Arched concrete face rockfill dam and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an arched concrete face rockfill dam and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering.The arched concrete face rockfill dam comprises dam body rockfill and a supporting assembly, and the supporting assembly is arranged on the slope face of the upstream side of the dam body rockfill; the arched panel unit covers the dam body rockfill upstream side slope surface, the vault of the panel unit faces the side away from the dam body rockfill slope surface, and the arched direction of the panel unit is the horizontal direction of the dam body rockfill slope surface, namely, the panel unit is arched transversely; the two ends of the panel unit are connected with the two supporting assemblies through hinge assemblies correspondingly, the hinge assembly structure between the arched panel and the arch support has good elasticity and deformation capacity, deformation of a dam body under the load effect can be effectively adapted, and panel damage caused by rigid connection is avoided; meanwhile, the design of the arch pier and the arch foundation ensures the stability of the arch support on the dam body, so that the stability of the panel is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology, and in particular to an arched concrete-faced rockfill dam and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Rockfill dams, as a commonly used dam type in water conservancy projects, have advantages such as convenient construction, moderate engineering volume, and adaptability to complex terrain and geological conditions. Concrete-faced rockfill dams achieve seepage prevention by setting concrete panels on the upstream side of the dam body, while utilizing the self-weight and shear strength of the rockfill to ensure the overall stability of the dam body.

[0003] However, traditional concrete-faced rockfill dams often employ planar structural designs for their panels. Under long-term water pressure, significant tensile and shear stress concentrations easily occur at the joints between the panel and toe slab, in the middle of the panel, and at the joints between adjacent panels due to boundary constraints and deformation inconsistencies. This stress concentration leads to cracks. Once the panel cracks, it not only directly compromises the dam's seepage prevention integrity, increasing leakage, but long-term seepage may also erode the dam's interior, threatening the dam's long-term safety. Rockfill dams experience continuous creep settlement and uneven deformation during construction, impoundment, and operation. Traditional rigid or semi-rigid panel systems have limited deformation coordination capabilities. When the dam's deformation is inconsistent with the panel's deformation, a "void" phenomenon easily occurs between the panel and the subbase material. This void area causes the panel to lose its lower support, which may induce local buckling or fracture under water pressure, further exacerbating structural damage and affecting the seepage prevention effect and structural durability. Therefore, an arched concrete-faced rockfill dam and its construction method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art by proposing an arched concrete-faced rockfill dam and its construction method.

[0005] An arched concrete-faced rockfill dam, comprising: The dam body rockfill and support components, wherein the support components are disposed on the upstream slope of the dam body rockfill; An arched panel unit covers the upstream slope of the dam's rockfill. The arch of the panel unit faces away from the rockfill slope of the dam, and the arch direction of the panel unit is the horizontal direction of the rockfill slope of the dam, that is, the panel unit is horizontally arched. The two ends of the panel unit are connected to two support components respectively through hinge components. A waterproof foam layer and a seepage-proof layer are also provided between the panel unit and the dam rockfill. A water-stop component is provided between two adjacent panel units.

[0006] Preferably, the support assembly includes an arch seat, an arch pier, and an arch base. The bottom of the arch seat is rigidly fixed to the arch pier, and the arch pier is fixed to the arch base, which supports and transmits force. The support assembly is equipped with steel bars and is cast in place.

[0007] Preferably, the hinge assembly includes a first anchor bolt and a tenon-shaped protrusion. Both ends of the panel unit are connected to an upper steel plate via the first anchor bolt. The cross-section of the arch seat is an isosceles trapezoidal structure, and the inclined side is connected to a lower steel plate via the first anchor bolt. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the lower steel plate, and a rubber strip is provided in the arc-shaped groove of the lower steel plate. The tenon-shaped protrusion is fixedly connected to the upper steel plate, and the tenon-shaped protrusion is movably connected to the arc-shaped groove of the lower steel plate.

[0008] Preferably, a waterproof foam layer is filled under the panel unit, the waterproof foam layer is in direct contact with the seepage prevention layer, the seepage prevention layer is filled with asphalt concrete and is formed by casting with a template, and the seepage prevention layer is in direct contact with the dam body rockfill.

[0009] Preferably, a leakage sensor is provided at the contact position between the panel unit and the waterproof layer to monitor the leakage of the panel.

