High-capacity battery

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of batteries, particularly relates to a high-capacity battery, and solves the problem of sealing between a pole and a shell. The high-capacity battery comprises a packaging box body, n single batteries and 2n sealing sleeves, an explosion venting opening is formed in the packaging box body, and the packaging box body comprises a barrel body and a first top plate; the n single batteries are arranged in the barrel body, and inner cavities of the n single batteries are communicated with one another; the first top plate is hermetically fixed at the top open end of the barrel; the polarity terminal of each single battery extends out of the first top plate avoiding hole; the sealing sleeve comprises hollow pipe fittings, and the hollow pipe fittings sleeve the polar terminals of the single batteries one by one, so that the sealing between the polar terminals and the avoiding holes is realized, the thermal runaway risk is reduced, and the safe and stable operation of the high-capacity battery is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of batteries, specifically a high-capacity battery. Background Technology

[0002] In lithium-ion batteries, the seal between the terminals and the casing is crucial. From the perspective of mitigating thermal runaway risks, when a lithium-ion battery experiences thermal runaway, the large amount of harmful fumes generated must be discharged through the vent along a predetermined path. If the seal is defective, the fumes are likely to leak from the gap between the terminals and the casing. This not only further damages the structural integrity of the battery itself, exacerbating the severity of thermal runaway, but also rapidly fills the surrounding environment with harmful fumes, posing a significant safety hazard to operators and surrounding facilities, and threatening life and property. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-capacity battery, mainly to solve the sealing problem between the terminals and the casing.

[0004] This invention provides a high-capacity battery, which is characterized by comprising a packaging box, n individual cells, and 2n sealing sleeves, where n is an integer greater than 1;

[0005] The encapsulation box is provided with an explosion vent. The encapsulation box includes a barrel and a first top plate. n individual batteries are arranged in the barrel, and the inner cavities of each individual battery are interconnected. The first top plate is sealed and fixed to the open end of the top of the barrel. The first top plate has clearance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each individual battery. The polarity terminals of each individual battery extend out of the corresponding clearance holes.

[0006] The sealing sleeve includes hollow tubes, and 2n hollow tubes are fitted one by one onto the polarity terminal of each individual battery cell and located between the polarity terminal and the clearance hole to achieve a seal between the polarity terminal and the clearance hole.

[0007] This invention specifically incorporates a sealing sleeve between the polarity terminal and the corresponding clearance hole. The sealing sleeve is typically made of a high-quality material that is resistant to high temperatures, chemical corrosion, and has low air permeability, enabling it to maintain stable performance under high temperatures and complex chemical environments. The inner wall of the sealing sleeve tightly fits the polarity terminal, and the outer wall tightly fits the wall of the clearance hole, ensuring a tight seal between the polarity terminal and the packaging housing. This minimizes the risk of thermal runaway and guarantees the safe and stable operation of the large-capacity battery. The interconnected internal cavities of each individual battery cell place them within the same system, effectively mitigating potential differences and ensuring consistency during charging and discharging. This extends the overall lifespan and improves the performance of the large-capacity battery.

[0008] Furthermore, a first insulating sealant layer is laid between each individual cell and between each individual cell and the first top plate and the barrel body.

[0009] The first insulating sealant can not only fill tiny gaps and further improve the sealing between the polar terminals and the clearance holes, but also, based on its adhesion and sealing properties, further enhance the stability of the individual cells in the pressure tank, prevent the individual cells from shifting under conditions such as vibration and impact, and comprehensively improve the reliability and safety of large-capacity batteries.

[0010] Furthermore, the sealing sleeve also includes a first annular sealing plate fixed to the outside of the open end of the bottom of the hollow tube; the first annular sealing plate is located between the first insulating sealant layer and the first top plate.

[0011] The first annular sealing plate is pressed against the first insulating sealant layer. On one hand, it fills any tiny gaps that may exist between the bottom of the sealing sleeve and the clearance hole, further improving the sealing performance between the polarity terminal and the clearance hole. On the other hand, the first annular sealing plate is pressed under the first top plate, greatly improving the stability of the sealing sleeve. During daily battery operation, when subjected to vibration, impact, or thermal expansion and contraction, the sealing sleeve can always maintain its accurate position and a good sealing condition.

[0012] Furthermore, the top surface of the hollow tube can be located on the same plane as the first top plate, or it can be higher than the plane where the first top plate is located;

[0013] When the top surface of the hollow tube is on the same plane as the first top plate, the high-capacity battery also includes a pressure ring; the pressure ring is sleeved on the polarity terminal, and the lower end face of the pressure ring is pressed tightly against the top surface of the hollow tube and the first top plate.

[0014] This design further enhances the sealing effect. On the one hand, it applies pressure from the top, making the seal sleeve fit more tightly with the polar terminal and the clearance hole. Even if the battery is subjected to external impact, vibration, or thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes, it can effectively prevent gaps from appearing at the seal. On the other hand, the pressing effect of the pressure ring can also work with the annular sealing plate to stabilize the position of the seal sleeve, keeping it in place under complex working conditions. Thirdly, the pressure ring itself can also serve as a sealing barrier. The parts that are in close contact with the polar terminal, the top surface of the seal sleeve, and the first top plate can further improve the overall sealing performance.

[0015] When the top surface of the hollow tube is higher than the plane of the first top plate, the above-mentioned high-capacity battery also includes 2n sealing gaskets corresponding to the sealing sleeves and 2n pressure rings corresponding to the polarity terminals.

[0016] The sealing gasket is fitted onto the corresponding sealing sleeve and pressed against the first top plate, with the inner ring surface of the sealing gasket tightly against the outer wall of the hollow tube fitting in the sealing sleeve; the top surface of the sealing gasket and the top surface of the hollow tube fitting are located on the same plane.

[0017] The pressure ring is fitted onto the corresponding polarity terminal, and the lower end face of the pressure ring is pressed tightly against the sealing gasket and the top surface of the hollow tube.

[0018] The top surface of the sealing gasket and the top surface of the hollow pipe are on the same plane. On the one hand, this provides a flat base for the subsequent tightening of the pressure ring; on the other hand, the part where the sealing gasket is in close contact with the hollow pipe and the first top plate can further improve the overall sealing performance.

[0019] The pressure ring applies pressure from the top, making the seal sleeve fit more tightly with the polarity terminal and the clearance hole. Even if the battery is subjected to external impact, vibration, or thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes, it can effectively prevent gaps from appearing at the seal. On the other hand, the pressing action of the pressure ring can also work with the annular sealing plate to stabilize the position of the seal sleeve, keeping it in place under complex working conditions. Thirdly, the pressure ring itself can also act as a sealing barrier. The parts that are in close contact with the polarity terminal, the top surface of the seal sleeve, and the sealing gasket can further improve the overall sealing performance.

[0020] Furthermore, the aforementioned high-capacity battery also includes 2n heat exchange sleeves;

[0021] Each heat exchange sleeve corresponds to a polarity terminal; each heat exchange sleeve is fitted around the corresponding polarity terminal, and an annular cavity is formed between the inner wall of the heat exchange sleeve and the side wall of the polarity terminal, which serves as a flow cavity for the heat exchange medium; the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal extends out of the heat exchange sleeve; and the top and bottom open ends of the heat exchange sleeve are sealed to the side wall of the polarity terminal.

