Two-channel atmospheric sample sampling device and method based on three-dimensional wind speed and wind direction

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of environmental monitoring, and relates to a two-channel atmospheric sample sampling device and method based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction, and the device comprises a three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit which is used for measuring the three-dimensional wind speed component of the atmosphere in real time; the multi-channel sampling unit comprises at least two high-speed electromagnetic valves, each high-speed electromagnetic valve is communicated with a sample collector, and the sample collectors are used for collecting atmosphere samples which are controlled by different high-speed electromagnetic valves to be switched on and off and correspond to different airflow conditions; the power and flow control unit is used for providing pumping power for the device and controlling and monitoring the volume flow of the sampled gas; and the central control and data processing unit is used for receiving and processing the three-dimensional wind speed data and generating a control instruction based on a preset three-dimensional wind speed and wind direction threshold value. The problems that in the prior art, an atmosphere sampling device is incomplete in sampling dimension, a triggering mechanism is delayed, and parallel sampling cannot be achieved are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental monitoring technology, and in particular relates to a dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device and method based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization in my country, regional complex air pollution problems are becoming increasingly prominent, making precise source tracing and effective control an urgent need for current environmental governance. The concentration and transport processes of air pollutants, especially volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and their secondary products (such as ozone and fine particulate matter), are highly dependent on meteorological conditions, particularly wind field structure. Therefore, the technology of collecting atmospheric samples based on wind speed and direction information is crucial for analyzing pollution sources, assessing transport fluxes, and even formulating precise emission reduction strategies.

[0003] In the existing technology, typical atmospheric sample collection devices are mostly based on two-dimensional horizontal wind direction information (such as 16 or 32 azimuth) for sampling triggering. Such devices usually include wind direction sensors, control units and multi-channel sampling systems. The working principle is: when the wind direction falls into a certain preset azimuth range, the control unit opens the corresponding valve and guides the gas to the sampling container corresponding to that azimuth. This method has the following inherent defects: (1) Incomplete sampling dimension: vertical wind speed is completely ignored, and it cannot be applied to scenarios that require quantification of vertical flux (such as soil-atmosphere exchange, dry deposition). (2) Delayed triggering mechanism: low response frequency, usually based on the statistical average value of wind direction or a long time threshold for triggering, which cannot be synchronized with high-frequency turbulence (requires ≥50 Hz), resulting in the inability to accurately capture instantaneous turbulence events, causing time errors and flux underestimation. (3) Serialized sampling mode: only samples under one azimuth or one airflow condition can be collected at the same time, and the instantaneous correspondence between samples under different airflow conditions cannot be obtained, which limits the spatial correlation of data and the accuracy of flux calculation. (4) Low integration: poor coordination of components, lack of intelligent monitoring and feedback, and large dead volume of pipelines that are prone to cross-contamination.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a multi-channel atmospheric sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those in this technical field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction, thereby solving the problems of incomplete sampling dimensions, delayed triggering mechanisms, and inability to perform parallel sampling in existing atmospheric sampling devices. In addition, this invention also provides a dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling method based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction, comprising: A three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit is used to measure the three-dimensional wind speed components of the atmosphere in real time; a multi-channel sampling unit includes at least two high-speed solenoid valves, each of which is connected to a sample collector for collecting atmospheric samples corresponding to different airflow conditions, controlled by different high-speed solenoid valves; a power and flow control unit is used to provide pumping power to the device and to control and monitor the volumetric flow rate of the sampled gas; a central control and data processing unit is used to receive and process three-dimensional wind speed data and generate control commands based on preset three-dimensional wind speed and direction thresholds; the three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit, the multi-channel sampling unit, and the power and flow control unit are respectively connected to the central control and data processing unit, and the power and flow control unit is also connected to the multi-channel sampling unit.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a human-computer interaction unit, which is connected to the central control and data processing unit and is used to set sampling parameters, display the real-time status of the system, and export stored data.

[0008] Furthermore, the three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit adopts an integrated three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer with a sampling frequency of not less than 50Hz.

[0009] Furthermore, the multi-channel sampling unit also includes a rainproof and dustproof air inlet or a particulate cutter, which is located at the air inlet end and is used to pre-process the gas to be collected.

[0010] Furthermore, the response time of the high-speed solenoid valve does not exceed 10 milliseconds.

[0011] Furthermore, the power and flow control unit includes a vacuum pump and a mass flow controller.

[0012] Furthermore, the central control and data processing unit is an embedded microprocessor.

