Deep sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device and method based on pressure self-maintaining mechanism
By using compression rings and sealing rings to enhance the sealing performance of the deep-sea sampling device, and by utilizing the high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank to balance the pressure with the seawater, the problem of sample contamination caused by the deformation of the sealing components was solved, achieving pressure self-sustaining and pure sample retention in deep-sea sampling.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
During deep-sea sampling, the seals of conventional sampling devices are prone to deformation or gaps under pressure differentials, leading to sample contamination by seawater from other depths.
The sealing between the collection hopper and the inner wall of the sampling cylinder is enhanced by using a compression ring and a sealing ring. The high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank is balanced with the seawater pressure to form a pressure self-maintaining mechanism. The opening and closing of the sealing disc is controlled by an electric push rod to achieve dynamic adjustment and sealing of the pressure inside and outside the sampling cylinder.
It effectively prevents samples from leaking from the side wall of the collection hopper, reduces sample contamination by seawater from other depths, and ensures the integrity and purity of the samples under in-situ pressure in the deep sea.
Smart Images
Figure CN121783604A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep-sea sampling technology, and more specifically, to a deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device and method based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism. Background Technology
[0002] Deep-sea sampling refers to the technical means of collecting water, sediment, organisms, rocks, and other samples in marine areas with a depth of more than 200 meters. It is a core link in deep-sea resource exploration, environmental monitoring, and geological and life science research. Deep-sea water contains key indicators such as dissolved nutrients, heavy metals, microorganisms, and isotopes, which require stratified and precise sampling.
[0003] According to existing technology, sampling equipment is required for deep-sea sampling. The sampling tube of conventional sampling devices is mostly a passive structure that is sealed but has no pressure regulation. In the deep-sea environment, the pressure inside and outside the sampling tube is in a state of equilibrium. However, when the device is raised to the sea surface, the external water pressure drops sharply as the water depth decreases. Since there is no medium inside the sampling tube to replenish the pressure, when the pressure difference inside and outside the sampling tube gradually increases, the seal is prone to slight deformation or gaps. Seawater from other depths will enter the sampling tube, resulting in the problem of contamination of the sample inside the tube. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism. It strengthens the seal between the collection hopper and the inner wall of the sampling cylinder by installing a compression ring and a sealing ring between them, preventing sample leakage from the side wall of the collection hopper. The device utilizes the pressure balance between seawater pressure and the high-pressure gas in the storage tank to form a pressure self-sustaining mechanism. This reduces the deformation and gaps in the sealing components due to pressure differences, thereby reducing the risk of sample contamination from contact with seawater at other depths within the sampling cylinder. This solves the problem mentioned in the background art: when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the sampling cylinder gradually increases, the sealing components are prone to slight deformation or gaps, allowing seawater from other depths to enter the sampling cylinder and contaminate the sample inside.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device and method based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism includes a sampling cylinder, a gas storage tank, and a collection device. The gas storage tank is located directly above the sampling cylinder and contains high-pressure gas. Two connecting pipes are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the gas storage tank and the sampling cylinder, and electric valves are fixedly connected to the surfaces of both connecting pipes. The collection device is located inside the sampling cylinder and includes two collection hoppers threadedly connected to the inside of the sampling cylinder. Multiple fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the inside of the sampling cylinder near the two collection hoppers. Electric push rods are fixedly connected to the inside of the fixing blocks. Two sealing discs are inserted inside the sampling cylinder, and the sidewalls of the sealing discs are fixedly connected to the sidewalls of the multiple electric push rods. The gas storage tank is equipped with an adjustment device, which includes two water baffles that are slidably connected to the inside of the gas storage tank. The water baffles are used to physically isolate high-pressure gas and seawater. The surfaces of the two electric valves are provided with protective devices, which include a main cover and a secondary cover fitted over the surfaces of the two electric valves. The main cover and the secondary cover are used to block external mechanical impacts.
[0006] In the above technical solution, the surface of the sealing disc is fitted with a main sealing ring, the main sealing ring is located on one side of the collecting hopper, the surface of the collecting hopper is fixedly connected with a compression ring, the surface of the collecting hopper is fitted with a sealing ring, the sealing ring is located between the sampling cylinder and the compression ring, the inside of the sampling cylinder is fixedly connected with two fixing frames, the surface of the two fixing frames is fixedly connected with a main controller, and the main controller is electrically connected to the surface of multiple electric push rods.