[0022] The heat exchange sleeves are interconnected, forming a heat exchange channel at the top of the large-capacity battery.

[0023] By adopting a direct heat exchange method, part of the polar terminal structure is placed directly inside the heat exchange medium flow chamber, allowing the polar terminal to directly contact the heat exchange medium and achieve heat exchange of the polar terminal. Compared with the indirect heat exchange method, it has a shorter heat exchange path. The heat exchange medium acts directly on the polar terminal, improving the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the battery.

[0024] As a crucial component connecting the battery's internal structure to the external environment, the polarity terminals allow current to flow in and out of the battery during charging and discharging. When heat is generated inside the battery, the polarity terminals provide a relatively direct heat conduction path. Heat can be rapidly conducted from inside the battery to the polarity terminals, and then dissipated into the external environment from there.

[0025] Furthermore, to enhance the sealing and fixing effect between the heat exchange sleeve and the polarity terminal, a first rubber ring is fixed to the outer ring surface of the pressure ring; the open bottom end of the heat exchange sleeve is fitted over the first rubber ring and fixed by heat fusion. This connection method ensures both sealing performance and a more stable connection between the heat exchange sleeve and the pressure ring. Simultaneously, a second rubber ring is fixed to the outer wall of the polarity terminal, and the open top end of the heat exchange sleeve is fitted over the second rubber ring and fixed by heat fusion. The combination of double rubber rings and heat fusion fixing technology comprehensively ensures the sealing and connection reliability between the heat exchange sleeve and the polarity terminal.

[0026] Furthermore, the polar terminal located inside the heat exchange sleeve is provided with a functional structure. This functional structure is used to increase the heat exchange area of ​​this part, which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency and ensure that the heat of the battery can be quickly and effectively dissipated under complex operating conditions such as high load operation, thus maintaining the stable performance of the battery.

[0027] Furthermore, the aforementioned packaging box also includes an annular baffle, which is sealed and fixed to the open end of the barrel.

[0028] A second insulating sealant layer is provided in the space formed by the first top plate and the annular baffle, and at least part of the structure of each heat exchange sleeve is located in the second insulating sealant layer.

[0029] The second insulating sealant layer can prevent short circuits caused by condensation on the heat exchange sleeve. On the other hand, it can fill tiny gaps at the connection between the heat exchange sleeve and the polarity terminal. It can also provide a seal at the connection between the polarity terminal and the clearance hole, reinforcing the original sealing structure.

[0030] Furthermore, the casing of each individual battery cell is a plastic casing; the strength of the plastic casing is P, P1≤P≤P2; where P1 is the strength requirement of the casing during the formation stage and the normal charge and discharge stage of the battery; P2 is the strength requirement of the casing during the thermal runaway stage.

[0031] The strength of the enclosure meets the strength requirements of the shell during the thermal runaway stage.

[0032] The enclosure of this invention is a pressure-bearing enclosure, and its strength needs to meet the strength requirements of the shell during the thermal runaway stage; that is, the pressure-bearing enclosure is required to have good strength to ensure that during the thermal runaway stage, the pressure-bearing enclosure can form a solid barrier, effectively isolate high-temperature flames and harmful gases, prevent the spread of thermal runaway, and improve the safety of large-capacity batteries after thermal runaway.

[0033] Furthermore, the individual cells in the high-capacity battery of this invention can be considered as semi-finished individual cells. Their casings are sealed plastic casings, serving as containment cavities for electrode components and electrolyte, and providing a sealing function. At the same time, the strength of the sealed casing needs to meet the strength requirements of the casing during the formation stage and the normal charge and discharge stage of the battery; that is, the sealed casing is required to have a certain strength to ensure that it will not break during the formation stage and the normal charge and discharge stage of the battery, as the internal environment of the battery changes, such as temperature and pressure. Compared with existing finished individual cells, this semi-finished individual cell has a lower cost, thereby making the entire high-capacity battery also have a lower cost.

[0034] Furthermore, the plastic shell is formed by an upper cover plate, a cylindrical body, and a lower cover plate; at least one of the upper cover plate, the cylindrical body, and the lower cover plate is provided with a sub-tube segment, the inner cavity of the sub-tube segment and the inner cavity of the shell are connected; the corresponding sub-tube segments in adjacent single cells are sealed and connected to form a shared channel.

[0035] Furthermore, the sub-pipe section is integrally installed on the upper cover plate, the cylinder, and the lower cover plate; interconnected openings are provided on the upper cover plate, the cylinder, the lower cover plate, and the sub-pipe section; both ends of the sub-pipe section are closed ends.

[0036] This invention uses a plastic shell and sub-tube segments, which can be integrally molded through injection molding, reducing the complexity of the manufacturing process and simplifying the process. In addition, the ends of the sub-tube segments can be sealed to the corresponding sub-tube segments of another single battery cell through heat fusion, forming a shared electrolyte channel. The connection process is simple and has low precision requirements. Even with a certain degree of dimensional deviation, a good sealing connection can be achieved through heat fusion, reducing the precision control cost in the production process. At the same time, compared with traditional connection methods, heat fusion connection has higher strength and can withstand greater external forces and internal pressures, ensuring the structural stability of the shared channel during use.

[0037] In addition, both ends of the sub-tube section are closed ends. Before the individual cells are unpacked, the closed ends can ensure that the inside of the individual cells is not affected by the external environment.

[0038] A connecting pipe is provided on the end face of a closed end, and a blind hole extending axially along the sub-tube segment is opened at the other closed end; in adjacent single cells, the connecting pipe of one single cell is inserted into the blind hole of another single cell and sealed by heat fusion.

[0039] Before a single cell is unpacked, the sealed end ensures that the inside of the single cell is not affected by the external environment. When a large-capacity battery is constructed based on such a single cell, the connecting pipe of one single cell is inserted into the blind hole of another single cell and connected by heat fusion sealing to form a shared channel on the large-capacity battery. When the unpacking tool is inserted into the shared channel and the sealed end of each sub-tube segment is opened, the inner cavity of all single cells can be connected through the shared channel.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0041] This invention specifically incorporates a sealing sleeve between the polarity terminal and the corresponding clearance hole. The sealing sleeve is typically made of a high-quality material that is resistant to high temperatures, chemical corrosion, and has low air permeability, enabling it to maintain stable performance under high temperatures and complex chemical environments. The inner wall of the sealing sleeve tightly fits the polarity terminal, and the outer wall tightly fits the wall of the clearance hole, ensuring a tight seal between the polarity terminal and the packaging housing, minimizing the risk of thermal runaway, and guaranteeing the safe and stable operation of the large-capacity battery. Furthermore, the individual cells are connected through a shared channel, placing them within the same system. This effectively mitigates potential differences, ensuring consistency in charge and discharge processes, extending the overall lifespan, and improving the performance of the large-capacity battery. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a single cell in Example 1;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lower cover plate in Example 1;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a first sectional view of the lower cover plate in Embodiment 1;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a second sectional view of the lower cover plate in Embodiment 1;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the connection between the various first sub-pipe segments in Example 1.

