Distributed photovoltaic cable fault positioning device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent operation and maintenance of power equipment, and discloses a distributed photovoltaic cable fault positioning device which comprises a fault positioning instrument body, a shielding shed, a lifting mechanism and a linkage lock. The fault positioning instrument body is composed of two hinged semi-cylindrical shells, and a monitoring circuit is integrated in the fault positioning instrument body. The shielding shed is fixed on the aerial cable through a hoop to serve as a resident base station. The lifting mechanism is arranged in the shielding shed, and a reel and a traction rope are driven by a motor, so that the ground vertical lifting of the fault locator main body is realized. The core innovation lies in mechanical logic control of the lock, wherein a one-way rigid shifting plate mechanism automatically triggers a lock cylinder to retract and unlock when a reel rotates reversely, and automatic locking is achieved through mechanical extrusion and spring reset when a shell ascends in place. The mode that traditional equipment needs to climb a tower for maintenance is thoroughly changed, operation and maintenance personnel can complete equipment overhaul on the ground, and the method has the remarkable advantages that power failure is not needed, intrinsic safety is achieved, and the maintenance cost is extremely low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system monitoring equipment and operation and maintenance technology, and in particular to a distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device. Background Technology

[0002] In distributed photovoltaic power generation systems and high-voltage transmission networks, cable fault location devices (traveling wave ranging terminals) are key equipment for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid. These devices are typically installed on outdoor, high-altitude cable lines, utilizing the traveling wave principle to monitor and locate line faults in real time.

[0003] In existing technologies, fault location devices are mostly rigidly fixed to cables using bolts or metal clips. While this structure ensures the stability of the connection, it also brings significant maintenance challenges. Since the equipment is typically installed several meters to tens of meters above the ground, when the battery is depleted, the sensor malfunctions, or firmware upgrades are needed, maintenance personnel must use heavy machinery such as insulated boom trucks for high-altitude operations, or apply for a power outage to climb the tower. This not only leads to high maintenance costs and significant operational risks, but also directly impacts the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power station. Furthermore, once the rigid connection structure corrodes during long-term operation, disassembly becomes extremely difficult, sometimes even requiring destructive removal.

[0004] Therefore, developing a device that can stably stay at high altitudes for monitoring and allows for convenient lifting and lowering of the main body of the equipment for maintenance without having to climb the tower has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing fault location equipment, such as difficulty in high-altitude maintenance, high cost, and high safety risks, this invention proposes a distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device.

[0006] A distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device includes a fault location instrument body, a shielding canopy, a lifting mechanism, and a lock. The fault location instrument body includes two hinged housings. The shielding canopy is detachably installed on the cable. The lifting mechanism is located inside the shielding canopy and is used to drive the housings to move up and down relative to the shielding canopy. The lock is used to close the two housings and fix them to the bottom of the shielding canopy. A mechanical linkage structure is provided between the lock and the lifting mechanism. When the lifting mechanism moves to drive the housings to descend, the lock is driven to disengage from the housings to release the lock. When the lifting mechanism moves to drive the housings to rise to the desired position, the lock automatically locks the housings.

[0007] Furthermore, to better realize the present invention, the canopy includes a top shell, and a guide plate for guiding the shell to close is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top shell; the lifting mechanism includes two rollers rotatably disposed inside the top shell, and a motor for driving the rollers to rotate is fixed inside the top shell; a traction rope is fixed at both ends of each roller, and the end of the traction rope is fixedly connected to the shell; a guide tube is fixedly installed inside the top shell, and the lock includes a lock cylinder slidably disposed inside the guide tube; a plurality of paddles arranged in a ring and capable of unidirectional swing are installed on at least one side of the roller; a slot adapted to the lock cylinder is opened on the upper edge of the shell; when the roller rotates in the direction of releasing the traction rope, the paddles actuate the lock to disengage the lock cylinder from the slot.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, a guide hole is provided at the top of the conduit, a lever is fixed at the top of the lock cylinder that slides along the guide hole, two levers on the same side are connected by a pull rope, a rope-winding rod is fixed inside the top shell, and the pull rope is wound into a V-shaped structure through the rope-winding rod.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the scroll is hinged to the lever plate by a hinge. The hinge is located on the outside of the lever plate relative to the rotation direction, so that the lever plate can only transmit rigid force in one direction away from the axis of the scroll, and can fold inward when rotating in the opposite direction; a return spring is fixed on the outer end of the lock cylinder, and a smooth slope is formed on the inner end face of the lock cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the bottom inner sides of the two housings are movably connected by a limiting rod, and a plurality of support springs are fixedly installed between the bottom inner sides of the two housings. The limiting rod is slidably inserted into the inner sidewall of the two housings, and flanges for limiting the opening angle of the housings are fixedly installed at both ends of the limiting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, a baffle is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the guide plate along the radial direction of the shell. The shell is a semi-cylindrical structure, and a stepped groove adapted to the baffle is opened on the upper edge of the shell.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, arc-shaped storage holes are provided at both ends of the shell, and the traction rope is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the storage hole through a tension spring.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, both ends of the top shell are fixedly connected with clamps for holding the cable by support rods.