[0007] Secondly, a partition plate is fixedly connected inside the gas storage tank, and water inlet pipes are fixedly connected to both sides of the gas storage tank. A secondary sealing ring is fitted on the surface of the water baffle plate. Two gas filling pipes are fixedly connected to the surface of the gas storage tank. Two lifting rings are fixedly connected to the surface of the gas storage tank. A sleeve is threadedly connected to the surface of the water inlet pipe. A filter screen is fixedly connected inside the sleeve. Multiple main filter discs are inserted inside the sleeve.
[0008] Furthermore, based on the above, two support frames are fixedly connected inside the main cover, and a secondary controller is fixedly connected to the surface of the two support frames. The surface of the secondary controller is electrically connected to the surface of the main controller. A pressure sensor is provided inside the sampling cylinder, and the surface of the main controller is electrically connected to the surface of the pressure sensor. A through pipe is fixedly connected to the surface of both the main cover and the secondary cover. Multiple secondary filter discs are inserted inside the through pipe. Clamping discs are provided on both sides of the through pipe. Multiple mounting bolts are threadedly connected to the two clamping discs and the inside of the through pipe.
[0009] This invention also provides a method for using a deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The device is hoisted and lowered to the target deep-sea sampling area using the lifting rings on the surface of the gas storage tank; seawater enters the chambers on both sides of the gas storage tank through the inlet pipe, and the filter screen and main filter disc filter impurities in the seawater; the seawater pressure pushes the baffle plate to slide towards the middle of the gas storage tank, squeezing the high-pressure gas inside until the gas pressure inside the gas storage tank is consistent with the external deep-sea in-situ pressure, thus achieving pressure self-maintaining pre-equilibrium. Step 2: Send a command through the main controller to open the electric valve on the connecting pipe, allowing the high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank to enter the sampling cylinder after balancing, ensuring that the pressure inside the sampling cylinder is consistent with the external deep-sea pressure; control the electric push rod to retract, driving the sealing plate to open, and the deep-sea water sample or sediment enters the collection hopper under the action of pressure difference; Step 3: After sample collection is completed, the electric push rod is extended by the main controller to push the sealing plate to close. The main sealing ring is tightly attached to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder to achieve the sealing of the collection hopper. Immediately close the electric valve to cut off the passage between the gas storage tank and the sampling cylinder. At this time, the pressure in the sampling cylinder is locked by the sealing structure. The water baffle in the gas storage tank can adaptively adjust with external pressure fluctuations to ensure the overall pressure of the device is stable.
[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism, a compression ring and a sealing ring are installed between the collection hopper and the sampling cylinder to enhance the sealing performance between the inner wall of the collection hopper and the sampling cylinder, preventing sample leakage from the side wall of the collection hopper. A main sealing ring is fitted on the surface of the sealing disc, which can achieve high-pressure sealing of the opening of the collection hopper when the sealing disc is closed by the electric push rod, blocking the pressure and material exchange between the inside and outside of the sampling cylinder. The gas storage tank contains high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas is physically isolated from the seawater through a water baffle and a secondary sealing ring. Seawater is introduced through the water inlet pipe, and the pressure balance between the seawater pressure and the high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank is used to form a pressure self-sustaining mechanism. This reduces the deformation and gaps of the sealing components used in the device due to pressure differences, thereby reducing the possibility of sample contamination due to contact with seawater of other depths in the sampling cylinder. Attached Figure Description
[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the sampling cylinder in this invention; Figure 3 In this invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 4 This is a side view of the sampling cylinder in this invention. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the gas storage tank in this invention. Figure 6 In this invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary brush structure of the main cover in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the protective device in this invention.
[0012] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Sampling cylinder; 2. Gas storage tank; 3. Connecting pipe; 4. Collection device; 41. Collection hopper; 42. Fixing block; 43. Electric push rod; 44. Sealing disc; 45. Main sealing ring; 46. Compression ring; 47. Sealing ring; 48. Fixing frame; 49. Main controller; 5. Electric valve; 6. Adjusting device; 61. Partition plate; 62. Water baffle plate; 63. Water inlet pipe; 64. Secondary sealing ring; 65. Gas filling pipe; 66. Lifting ring; 67. Sleeve; 68. Filter screen; 69. Main filter disc; 7. Protective device; 71. Main cover; 72. Secondary cover; 73. Support frame; 74. Secondary controller; 75. Through pipe; 76. Secondary filter disc; 77. Clamping plate; 78. Mounting bolt. Detailed Implementation
[0013] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.