[0050] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 2;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing sleeve in Example 3;

[0052] Figure 11 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 3;

[0053] Figure 12 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0054] Figure 13 This is a partial cross-sectional view of another high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0055] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0056] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat exchange sleeve in Example 5;

[0057] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another heat exchange sleeve in Example 5;

[0058] Figure 17 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0059] Figure 18 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the high-capacity battery in Example 7.

[0060] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0061] 1. Encapsulation box; 11. Barrel body; 12. First top plate; 13. Clearance hole; 2. Single cell; 21. Polar terminal; 22. Outer cylinder; 23. Top cover plate; 24. Lower cover plate; 3. Sealing sleeve; 31. Hollow tube; 311. Top surface of hollow tube; 32. First annular sealing plate; 4. First insulating sealant layer; 5. Pressure ring; 51. Mounting hole; 6. Heat exchange sleeve; 61. Hollow component; 62. Second annular sealing plate 63. Sealing plate; 64. First through hole; 65. Liquid inlet pipe; 66. Liquid outlet pipe; 7. First rubber ring; 8. Second rubber ring; 9. Annular groove; 10. Second insulating sealant layer; 14. Electrolyte sharing channel; 15. Gas sharing channel; 16. First sub-pipe section; 161. First connecting pipe; 162. First blind hole; 17. First opening; 18. First closed end; 19. Second closed end; 20. Annular baffle; 25. Sealing gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0063] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0064] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0065] This invention discloses a high-capacity battery, comprising a package housing, n individual cells, and 2n sealing sleeves, where n is an integer greater than 1.

[0066] The enclosure is equipped with an explosion vent (this explosion vent can also be called an explosion-proof part, explosion-proof port, or explosion vent, etc., and it is usually equipped with a pressure relief valve or explosion relief diaphragm, etc.).

[0067] Rectangular enclosures are typically used. For ease of description, the length direction of the enclosure is defined as the x-direction, the width direction as the y-direction, and the height direction as the z-direction.

[0068] This invention does not impose specific limitations on the structure of the packaging box, but at least the following two structures can be adopted:

[0069] The first structure includes a first cylinder with open ends (i.e., the port parallel to the yz plane is an open end) and end plates fixed to the two open ends of the first cylinder (i.e., the end plates are parallel to the yz plane).

[0070] The second structure includes a second cylinder with open ends at the top and bottom (i.e., the port parallel to the xy plane is the open end) and a first top plate and a bottom plate respectively fixed to the open ends at the top and bottom of the second cylinder (i.e., the first top plate and the bottom plate are both parallel to the xy plane, and the first top plate or bottom plate can be an integral structure with the second cylinder).

[0071] The following example uses the second structure for the encapsulation box, where the bottom plate and the second cylinder are integrated. The structure composed of the bottom plate and the second cylinder is referred to as the barrel.

[0072] n individual batteries are arranged in the body of the barrel along the x-direction. The first top plate is sealed and fixed to the open end of the top of the barrel. The first top plate has clearance holes for the polarity terminals of each individual battery. The polarity terminals of each individual battery extend out of the corresponding clearance holes.

[0073] 2n sealing sleeves are fitted one by one onto the polarity terminals of n individual cells and are located between the polarity terminals and the clearance holes to achieve a seal between the polarity terminals and the clearance holes.

[0074] Sealing sleeves are typically made of high-quality materials that are resistant to high temperatures and chemical corrosion and have low air permeability. They can maintain stable performance in high-temperature and complex chemical environments.

[0075] It should be noted that:

[0076] 1. The polarity terminal of the above-mentioned single battery can be the single battery post. In order to avoid the single battery post height not meeting the set requirements, a post adapter can be connected to the single battery post, and the overall structure of the single battery post and the post adapter can be used as the single battery polarity terminal.

[0077] 2. Within the encapsulation box, the internal cavities of each individual battery cell are interconnected, enabling electrolyte sharing and / or gas communication. This reduces the differences between individual batteries within the encapsulation box and improves the performance of high-capacity batteries.

[0078] The high-capacity battery is housed in a package, and the internal cavities of each individual battery cell can be connected through a shared channel. This shared channel can be the shared chamber described in Chinese Patent CN220324596U, the hollow component described in CN117477063A, the first hollow component and the second hollow component described in CN117477186A, or the electrolyte shared channel described in CN115275453A.

[0079] The sealing between each polarity terminal of the aforementioned high-capacity battery and the packaging casing is crucial. If this sealing fails, especially in the event of thermal runaway, fumes are highly likely to leak from the gap between the terminals and the packaging casing, rather than from the designated explosion vents within the casing. This not only further damages the structural integrity of the high-capacity battery and exacerbates the severity of thermal runaway, but also rapidly fills the surrounding environment with harmful fumes, posing a significant safety hazard to operators and surrounding facilities, and threatening life and property.

[0080] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention specifically incorporates a sealing sleeve between the polarity terminal and the corresponding clearance hole. The inner wall of the sealing sleeve tightly fits the polarity terminal, while the outer wall tightly fits the wall of the clearance hole, ensuring a tight seal between the polarity terminal and the packaging housing. This minimizes the risk of thermal runaway and guarantees the safe and stable operation of high-capacity batteries.

[0081] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0082] Example 1

[0083] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the large-capacity battery in this embodiment.

[0084] from Figure 1 As can be seen from the image, the high-capacity battery in this embodiment includes a package housing 1 and multiple individual battery cells 2 inside the package housing 1.

[0085] like Figure 2 As shown, the encapsulation box 1 in this embodiment includes a barrel 11 and a first top plate 12;

[0086] Multiple reinforcing ribs are provided on the side wall of the barrel 11 to improve the strength of the barrel 11 and further improve the protection performance of the encapsulation box 1 for each individual battery 2. At the same time, an explosion vent is provided on the side wall of the barrel 11. This explosion vent can also be called an explosion-proof vent, explosion-proof section, explosion venting section, etc., and is used to allow thermal runaway fumes inside the encapsulation box 1 to be discharged from here.

[0087] The first top plate 12 is used to seal and fix the top open end of the barrel 11, and a clearance hole 13 is provided on it corresponding to the polarity terminal 21 of each individual battery 2.

[0088] In this embodiment, the single battery cell 2 is a square-shell battery, and there are 12 of them. In other embodiments, the number and shape of the single battery cell 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0089] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As can be seen, 12 individual batteries 2 are arranged in the x-direction inside the barrel 11. The first top plate 12 is sealed and fixed to the open end of the top of the barrel 11. At the same time, the polar terminals 21 of the 12 individual batteries 2 extend out of the corresponding clearance holes 13 on the first top plate 12.

[0090] In order for the polar terminal 21 to extend smoothly out of the corresponding clearance hole 13, the opening size of the clearance hole 13 must be slightly larger than the cross-sectional size of the corresponding polar terminal 21; in this way, after the polar terminal 21 extends out, there will be a certain gap between the two.

[0091] The existence of this gap may cause thermal runaway fumes to be discharged through this gap instead of being vented from the explosion vent of the enclosure 1 when thermal runaway occurs. This will not only further damage the structural integrity of the large-capacity battery itself and exacerbate the severity of thermal runaway, but will also cause the surrounding environment to be quickly filled with harmful fumes, posing a huge safety hazard to operators and surrounding facilities and threatening life and property.