[0010] Preferably, the water-stopping component includes a rubber water-stop and a "T-shaped" copper sheet water-stop, wherein the copper sheet water-stop is wrapped inside the rubber water-stop and connected to the panel unit by two second anchor bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the panel unit has double-layer, bidirectional steel bars inside, with straight steel bars parallel to the axis of the panel unit and arched steel bars perpendicular to the axis.

[0012] A method for constructing the face panel of an arched concrete-faced rockfill dam is also proposed, including the following steps: S1. After the dam body is filled with rockfill, the arch foundation is excavated on the bedrock and poured according to the design dimensions. S2. After the arch foundation strength reaches the design requirements, the arch piers are poured. S3. After the arch pier construction is completed, the arch seat is poured. The contact surface is constructed according to the designed inclination angle. During the pouring process, ensure that the arch seat and the arch pier form a rigid connection. S4. Lay an impermeable layer and a waterproof foam layer on top of the dam body rockfill; S5. Install leakage sensors at both ends of the waterproof foam layer and connect the leakage sensors to the monitoring system; S6. Insert rubber strips into the arc-shaped groove of the arch seat, and then erect the panel unit on site. The template is set up according to the design feature curve. S7. After the formwork is erected, double-layer bidirectional reinforcement is laid. After the reinforcement is tied, concrete is poured to form panel units. S8. After the panel unit is poured and reaches the design strength, complete the installation of the hinge assembly and ensure that the rubber strip is filled tightly. S9. Install water-stop components between adjacent panel units.

[0013] Preferably, the span and slope length of the panel unit are respectively and ,in The design feature curve of the panel unit is as follows:

[0014] Where the arch is the origin of the coordinate system, For the span of the panel unit, The thickness of the panel unit. The distance from the crown of the arch to the dam face, where .

[0015] Preferably, the arch base is designed with the following dimensions: The contact surface between the arch and the panel unit is designed to be inclined, with an inclination angle of [value missing]. The thickness of the arch is ,in .

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: 1. This invention designs the panel as an arch, utilizing the advantages of an arch to evenly transfer loads such as water pressure to the arch base, effectively dispersing stress and avoiding the stress concentration problem of traditional flat panels; the double-layer bidirectional steel reinforcement arrangement inside the panel further enhances the structural strength and improves the panel's ability to resist cracking.

[0017] 2. The hinged component structure between the arch panel and the arch seat of the present invention has good elasticity and deformation capacity, which can effectively adapt to the deformation of the dam body under load and avoid panel damage caused by rigid connection; at the same time, the design of the arch pier and arch base ensures the stability of the arch seat in the dam body, thereby enhancing the stability of the panel. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the arched concrete panel rockfill dam structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the panel unit and the support component in this invention.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water-stopping component of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the steel reinforcement arrangement of the panel unit in this invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Dam body rockfill, 2. Panel unit, 3. Support component, 31. Arch seat, 32. Arch pier, 33. Arch base, 4. Waterproof foam layer, 5. Seepage prevention layer, 6. Hinged component, 61. Upper steel plate, 62. Lower steel plate, 63. First anchor bolt, 64. Tenon-shaped protrusion, 65. Rubber strip, 7. Waterstop component, 71. Rubber waterstop, 72. Copper sheet waterstop, 73. Second anchor bolt, 8. Arched steel bar, 9. Straight steel bar, 10. Leakage sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figure 1-5 As shown, an arched concrete-faced rockfill dam includes: The dam body rockfill 1 and the support component 3 are provided on the upstream slope of the dam body rockfill 1; An arched panel unit 2 covers the upstream slope of the dam rockfill 1. The arch of the panel unit 2 faces away from the slope of the dam rockfill 1, and the arch direction of the panel unit 2 is the horizontal direction of the slope of the dam rockfill 1, that is, the panel unit 2 is horizontally arched. The two ends of the panel unit 2 are connected to two support components 3 respectively through hinge components 6. A waterproof foam layer 4 and a seepage-proof layer 5 are also provided between the panel unit 2 and the dam rockfill 1. A water-stop component 7 is provided between two adjacent panel units 2.

[0026] In this embodiment, the support component 3 includes an arch seat 31, an arch pier 32, and an arch base 33. The bottom of the arch seat 31 is rigidly fixed to the arch pier 32, and the arch pier 32 is fixed to the arch base 33, which supports and transmits force. The support component 3 is equipped with steel bars and is cast on site.

