This invention belongs to the field of special ceramics preparation technology, and provides a solderless
diffusion-welded reaction-sintered
silicon carbide special
ceramic component and its preparation method. The invention involves mixing
silicon carbide, a
carbon source, a pore-forming agent, and metallic
silicon powder, granulating the mixture, and cold isostatically pressing it to obtain a
green body. Microgrooves are then machined on the end face to be welded. Subsequently, a suspension is vacuum impregnated and coated with a suspension containing
mesophase carbon microspheres to construct an interface gradient layer. Finally, the component is aligned, assembled, and subjected to
axial load, and the process is completed through reaction
sintering. This invention utilizes the
capillary pressure difference generated by
laser microtexturing and pore gradient to induce the directional migration of liquid-phase silicon from the matrix to the interface. Through the in-situ reaction of liquid-phase silicon with the
carbon source, a continuous
silicon carbide solid-phase network is generated, physically blocking the outward
diffusion channels of the liquid-phase silicon, achieving self-locking and densification of the
welding interface. Specifically, this invention can be applied to special
ceramic products such as
ceramic valves and ceramic
cylinder valve plates.