[0092] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As can be seen, this embodiment solves the above problem by sealing and fixing the sealing sleeve 3 between the polar terminal 21 and the corresponding clearance hole 13.

[0093] The sealing sleeve 3 is usually made of high-quality materials that are resistant to high temperature and chemical corrosion and have low air permeability. It can maintain stable performance in high temperature and complex chemical environments.

[0094] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the sealing sleeve 3 is tightly fitted to the polar terminal 21, and the outer wall is tightly fitted to the wall of the clearance hole 13, ensuring the sealing between the polar terminal 21 and the encapsulation box 1. When thermal runaway occurs, the thermal runaway flue gas is led out from the explosion vent of the encapsulation box 1 for treatment, minimizing the risk of thermal runaway and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the large-capacity battery.

[0095] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, two electrolyte sharing channels 14 are formed at the bottom of the large-capacity battery to achieve electrolyte sharing, and a gas sharing channel 15 is formed at the top of the large-capacity battery to connect the gas in the inner cavity of each individual cell 2 and achieve balance.

[0096] In some other embodiments, only an electrolyte sharing channel 14 or a gas sharing channel 15 may be provided.

[0097] In some other embodiments, a shared channel may also be formed on the side of the high-capacity battery.

[0098] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, sub-tube segments are respectively provided on the upper cover plate 23 and the lower cover plate 24 of each individual battery. Connecting the sub-tube segments located on the lower cover plate 24 can form an electrolyte sharing channel 14, and connecting the sub-tube segments located on the upper cover plate 23 can form a gas sharing channel 15.

[0099] Taking the setting of sub-pipe segments on the lower cover plate 24 as an example, the shared channel structure will be described in detail.

[0100] In this embodiment, for ease of description, the sub-pipe segment on the lower cover plate 24 is defined as the first sub-pipe segment 16; the outer wall cross-section of the first sub-pipe segment 16 can be circular or rectangular, from... Figure 5As can be seen from the diagram, this embodiment preferably uses a rectangular cross-section, allowing the bottom surface of the first sub-tube segment 16 to serve as the supporting surface for the individual battery 2. Compared to the first sub-tube segment 16 with a circular outer wall cross-section, the rectangular cross-section provides a larger contact area on the plane. This feature makes the individual battery 2 with this type of lower cover plate 24 more stable during use, less prone to rolling or shaking. Furthermore, in large-capacity batteries, connecting two adjacent individual batteries 2 via the first sub-tube segment 16 further improves the stability of the individual batteries 2 within the encapsulation housing 1, making the overall structure of the large-capacity battery more robust and durable.

[0101] In this embodiment, the first sub-tube segment 16 extends along the width direction of the lower cover plate 24. From the perspective of improving the stability of the single-cell battery 2 during use, the size of the first sub-tube segment 16 in the width direction of the lower cover plate 24 can be increased to create a larger bottom surface area, as a larger bottom surface area results in a more stable placement of the single-cell battery 2. However, this introduces a new problem: as the size of the first sub-tube segment 16 increases, the size of the electrolyte sharing channel 14 it forms also increases. A larger electrolyte sharing channel 14 means more electrolyte is required, which undoubtedly leads to an increase in the cost of the single-cell battery 2 or a large-capacity battery.

[0102] To resolve the contradiction of ensuring stable placement of the individual battery cell 2 while minimizing electrolyte usage, this embodiment employs a clever design. For example... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, two narrow first sub-tube segments 16 are provided on the lower cover plate 24. These two first sub-tube segments 16 can simultaneously provide support, ensuring that the individual battery cells 2 can be placed stably. At the same time, due to their narrow width, compared to a design that increases the size of a single first sub-tube segment 16, the size of the electrolyte sharing channel 14 formed is relatively small, thereby reducing the amount of electrolyte used. This effectively controls battery costs while meeting the requirement for stable battery placement, achieving a win-win effect.

[0103] from Figure 6 neutralization Figure 7 As can be seen, interconnected openings are formed in the lower cover plate 24 and the first sub-tube segment 16. In this embodiment, for ease of description, the openings in the lower cover plate 24 and the first sub-tube segment 16 are defined as the first opening 17; the shape of the first opening 17 is not limited in this embodiment, but the size of the first opening 17 needs to be ensured so that the electrolyte inside the single cell 2 can enter the first sub-tube segment 16 through the opening.

[0104] from Figure 7As can be seen from the diagram, the two ends of the first sub-pipe segment 16 in this embodiment are closed ends. This can be achieved in several ways. One feasible method is to set a sealing gasket or sealing plug inside the first sub-pipe segment 16, thereby effectively blocking the channels at both ends of the first sub-pipe segment 16 and forming a closed end. Alternatively, a sealing plate can be integrally molded inside the first sub-pipe segment 16, which can also achieve the purpose of sealing both ends of the first sub-pipe segment 16. Since this embodiment uses injection molding, the second method is preferred.

[0105] This sealing end mainly has the following two functions:

[0106] First, the function of preventing external substances from entering the interior of the single cell 2 before or during the construction of a large-capacity battery.

[0107] This sealed end plays a crucial role in the use of the single cell 2. Before and during the construction of a large-capacity battery, the single cell 2 is in an independent state. If the internal environment of the battery is affected by external factors, its performance will be impaired. For example, if air from the external environment enters the battery through the two ends of the first sub-tube segment 16 and the first opening 17, it may trigger an oxidation reaction, affecting the chemical reaction balance inside the battery; the entry of moisture may cause problems such as short circuits or corrosion of the electrodes; the intrusion of other impurities will also damage the electrochemical system inside the battery.

[0108] In this embodiment, the two ends of the first sub-tube segment 16 are designed as closed ends. The purpose is to build a solid barrier to ensure that air, water and other impurities in the external environment cannot enter the single cell 2 through the openings at both ends of the first sub-tube segment 16.

[0109] To achieve this function, certain requirements are placed on the strength of the sealing end. It needs to have a certain structural strength and sealing performance to resist various external pressures and corrosion, thereby creating a stable and pure environment inside the single cell and ensuring that the battery performance is not adversely affected by external factors.

[0110] Second, the sealed end can be opened by an unpacking tool to form an electrolyte sharing channel 14;

[0111] After the large-capacity battery is assembled, special unpacking tools are needed to open the closed ends of each first sub-tube to form an electrolyte sharing channel 14.

[0112] To meet this functional requirement, the sealed end must be able to be opened by an unpacking tool. This necessitates that the sealed end be designed to open smoothly with the tool without damaging other parts of the high-capacity battery during the opening process, ensuring the integrity and functionality of the battery remain unaffected.

[0113] For ease of description, in this embodiment, the closed ends at both ends of the first sub-pipe segment 16 are defined as the first closed end 18 and the second closed end 19, respectively; from Figure 6 and Figure 7 As can be seen from the figure, this embodiment adopts a structure of matching the connecting pipe and the blind hole to realize the connection of the two first sub-pipe segments 16. The connecting pipe set on the end face of the first closed end 18 is defined as the first connecting pipe 161, and the blind hole opened in the second closed end 19 is defined as the first blind hole 162. In two adjacent single cells, the first connecting pipe 161 of one single cell is inserted into the first blind hole 162 of the other single cell to achieve a sealed connection.