[0014] Since there is no medium inside the sampling tube to replenish the pressure, when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the sampling tube gradually increases, the seal is prone to slight deformation or gaps, and seawater from other depths will enter the sampling tube, thus causing the sample inside the tube to be contaminated.
[0015] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device and method based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism, referring to... Figures 1-3 As shown, it includes a sampling cylinder 1, a gas storage tank 2, and a collection device 4. The gas storage tank 2 is located directly above the sampling cylinder 1. The gas storage tank 2 contains high-pressure gas. Two connecting pipes 3 are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the gas storage tank 2 and the sampling cylinder 1. Electric valves 5 are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the two connecting pipes 3. The high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank 2 can quickly act on the sampling cylinder 1 through the connecting pipes 3, providing a stable power source for subsequent pressure self-maintenance. At the same time, the electric valves 5 control the gas flow, ensuring the controllability of pressure regulation, avoiding pressure changes that could affect sample integrity, and also reducing the deformation of the seals when pressure changes occur. The collection device 4 is installed inside the sampling tube 1. The collection device 4 includes two collection hoppers 41 that are threadedly connected to the inside of the sampling tube 1. The threaded connection allows for easy disassembly and assembly of the collection hoppers 41, facilitating rapid sample extraction after sampling. Several fixing blocks 42 are fixedly connected to the inside of the sampling tube 1 near the two collection hoppers 41. An electric push rod 43 is fixedly connected inside the fixing block 42. Two sealing discs 44 are inserted inside the sampling tube 1. The side walls of the sealing discs 44 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the multiple electric push rods 43. The opening and closing of the sealing discs 44 is driven by the electric push rods 43, realizing automated control of the sampling process without manual intervention. This is suitable for unattended sampling scenarios in the deep sea, reducing operational difficulty and safety risks. A main sealing ring 45 is fitted on the surface of the sealing disc 44. The main sealing ring 45 is located on one side of the collecting hopper 41. The main sealing ring 45 can enhance the fit and sealing between the sealing disc 44 and the collecting hopper 41, realize the high-pressure sealing of the opening of the collecting hopper 41, and effectively block the pressure and material exchange inside and outside the sampling cylinder 1. A compression ring 46 is fixedly connected to the surface of the collecting hopper 41. A sealing ring 47 is fitted on the surface of the collecting hopper 41. The sealing ring 47 is located between the sampling cylinder 1 and the compression ring 46. The compression ring 46 can further compact the sealing ring 47 and improve the sealing effect between the collecting hopper 41 and the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 1. The sampling cylinder 1 has two fixed brackets 48 inside, and a main controller 49 is fixedly connected to the surface of the two fixed brackets 48. The main controller 49 is electrically connected to the surface of multiple electric push rods 43. The main controller 49 can centrally control the electric push rods 43, and can work with the subsequent pressure monitoring components to achieve dynamic pressure adjustment and coordinated linkage of sampling action, improve the overall control accuracy of the device, and ensure the synchronization of the sampling process and pressure maintenance.
[0016] refer to Figures 4-6 As shown, the gas storage tank 2 is equipped with an adjustment device 6 inside. The adjustment device 6 provides the core guarantee for the pressure self-maintaining mechanism, which can dynamically adapt to the pressure changes in the deep sea and ensure pressure stability during the sampling process. The adjustment device 6 includes two water baffles 62 that are slidably connected to the inside of the gas storage tank 2. The water baffles 62 are used to physically isolate the high-pressure gas and seawater. The sliding connection design allows the water baffles 62 to move flexibly with pressure changes, realizing dynamic isolation between the high-pressure gas and seawater. A partition 61 is fixedly connected inside the gas storage tank 2. The partition 61 divides the inside of the gas storage tank 2 into two independent pressure adjustment chambers, so that the adjustment actions of the two water baffles 62 do not interfere with each other. Both sides of the gas storage tank 2 are fixedly connected to water inlet pipes 63. The design of the double-sided water inlet pipes 63 can realize the rapid and uniform introduction of seawater, providing sufficient seawater medium for the pressure balance adjustment of the water baffle 62. The surface of the water baffle 62 is fitted with a secondary sealing ring 64, which can enhance the sealing performance between the water baffle 62 and the inner wall of the gas storage tank 2, further blocking the penetration channel between high-pressure gas and seawater. Two gas filling pipes 65 are fixedly connected to the surface of the gas storage tank 2. The gas filling pipes 65 facilitate the subsequent replenishment of high-pressure gas into the gas storage tank 2. Two lifting rings 66 are fixedly connected to the surface of the gas storage tank 2. The lifting rings 66 provide convenient leverage points for the hoisting, lowering and recovery of the gas storage tank 2 and even the entire device. The surface of the water inlet pipe 63 is threaded with a sleeve 67. The threaded connection facilitates quick disassembly and assembly of the sleeve 67 and makes subsequent maintenance convenient. A filter screen 68 is fixedly connected inside the sleeve 67. Multiple main filter discs 69 are inserted inside the sleeve 67. The filter screen 68 and the multiple main filter discs 69 form a multi-stage filtration structure, which effectively filters impurities such as silt and plankton in seawater.