[0014] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, multiple rope holes are provided at both ends of the guide plate, and the traction rope passes through the rope holes and connects to the shell.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the output shaft of the motor is fixed with a worm gear, the worm gear meshing with a worm wheel that is coaxially fixed with one of the reels, and the two reels are driven by a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This application realizes "ground-based operation and maintenance" of distributed photovoltaic cable fault location instrument through the liftable fault location instrument body. The operation and maintenance personnel do not need to climb to the high-altitude cable to lower the fault location instrument body to the ground for inspection and maintenance, which solves the pain points of difficult maintenance of high-altitude equipment and high risk of high-altitude operation.

[0017] 2. This application utilizes the action of the traction rope being released when the reel rotates, in conjunction with the one-way lever to automatically unlock the lock. There is no need to configure a separate motor or solenoid valve for the lock, which reduces the equipment cost and the complexity of the control system. When it rises to the position, the return spring and the slope of the lock cylinder guide it to achieve automatic locking similar to a "pin", ensuring the reliability of the equipment when it is fixed at high altitude. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Front view of the structural diagram; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the top shell of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the fault location instrument of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the lock structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting rod structure of the present invention.

[0019] Legend: 10. Fault locator body; 11. Housing; 111. Bayonet; 112. Storage hole; 113. Step groove; 12. Limiting rod; 121. Flange; 13. Support spring; 20. Shelter; 21. Top shell; 22. Guide plate; 221. Rope hole; 23. Baffle; 24. Conduit; 241. Guide hole; 25. Clamp; 30. Lifting mechanism; 31. Reel; 32. Worm gear; 33. Worm; 34. Motor; 35. Traction rope; 36. Tension spring; 37. Synchronous pulley; 38. Synchronous belt; 40. Lock; 41. Lock cylinder; 42. Lever; 43. Lever plate; 44. Hinge; 45. Pull rope; 46. Rope winding rod; 47. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 - Figure 9 As shown, a distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device includes: The fault locator body 10 includes two hinged housings 11. Inside each housing 11 are installed a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a power supply module, and a clock module. The power-taking iron core has a two-lobed structure. The two lobes of the power-taking iron core are installed inside the two housings 11 and are located in the area below the cable. The bottom lower edges of the two housings 11 are hinged by multiple hinges 44. The canopy 20 is detachably installed on the cable. The canopy 20 is fixedly installed on the cable, and the fault locator body 10 is placed under the canopy 20. The canopy 20 can protect the fault locator body 10 from rain and sun, slow down the aging of the equipment, and extend its service life. At the same time, the canopy 20 also serves as a support. The lifting mechanism 30 is installed inside the canopy 20. The lifting mechanism 30 is used to drive the lifting of the housing 11. The housing 11 is driven to descend by the lifting mechanism 30 so that the fault locator body 10 can be lowered to the ground position, so that the fault locator body 10 can be maintained without the need for high-altitude workers. Lock 40 is used to close and fix the two housings 11 to the bottom of the shield 20 to improve the stability of the fault location instrument body 10. When the lock 40 is driven by the lifting mechanism 30 to descend the housing 11, the lock 40 disengages from the housing 11, and the top openings of the two housings 11 expand, with the opening size being larger than the outer diameter of the cable. Thus, when the lifting mechanism 30 drives the housing 11 to descend, the fault locator body 10 disengages from the cable to facilitate the descent of the fault locator body 10. When the lock 40 drives the housing 11 to rise via the lifting mechanism 30, the two housings 11 simultaneously come into contact with each other, and the lock 40 locks the housing 11 to the bottom of the canopy 20, while clamping it onto the cable.