[0114] In some other embodiments, the first sub-tube segment 16 of one of the single cell batteries 2 can be abutted against the end face of the first sub-tube segment 16 of the other single cell battery 2, and the connection between the two can be achieved at the abutment location.

[0115] Combination Figure 8 As can be seen, in this embodiment, the outer wall cross-section of the first connecting pipe 161 is circular, and the corresponding first blind hole 162 that mates with it is also circular. Using a circular cross-section for the first connecting pipe 161 makes it easier to insert it into the first blind hole 162. The circular shape provides good guidance, reducing resistance and friction during connection and improving smoothness. Furthermore, due to the uniform stress distribution of the circular shape, a tight fit with the first blind hole 162 is more easily achieved. After the circular-section first connecting pipe 161 is connected within the first blind hole 162, its sealing performance is relatively good, effectively preventing electrolyte leakage.

[0116] like Figure 4 As shown, the sub-tube segment on the top cover plate is located between the two polarity terminals, and this sub-tube segment extends along the width direction of the top cover plate. For ease of description, this sub-tube segment is defined as the second sub-tube segment. Similar to the first sub-tube segment, a second, interconnecting opening needs to be made on the top cover plate and the second sub-tube segment. The shape of the second opening is not limited, but the size of the second opening needs to ensure that the gas inside the single cell can enter the second sub-tube segment through this opening. The second sub-tube segment has a similar structure to the first sub-tube segment, and its two ends are also closed ends. These closed ends have similar functions to the aforementioned closed ends. The only difference is that when a large-capacity battery is constructed, a special unpacking tool is needed to open the closed ends of each second sub-tube, thereby forming a gas-sharing pipeline.

[0117] It should be noted that:

[0118] To ensure that the internal cavity of each individual cell in a large-capacity battery is not affected by the external environment, the sub-tubes of the two outermost individual cells in a large-capacity battery need to be sealed to the internal cavity of the packaging box.

[0119] It is worth noting that, since the second sub-segment is located on the upper cover plate, unlike the first sub-segment located on the lower cover plate, its cross-sectional shape does not affect the stable placement of the individual battery cells. This characteristic gives the second sub-segment greater flexibility in shape design. In this embodiment, the shape of the second sub-segment is not strictly limited; it can be either circular or square. Furthermore, due to the limitations of the polarity terminals, this embodiment only has one second sub-segment on the upper cover plate.

[0120] The single-cell battery in this embodiment can also be a semi-finished single-cell battery, with a sealed casing serving as a cavity for the electrode assembly and electrolyte, providing a closed space for the electrode assembly and electrolyte, thus having a sealing function. Simultaneously, the strength of the sealed casing needs to meet certain requirements. In this embodiment, the strength of the sealed casing is not required to meet the strength requirements for the thermal runaway stage; it only needs to meet the strength requirements for the formation stage and the normal charge / discharge process of the battery. During the formation stage and the normal charge / discharge stage, the battery undergoes a series of chemical reactions and physical changes. During this process, certain pressure and heat are generated inside the battery. The sealed casing needs to have sufficient strength to withstand these pressures and heat to ensure the smooth progress of the formation process and the normal use of the battery. While meeting the above strength requirements, this embodiment uses a plastic casing as the sealed casing to reduce cost and battery weight.

[0121] We can assume that the strength of the sealed housing is P, P1≤P≤P2; where P1 is the strength requirement of the housing during the formation stage and the normal charging and discharging stage of the battery; and P2 is the strength requirement of the housing during the thermal runaway stage.

[0122] In this embodiment, the thickness of the sealing shell is h, where h is less than h0, and h0 is the thickness of the existing plastic shell of a semi-finished single-cell battery; the thickness of the existing plastic shell of a semi-finished single-cell battery is typically 5-8 mm. In this embodiment, the thickness of the sealing shell can be between 1-4 mm. By reducing the thickness of the shell of a traditional semi-finished single-cell battery with a plastic shell, better heat dissipation can be achieved, while also increasing the battery energy density. Furthermore, reducing the thickness of the plastic shell means using less plastic material, which helps save material costs and provides an economic advantage for large-scale production and application.

[0123] from Figure 3As can be seen from the image, the sealing shell in this embodiment is formed by an outer cylinder 22, an upper cover plate 23, and a lower cover plate 24.

[0124] The lower cover plate 24 (with the first sub-tube segment) and the outer cylinder 22 can be molded in one piece using injection molding, eliminating the need for separate processing and assembly. This significantly reduces production steps and shortens the production cycle. Furthermore, the injection-molded integral part ensures uniform material distribution and tight bonding, resulting in a stronger connection between the battery lower cover plate 24 and the outer cylinder 22, and higher overall structural strength. Additionally, reinforcing ribs can be integrally molded on the outer cylinder 22, effectively increasing its resistance to bending, compression, and torsion.

[0125] In this embodiment, since both the upper cover plate 23 (with the second sub-tube section) and the outer cylinder 22 are made of plastic, a heat-sealing connection can be used. Heat-sealing ensures a continuous, uniform, and tight connection between the upper cover plate 23 and the outer cylinder 22, resulting in extremely high stability. Compared to other sealing methods, it does not loosen or leak over time, maintaining excellent sealing performance at all times. External water, dust, and other impurities cannot enter the battery, providing good protection for the electrode components and ensuring battery performance and lifespan. Furthermore, the heat-sealing process is simple, and the parameters are easy to control.

[0126] Meanwhile, the injection molding process allows for precise control of the mold cavity dimensions, ensuring high dimensional accuracy of the sub-tube segments during molding and guaranteeing accurate fit with other individual cells. Furthermore, because it is a one-piece molding process, there is no issue of accumulated dimensional deviations due to assembly, ensuring the stability and consistency of the individual cell connections. This is beneficial for improving the overall performance and quality stability of the large-capacity battery, reducing problems such as poor connections and abnormal battery operation caused by dimensional mismatches. Additionally, in adjacent individual cells, the sub-tube segments of one cell can be fixedly connected to the sub-tube segments of another cell via heat fusion (e.g., ...). Figure 8 In this process, the first connector 161 of one of the individual cells is inserted into the first blind hole 162 of the other individual cell, and a sealed connection is achieved through heat fusion. After the plastic is heat-fused, it cools and solidifies, fusing the two cells together to form a stable connection structure capable of withstanding significant mechanical stress. For example, when a large-capacity battery is subjected to external forces such as vibration, impact, or compression, it effectively prevents the connection between the individual cells 15 from loosening or detaching, ensuring the structural integrity and electrical connection stability of the large-capacity battery under complex operating conditions. This, in turn, improves the safety and reliability of the large-capacity battery and extends its service life. Furthermore, the heat fusion connection method has lower precision requirements; even with a certain degree of dimensional deviation, a good connection can be achieved through heat fusion, reducing the precision control costs in the production process.

