Coordinate measuring instrument and method for arranging sensors

Abstract

The invention provides a coordinate measuring instrument and a method for arranging sensors. The invention relates to a coordinate measuring device, comprising a sensor arranged on a measuring rod or a measuring system replacement interface, a support device, a holding device for the sensor arranged on the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface, and at least one supply interface arranged between the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface and the sensor, the at least one supply interface comprises a plug and a socket, wherein the plug and / or the socket are / is movably arranged on the measuring bar or the measuring system replacement interface and / or on the sensor. The invention also relates to a method for arranging a sensor on a measuring rod or a measuring system replacement interface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) comprising: a probe or measuring system replacement interface; a sensor disposed on the probe or measuring system replacement interface; a support device including at least one support seat disposed on the probe or measuring system replacement interface and at least one opposing support seat disposed on the sensor; a holding device for the sensor disposed on the probe or measuring system replacement interface; and at least one supply interface disposed between the probe or measuring system replacement interface and the sensor, wherein the at least one supply interface includes a plug and a socket. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method for arranging a sensor on the probe or repeatable measuring system replacement interface of the CMM, wherein the sensor is disposed on the support seat of the probe via the opposing support seat, generating at least one holding force for the sensor, and establishing contact between the plug and socket of the at least one supply interface. Background Technology

[0002] In practical applications, it is known that contact or non-contact tactile and non-tactile sensors are used to measure the dimensions of workpieces, and these sensors are fixed or detachably mounted on coordinate measuring machines.

[0003] Coordinate measuring instruments, as known from practical applications, consist of multiple movable axes that allow the sensor to move in space, thereby enabling the measurement of workpiece dimensions.

[0004] The term "sensor" includes measuring heads, rotary / oscillating joints, optical sensors, etc.

[0005] A tactile probe consists of a fixed part and a movable part. The fixed part is typically fixed to or detachably connected to the axis of a coordinate measuring machine (usually to a probe rod). The movable part is movable relative to the fixed part and carries a so-called probe, which is a long rod with a contact element (e.g., a ball, also known as a contact ball) fixed at one end. Other contact elements may be tips or ball disks. The other end of the probe is fixed to the movable part of the probe. When the contact element contacts the workpiece surface, the movable part displaces relative to the fixed part. When the displacement of the probe exceeds a predetermined value, a touch is detected on the workpiece.

[0006] In so-called measuring probes, there are also fixed and movable parts. The fixed part is fixedly or detachably connected to the axis of the coordinate measuring machine (usually the probe), while the movable part is movable relative to the fixed part. With the aid of a suitable measuring device, the displacement of the movable part relative to the fixed part can be continuously measured. In so-called switch-type probes, displacement is indicated only by an electrical switch signal. A reset force acts on the movable part of the probe, ensuring that the probe is in a defined position relative to the fixed part when no external force is applied to the probe.

[0007] In addition, prior art (DE 10 2004 010 083 B4) discloses a coordinate measuring instrument whose probe has an oscillating structure interconnected by spring parallelogram plates.

[0008] To meet as many different measurement tasks as possible, tactile or measuring probes have a mechanical interface into which different stylus configurations can be inserted or automatically changed.

[0009] The prior art (DE 10 2007 054 915 A1) also includes optical sensors that can be used for non-contact optical measurements.

[0010] To measure complex objects (such as engine blocks) using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM), not only are frequent changes to the probe configuration necessary, but also relatively frequent changes to the sensors (i.e., measuring heads, rotary / oscillating joints, or optical sensors). Sensors are typically mounted on the CMM's probe. Different measuring heads, sensors, or rotary / oscillating joints for different measurement tasks can be housed in what is known as a measuring head or sensor holding device. These measuring heads, sensors, or rotary / oscillating joints are typically changed fully automatically by the CMM depending on whether a specific measuring head, optical sensor, or rotary / oscillating joint needs to be changed for the specific measurement task, or they can be changed manually.

[0011] Coordinate measuring instruments known from practical applications (especially gantry-type coordinate measuring instruments) have a measuring rod, on which the sensor is detachably arranged and has a support for repeatable positioning.

[0012] Several implementations are also known in practical applications, in which a so-called measurement system replacement interface (also called an interface) is arranged on the measuring rod. Sensors (e.g., rotary / oscillating joints, measuring heads, or optical sensors) are detachably arranged on this measurement system replacement interface.

[0013] When a sensor is positioned on a measuring rod or measurement system replacement interface, mechanical contact is established on one hand through a repeatable support and holding device (e.g., a hook); on the other hand, contact is achieved through a supply interface. For example, the sensor is powered, or it is connected to the measurement system replacement interface or measuring rod via a data cable. Hydraulic or pneumatic interfaces can also be provided. Furthermore, optical sensors have optical interfaces, which can be contact or non-contact.

[0014] As is known in practical applications, contact at the supply interface is established during the process of clamping the sensor to the probe or measurement system replacement interface. Therefore, as is known in practical applications, the sensor is arranged on the probe or measurement system replacement interface with a so-called three-point support. This is achieved, for example, by clamping via a hook, while the plug on the sensor is inserted into a socket on the probe or measurement system replacement interface. The plug and socket can also be interchanged.

[0015] If the plug and socket are not properly engaged during sensor clamping, this can negatively impact the three-point support. Furthermore, the plug and socket can be damaged due to improper alignment; for example, the pins of an electrical or electronic plug may be bent.