[0017] refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the surfaces of the two electric valves 5 are provided with protective devices 7. The protective devices 7 provide targeted protection for the core control component, the electric valves 5. The protective devices 7 include a main cover 71 and a secondary cover 72 that are fitted onto the surfaces of the two electric valves 5. The main cover 71 and the secondary cover 72 are used to block external mechanical collisions. The main cover 71 and the secondary cover 72 can improve the protection strength, which can not only resist the mechanical impact that may be encountered in deep-sea operations, but also isolate the impact of ocean currents and sediment abrasion, effectively reducing the probability of electric valve 5 failure. The main cover 71 has two fixedly connected support frames 73 inside. The surfaces of the two support frames 73 are fixedly connected to the secondary controller 74. The support frames 73 can provide installation support for the secondary controller 74. The surface of the secondary controller 74 is electrically connected to the surface of the main controller 49. The sampling cylinder 1 is equipped with a pressure sensor. The surface of the main controller 49 is electrically connected to the surface of the pressure sensor. The multi-controller linkage and pressure sensing feedback design can realize the real-time transmission of pressure signals and the coordinated response of control commands. When the pressure sensor detects an abnormal pressure in the sampling cylinder 1, the state of the electric valve 5 can be quickly adjusted through the linkage of the main controller 49 and the secondary controller 74 to ensure the regulation of the pressure self-maintaining mechanism. Both the main cover 71 and the secondary cover 72 are fixedly connected to a through pipe 75. The through pipe 75 allows the inside of the cover to communicate with the seawater, preventing pressure imbalance caused by pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cover. Multiple secondary filter discs 76 are inserted inside the through pipe 75. The secondary filter discs 76 can effectively filter seawater impurities, microorganisms, etc. that enter the through pipe 75. Both sides of the through pipe 75 are equipped with clamps 77. Multiple mounting bolts 78 are threadedly connected to the two clamps 77 and the inside of the through pipe 75. The double fixing method of threaded connection and clamp 77 fixation ensures the firmness of the installation of the secondary filter discs 76 and facilitates the subsequent disassembly, cleaning or replacement of the secondary filter discs 76.
[0018] This embodiment also discloses a method for using a deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism, including the following steps: Step 1: The device is hoisted and lowered to the target deep-sea sampling area using the lifting ring 66 on the surface of the gas storage tank 2; seawater enters the two side chambers of the gas storage tank 2 through the water inlet pipe 63, and the filter screen 68 and the main filter plate 69 filter impurities in the seawater; the seawater pressure pushes the water baffle plate 62 to slide towards the middle of the gas storage tank 2, squeezing the high-pressure gas inside until the gas pressure inside the gas storage tank 2 is consistent with the external deep-sea in-situ pressure, thus achieving pressure self-maintaining pre-equilibrium; Step 2: Send a command through the main controller 49 to open the electric valve 5 on the connecting pipe 3, so that the high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank 2 after balance enters the sampling cylinder 1, ensuring that the pressure in the sampling cylinder 1 is consistent with the external deep-sea pressure; control the electric push rod 43 to retract, drive the sealing plate 44 to open, and the deep-sea water sample or sediment enters the collection hopper 41 under the action of pressure difference; Step 3: After sample collection is completed, the electric push rod 43 is extended by the main controller 49 to push the sealing plate 44 to close, and the main sealing ring 45 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 1 to achieve the sealing of the collection hopper 41; the electric valve 5 is immediately closed to cut off the passage between the gas storage tank 2 and the sampling cylinder 1. At this time, the pressure inside the sampling cylinder 1 is locked by the sealing structure, and the water baffle 62 inside the gas storage tank 2 can adaptively fine-tune according to the external pressure fluctuation to ensure the overall pressure stability of the device.
