing the centrifugal force generated during high-speed spindle rotation, potential leaks are thrown away from the spindle center, thus resisting internal pressure leakage. 3. A direct-targeting cooling structure inside the bearing, with precision-machined radial micro-holes on the bearing rings (inner and / or outer rings) to form spray holes, directly and accurately spraying the coolant onto the contact area between the rolling elements and the raceway (the maximum heat source). 4. Forced return and treatment: Through a circulating pump, filter, cooler (heat exchanger), and pressure stabilization device, the coolant is forced back into the system, restoring its cleanliness and temperature, achieving zero leakage and sustainable circulation.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a reverse flow cooling system in which coolant directly enters the spindle bearing, mainly including a shaft assembly 100, a support bearing 300, and a sealing component 400.

[0064] The outer support ring 330 and the inner support ring 320 are provided with circumferentially evenly distributed microholes (first channel 311 and second channel 312), with a diameter of 0.2mm to 0.5mm, preferably 0.3mm, and an inclination angle of 25°, directly pointing towards the contact area between the bearing rolling elements and the raceway. These microholes are made using laser precision machining technology to ensure that the coolant is accurately sprayed to the areas inside the bearing where heat is most concentrated. The annular distributor further optimizes the uniformity of coolant distribution inside the bearing.

[0065] The rear outlet channel is located at the rear end of the spindle and includes an oil collection tank 500 and an oil suction component. The oil collection tank 500 adopts a diffuser design to reduce the outflow velocity and reduce pressure loss; the collected warm coolant is forced to be transported to the cooler for processing through an external return pipeline under the suction of the system's main circulation pump.

[0066] The sealing component 400 includes a first seal 410 and a second seal 420. The sealing component 400 is located at the front end of the spindle and includes the second seal 420, the first seal 410, and an elastic component 430 compensation mechanism. The second seal 420 rotates together with the spindle 110, while the first seal 410 is fixed to the stationary housing 120. A spring force provides the initial sealing pressure, ensuring effective sealing at low speeds or when stationary. The first seal 410 utilizes the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the spindle and includes a discharge end 411 and a drainage end 412. The diameter of the drainage end 412 is larger than the diameter of the sealing surface. The centrifugal force generated when the spindle 110 rotates throws any potentially leaking liquid away from the spindle center, creating a "centripetal seal" effect.

[0067] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0068] Spindle assembly 100: includes spindle 110 and housing 120. The housing 120 has a cooling channel 200 inside to guide the flow of coolant and improve the temperature control capability of the entire spindle mechanism.

[0069] The support bearing 300 is mounted on the spindle 110 to support the rotational movement of the spindle. The support bearing 300 is provided with a flow channel 310, which allows coolant to directly enter the bearing and specifically cool the heat-generating areas.

[0070] The sealing component 400 is sleeved on the main shaft 110 and located on one side of the support bearing 300. At least a part of it is movable along the axial direction of the main shaft 110, and can adjust the sealing pressure according to the working state of the main shaft, thereby optimizing the sealing effect. Especially under high-speed rotation conditions, it uses centrifugal force to assist the sealing and reduce leakage.

[0071] The flow channel 310 is connected to the cooling channel 200 to ensure that the coolant can flow efficiently inside the housing 120, while reducing the impact on the normal operation of the spindle 110.

[0072] The flow channel 310 is located on the support bearing 300, allowing the coolant to be precisely sprayed into the bearing. This enables the coolant to immediately act on the hottest parts of the bearing, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency, reducing bearing temperature rise, and thus minimizing precision loss caused by thermal deformation. Because the coolant acts directly on the heat source, the cooling response time is greatly shortened, ensuring temperature stability of the spindle 110 under rapidly changing operating conditions, improving overall machining accuracy and machine tool reliability. Timely and effective cooling reduces thermal stress and wear inside the support bearing 300, directly extending its service life and lowering production costs.

[0073] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0074] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0075] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spindle mechanism, characterized in that, include: A shaft assembly (100) includes a spindle (110) and a housing (120), wherein a cooling channel (200) for circulating coolant is provided in the housing (120). A support bearing (300) is sleeved on the main shaft (110). The support bearing (300) is provided with a flow channel (310). The flow channel (310) is connected to the cooling channel (200) so that the coolant flows into the flow channel (310) to cool the support bearing (300). A sealing component (400) is sleeved on the main shaft (110) and located on the side of the support bearing (300), at least a portion of the sealing component (400) being movably disposed along the axial direction of the main shaft (110).

2. The spindle mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow channel (310) includes a first channel (311) and a second channel (312), and the support bearing (300) includes: The inner support ring (320) and the outer support ring (330) are provided, wherein the inner support ring (320) is sleeved on the main shaft (110) and the outer support ring (330) is in contact with the inner wall surface of the housing (120); The first channel (311) is disposed on the inner ring (320) of the support, and the second channel (312) is disposed on the outer ring (330) of the support.

3. The spindle mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are multiple first channels (311), and the multiple first channels (311) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the inner support ring (320); There are multiple second channels (312), and the multiple second channels (312) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the outer ring (330) of the support.

4. The spindle mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first channel (311) extends along a first direction, and the first direction has a first angle with the radial direction of the inner support ring (320), the first angle being 20°~30°, and the inner diameter of the first channel (311) being 0.2mm~0.4mm.

5. The spindle mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second channel (312) extends along a second direction, and the second direction has a second included angle with the radial direction of the outer support ring (330), the second included angle being 20°~30°, and the inner diameter of the second channel (312) being 0.2mm~0.4mm.

6. The spindle mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid inlet of the second channel (312) is located on the circumferential surface of the outer ring (330) of the support. The housing (120) is also provided with a connecting channel (121). The connecting channel (121) extends along the radial direction of the housing (120). The two ends of the connecting channel (121) are respectively connected to the cooling channel (200) and the liquid inlet of the second channel (312).

7. The spindle mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing component (400) includes: The first seal (410) is disposed on the side of the support bearing (300). The first seal (410) is sleeved on the main shaft (110). The main shaft (110) drives the first seal (410) to rotate, so that the coolant flowing to the first seal (410) is thrown out onto the inner wall surface of the housing (120) under the action of the centrifugal force of the first seal (410).

8. The spindle mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first sealing element (410) includes a throwing end (411) and a draining end (412). The throwing end (411) is disposed near the inner wall surface of the housing (120) relative to the draining end (412). The throwing end (411) and the draining end (412) are connected by a guide surface (413), which is an arc-shaped surface.

9. The spindle mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sealing component (400) further includes: The second seal (420) is disposed on the side of the first seal (410) away from the support bearing (300). The second seal (420) is sleeved on the main shaft (110) so that the second seal (420) can be rotated by the main shaft (110). An elastic component (430) is provided, with its two ends connected to the second seal (420) and the first seal (410) respectively. The elastic component (430) is elastically configured.

10. A machine tool, comprising a body and a spindle mechanism, wherein the spindle mechanism is disposed on the body, characterized in that, The spindle mechanism is the spindle mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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