[0023] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 As shown, the shield 20 includes a top shell 21. A guide plate 22 for guiding the housing 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top shell 21. The guide plate 22 is an arc-shaped plate. The upper edges of the housing 11 can be brought closer together by the guidance of the arc-shaped guide plate 22. During the process of bringing together, the groove in the center of the housing 11 is stuck on the cable, so that the power-taking iron core is held on the cable. The lifting mechanism 30 includes two rollers 31 rotatably disposed inside the top shell 21. The rollers 31 are rotatably connected inside the top shell 21 through ceramic bearings, and the axis of the rollers 31 is parallel to the cable. The top shell 21 is fixed with a motor 34 for driving the rollers 31 to rotate. The motor 34 is a servo motor, and the two rollers 31 rotate synchronously through a linkage. Both ends of the reel 31 are fixed with traction ropes 35. The housing 11 is fixedly connected to the traction ropes 35. When the motor 34 drives the reel 31 to rotate and releases the traction ropes 35, the housing 11 is lowered by the traction ropes 35. When the motor 34 drives the reel 31 to rotate and winds the traction ropes 35, the traction ropes 35 pull the housing 11 to rise. A guide tube 24 perpendicular to the reel 31 is fixedly installed inside the top shell 21. The lock 40 includes a lock core 41 slidably installed inside the guide tube 24. The lock core 41 slides along the direction of the guide tube 24 perpendicular to the reel 31. The lock cores 41 placed on both sides of the cable are linked together by a traction member. A plurality of ring-shaped and unidirectional oscillating dial plates 43 are installed on one of the reels 31. When the reel 31 releases the traction rope 35, the dial plates 43 rotate with the reel 31 and push the lock core 41 outward by the dial plates 43, so that the lock is disengaged from the slot 111 opened on the upper edge of the housing 11. At this time, the housing 11 can be disengaged from the top shell 21, and the fault location instrument body 10 can be lowered. When the spool 31 winds the traction rope 35, the main body 10 of the fault locator is pulled upward. At the same time, the upper surface of the housing 11 presses against the lock cylinder 41. When the two housings 11 are in contact with each other, the lock cylinder 41 resets and is locked into the slot 111. The housing 11 can then be fixed to the top housing 21 by the lock cylinder 41.

[0024] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 As shown, a guide hole 241 is provided at the top of the guide tube 24. The guide hole 241 is parallel to the sliding direction of the lock cylinder 41. A lever 42 that slides along the guide hole 241 is fixed at the top of the lock cylinder 41. The top of the lever 42 is placed within the rotation radius of the lever plate 43. Two levers 42 on the same side are connected by a pull rope 45. A rope-winding rod 46 is fixed inside the top shell 21. The pull rope 45 is wound into a V-shape through the rope-winding rod 46. Thus, when the lever 42 on the right side ( Figure 3 When the right-hand lever 42 slides outward along the guide tube 24, the pull rope 45, in conjunction with the winding rod 46, causes the left-hand lever 42 to also slide outward, thereby causing the two lock cylinders 41 on the same side to slide outward synchronously and disengage from the latch 111. The scroll 31 is hinged to the lever plate 43 via a hinge 44, with the hinge 44 positioned on the outside of the lever plate 43 (e.g., Figure 5 As shown in the diagram, the right side of the right-side lever 43 (right side). When the spool 31 rotates counterclockwise to wind the traction rope 35, the top left side of the lever 43, under the action of the right-side hinge 44, is pressed against the spool 31 and cannot swing. At this time, the counterclockwise rotation of the lever 43 can move the lever 42 and the lock cylinder 41 outward. At the same time, a return spring 47 is fixed on the outer end of the lock cylinder 41 and compressed to facilitate the return of the lock cylinder 41. When the spool 31 rotates clockwise, the return spring 47 elastically supports the lock cylinder 41. When the lock cylinder is in the reset state, and the roller 31 drives the lever 43 to rotate clockwise, the lever 43 swings in one direction to avoid affecting the normal winding of the roller 31 around the traction rope 35. The inner end of the lock cylinder 41 has a smooth slope on its lower surface. When the upper edge of the housing 11 acts on the slope, the lock cylinder 41 can slide outward by squeezing the slope, and at the same time compress the reset spring 47 until the latch 111 corresponds to the lock cylinder 41 (that is, after the two housings 11 are against each other). At this time, the lock cylinder 41 is locked into the latch 111.