[0127] It should be noted that the plastic material selected in this invention should have the following properties:

[0128] First, it must have sufficient strength to ensure the stability of the battery structure;

[0129] Second, it has chemical corrosion resistance and can resist the corrosion of electrolytes;

[0130] Third, it has barrier properties, which can effectively prevent the electrolyte, gas and other substances inside the battery from leaking out, and at the same time prevent external impurities such as moisture and oxygen from entering the battery; in addition, a seepage-proof membrane can be provided between each semi-finished single cell and the packaging box 1 to prevent the electrolyte inside the semi-finished single cell from seeping out.

[0131] Fourth, it possesses excellent thermal stability. Batteries generate heat during charging and discharging, especially at high rates. This plastic material needs to maintain stable performance within a certain temperature range and will not soften, deform, or decompose due to high temperatures.

[0132] The plastic material used can be the material used in existing plastic casing semi-finished single-cell batteries, or the plastic material disclosed in Chinese patents CN106543551A and CN106977894A.

[0133] The semi-finished single cell is installed in the encapsulation box 1. The strength of the encapsulation box 1 needs to meet the strength requirements of the shell during the thermal runaway stage; that is, the pressure-bearing box needs to have good strength to ensure that during the thermal runaway stage, the pressure-bearing box can form a solid thermal barrier. Even in the extreme case of the sealed shell melting, it can effectively isolate high-temperature flames and harmful gases, prevent the spread of thermal runaway, and improve the safety of large-capacity batteries after thermal runaway.

[0134] Compared to other materials, the metal enclosure 1 is more reliable in emergency situations such as thermal runaway. It can withstand greater impact and destructive forces, reducing the likelihood of accidents and protecting the safety of personnel and surrounding equipment. In this embodiment, the enclosure 1 does not directly contact the electrolyte, so an iron, steel, or stainless steel shell can be used. An iron shell offers advantages in strength and cost, making it a viable option in scenarios where cost is a primary concern and strength requirements are not particularly stringent. A steel shell provides relatively high strength, offering more reliable protection for the battery and is suitable for applications with high safety and structural strength requirements. A stainless steel shell not only possesses good strength properties but also excellent corrosion resistance, making it perform exceptionally well in battery applications that may face humid or corrosive environments. This effectively extends battery life and ensures stable operation in complex environments.

[0135] It should be noted that when the encapsulation box 1 is made of metal, the sealing sleeve 3 needs to be made of non-conductive material. In this case, the sealing sleeve 3 can both seal and insulate between the encapsulation box 1 and the polar terminal 21.

[0136] Example 2

[0137] This embodiment is another type of large-capacity battery. Unlike embodiment 1, this embodiment, based on embodiment 1, provides a first insulating and sealing adhesive layer 4 between the first top plate 12 and each individual battery 2, between the barrel 11 and each individual battery 2, and between each individual battery 2.

[0138] like Figure 9 As shown, the first insulating sealant layer 4 is mainly laid in the space between each individual battery 2 and the first top plate 12; when there is a gap between each individual battery 2, the insulating sealant liquid can also penetrate into the gap to form the first insulating sealant layer 4; when there is a gap between each individual battery 2 and the barrel 11, the insulating sealant liquid can also penetrate into the gap to form the first insulating sealant layer 4.

[0139] In this embodiment, the first insulating sealant layer 4 has at least the following advantages:

[0140] 1. Further improve the sealing performance between the clearance hole 13 and the corresponding polarity terminal 21;

[0141] Specifically, the insulating sealant liquid constituting the first insulating sealant layer 4 penetrates into the tiny gap between the clearance hole 13 and the corresponding polarity terminal 21, thereby further sealing the gap.

[0142] II. Further improve the stability of each individual battery cell 2 within the encapsulation box 1;

[0143] The insulating sealant penetrates into the gaps between each individual cell 2 and between each individual cell 2 and the casing 11. Based on its adhesive and sealing properties, it can further improve the stability of each individual cell 2 within the casing 1.

[0144] Example 3

[0145] This embodiment is another type of high-capacity battery. Unlike embodiment 2, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the sealing sleeve 3 based on embodiment 2 to further improve the sealing effect.

[0146] like Figure 10The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the sealing sleeve 3 in this embodiment. A first annular sealing plate 32 is added to the structure of the sealing sleeve 3 in the above embodiment. The first annular sealing plate 32 is fixed to the outer side of the open end at the bottom of the sealing sleeve 3. The first annular sealing plate 32 and the hollow tube 31 can be an integral structure, making the overall structure more stable, or they can be separate structures.

[0147] from Figure 11 As can be seen, in this embodiment, the sealing sleeve 3 is fitted onto the polar terminal 21, the inner wall of the hollow tube 31 is tightly fitted to the polar terminal 21, the outer wall of the hollow tube 31 is tightly fitted to the wall of the clearance hole 13, and the first annular sealing plate 32 is located between the first insulating sealing layer 4 and the first top plate 12.

[0148] The first annular sealing plate 32 is pressed against the first insulating sealant layer 4. On the one hand, it can fill any tiny gaps that may exist between the bottom of the hollow tube 31 and the clearance hole 13, further improving the sealing performance between the polarity terminal 21 and the clearance hole 13. On the other hand, the first annular sealing plate 32 is pressed under the first top plate 12, which greatly improves the stability of the sealing sleeve 3. During normal battery operation, when subjected to vibration and impact, or when thermal expansion and contraction occur, the sealing sleeve 3 can always maintain the accurate position and maintain a good sealing state.

[0149] Example 4

[0150] This embodiment is another type of high-capacity battery. Unlike the above embodiments, this embodiment adds a pressure ring 5 to further optimize the sealing effect.

[0151] like Figure 12 As shown, taking the addition of pressure rings 5 ​​to Example 3 as an example, this example includes 24 pressure rings 5, corresponding one-to-one with 24 polarity terminals 21. Each pressure ring 5 is fitted onto the corresponding polarity terminal 21 from above the first top plate 12. In this example, the pressure rings 5 ​​and the polarity terminals 21 are connected by threads. On the one hand, the threaded structure allows the operator to easily rotate the pressure rings 5 ​​according to actual needs, finely adjusting their tightness on the sealing sleeve 3. On the other hand, the threaded connection makes the fixation between the pressure rings 5 ​​and the polarity terminals 21 more stable. When the battery is subjected to external impact, vibration, or drastic temperature changes, the pressure rings 5 ​​will not easily shift or loosen, and can always stably apply uniform pressure to the top surface of the sealing sleeve 3, ensuring a tight seal.

[0152] In addition, to facilitate the adjustment of the pressure ring 5, this embodiment also provides at least two adjustment tooling mounting holes 51 on the pressure ring 5. By inserting the adjustment tool into the mounting hole 51, the pressure ring 5 can be rotated to adjust its position on the polarity terminal 21.

[0153] By adjusting the position of the pressure ring 5 on the polarity terminal 21, downward pressure is applied to the sealing sleeve 3, causing a slight radial deformation of the sealing sleeve 3. This makes the seal between the sealing sleeve 3 and the polarity terminal 21 and the clearance hole 13 more tightly fitted, effectively preventing gaps from appearing at the seal even when the battery is subjected to external impact, vibration, or thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes. On the other hand, the pressing action of the pressure ring 5 can also work with the first annular sealing plate 32 to stabilize the position of the sealing sleeve 3, ensuring that it remains in place under complex working conditions. Thirdly, the pressure ring 5 itself can also serve as a sealing barrier, and the parts that are in close contact with the polarity terminal 21 and the top surface of the sealing sleeve 3 can further improve the overall sealing performance.