[0027] In this embodiment, the hinge assembly 6 includes a first anchor bolt 63 and a tenon-shaped protrusion 64. Both ends of the panel unit 2 are connected to an upper steel plate 61 by the first anchor bolt 63. The arch seat 31 has an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section, and the inclined side is connected to a lower steel plate 62 by the first anchor bolt 63. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the lower steel plate 62, and a rubber strip 65 is provided in the arc-shaped groove of the lower steel plate 62. The tenon-shaped protrusion 64 is fixedly connected to the upper steel plate 61, and the tenon-shaped protrusion 64 is movably connected to the arc-shaped groove of the lower steel plate 62.

[0028] In this embodiment, a waterproof foam layer 4 is filled below the panel unit 2. The waterproof foam layer 4 is in direct contact with the seepage prevention layer 5. The seepage prevention layer 5 is filled with asphalt concrete and is cast using a template. The seepage prevention layer 5 is in direct contact with the dam body rockfill 1.

[0029] In this embodiment, a leakage sensor 10 is provided at the contact position between the panel unit 2 and the waterproof layer 5 to monitor the leakage of the panel.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, the water-stopping component 7 includes a rubber water-stop 71 and a "T-shaped" copper sheet water-stop 72. The copper sheet water-stop 72 is wrapped inside the rubber water-stop 71 and is connected to the panel unit 2 by two second anchor bolts 73.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, the panel unit 2 is provided with double-layer, bidirectional steel bars inside. The straight steel bars 9 are parallel to the axis of the panel unit 2, and the arched steel bars 8 are perpendicular to the axis.

[0032] A method for constructing the face panel of an arched concrete-faced rockfill dam includes the following steps: After the rockfill 1 of the dam body was completed, the arch foundation 33 was excavated on the bedrock, and then excavated according to... Cast arch foundation 33, The thickness of panel unit 2; after the arch foundation 33 reaches the design strength, the arch pier 32 is poured, with a embedment depth of [missing information]. ,in, To ensure a tight bond between the arch pier 32 and the bedrock; after the construction of the arch pier 32 is completed, the arch seat 31 is poured. The contact surface between the arch seat 31 and the panel unit 2 is designed with an inclination, and the contact surface is designed according to the angle with the horizontal plane. The thickness of the arch is ,in During the pouring process, ensure that the arch seat 31 and the arch pier 32 form a rigid connection.

[0033] A seepage-proof layer 5 is laid on top of the rockfill 1 of the dam body to ensure its waterproofness and durability. During the laying process, it is compacted to ensure uniform force transmission and seepage prevention effect. Then, a waterproof foam layer 4 is laid on the seepage-proof layer 5. Leakage sensors 10 are installed at both ends of the waterproof foam layer 4 (i.e., near the contact position between the panel unit 2 and the seepage-proof layer 5), and the leakage sensors 10 are connected to the monitoring system to realize real-time monitoring of leakage.

[0034] Rubber strips 65 are embedded in the arc-shaped groove of the arch seat 31, followed by on-site erection of the panel unit 2. The template is erected according to the design characteristic curve. The span and slope length of the panel unit 2 are respectively... and ,in The design characteristic curve of panel unit 2 is as follows:

[0035] Where the arch is the origin of the coordinate system, For the span of panel unit 2, The distance from the crown of the arch to the dam face, where .

[0036] After the formwork is erected, double-layer bidirectional steel bars are laid. After the steel bars are tied, concrete is poured to form panel unit 2. During the pouring process, ensure that the concrete is vibrated and compacted.

[0037] After the panel unit 2 is poured and reaches the design strength, the upper steel plate 61 is fixed to both ends of the panel unit 2 by the first anchor bolt 63, and the lower steel plate 62 is fixed to the inclined surface of the arch seat 31 by the first anchor bolt 63, thus completing the installation of the hinge assembly 6, ensuring that the rubber strip 13 is filled tightly, and realizing the movable connection.

[0038] Install the water-stop component 7 between adjacent panel units 2. First, wrap the "T-shaped" copper sheet water-stop 72 inside the rubber water-stop 71. Then, connect and fix the rubber water-stop 71 to the panel unit 2 through the second anchor bolt 73 to ensure that the rubber water-stop has an arched structure, thus completing the installation of the double water-stop structure.

[0039] As is known from common technical knowledge, this invention can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this invention or its equivalents are included in this invention.