[0016] Prior art (EP1706 703B1) also relates to a mounting device for a coordinate measuring instrument. According to this mounting device, a first holding force is generated by a magnet, while a second holding force required for measurement is generated by a clamping device. This mounting device is used for manually changing sensor devices. To establish, for example, electrical contact, pre-tightened resilient contact elements are provided, each pre-tightened with a specific pre-tightening force. The pre-tightening forces generated by all contact elements must overcome not only the gravity at the mounting location but also the force exerted by the contact elements against the corresponding contact surfaces of the second connecting element. A disadvantage of this prior art mounting device is that these pre-tightening forces are applied when arranging the sensor device on the measuring rod and must be overcome. Summary of the Invention

[0017] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a coordinate measuring instrument that avoids these drawbacks. Furthermore, a method for arranging a sensor on a measuring rod or a measurement system replacement interface will be provided, which reliably establishes contact at least one supply interface.

[0018] According to the coordinate measuring instrument of the present invention, it comprises: a sensor or an adapter for the sensor disposed on a measuring rod or a measuring system replacement interface; a support device comprising at least one support seat disposed on the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface and at least one opposing support seat disposed on the sensor or the adapter; a holding device for the sensor or the adapter disposed on the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface; and at least one supply interface disposed between the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface and the sensor or the adapter, wherein the at least one supply interface comprises a plug and a socket, characterized in that the plug or socket is movably disposed on the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface and / or on the sensor or the adapter.

[0019] The advantage of the coordinate measuring instrument of the present invention is that the connection of the sensor can be carried out as smoothly as possible.

[0020] The term "sensor" includes measuring heads, optical sensors, rotary / oscillating joints, or other measuring devices. Sensors may have adapters for mounting on measuring rods or measurement system replacement interfaces. The following description applies equally to sensors and adapters used with them, even when only the sensor is mentioned.

[0021] The measurement system replacement interface is the interface between the measuring rod and the sensor.

[0022] The sensor is preferably mounted on the measuring rod or measurement system replacement interface using a three-point support arrangement. For this purpose, three support bases are embedded in three opposing support bases, thus forming a six-point support. This enables repeatable and highly accurate positioning.

[0023] When a sensor is mounted on a probe or measurement system interchange, in addition to mechanical three-point support, at least one supply interface must be provided for the sensor. For example, tactile or measuring probes require at least one electronic data transmission line to the coordinate measuring machine. Optical sensors require an optical interface, which can be achieved, for example, by arranging optical fibers in a collar.

[0024] Sensors require interfaces for power supplies such as electrical, electronic, optical, pneumatic, and / or hydraulic power.

[0025] By establishing contact at the supply interface, forces other than the three-point support and holding forces will act on the sensor.

[0026] The following explanation uses an electrical interface as an example. An electrical interface includes a plug and a socket; the plug is inserted into the socket to form an electrical connection.

[0027] If the plug is tilted or the pins of the plug / socket are bent, the incorrect connection between the plug and the socket will generate additional force on the sensor when the sensor is installed. This may negatively affect the three-point support and may also damage the plug and socket.

[0028] In the coordinate measuring instrument of the present invention, the sensor is arranged on the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface, and a holding device for the sensor clamps the sensor. Since the plug and / or socket are movably arranged on the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface and / or the sensor, the plug and / or socket do not contact each other while clamping the sensor. Instead, contact between the plug and socket is achieved independently of the clamping of the sensor through the movement of the plug and / or socket.

[0029] Advantageously, the force used to move the plug and / or socket is less than the clamping force of the sensor, thereby enabling the sensor to be repeatedly and reproducibly positioned on the probe or measurement system replacement interface.

[0030] If a failure to establish contact is detected during the movement of the plug and / or socket, the coupling process between the plug and socket can be interrupted or terminated, thereby preventing damage to the plug and socket.

[0031] Using the coordinate measuring instrument of the present invention, the supply interface connection between the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface and the sensor can be made after the sensor is arranged on the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface and clamped. That is, the additional force for establishing at least one supply interface contact is preferably applied after the sensor is in the final position of the measurement operation.

[0032] The plug and / or socket are movably supported on the probe or measurement system replacement interface or sensor.

[0033] A particularly advantageous feature is that a holding force for the sensor is first generated on the probe, and the sensor is repeatedly positioned on the probe via a three-point support, followed by the movement of the plug and / or socket. The plug and / or socket are actively driven closer to each other. No elastic avoidance mechanism for the plug or socket is provided here.

[0034] The coordinate measuring instrument and method of the present invention are particularly suitable for scenarios where sensors can be replaced automatically, but sensors can also be replaced manually.

[0035] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a plug or socket is arranged on a probe or measuring system replacement interface, and the plug or socket is designed to be movable by pneumatic, electric and / or hydraulic means.

[0036] The following possibilities exist: the plug is located on the probe or measurement system replacement interface, and the socket is located on the sensor; or the plug is located on the sensor, and the socket is located on the probe or measurement system replacement interface.

[0037] The implementation of a movable plug or socket located on a probe or measurement system replacement interface has the following advantages: the means for moving the plug or socket is provided in or on the probe or measurement system replacement interface, which itself has a pneumatic, electric, or hydraulic interface.

[0038] According to another advantageous embodiment, a plug or socket is arranged on a piston, which is movably supported in a cylinder, and the cylinder can be loaded by compressed air.

[0039] The advantage of this implementation is that compressed air will not cause pollution in the event of a leak. By arranging the piston in the cylinder, the plug or socket can be moved precisely, thereby achieving repeatable and accurate positioning of the plug and socket.

[0040] According to another particularly preferred embodiment, a holding device for a sensor or adapter is provided, the holding device having a compressed air interface for generating a holding force for the sensor or adapter, and a compressed air interface for at least one supply interface, and the two compressed air interfaces are designed to be coupled to each other.