[0019] Working principle of the invention: The entire device is hoisted and lowered to the target deep-sea sampling area using the lifting ring 66 on the surface of the gas storage tank 2. Before lowering, high-pressure gas at a preset pressure is injected into the gas storage tank 2 through the gas filling pipe 65. At this time, the partition plate 61 inside the gas storage tank 2 divides the chamber into two independent spaces. The water baffle plate 62 is in its initial position under the action of the high-pressure gas. The secondary sealing ring 64 strengthens the sealing between the water baffle plate 62 and the inner wall of the gas storage tank 2, realizing the physical isolation of the high-pressure gas from the outside. After the device reaches the sampling depth, the passage corresponding to the water inlet pipe 63 is opened, and the seawater is filtered through the sleeve 67 outside the water inlet pipe 63. The filter screen 68 and the multi-stage main filter disc 69 first filter out impurities such as mud and plankton in the seawater to prevent impurities from entering the gas storage tank 2. The filtered seawater enters the gas storage tank 2 and contacts one side of the baffle plate 62. The baffle plate 62 slides along the inner wall of the gas storage tank 2 as the seawater pressure changes. Through the dynamic balance of the pressure of high-pressure gas and seawater, the pressure of the sampling tube 1 is maintained, laying the foundation for the subsequent pressure maintenance. Before sampling, the main controller 49 and the auxiliary controller 74 work together to monitor the internal pressure of the sampling cylinder 1 in real time through the pressure sensor inside the sampling cylinder 1, and compare the data with the pressure inside the gas storage tank 2 and the deep-sea in-situ pressure. If the pressure inside the sampling cylinder 1 is lower than the in-situ pressure, the main controller 49 sends a command to open the electric valve 5 on the surface of the connecting pipe 3. The high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank 2 enters the sampling cylinder 1 through the connecting pipe 3 until the pressure inside the sampling cylinder 1 is consistent with the deep-sea in-situ pressure. Then the electric valve 5 closes. At this time, the main cover 71 and the auxiliary cover 72 of the protection device 7 protect the electric valve 5 to prevent it from being malfunctioned due to ocean current impact or mechanical collision. After pressure equalization, the main controller 49 sends a command to the electric push rod 43, which drives the sealing disc 44 to move away from the collection hopper 41. The opening of the collection hopper 41 opens, allowing the deep-sea sample (water, sediment, etc.) to enter the collection hopper 41. After sampling is completed, the electric push rod 43 drives the sealing disc 44 to reset, and the main sealing ring 45 on the surface of the sealing disc 44 tightly fits the opening of the collection hopper 41, achieving a primary seal for the collection hopper 41. At the same time, the compression ring 46 on the surface of the collection hopper 41 compacts the sealing ring 47, so that the sealing ring 47 tightly fills the gap between the collection hopper 41 and the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 1, forming a secondary seal. The double sealing structure effectively blocks the exchange of substances and pressure inside and outside the sampling cylinder 1, preventing sample leakage or external contamination. After the sampling and sealing are completed, the pressure sensor continuously monitors the pressure inside the sampling cylinder 1. If pressure fluctuations occur, the main controller 49 and the auxiliary controller 74 work together to quickly adjust the opening and closing state of the electric valve 5. The pressure is dynamically maintained by replenishing the high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank 2, ensuring that the sample is always in the deep-sea in-situ pressure environment. This also reduces the possibility of damage to the seal due to pressure difference and reduces the possibility of sample leakage or contamination.
[0020] After all the collection buckets 41 have been sampled, the entire device will be hoisted and recovered. During the recovery process, the through pipe 75 of the protection device 7 ensures the pressure balance inside and outside the shroud. The auxiliary filter disc 76 inside the through pipe 75 filters seawater impurities that enter the shroud, preventing damage to core components such as the auxiliary controller 74 and the electric valve 5. After recovery, the collection hopper 41 can be disassembled via threaded connection to obtain deep-sea samples under pressure. At the same time, the sleeve 67 and the clamp 77 of the through pipe 75 can be easily disassembled to clean or replace the filter screen 68, main filter disc 69, and auxiliary filter disc 76 for subsequent reuse.