Claims

1. An arched concrete-faced rockfill dam, characterized in that, include: The dam body rockfill (1) and support components (3) are provided on the upstream slope of the dam body rockfill (1); An arched panel unit (2) is placed on the upstream slope of the dam rockfill (1). The arch of the panel unit (2) faces away from the slope of the dam rockfill (1). The arch direction of the panel unit (2) is the horizontal direction of the slope of the dam rockfill (1), that is, the panel unit (2) is horizontally arched. The two ends of the panel unit (2) are connected to two support components (3) respectively through hinge components (6). A waterproof foam layer (4) and a seepage-proof layer (5) are also provided between the panel unit (2) and the dam rockfill (1). A water-stop component (7) is provided between two adjacent panel units (2).

2. The arched concrete-faced rockfill dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (3) includes an arch seat (31), an arch pier (32) and an arch base (33). The bottom of the arch seat (31) is rigidly fixed on the arch pier (32). The arch pier (32) is fixed on the arch base (33) which supports and transmits force. The support assembly (3) is equipped with steel bars and is cast on site.

3. An arched concrete-faced rockfill dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hinge assembly (6) includes a first anchor bolt (63) and a tenon-shaped protrusion (64). Both ends of the panel unit (2) are connected to an upper steel plate (61) by the first anchor bolt (63). The cross-section of the arch seat (31) is an isosceles trapezoidal structure, and the inclined side is connected to a lower steel plate (62) by the first anchor bolt (63). An arc-shaped groove is provided on the lower steel plate (62), and a rubber strip (65) is provided in the arc-shaped groove of the lower steel plate (62). The tenon-shaped protrusion (64) is fixedly connected to the upper steel plate (61), and the tenon-shaped protrusion (64) is movably connected to the arc-shaped groove of the lower steel plate (62).

4. An arched concrete-faced rockfill dam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The panel unit (2) is filled with a waterproof foam layer (4) below it. The waterproof foam layer (4) is in direct contact with the seepage prevention layer (5). The seepage prevention layer (5) is filled with asphalt concrete and is cast by formwork. The seepage prevention layer (5) is in direct contact with the dam body rockfill (1).

5. An arched concrete-faced rockfill dam according to claim 4, characterized in that: A leakage sensor (10) is provided at the contact position between the panel unit (2) and the waterproof layer (5) to monitor the leakage of the panel.

6. An arched concrete-faced rockfill dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-stopping component (7) includes a rubber water-stop (71) and a "T-shaped" copper sheet water-stop (72), the copper sheet water-stop (72) being wrapped inside the rubber water-stop (71) and connected to the panel unit (2) by two second anchor bolts (73).

7. An arched concrete-faced rockfill dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The panel unit (2) is equipped with double-layer, bidirectional steel bars. The bars parallel to the axis of the panel unit (2) are straight steel bars (9), and the bars perpendicular to the axis are arched steel bars (8).

8. A method for constructing the face panel of an arched concrete-faced rockfill dam, for realizing the arched concrete-faced rockfill dam according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. After the dam body rockfill (1) is completed, the arch foundation (33) is excavated on the bedrock and the arch foundation (33) is poured according to the design dimensions. S2. After the arch foundation (33) reaches the design requirements, the arch pier (32) is poured. S3. After the construction of the arch pier (32) is completed, the arch seat (31) is poured. The contact surface is constructed according to the design inclination angle. During the pouring process, ensure that the arch seat (31) and the arch pier (32) form a rigid connection. S4. Lay an impermeable layer (5) and a waterproof foam layer (4) on top of the dam body rockfill (1). S5. Install leakage sensors (10) at both ends of the waterproof foam layer (4) and connect the leakage sensors (10) to the monitoring system; S6. Insert rubber strips (13) into the arc-shaped groove of the arch seat (31), and then erect the panel unit (2) on site. The template is set up according to the design feature curve. S7. After the formwork is erected, double-layer bidirectional steel bars are laid. After the steel bars are tied, concrete is poured to form panel units (2). S8. After the panel unit (2) is poured and reaches the design strength, the hinge assembly (6) is installed to ensure that the rubber strip (13) is filled tightly. S9. Install water-stop components (7) between adjacent panel units (2).

9. A method for constructing the panel of an arched concrete-faced rockfill dam according to claim 8, characterized in that: The span and slope length of the panel unit (2) are respectively and ,in The design feature curve of the panel unit (2) is as follows: Where the arch is the origin of the coordinate system, For the span of panel unit (2), The thickness of panel unit (2) The distance from the crown of the arch to the dam face, where .

10. A method for constructing the panel of an arched concrete-faced rockfill dam according to claim 9, characterized in that: The arch base (33) is designed with the following dimensions: The contact surface between the arch (31) and the panel unit (2) is designed to be inclined, with an inclination angle of 10°. The thickness of the arch is ,in .

Images