[0041] Advantageously, the holding force of the sensor is generated by compressed air. For example, the sensor is pulled into the support of the measuring rod or measuring system replacement interface via a hook arranged on the measuring rod or measuring system replacement interface. The holding force required for measurement is preferably generated by compressed air.

[0042] According to this advantageous embodiment, a compressed air interface is provided for at least one supply interface. The cylinder housing the piston is preferably loaded via compressed air. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, two compressed air interfaces are coupled together. The advantage of this embodiment is that contact between the supply interface and the plug / receptacle is established simultaneously when the holding force of the sensor is generated by the holding device. A separate compressed air interface is not required.

[0043] According to an alternative embodiment, a plug or socket is arranged in the sensor or adapter, and a motor for moving the plug or socket is provided in the sensor or adapter. According to this embodiment, the plug or socket is movable within the sensor. In this case, the corresponding component arranged in the probe or measurement system replacement interface can be designed to be fixed. However, it is also possible that both the plug and socket can be movable in both the sensor and the probe or measurement system replacement interface. That is, both the plug and socket are designed to be movable.

[0044] According to another advantageous embodiment, at least two force generating devices are arranged in or on the measurement system replacement interface, which act as at least two force generating devices acting on the holding device, wherein the first force generating device is designed as a spring and the second force generating device is designed as a pneumatic piston.

[0045] The advantage of this implementation is that the sensor can be automatically replaced. Furthermore, by generating a first holding force, the sensor is pre-positioned on the probe or measurement system replacement interface, ensuring proper engagement of the support and the opposing support, thereby reliably ensuring repeatable positioning of the sensor on the probe or measurement system replacement interface. The holding force required for measurement is generated by a second force generating device. The first force generating device is designed as a spring, and the second force generating device is designed as a pneumatic piston. The advantage of this coordinate measuring machine construction is that the spring can be space-savingly arranged in the probe or measurement system replacement interface, and the spring is lightweight. The second force generating device is preferably designed as a pneumatic piston, which can generate the holding force required for measurement in a simple manner. The weight of this device mainly consists of the weight of the valve and the sealing air chamber. These components are also very lightweight.

[0046] This implementation avoids situations where the sensor is not properly seated in the opposing support of the measuring rod or the measurement system replacement interface.

[0047] The support base can be designed as a sphere, and the opposing support base can be designed as a so-called V-shaped support base (e.g., composed of two cylinders). The opposing support base can also be designed as a flat support base, a V-shaped support base, or a triangular support base. During replacement, there is a possibility that the support base may not be precisely engaged with the opposing support base, thus compromising repeatability.

[0048] This can be avoided by an implementation with two holding forces. The first force is preferably applied by a first force generating device to preposition the support in the opposing support. Subsequently, the holding force required for measurement is preferably generated by a second force generating device (e.g., a pneumatic piston).

[0049] These two force-generating devices are preferably configured independently of each other. This means that the first and second force-generating devices can act on the holding device independently of each other.

[0050] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the retaining device is designed as a hook, such as a clamping hook.

[0051] The retaining device is advantageously positioned on or within the measuring rod or measurement system replacement interface. The hook-type implementation structure is mechanically very reliable.

[0052] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one sensor is provided for sensing the location of the sensor or adapter.

[0053] The advantage of this implementation is that it can automatically control the two force generating devices after recognizing that the sensor has been positioned as desired. The first force generating device, preferably designed as a pressure spring, can initially apply a small force, less than the holding force required for measurement, to position the support and the opposing support in their optimal relative positions. Subsequently, the holding force required for measurement can be applied via air pressure through the second force generating device after a delay.

[0054] The pressure spring prevents the sensor from accidentally detaching from the probe or the measurement system replacement interface in the event of a malfunction in the second force generating device. Advantageously, a sensing device is provided to detect such malfunctions. In this case, the operation of the coordinate measuring machine can be stopped.

[0055] Advantageously, the first force generating device, designed as a spring, functions as a force generating device at least during the positioning process of the sensor or adapter, while the second force generating device is designed as a device that generates a holding force after the sensor has been positioned.

[0056] The advantage of this particularly preferred embodiment is that the first force (i.e., the force generated by the first force generating device during sensor positioning) enables the support and the opposing support to be precisely positioned relative to each other. Subsequently, the second force generating device generates a second force, namely the sensor holding force required during the measurement process.

[0057] This ensures repeatable positioning over a long period.

[0058] The first force generating device advantageously functions during the sensor positioning process, and the second force generating device advantageously functions after the sensor is positioned (at least during the measurement process).

[0059] According to another advantageous embodiment, at least one device is provided for generating vibration to excite the sensor or adapter.

[0060] By generating vibration, the effect of accurately positioning the support in the opposing support when the first holding force is applied is enhanced. After this positioning, a second holding force is applied, which is maintained at least throughout the measurement process.

[0061] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the measurement system replacement interface is arranged on the measuring rod of the coordinate measuring instrument. The measurement system replacement interface can be detachably fixed to the measuring rod of the coordinate measuring instrument or at least partially disposed within the measuring rod.

[0062] The measurement system replacement interface is not replaceable in the usual sense (i.e., automatically replaced on the measuring rod), but is advantageously detachably fixed to the measuring rod of the coordinate measuring instrument or at least partially located within the measuring rod.

[0063] Structures that are at least partially located within the measuring rod have the advantage of expanding the measurement space of the coordinate measuring machine. If the measurement system replacement interface is located on the measuring rod but outside the measuring rod, the measurement space of the coordinate measuring machine will be reduced due to the structural height of the measurement system replacement interface.