[0025] like Figure 4 , Figure 9As shown, the bottom inner sides of the two housings 11 are connected by a limiting rod 12. The limiting rod 12 is an arc-shaped rod and is coaxial with the shaft of the bottom hinge 44. It is slidably inserted into the panel on the side of the two housings 11 that are close to each other. At the same time, multiple support springs 13 are fixedly installed on the bottom inner sides of the two housings 11. When the two housings 11 come together to form a cylinder, the support springs 13 are in an elastically compressed state. At the same time, flanges 121 are fixedly installed at both ends of the limiting rod 12. The outer diameter of the flanges 121 is larger than the outer diameter of the limiting rod 12. When the lock cylinder 41 disengages from the latch 111 and descends, the support springs 13 rebound, causing the top of the two housings 11 to unfold outward. The flanges 121 limit the diameter of the opening, making the diameter of the opening smaller than the length of the guide plate 22.

[0026] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, a baffle 23 is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the guide plate 22 along the radial direction of the housing 11. The housing 11 is a semi-cylinder, and a stepped groove 113 adapted to the baffle 23 is opened on the upper edge of the housing 11. The housing 11 can be positioned by the baffle 23, and the baffle 23 can be stored in the stepped groove 113 on the upper edge of the housing 11, so as to avoid affecting the seamless closure between the two housings 11.

[0027] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, by providing arc-shaped storage holes 112 at both ends of the housing 11, with the storage holes 112 being coaxially arranged with the housing 11, the lower end of the traction rope 35 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the storage hole 112 via a tension spring 36. Furthermore, through the elastic stretching of the tension spring 36, when the upper edge of the housing 11 abuts against the baffle 23, the stretching of the tension spring 36 plays a role in differential compensation when the traction rope 35 is wound around the reel 31.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, both ends of the top shell 21 are fixedly connected to clamps 25 by support rods. An insulating pad is placed inside the clamps 25, and the shield 20 can be fixed to the cable with the help of bolts and nuts.

[0029] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6As shown, the guide plate 22 has multiple rope holes 221 at both ends, and a traction rope 35 is fixed at both ends of the housing 11. Each traction rope 35 passes through a rope hole 221. At the same time, each traction rope 35 is inserted into the rope hole 221 on the side separated by the cable. That is, the traction rope 35 on the right side of the cable is inserted into the rope hole 221 on the left side of the cable, and the traction rope 35 on the left side of the cable is inserted into the rope hole 221 on the right side of the cable. It is fixedly connected to the reel 31 on the same side, so that the traction rope 35 is deflected into a V-shape by the rope hole 221, which is conducive to pulling the top of the housing 11 together.

[0030] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the output shaft of the motor 34 is fixed with a worm gear 33 via a coupling. The worm gear 33 meshes with a worm wheel 32 that is coaxially fixed with the reel 31. Both ends of the two reels 31 are coaxially fixed with synchronous pulleys 37. The two synchronous pulleys 37 on the same side are driven by a synchronous belt 38.

[0031] Working principle: The high-altitude worker clamps and fixes the clamp 25 to the cable with bolts and nuts, so that the top shell 21 is placed above the cable. The fault locator body 10 is clamped on the cable. Under normal conditions, the two shells 11 are close to each other and the locking core 41 is engaged in the bayonet 111. At the same time, the spool 31 is wound with the traction rope 35, and the tension spring 36 is in an elastic tension state. At this time, the fault location of the photovoltaic cable is performed by the fault locator body 10.

[0032] The control circuit of motor 34 is located at the bottom of the tower. When maintenance is required on the main body 10 of the fault locator, motor 34 is controlled to drive the reel 31 to rotate counterclockwise. When the reel 31 rotates counterclockwise, the traction rope 35 is released. At the same time, the lever 42 of the deflector plate 43 moves the lock cylinder 41 outward. The lock cylinder 41 disengages from the bayonet 111. Under the action of gravity, the main body 10 of the fault locator moves downward. Under the elastic support of the support spring 13, the tops of the two housings 11 flip outward, allowing the cable to detach from the housings 11. Finally, the main body 10 of the fault locator is lowered to a position that is convenient for maintenance personnel to operate for maintenance.