[0154] from Figure 12 As can be seen, the top surface 311 of the hollow tube of the sealing sleeve 3 is located on the same plane as the first top plate 12, and the lower end face of the pressure ring 5 is pressed tightly against the top surface 311 of the hollow tube and the first top plate 12.

[0155] There is another situation, such as Figure 13 As shown, the top surface 311 of the hollow tube of the sealing sleeve 3 is higher than the plane of the first top plate 12. If the pressure ring 5 is installed directly, and the thickness of the pressure ring 5 is greater than the thickness of the hollow tube 31, the outer edge of the pressure ring 5 will be suspended, meaning there will be a gap between the outer edge and the first top plate 12. This reduces the stability of the pressure ring 5, making it impossible to apply stable pressure to the sealing sleeve 3. To overcome this problem, a sealing gasket 25 can be placed between the pressure ring 5 and the first top plate 12, providing a flat base for the compression of the pressure ring 5.

[0156] Example 5

[0157] This embodiment is another type of large-capacity battery. Unlike the above embodiments, this embodiment adds a heat exchange sleeve 6 to optimize the heat dissipation effect of this type of large-capacity battery.

[0158] like Figure 14 As shown, this embodiment includes 24 heat exchange sleeves 6, which are respectively mounted on the periphery of 24 polar terminals 21.

[0159] The structure of heat exchange sleeve 6 is as follows Figure 15 As shown, it includes a hollow component 61 and a second annular sealing plate 62; two first through holes 63 are opened on the side wall of the hollow component 61 to penetrate its inner cavity, which serve as liquid inlet and liquid outlet respectively; the second annular sealing plate 62 is coaxial with the hollow component 61 and is sealed and fixed to the top of the hollow component 61.

[0160] Combination Figure 17As can be seen, the heat exchange sleeve 6 is sleeved around the polar terminal 21, forming an annular cavity between it and the side wall of the polar terminal 21. This annular cavity serves as a flow cavity for the heat exchange medium. The bottom end of the hollow component 61 is sealed and fixed to the polar terminal 21 of the single cell 2. The inner ring surface of the second annular sealing plate 62 is sealed and fixed to the side wall of the polar terminal 21. At the same time, part of the structure of the polar terminal 21 extends out of the inner hole of the second annular sealing plate 62, serving as the electrical connection part of the polar terminal 21.

[0161] The present invention does not specifically limit the cross-sectional shape of the hollow component 61. Generally, the cross-sectional shape of the hollow component 61 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 21. For example, when the cross-section of the polar terminal 21 is circular, the cross-section of the corresponding hollow component 61 is annular; when the cross-section of the polar terminal 21 is square, the cross-section of the corresponding hollow component 61 is square annular.

[0162] In this embodiment, the hollow component 61 and the second annular sealing plate 62 are integrated. In some other embodiments, the hollow component 61 and the second annular sealing plate 62 can be separate components, but the processing is more complicated than in this embodiment.

[0163] In this embodiment, the heat exchange sleeve 6 is made of rubber, which has a certain degree of elastic deformation. The bottom end of the hollow component 61 and the polar terminal 21 are tightly fitted together to achieve a sealed fixation. To improve the sealing reliability, insulating sealant can also be used for bonding. The inner ring surface of the second annular sealing plate 62 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21 are sealed by a tight fit. In some other embodiments, an annular sealing ring can be added between the inner ring surface of the second annular sealing plate 62 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21 to further improve the sealing performance.

[0164] like Figure 17 As shown, this embodiment can further optimize the stability and sealing of the structural connection through the first rubber ring 7 and the second rubber ring 8. Specifically, the first rubber ring 7 can be fixed on the outer ring surface of the pressure ring 5. Specifically, this can be achieved through the following steps: First, multiple blind holes are machined on the outer ring surface of the pressure ring 5; then, an injection molding process is used to attach the rubber material to the outer ring surface of the pressure ring 5 and partially inject it into the blind holes to form a shape. Based on each blind hole, the first rubber ring 7 can be tightly bonded to the pressure ring 5. In the subsequent assembly stage, the open bottom end of the heat exchange sleeve 6 is fitted over the fixed first rubber ring 7, and then a hot melt process is used to partially melt and bond the material of the heat exchange sleeve 6 with the first rubber ring 7 to achieve a stable connection and ensure a sealing effect.

[0165] Meanwhile, a similar method is used for the connection between the polarity terminal 21 and the open top end of the heat exchange sleeve 6. A second rubber ring 8 is fixed to the outer wall of the polarity terminal 21. Specifically, this can be achieved through the following steps: first, a groove is made on the outer wall of the polarity terminal 21 by milling or other processes; then, injection molding technology is used to fill the groove with rubber material to form the second rubber ring 8; finally, the open top end of the heat exchange sleeve 6 is fitted over the second rubber ring 8, and the sleeve and the second rubber ring 8 are heat-fused and fixed by heat fusion, ensuring the sealing and reliability of the entire device at this connection point.

[0166] like Figure 14 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat exchange sleeves 6 of each individual battery 2 located on the same side are connected to form two heat exchange channels on the top of the 12 individual batteries 2. The two heat exchange channels can be connected in parallel or in series, and heat exchange is achieved based on the two heat exchange channels.

[0167] In this embodiment, as Figure 16 As shown, the heat exchange sleeve 6 may also include an inlet pipe 64 and an outlet pipe 65; the inlet pipe 64 and the outlet pipe 65 are both fixed on the side wall of the hollow component 61 and are respectively connected to the inlet and the outlet.

[0168] The hollow component 61, the second annular sealing plate 62, the liquid inlet pipe 64, and the liquid outlet pipe 65 are integrated into one piece, and all of them are made of insulating material, preferably an insulating material with a certain degree of elastic deformation.

[0169] It should be noted that the inlet pipe 64 of one heat exchanger 6 and the outlet pipe 65 of the other heat exchanger 6 can be connected to each other to achieve communication between the two adjacent heat exchanger 6. Alternatively, a connecting section can be used to connect the inlet pipe 64 of one heat exchanger 6 and the outlet pipe 65 of the other heat exchanger 6 to achieve communication between the two adjacent heat exchanger 6.

[0170] By adopting a direct heat exchange method, part of the structure of the polar terminal 21 is placed directly in the inner cavity of the heat exchange sleeve 6, so that the polar terminal 21 is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium, thereby realizing heat exchange of the polar terminal 21. It has a shorter heat exchange path, and the heat exchange medium acts directly on the polar terminal 21, improving the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the battery.

[0171] Example 6

[0172] Based on Example 5, this embodiment adds a functional structure to the polar terminal 21 of each individual battery cell 2 to increase the heat exchange area of ​​that part of the polar terminal 21; placing the part with the functional structure in the heat exchange medium flow cavity can further improve the heat exchange effect.