[0064] Sensors (i.e., probes or optical sensors, for example) may also be arranged on or at least partially within the measuring rod. Sensors (i.e., probes or optical sensors) may also be arranged on or at least partially within the measurement system changeover interface.

[0065] If the sensor is at least partially located within the measuring rod or the measurement system replacement interface, space can be saved and the measurement space of the coordinate measuring machine can be expanded.

[0066] The present invention relates to a method for arranging a sensor or adapter on a measuring rod of a coordinate measuring instrument or a repeatable measurement system replacement interface, wherein the sensor or adapter is arranged on a support of the measuring rod or measurement system replacement interface via opposing supports, generating at least one retaining force for the sensor or adapter, and wherein contact is established between a plug and a socket of at least one supply interface, characterized in that, after the opposing supports of the sensor or adapter are arranged in the support of the measuring rod or measurement system replacement interface, the plug and / or socket of at least one supply interface is moved.

[0067] The advantage of the method of the present invention is that the sensor is arranged in the support of the probe or measurement system replacement interface via an opposing support, and a holding force is generated for the sensor, allowing the sensor to be repeatedly arranged in the support of the probe or measurement system replacement interface. Subsequently, the plug and / or socket of at least one supply interface is moved to establish contact between the plug and socket. The advantage of the present invention is that the support of the sensor on or in the probe or measurement system replacement interface is not affected by the formation of contact at the supply interface. Contact at the supply interface is achieved under a force preferably less than the sensor holding force, thereby avoiding potential damage to the socket or plug if the plug and socket are not properly engaged when establishing contact between the sensor and the probe or measurement system replacement interface.

[0068] The force exerted by the individual movement of the plug and / or socket is minimal, even if the plug and socket are not properly engaged, thus preventing damage or serious harm to the plug and socket. If improper engagement of the plug and socket is detected, the contact establishment process at the supply interface can also be interrupted.

[0069] According to an advantageous embodiment of the method of the invention, after the opposing support of the sensor or adapter is arranged in the support of the probe or measurement system replacement interface, at least one holding force for the sensor or adapter is generated, and the plug or socket is moved to establish contact between the socket and the plug while or after the generation of at least one holding force.

[0070] Advantageously, the sensor is first positioned in a support of the probe or measurement system replacement interface via an opposing support, and a holding force is generated for the sensor. Then, simultaneously or subsequently, the plug or socket is moved to establish contact between the plug and socket.

[0071] As mentioned earlier, this avoids undesirable forces on the sensor's support on the probe or measurement system replacement interface caused by contact established between the plug and socket. It also prevents damage to the plug and / or socket in case of a malfunction.

[0072] In another advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the piston carrying the plug or socket is placed in a stationary position, the sensor or adapter is arranged in the support of the probe or measurement system replacement interface via the opposing support, a first force is applied to the holding device for the sensor or adapter to establish contact between the support and the opposing support, a second holding force for the sensor or adapter is subsequently generated, and the plug or socket is moved and contact is established between the plug and the socket simultaneously or after the generation of the second holding force for the sensor or adapter.

[0073] The advantage of this advantageous embodiment of the method of the present invention lies in the sequential (i.e., sequential) generation of two different forces acting on the holding device. A first force is used to position the support in the opposing support, thereby bringing at least one support and at least one opposing support into contact and / or pre-clamping. A second force is applied to clamp the sensor onto the probe or measurement system replacement interface, or at least partially clamp it within the probe or measurement system replacement interface.

[0074] This enables high-precision support and repeatable support.

[0075] One key advantage is that this method can be executed fully automatically.

[0076] According to another advantageous embodiment of the method, the first holding force is generated by a spring, the second holding force is generated pneumatically, and the movement of the plug or socket is performed pneumatically.

[0077] The spring is lightweight and generates a holding force to ensure the sensor is pre-positioned. The second holding force required for measurement is preferably generated pneumatically, thus enabling the holding force required for sensor measurement to be generated in a simple manner.

[0078] According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the movement of the plug or socket is also performed pneumatically. This allows the pressure interface for generating the second holding force to be coupled with the pressure interface for moving the plug or socket, thereby simultaneously generating both the second holding force and the force for plug coupling. Furthermore, an additional compressed air interface is unnecessary.

[0079] According to another advantageous embodiment of the method of the invention, in addition to the first force, a second force also acts on the holding device.

[0080] This ensures that the sensor is always held in place by the holding force. The force that ultimately clamps the sensor is preferably greater than the force applied during pre-positioning, so it is advantageous that both forces act on the holding device during measurement.

[0081] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first force is less than the second force. The first force should be relatively small. The magnitude of this force should be sufficient to pre-position the support in the opposing support without producing a clamping effect. If clamping occurs too early, the rapid release of the first force may cause the force transmission to complete abruptly. At this point, the positioning elements of the support and the opposing support may fail to reach their final positions due to friction or other reasons. This can lead to positioning errors and affect measurement results.

[0082] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the pushing force for establishing a connection between the plug and the socket is less than the holding force for maintaining the sensor during measurement.

[0083] Advantageously, the pushing force for establishing the connection between the plug and the socket is at most 10% of the holding force acting on the sensor during measurement, preferably 5% or less.

[0084] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least two supply interfaces are provided, and the plug and socket of each supply interface can contact simultaneously or sequentially.

[0085] In principle, a single supply interface containing multiple supply lines (e.g., electrical and / or electronic and / or pneumatic supply lines) can be provided. Alternatively, multiple independent supply interfaces can be provided. For example, electrical and electronic circuitry can be housed in one supply interface, while a separate supply interface can be provided for the pneumatic supply to the sensor. If multiple supply interfaces exist, they can contact simultaneously or sequentially.