[0033] After maintenance, the motor 34 drives the reel 31 to run clockwise and wind the traction rope 35, so that the main body 10 of the fault locator is pulled upward. At the same time, when the housing 11 reaches the bottom of the guide plate 22, the arc surface of the guide plate 22 guides the tops of the housing 11 to come closer together and squeeze the lock cylinder 41 to retract. When the lock cylinder 41 aligns with the bayonet 111, the elastic rebound of the return spring 47 causes the lock cylinder 41 to be locked into the bayonet 111 and fixed.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device, comprising a fault location instrument body (10), a shielding canopy (20), a lifting mechanism (30), and a lock (40), characterized in that: The main body (10) of the fault locator includes two hinged housings (11). The shield (20) is detachably installed on the cable. The lifting mechanism (30) is set inside the shield (20) and is used to drive the housing (11) to move up and down relative to the shield (20). The lock (40) is used to close the two housings (11) and fix them to the bottom of the shield (20). The lock (40) and the lifting mechanism (30) are provided with a mechanical linkage structure. When the lifting mechanism (30) moves to drive the housing (11) to descend, the lock (40) is driven to disengage from the housing (11) to release the lock on the housing (11). When the lifting mechanism (30) moves to drive the housing (11) to rise to the position, the lock (40) automatically locks the housing (11).

2. The distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The canopy (20) includes a top shell (21), and a guide plate (22) for guiding the closing of the housing (11) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top shell (21); the lifting mechanism (30) includes two rollers (31) rotatably disposed in the top shell (21), and a motor (34) for driving the rollers (31) to rotate is fixed in the top shell (21); each roller (31) has a traction rope (35) fixed at both ends, and the end of the traction rope (35) is fixedly connected to the housing (11); a guide tube (24) is fixedly installed in the top shell (21), and the lock (40) includes a lock cylinder (41) slidably disposed in the guide tube (24), and multiple levers (43) arranged in a ring and capable of swinging in one direction are installed on at least one side of the roller (31). The upper edge of the housing (11) is provided with a slot (111) that is compatible with the lock cylinder (41); when the spool (31) rotates in the direction of releasing the traction rope, the lock (40) is moved to make the lock cylinder (41) exit the slot (111).

3. The distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the conduit (24) is provided with a guide hole (241), and the top of the lock cylinder (41) is fixed with a lever (42) that slides along the guide hole (241). Two levers (42) on the same side are connected by a pull rope (45). A rope-winding rod (46) is fixed inside the top shell (21), and the pull rope (45) is wound into a V-shaped structure by the rope-winding rod (46).

4. The distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scroll (31) is hinged to the lever (43) via a hinge (44). The hinge (44) is located on the outside of the lever (43) relative to the direction of rotation, so that the lever (43) can only transmit rigid force in one direction away from the axis of the scroll (31), and can fold inward when rotating in the opposite direction. A return spring (47) is fixed to the outer end of the lock core (41), and a smooth slope is formed on the inner end face of the lock core (41).

5. The distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom inner sides of the two housings (11) are movably connected by a limiting rod (12). Multiple support springs (13) are fixedly installed between the bottom inner sides of the two housings (11). The limiting rod (12) is slidably inserted into the inner sidewall of the two housings (11). Flanges (121) for limiting the opening angle of the housings are fixedly installed at both ends of the limiting rod (12).

6. The distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom center of the guide plate (22) is fixedly installed with a baffle (23) arranged along the radial direction of the housing (11). The housing (11) is a semi-cylindrical structure, and the upper edge of the housing (11) is provided with a stepped groove (113) that matches the baffle (23).

7. The distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing (11) has arc-shaped storage holes (112) at both ends, and the traction rope (35) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the storage hole (112) through a tension spring (36).

8. The distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the top shell (21) are fixedly connected with clamps (25) for holding the cable by support rods.

9. The distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide plate (22) has multiple rope holes (221) at both ends, and the traction rope (35) passes through the rope holes (221) and connects to the shell (11).

10. The distributed photovoltaic cable fault location device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output shaft of the motor (34) is fixed with a worm (33), and the worm (33) meshes with a worm wheel (32) that is coaxially fixed with one of the spools (31). The two spools (31) are driven by a synchronous pulley (37) and a synchronous belt (38).

Images