[0013] Furthermore, the human-computer interaction unit is a touch LCD screen.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides a dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling method based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction, comprising the following steps: S10. The device is powered on, the central control and data processing unit performs a self-test, and the operator sets the sampling parameters through the touch LCD screen of the human-machine interaction unit. S20. The three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit collects three-dimensional wind speed component data and sends it to the central control and data processing unit. S30. The central control and data processing unit synchronously compares the collected three-dimensional wind speed component data with the sampling parameters set in S10, and generates corresponding control commands based on the comparison results. S40. The central control and data processing unit sends the control command generated in S30 to the corresponding high-speed solenoid valve to control its opening and closing. At the same time, the mass flow controller continues to work to maintain the set flow rate and draws the gas into the activated sample collector to realize synchronous and alternating sampling of multiple channels. S50. The central control and data processing unit records all process data and stops sampling after the preset termination conditions are met.

[0015] Furthermore, in S10, the sampling parameters include wind speed and direction thresholds, total sampling duration, and sampling flow rate value.

[0016] The dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device and method based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction provided by this invention has at least the following advantages compared with the prior art: Existing atmospheric sampling devices suffer from incomplete sampling dimensions, delayed triggering mechanisms, and inability to perform parallel sampling. This invention addresses these issues by combining a three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit (providing a high-frequency signal ≥50Hz) with a central control and data processing unit. This solves the problems of incomplete sampling dimensions and inability to respond to vertical airflow motion in existing technologies, enabling the device to sense and respond to three-dimensional atmospheric motion. Furthermore, the combination of the central control and data processing unit (millisecond-level logic judgment) and the high-speed solenoid valves (≤10ms response) in the multi-channel sampling unit solves the problem of delayed triggering mechanisms in existing technologies, preventing real-time capture of high-frequency turbulence events and achieving precise synchronization between sampling and turbulence. Finally, the combination of multiple independent solenoid valves and sample collectors in the multi-channel sampling unit, along with configurable trigger thresholds in the central control and data processing unit, overcomes the limitations of existing technologies in terms of single functionality and adaptability. Addressing the issues of insufficient scalability and serialized sampling modes that prevent the capture of instantaneous spatial correlations, this design not only allows users to flexibly set sampling logic but, more importantly, achieves dual-channel parallel synchronous sampling. This ensures that samples used for comparative analysis have temporal consistency, laying the foundation for accurate flux calculation. The combination of the mass flow controller, central control and data processing unit, and human-machine interface in the power and flow control unit integrates real-time flow control, automatic data recording and storage, and human-machine interaction. This solves the problems of low integration and inherent technical defects in existing technologies that affect data quality. It achieves precise control of sampling flow, fully automated operation, and data traceability, significantly improving the reliability of the device and data quality. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the solution of the present invention, a brief introduction will be given to the drawings used in the description of the embodiments below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A gas path diagram of a dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A flowchart of a dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling method based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure labels: 10-3D ultrasonic anemometer; 20-high-speed solenoid valve; 30-sample collector; 40-vacuum pump. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. For example, terms such as “length,” “width,” “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “front,” “rear,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer” indicate orientations or positions based on the orientations or positions shown in the accompanying drawings and are for ease of description only, and should not be construed as limiting the technical solution.

[0020] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order. In the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention, when an element is referred to as "fixed to," "mounted to," "disposed of," or "connected to" another element, it may be directly or indirectly located on that other element. For example, when an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it may be directly or indirectly connected to that other element.

[0021] Furthermore, the reference to "embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0022] This invention provides a dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction, which is applied in atmospheric environment monitoring. The dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction includes: The system includes a three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit for real-time measurement of the three-dimensional wind speed components of the atmosphere; a multi-channel sampling unit comprising at least two high-speed solenoid valves, each connected to a sample collector for collecting atmospheric samples corresponding to different airflow conditions, controlled by different high-speed solenoid valves; a power and flow control unit for providing pumping power to the device and controlling and monitoring the volumetric flow rate of the sampled gas; and a central control and data processing unit for receiving and processing three-dimensional wind speed data and generating control commands based on preset three-dimensional wind speed and direction thresholds. The three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit, the multi-channel sampling unit, and the power and flow control unit are all connected to the central control and data processing unit, and the power and flow control unit is also connected to the multi-channel sampling unit.

[0023] This invention effectively solves the problems of incomplete sampling dimensions, delayed triggering mechanisms, and inability to perform parallel sampling in existing atmospheric sampling devices.

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] This invention provides a dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction, which is applied in the process of atmospheric environment monitoring, combined with... Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction includes: The system includes a three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit for real-time measurement of the three-dimensional wind speed components of the atmosphere; a multi-channel sampling unit comprising at least two high-speed solenoid valves 20, each connected to a sample collector 30 for collecting atmospheric samples corresponding to different airflow conditions, controlled by different high-speed solenoid valves 20; a power and flow control unit for providing pumping power to the device and controlling and monitoring the volumetric flow rate of the sampled gas; a central control and data processing unit for receiving and processing three-dimensional wind speed data and generating control commands based on preset three-dimensional wind speed and direction thresholds; and a human-machine interface unit for setting sampling parameters, displaying the real-time status of the system, and exporting stored data. The three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit is connected to the central control and data processing unit via a data cable. The central control and data processing unit is connected to the high-speed solenoid valves 20 in the multi-channel sampling unit and the mass flow controller in the power and flow control unit via control cables. The power and flow control unit is connected to the multi-channel sampling unit via a gas pipeline.