[0086] According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the plug or socket is moved to an end position on the sensor or adapter, or to a stop position on the probe or measurement system replacement interface.

[0087] According to this advantageous embodiment, the final position of the plug in the socket has an endpoint, which is preferably located on the sensor, or as a stop on the probe or measurement system replacement interface.

[0088] Another advantageous embodiment of the method of the present invention specifies that, during or after the generation of the first force, the sensor or adapter is moved at least once by a third force. This force may cause the sensor or adapter to shake or vibrate, thereby bringing the support and the opposing support to a predetermined relative position.

[0089] The third force is preferably generated within the support plane, that is, within the plane where the support seat and the opposing support seat meet.

[0090] To release the sensor or adapter from the measuring rod or measurement system replacement interface of the coordinate measuring machine, it is advantageous to simultaneously release the holding force of the sensor or adapter as well as the holding force of the plug and socket.

[0091] If the sensor needs to be replaced with another sensor, not only must the holding force of the sensor be released, but the holding force of at least one of the plugs and sockets of the supply interface must also be released.

[0092] In principle, the contact between the plug and socket of at least one supply interface can also be automatically released when the connection between the sensor and the measuring rod or the measuring system interface is loosened.

[0093] The advantage of the coordinate measuring instrument and method of the present invention is that the wear of the contacts at at least one supply interface is less than that of supply interfaces in the prior art. Since the contact is established not by the holding force of the sensor, but by the holding force acting on the plug and socket, wear is reduced.

[0094] Furthermore, the coordinate measuring instrument and method of the present invention have the advantage that at least one of the contacts of the supply interface can have a larger tolerance.

[0095] Furthermore, incorrect connections can be avoided. If the sensor is pulled into the support by holding force and a direct contact is established between the plug and socket of at least one supply interface, it may cause damage to the pins, such as bending, which could trigger a customer's warranty or retroactive claim.

[0096] Another advantage is greater design flexibility. For example, pins can be designed as rectangular (if they are more cost-effective than round pins). Tolerances can be greater.

[0097] If multiple supply interfaces are provided, unnecessary supply interfaces can be avoided when replacing a specific sensor. For example, optical sensors do not require a pneumatic interface, so this pneumatic interface does not need to be connected when replacing an optical sensor.

[0098] Only the necessary contacts can be established. Attached Figure Description

[0099] Other features and advantages of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which only exemplarily show different embodiments of the coordinate measuring instrument of the invention and do not limit the invention to these embodiments. In the drawings:

[0100] Figure 1 A 3D view of a gantry coordinate measuring machine;

[0101] Figure 2 For a measuring rod (partial longitudinal section) with a measurement system replacement interface, probe, and probe holder;

[0102] Figure 3 A side view of the retaining device in the open state;

[0103] Figure 4 This is a longitudinal section view of the three-point support;

[0104] Figure 5This is a top view showing the three-point support.

[0105] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view of the corresponding component of the three-point support;

[0106] Figure 7 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of a probe embodiment with a rotating / swinging joint and a probe head;

[0107] Figure 8 To maintain the longitudinal section view of the device;

[0108] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A partial longitudinal section view;

[0109] Figure 10 Longitudinal cross-sectional view of the retaining device in the open state;

[0110] Figure 11 Longitudinal cross-sectional view of a measurement system with a probe installed, showing the replacement of the interface.

[0111] List of reference numerals

[0112] 1. Coordinate measuring instrument

[0113] 2. Workpiece stage

[0114] 3 Gantry Frame

[0115] 4. Crossbeam

[0116] 5 sliders

[0117] 6. Measuring rod

[0118] 7 sensors (probes)

[0119] 8 probes

[0120] 9 workpieces

[0121] 10 rulers

[0122] 11 Scale

[0123] 12 scales

[0124] 13 Gantry frame supports

[0125] 14 Gantry frame supports

[0126] 15 Computers

[0127] 16 hooks

[0128] 17 Three-point support

[0129] 18 Stylus holder

[0130] 19 Touch sensors

[0131] 20 Three-point support

[0132] 21 First Device

[0133] 22 Compression Spring

[0134] 23 Second Device

[0135] 24 Pistons

[0136] 25 Compressible air-loaded chamber

[0137] 26. (This last part is a fragment and doesn't translate directly.)

[0138] 27. Stabilizing Selling

[0139] 28 screws

[0140] 29 Compressed air interface

[0141] 30 Reassuring Selling

[0142] 31 Seals

[0143] 32 Seals

[0144] 33 Seals

[0145] 34 Cover plate

[0146] 35 Three-point support plane

[0147] 36 Opposing support seats

[0148] 37 Support seat

[0149] 38 cylinders

[0150] 39. Reception Department

[0151] 40 sensors

[0152] 42. Measuring system interface replacement

[0153] 46 Holding device

[0154] 49. Protective devices

[0155] 51 Measurement System Replacement Interface Inner Surface

[0156] 52 Rotation / Oscillating Joints

[0157] 53 Rotation / Swing Joint Adapter

[0158] 54 sales

[0159] 55 Supply Interface

[0160] 56 sockets

[0161] 57. Reception Department

[0162] 58 pistons

[0163] 59 Shoulders

[0164] 60 grooves

[0165] 61 Spring

[0166] 62 plug

[0167] 63 Insert contact point

[0168] 64 Insert contact points

[0169] 65 Compressed air interface

[0170] 66 holes

[0171] 67 Compressed air interface

[0172] 68 O-ring

[0173] 69 chambers

[0174] 70 holes

[0175] 71 Pins

[0176] 72 O-ring

[0177] 73 sphere

[0178] 74. Reception Department

[0179] Arrow A

[0180] Arrow B

[0181] C arrow Detailed Implementation

[0182] Figure 1 A gantry coordinate measuring machine 1 is shown, comprising a workpiece stage 2 and a gantry frame 3. The gantry frame 3 has a crossbeam 4. A slider 5 is arranged on the crossbeam 4, and a measuring rod 6 is arranged on the slider 5. The gantry frame 3 is movable in the X direction, the slider 5 is movable in the Y direction, and the measuring rod 6 is movable in the Z direction. A sensor, serving as a probe 7, is arranged on the measuring rod 6, which carries a probe 8. A workpiece 9 is placed on the measuring stage 2 of the coordinate measuring machine.