Claims
1. A deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism, comprising a sampling cylinder (1), a gas storage tank (2), and a collection device (4), characterized in that: The gas storage tank (2) is located directly above the sampling cylinder (1). The gas storage tank (2) contains high-pressure gas. Two connecting pipes (3) are fixedly connected to the surface of the gas storage tank (2) and the sampling cylinder (1). Electric valves (5) are fixedly connected to the surface of the two connecting pipes (3). The collection device (4) is located inside the sampling cylinder (1). The collection device (4) includes two collection hoppers (41) that are threadedly connected to the inside of the sampling cylinder (1). Multiple fixing blocks (42) are fixedly connected to the inside of the sampling cylinder (1) near the two collection hoppers (41). Electric push rods (43) are fixedly connected to the inside of the fixing blocks (42). Two sealing discs (44) are inserted inside the sampling cylinder (1). The side wall of the sealing discs (44) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the multiple electric push rods (43). The gas storage tank (2) is equipped with an adjustment device (6) inside. The adjustment device (6) includes two water baffles (62) that are slidably connected to the inside of the gas storage tank (2). The water baffles (62) are used to physically isolate high-pressure gas and seawater. The surfaces of the two electric valves (5) are provided with protective devices (7), which include a main cover (71) and a secondary cover (72) fitted onto the surfaces of the two electric valves (5). The main cover (71) and the secondary cover (72) are used to block external mechanical collisions.
2. The deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the sealing disc (44) is fitted with a main sealing ring (45), which is located on one side of the collecting hopper (41).
3. The deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A compression ring (46) is fixedly connected to the surface of the collection hopper (41), and a sealing ring (47) is fitted on the surface of the collection hopper (41). The sealing ring (47) is located between the sampling cylinder (1) and the compression ring (46).
4. The deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling tube (1) is internally fixedly connected to two fixing frames (48), and the surfaces of the two fixing frames (48) are fixedly connected to a main controller (49). The main controller (49) and multiple electric push rods (43) are electrically connected to each other.
5. The deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage tank (2) is fixedly connected to a partition plate (61), and water inlet pipes (63) are fixedly connected to both sides of the gas storage tank (2). A secondary sealing ring (64) is fitted on the surface of the water baffle plate (62).
6. The deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two gas filling pipes (65) are fixedly connected to the surface of the gas storage tank (2), and two lifting rings (66) are fixedly connected to the surface of the gas storage tank (2).
7. The deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the water inlet pipe (63) is threaded with a sleeve (67), and a filter screen (68) is fixedly connected inside the sleeve (67). Multiple main filter discs (69) are inserted inside the sleeve (67).
8. The deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main cover (71) has two fixedly connected support frames (73) inside. The surfaces of the two support frames (73) are fixedly connected to a secondary controller (74). The surface of the secondary controller (74) is electrically connected to the surface of the main controller (49). The sampling cylinder (1) is equipped with a pressure sensor inside. The surface of the main controller (49) is electrically connected to the surface of the pressure sensor.
9. The deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on a pressure self-sustaining mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces of the main cover (71) and the secondary cover (72) are fixedly connected with a through pipe (75). Multiple secondary filter discs (76) are inserted inside the through pipe (75). Clamping discs (77) are provided on both sides of the through pipe (75). Multiple mounting bolts (78) are threadedly connected to the two clamping discs (77) and the through pipe (75).
10. A method of using the deep-sea in-situ pressure-maintaining sampling device based on the pressure self-sustaining mechanism described in claims 1-7, characterized in that: The methods and steps include the following: Step 1: The device is hoisted and lowered to the target deep-sea sampling area using the lifting ring (66) on the surface of the gas storage tank (2); seawater enters the two chambers on both sides of the gas storage tank (2) through the water inlet pipe (63), and the filter screen (68) and the main filter plate (69) filter impurities in the seawater; the seawater pressure pushes the baffle plate (62) to slide towards the middle of the gas storage tank (2), squeezing the high-pressure gas inside until the gas pressure inside the gas storage tank (2) is consistent with the external deep-sea in-situ pressure, thus achieving pressure self-maintaining pre-equilibrium; Step 2: Send a command through the main controller (49) to open the electric valve (5) on the connecting pipe (3) so that the high-pressure gas in the gas storage tank (2) after balance enters the sampling tube (1) to ensure that the pressure in the sampling tube (1) is consistent with the external deep-sea pressure; control the electric push rod (43) to retract, drive the sealing plate (44) to open, and the deep-sea water sample or sediment enters the collection hopper (41) under the action of pressure difference. Step 3: After the sample collection is completed, the electric push rod (43) is extended by the main controller (49) to push the sealing plate (44) to close. The main sealing ring (45) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder (1) to achieve the sealing of the collection hopper (41). Immediately close the electric valve (5) to cut off the passage between the gas storage tank (2) and the sampling cylinder (1). At this time, the pressure inside the sampling cylinder (1) is locked by the sealing structure. The water baffle (62) inside the gas storage tank (2) can be adaptively fine-tuned according to the external pressure fluctuation to ensure the overall device pressure is stable.