[0173] For the specific structure of polarity terminal 21, please refer to Figure 17In this embodiment, at least two annular grooves 9 are formed on the sidewall of the polarity terminal 21. The two annular grooves 9 are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal 21, and each annular groove 9 extends circumferentially along the sidewall of the polarity terminal 21. Since the two annular grooves 9 can increase the heat exchange area of ​​this part of the polarity terminal 21, after placing this part in the heat exchange medium flow cavity, a better heat exchange effect can be obtained compared with the polarity terminal 21 with smooth sidewalls.

[0174] In some other embodiments, the number of annular grooves 9 and the dimensions such as groove width and groove depth can be adjusted as needed, specifically without affecting the conductivity of the polarity terminal 21.

[0175] In other embodiments, other structures can be processed on the polarity terminal 21 to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polarity terminal 21. Such functional structures may include dot-shaped pits or protrusions on the sidewall of the polarity terminal 21, and may also include through holes on the polarity terminal 21 (heat dissipation teeth can be added along its axial direction in the through hole to further increase the heat exchange area in the through hole). Compared with the above functional structures, the annular groove 9 structure in this embodiment is easier to process and has a lower processing cost.

[0176] Example 7

[0177] This embodiment, based on embodiment 5 or embodiment 6, adds an annular baffle 20 around the first top plate 12, such as... Figure 18 As shown, the annular baffle 20 is sealed and fixed to the open end of the barrel 11 or the periphery of the first top plate 12. The sealing and fixing can usually be achieved by welding, sealing adhesive, etc. The annular baffle 20 can also be integrally formed with the barrel 11 or the first top plate 12. The integrated design not only simplifies the assembly process and reduces the number of parts, but also eliminates potential weak points in the sealing from the root, making the structure stable and reliable.

[0178] A second insulating sealant layer 10 is provided in the space formed by the first top plate 12 and the annular baffle 20, and at least part of the structure of each heat exchange sleeve 6 is located in the second insulating sealant layer 10.

[0179] The high-capacity battery of the present invention also includes electrical connectors, which include a first electrical connector for realizing electrical connection between individual cells 2, and a second electrical connector for realizing electrical connection between high-capacity batteries or between high-capacity batteries and external load. The first electrical connector and part of the second electrical connector may also be located within the second insulating sealant layer 10, and one end of the second electrical connector needs to extend out of the second insulating sealant layer 10 (not shown in the figure).

[0180] In this embodiment, the second insulating sealant layer 10 has at least the following advantages:

[0181] I. Further improve the sealing performance of all parts of the heat exchange device;

[0182] Specifically, the insulating sealant liquid constituting the second insulating sealant layer 10 penetrates into the gap between the heat exchange sleeve 6 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21, further sealing the gap radially (the insulating sealant liquid cannot flow into the heat exchange medium flow cavity through the gap between the heat exchange sleeve 6 and the side wall of the polar terminal 21).

[0183] II. Preventing condensation;

[0184] During prolonged use, condensation will form on the surface of the heat exchanger due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchanger. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short circuit. By laying a second insulating sealant layer 10 to completely wrap the heat exchanger, the condensation on the surface of the heat exchanger can be prevented from causing a short circuit.

Claims

1. A high capacity battery, characterized by: The package box comprises a package box body, n single batteries, and 2n sealing sleeves, wherein n is an integer greater than 1; The package box body is provided with an explosion vent, and comprises a barrel body and a first top plate; the n single batteries are arranged in the barrel body, and the inner cavities of the n single batteries are in communication with each other; the first top plate is sealingly fixed at the top open end of the barrel body; the first top plate is provided with a plurality of avoiding holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of the single batteries; the polarity terminals of the single batteries extend out of the avoiding holes; The sealing sleeve comprises a hollow pipe, and 2n hollow pipes are sleeved on the polarity terminals of the single batteries one by one and located between the polarity terminals and the avoiding holes, so as to realize the sealing between the polarity terminals and the avoiding holes.

2. The high capacity battery of claim 1, wherein: First insulation sealing glue layers are arranged between the single batteries, between the single batteries and the first top plate and the barrel body.

3. The high capacity battery of claim 2, wherein: The sealing sleeve further comprises a first annular sealing plate fixed outside the bottom open end of the hollow pipe; the first annular sealing plate is located between the first insulation sealing glue layer and the first top plate.

4. The battery of claim 3, wherein: The top end surface of the hollow pipe is located in the same plane as the first top plate; The package box further comprises 2n pressing rings; the 2n pressing rings correspond to the polarity terminals one by one and are sleeved on the corresponding polarity terminals, and the lower end surface of the pressing ring is tightly pressed on the top end surface of the hollow pipe and the first top plate.

5. The high capacity battery of claim 4, wherein: The package box further comprises 2n heat exchange sleeves; The heat exchange sleeve corresponds to the polarity terminal one by one; each heat exchange sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the corresponding polarity terminal, and an annular cavity is formed between the inner side wall of the heat exchange sleeve and the side wall of the polarity terminal, which serves as a heat exchange medium flow cavity; the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal extends out of the heat exchange sleeve; and the top open end and the bottom open end of the heat exchange sleeve are sealed with the side wall of the polarity terminal; The heat exchange sleeves are in communication with each other, and a heat exchange channel is formed at the top of the large-capacity battery.

6. The battery of claim 5, wherein: The outer ring surface of the pressing ring is fixed with a first rubber ring; the bottom open end of the heat exchange sleeve is sleeved outside the first rubber ring and is fixed by hot melting; the outer wall of the polarity terminal is fixed with a second rubber ring, and the top open end of the heat exchange sleeve is sleeved outside the second rubber ring and is fixed by hot melting.

7. The battery of claim 6, wherein: The part of the polarity terminal located in the heat exchange sleeve is provided with a functional structure, and the functional structure is used to increase the heat exchange area of the part.

8. The battery of claim 7, wherein: The package box further comprises an annular baffle, which is sealingly fixed with the open end of the barrel body; A second insulation sealing glue layer is arranged in the space formed by the first top plate and the annular baffle, and at least part of the structure of each heat exchange sleeve is located in the second insulation sealing glue layer.

9. The high capacity battery of claim 1, wherein: The shell of each single battery is a plastic shell; the strength of the plastic shell is P, and P1≤P≤P2; wherein P1 is the strength requirement of the shell in the formation stage and the normal charging and discharging stage of the battery; P2 is the strength requirement of the shell in the thermal runaway stage; The strength of the package box meets the strength requirement of the shell in the thermal runaway stage.

10. The battery of claim 10, wherein: The plastic shell is enclosed by an upper cover plate, a barrel body and a lower cover plate; at least one of the upper cover plate, the barrel body and the lower cover plate is provided with a sub-pipe section, and the inner cavity of the sub-pipe section is in communication with the inner cavity of the shell; the corresponding sub-pipe sections of adjacent single batteries are sealingly connected, forming a shared channel.

11. The battery of claim 10, wherein: The sub-tube section is integrally arranged on the upper cover plate, the cylinder and the lower cover plate; the upper cover plate, the cylinder, the lower cover plate and the sub-tube section are provided with openings penetrating each other; the two ends of the sub-tube section are closed ends; a butt joint pipe is arranged on the end face of one closed end, and a blind hole extending along the axial direction of the sub-tube section is arranged on the other closed end; in the adjacent single batteries, the butt joint pipe of one single battery is inserted into the blind hole of the other single battery, and the two are connected in a heat sealing manner.

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