[0183] A scale 10 is arranged on the measuring platform 2, a scale 11 is arranged on the crossbeam 4, and a scale 12 is arranged on the measuring rod 6. The position of the probe 8 can be detected by a corresponding displacement measurement system (not shown). The gantry 3 has gantry legs 13 and 14, which are movably arranged on the measuring platform 2. The measured values ​​are collected and processed by a computer 15 (which also includes a control unit).

[0184] In principle, the gantry 3 can also be fixed, while the workpiece table and the workpiece move relative to the gantry. Furthermore, it is known to arrange a rotary table on the workpiece table 2, for example.

[0185] Figure 2 The probe 6 is shown in schematic. A measurement system replacement interface 42 and a probe 7 are arranged within the probe 6. The probe 7 is fixed to the probe 6 by a hook 16 that can swing in the Y direction and move in the Z direction, via a three-point support 17. A stylus holder 18 is arranged on the probe 7, which carries the stylus 8 with a contact element 19. The stylus holder 18 is also detachably fixed to the probe 7 by a three-point support 20. Figure 2 The holding device for the probe holder 18 is not shown in the figure.

[0186] Figure 2 The measurement system replacement interface 42 is shown only schematically. The measurement system replacement interface 42 has a retaining device 46 for a hook 16, which is used for an adapter for a sensor, probe, or rotary / oscillating joint 52 (not shown). A three-point support 17 is also arranged on the measurement system replacement interface 42.

[0187] The measurement system replacement interface 42 is at least partially located inside the measuring rod 6 and is secured to the measuring rod 6 by screws 28. After loosening screws 28, the measurement system replacement interface 42 can be removed from the measuring rod 6.

[0188] To prevent the probe 7 from being damaged by contact with the inner wall of the measurement system replacement interface 42 during replacement, a protective device 49, for example made of plastic, is provided. The protective device 49... Figure 2 The middle section has a planar structure and is arranged as segments on the inner surface 51 of the measurement system replacement interface 42 in this embodiment. The protective device 49 may also have a larger diameter than the measuring rod 6 in the longitudinal axis direction. Figure 2 The larger axial extension length shown can be constructed in segments (at least one segment) or continuously.

[0189] The measurement system replacement interface 42 contains a sensor 40, which is used to detect whether the probe 7 is in a certain position. Figure 2 The position shown (i.e., the position where hook 16 can be locked (clamped)).

[0190] After detecting that the probe 7 is in the locked position, the hook 16 moves from the position shown by the dashed line to the position shown by the shaded line.

[0191] Locking steps in Figure 3 The explanation is as follows.

[0192] Figure 3 A retaining device for the measurement system replacement interface 46 is shown, with its hook 16 hooking behind the plate of the adapter for the sensor, probe 7, or rotation / oscillation joint 52 (not shown). The hook 16 acts with a first force via a first device 21 (composed of a pressure spring 22) in a component force opposite to the direction A shown, thereby securing the probe 7 (… Figure 3 The second device 23 (consisting of a pneumatic piston 24) applies a second holding force along a component force opposite to that shown in direction A, which additionally acts on the measuring rod 7 (not shown) during the measurement. The piston 24 is movably arranged in a chamber 25 that can be loaded with compressed air, which enters and exits through an interface 29. When compressed air is introduced into the chamber 25, the piston 24 is pushed to... Figure 3 At the position shown, hook 16 finally clamps probe 7. Figure 3 (Not shown).

[0193] Figure 3 Centering pin 30 is shown in the figure. A second centering pin (not shown) is also typically provided to allow the probe 7 ( Figure 3 (Not shown) Enters the predetermined position, thereby arranging Figures 4 to 6 The support base and the opposing support base are described in detail.

[0194] In addition, seals 31, 32, and 33 are provided to externally seal the chamber 25, allowing the piston 24 to move within the chamber via compressed air. Compressed air can be introduced into the piston 24 from above, causing it to move in the direction of arrow A, compressing the pressure spring and causing the hook 16 to swing in the direction of arrow B, thereby releasing the probe 7. Figure 3 (Not shown).

[0195] If the pneumatic system 23 malfunctions, the pressure spring 22 of the first device 21 will still hold the hook 16 in place. Figure 3 The position shown prevents probe 7 ( Figure 3 (Not shown) It detached on its own.

[0196] The measurement system replacement interface 42 has a cover plate 34 that closes the area above the devices 21 and 23 along the direction of the measuring rod (not shown).

[0197] When sensor 40 ( Figure 2 When the probe 7 is detected to be in the clamping position of the hook 16, the first step activates the first device 21 (compression spring 22), causing a first holding force to act on the hook 16. This holding force is designed to... Figures 4 to 6The support and the opposing support are correctly engaged. If the support and the opposing support are not precisely engaged at the initial positioning, the holding force is only sufficient to bring them to the correct final relative position. Subsequently, a second holding force is automatically applied via the second device 23. Compressed air is introduced into the piston 24, causing it to move in the opposite direction to arrow A, ultimately clamping the probe 7.

[0198] The clamping of the probe 7 means that the retaining force required for measurement is applied to the probe 7 by the hook 16, so that the probe 7 will not come out of the support when subjected to the external force of the test.

[0199] The procedure for releasing probe 7 is the reverse. Compressed air is introduced into piston 24, causing it to move in the direction of arrow A. Compressed air is introduced into the piston 24 side in the direction of the probe rod (not shown) for this purpose.

[0200] By introducing compressed air into the side of piston 24 opposite to the spring direction, piston 24 moves in the direction of arrow A. Piston 24 thus overcomes the spring force and compresses spring 22.

[0201] Subsequently, spring 22 releases hook 16, causing it to move in the direction of arrow B. Figure 2 The position indicated by the dashed line.

[0202] If the second force generating device 23 malfunctions, the spring 22 will push the piston 24 upwards in the opposite direction of the arrow. This ensures that the hook 16 will not open, and the probe 7 ( Figure 3 (Not shown) will not fall off accidentally.

[0203] Figure 4 The diagram details the plane 35 with three-point support between the probe 6 and the probe 7. The three-point support consists of a support base 37 and an opposing support base 36, both designed as spheres or spherical caps. Additionally, centering pins 26 and 27 are provided, which serve two purposes: firstly, to pre-center the probe 7 during insertion; and secondly, to prevent incorrect insertion of the probe 7 (i.e., to prevent rotational insertion) when the centering pins 26 and 27 are asymmetrically designed.

[0204] Figure 5 The three-point support 17 is shown in a top view. Figure 5 The measuring rod 6 has three support seats 37. Each support seat 37 has two cylinders 38 and a hook 16.

[0205] Figure 6 The probe 7 is shown, in which three hemispheres 36 are arranged. When the probe 7 is mounted on the probe rod 6, the hemispheres 36 contact the cylinder 38 at a total of six points. This achieves repeatable and high-precision support. The probe 7 has a receiving portion 39 for the hook 16.

[0206] Figure 7The measuring rod 6 and the measurement system replacement interface 42 disposed therein are shown. The measurement system replacement interface 42 contains an adapter 53 for a rotary / oscillating joint 52. Figure 2 The probe 7 shown is different; the adapter 53 for the rotary / oscillating joint 52 is arranged in the measurement system replacement interface 42. The rotary / oscillating joint 52 is equipped with the probe 7, which is detachably mounted with a probe 8 having a contact ball 19. The probe 8 can oscillate to the position shown by the dashed line.

[0207] The adapter 53 of the rotary / swing joint 52 is reproducibly arranged in the measurement system replacement interface 42 via hook 16 and three-point support 17. A protective device 49 protects the adapter 53 from damage during replacement.

[0208] The measurement system replacement interface 42 is located inside the measuring rod 6 and is fixed to the measuring rod 6 by screws 28. After loosening screws 28, the measurement system replacement interface 42 can be removed from the measuring rod 6.

[0209] Figure 8 The measurement system replacement interface 42 is shown, including a pressure spring 22, a piston 24, and a chamber 25 that can be loaded with compressed air. The piston 24 is in the upper position (i.e., compressed air is not supplied to the chamber 25), at which point the spring force of the spring 22 is activated. The piston 24 moves upward, pressing the hook 16 against the pin 54. Figure 8 The closed position is shown.

[0210] In addition, a supply interface 55 is provided, which includes a socket 56. The socket 56 has receiving portions 57 and 74 for connecting to the sensor 7 ( Figure 8 Plug (not shown) Figure 8 (Not shown) Joining.

[0211] Figure 9 The supply interface 55 is shown in detail (the receiving parts 57 and 74 are only schematically drawn).

[0212] The supply interface 55 is provided with a piston 58, which has an annular shoulder 59. This shoulder is located within a groove 60. A spring 61, which serves as a pressure spring, is also arranged in the groove 60.

[0213] The spring force of the pressure spring 61 pushes the piston 58 to a stationary position in the direction of arrow C. The figure only schematically shows the plug 62 with insertion contact points 63 and 64. This plug 62 is located on the probe 7 ( Figure 9 (Not shown)

[0214] Supply interface 55 is provided with compressed air interface 65. This compressed air interface supplies air to probe 7, and the compressed air is guided through orifice 66. Another compressed air interface 67 (sealed by O-ring 68) introduces air into chamber 69. When compressed air is supplied to compressed air interface 67, piston 58 is pushed downward in the opposite direction to arrow C, causing receptacles 57, 74 to contact and establish connection with insertion contacts 63, 64. Furthermore, orifice 66 communicates with orifice 70, thereby providing a compressed air interface to probe via plug 62. Insertion contacts 63, 64 form electrical or electronic contact with pins 71 in the receptacle of socket 56.

[0215] Figure 10 The hook 16 of the measurement system replacement interface 42 is shown in the open position. The piston 24 moves in the direction of arrow D. The pin 54 releases the hook 16, allowing it to swing upwards.

[0216] The supply interface 55 and its sockets 56 and 57 are only schematically drawn.

[0217] exist Figure 10 In the middle, piston 58 is in the upper end position (i.e., the supply port is in the stationary position). O-ring 72 is used to seal the compressed air port.

[0218] Figure 11 The measurement system replacement interface 42 is shown, including a piston 24, a pressure spring 22, a hook 16, and a supply interface 55. The probe 7 is mounted on the measurement system replacement interface 42, with the hook 16 in a closed position and held closed by a pin 54. The hook 16 engages the ball 73 of the probe 7, thereby securing the probe 7 to the measurement system replacement interface 42.

[0219] To allow the probe 7 to be installed onto the measurement system replacement interface 42, a supply interface 55 is provided, such as... Figure 9 As shown.

[0220] The probe 7 is mounted on the measurement system replacement interface 42, and the support 37 and the opposing support 36 (which is designed as a spherical cap structure) enter into contact. Subsequently, as... Figure 9 As shown, compressed air is applied to chamber 69. Piston 58 moves in the opposite direction to arrow C, causing sockets 57 and 74 and the hole 66 of the compressed air interface to make contact with the insertion contact points 63 and 64 of plug 62.

[0221] Since the supply interface 55 is not connected to the plug 62 by the holding force of the probe 7, damage to the pins 71 or sockets 57, 74 at the contact points 63, 64 is avoided, because the force acting on the piston 58 is significantly less than the holding force of the probe 7.

Claims

1. A coordinate measuring instrument, comprising: a sensor or an adapter for the sensor disposed on a measuring rod or a measuring system replacement interface; a support device including at least one support seat disposed on the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface and at least one opposing support seat disposed on the sensor or the adapter; a holding device for the sensor or the adapter disposed on the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface; and at least one supply interface disposed between the measuring rod or the measuring system replacement interface and the sensor or the adapter, wherein, The at least one supply interface includes a plug and a socket. The plug (62) and / or the socket (56, 57) are movably arranged on the probe (6) or the measurement system replacement interface (42) and / or on the sensor (7) or the adapter (53).

2. The coordinate measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plug (62) or the socket (56, 57) is disposed on the probe (6) or the measurement system replacement interface (42), and the plug (62) or the socket (56, 57) is designed to be movable by pneumatic, electric and / or hydraulic means.

3. The coordinate measuring instrument according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The plug (62) or the socket (56, 57) is arranged on the piston (58), and the piston (58) is movably supported in a cylinder, which is designed to be loaded by compressed air.

4. The coordinate measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that, A retaining device (16) is provided for the sensor (7) or the adapter (53), and the retaining device (16) has a compressed air interface for generating a retaining force for the sensor (7) or the adapter (53), and a compressed air interface (67) is provided for the at least one supply interface (55), and the two compressed air interfaces are designed to be coupled to each other.

5. The coordinate measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plug (62) or the socket (56, 57) is arranged in the sensor (7) or the adapter (53), and at least one motor for moving the plug (62) or the socket (56, 57) is provided in the sensor (7) or the adapter (53).

6. The coordinate measuring instrument according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, At least two force generating devices (21, 23) are arranged in or on the measurement system replacement interface (42), the force generating devices (21, 23) being designed to act on the holding device (16), wherein the first force generating device (21) is designed as a spring (22) and the second force generating device (23) is designed as a pneumatic piston (24).

7. The coordinate measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first force generating device (21), designed as a spring (22), is designed to be a force generating device (21) at least during the positioning process of the sensor (7) or the adapter (53), while the second force generating device (23) is designed to be a device (23) that generates a holding force after the sensor (7) or the adapter (53) is positioned.

8. The coordinate measuring instrument according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, At least one device is provided for generating vibrations to excite the sensor (7).

9. A method for arranging a sensor or adapter on the measuring rod of a coordinate measuring instrument or on a changeover interface of a repeatable measuring system, wherein, The sensor or the adapter is arranged on the support of the probe or the measurement system replacement interface via opposing support seats, generating at least one retaining force for the sensor or the adapter, and wherein contact is established between the plug and socket of at least one supply interface. The feature is that, after the opposing support (36) of the sensor (7) or the adapter (53) is arranged in the support (37) of the measuring rod (6) or the measuring system replacement interface (42), the plug (62) and / or the socket (56, 57) of the at least one supply interface (55) are moved.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, After the opposing support (36) of the sensor (7) or the adapter (53) is arranged in the support (37) of the probe (6) or the measurement system replacement interface (42), at least one holding force is generated for the sensor (7) or the adapter (53), and the plug (62) or the socket (56, 57) is moved at the same time as or after the generation of the at least one holding force, and contact is established between the socket (56, 57) and the plug (62).

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The piston (58) carrying the plug (62) or the socket (56, 57) is placed in a stationary position. The sensor (7) or the adapter (53) is arranged in the support (37) of the probe (6) or the measurement system replacement interface (42) via the opposing support (36). A first force is applied to the holding device (16) for the sensor (7) or the adapter (53) to establish contact between the support (37) and the opposing support (36). Subsequently, a second holding force is generated for the sensor (7) or the adapter (53). At the same time or after the generation of the second holding force for the sensor (7) or the adapter (53), the plug (62) or the socket (56, 57) is moved, and contact is established between the plug (62) and the socket (56, 57).

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first holding force is generated by at least one spring (22), and the second holding force is generated pneumatically, and the movement of the plug (62) or the socket (56, 57) is pneumatically performed.

13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that, At least two supply interfaces (55) are provided, and the plugs (62) and sockets (56, 57) of the supply interfaces (55) can contact simultaneously or sequentially.

14. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that, The plug (62) or the socket (56, 57) moves to the end position on the sensor (7) or the adapter (53), or moves to the stop position on the probe (6) or the measurement system replacement interface (42).

15. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, By generating the first force, the sensor (7) or the adapter (53) is prepositioned in its final position.

16. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that, In addition to the first force, the second force also acts on the holding device (16).

17. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that, The first force is less than the second force.

18. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that, During or after the generation of the first force, the sensor (7) or the adapter (53) is moved at least once by a third force.

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