[0026] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit adopts an integrated three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer 10, model CSAT3A. The sampling frequency of this anemometer is not less than 50Hz, which can accurately capture transient turbulence signals and transmit the data to the central control and data processing unit in real time.

[0027] In some other embodiments, the integrated three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer 10 can also be other models, as long as the sampling frequency is not less than 50Hz.

[0028] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the multi-channel sampling unit includes a rainproof and dustproof air inlet (not shown in the figure), a particulate cutter (not shown in the figure), two high-speed solenoid valves 20, and two sample collectors 30. The rainproof and dustproof air inlet or the particulate cutter is used to remove raindrops, dust, and large-diameter particles (such as PM2.5) before the gas enters the gas path. 2.5 Interference from the above. The two high-speed solenoid valves 20 have a response time ≤10 milliseconds, and their bodies are made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The high-speed solenoid valves 20 receive commands from the central control unit to quickly switch gas paths, achieving precise control of sample flow direction. The two sample collectors 30 are Tedlar gas bags or adsorption tubes, each connected to the outlet of a different high-speed solenoid valve 20. They are used to collect atmospheric samples under different airflow conditions (such as rising and falling airflows), and can also be connected to online instruments.

[0029] In some other embodiments, the high-speed solenoid valve 20 may also be made of other materials, such as perfluoroalkoxy resin (PFA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), etc.

[0030] In other embodiments, the sample collector 30 may also be a Teflon (FEP) gas bag, a polyester (PET) bag, a polyethylene (PE) bag, a Summa canister, or other online monitoring equipment.

[0031] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the power and flow control unit includes a vacuum pump 40 and a mass flow controller (MFC, not shown in the figure). The vacuum pump 40 is an oil-free diaphragm pump used to provide stable pumping power for the entire device. The mass flow controller (MFC) is located before the vacuum pump 40 and is used to accurately control and monitor the volumetric flow rate of the sampled gas in real time, and calibrate it to a standard state to ensure the accuracy of the sampled volume.

[0032] In other embodiments, the vacuum pump 40 may also be a rotary vane fan, a side duct fan, a liquid ring pump, etc.

[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the central control and data processing unit is the core of the device, and an embedded microprocessor is used as the main control chip. This unit is used to run real-time control algorithms. The specific functions include: receiving and processing high-frequency raw data sent by the three-dimensional wind speed sensing unit, generating control commands according to the set wind speed and direction thresholds, independently controlling the opening and closing of each high-speed solenoid valve 20, and recording all operating parameters such as timestamps, wind speed data, solenoid valve status, and flow data.

[0034] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the human-computer interaction unit adopts a touch LCD screen, which facilitates the operation of the device by staff to complete the atmospheric sample sampling work.

[0035] This invention also provides a method for a dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction, as described in the above embodiments, combined with... Figures 1 to 3 In this embodiment, the sampling method of the dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction includes the following steps: S10. The device is powered on, the central control and data processing unit performs a self-test, and the operator sets the sampling parameters through the touch LCD screen of the human-machine interaction unit. Specifically, in this embodiment, the sampling parameters include wind speed and direction thresholds, total sampling duration, and sampling flow rate.

[0036] S20, the three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit collects three-dimensional wind speed component data and sends it to the central control and data processing unit.

[0037] S30, the central control and data processing unit synchronously compares the collected three-dimensional wind speed component data with the sampling parameters set in S10, and generates corresponding control commands based on the comparison results.

[0038] S40: The central control and data processing unit sends the control commands generated in S30 to the corresponding high-speed solenoid valves to control their opening and closing. At the same time, the mass flow controller continues to work to maintain the set flow rate, drawing gas into the activated sample collector to achieve synchronous and alternating sampling of multiple channels.

[0039] S50: The central control and data processing unit records all process data and stops sampling after the preset termination conditions are met.

[0040] In other embodiments, the sampling method of the dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction can also be an offline analysis method, without real-time airflow switching. It continuously collects all gases by using an ultra-high-speed, large-capacity sample buffer, and simultaneously records the original time series of three-dimensional wind speed. Subsequently, based on the recorded wind speed data, "virtual samples" corresponding to different airflow conditions are extracted from the buffer data for chemical analysis.

[0041] The dual-channel atmospheric sampling device and method based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction described in the above embodiments, compared with the prior art, suffers from problems such as incomplete sampling dimensions, delayed triggering mechanisms, and inability to perform parallel sampling. This invention solves the problems of incomplete sampling dimensions and inability to respond to vertical airflow motion in the prior art by combining a three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit (providing a high-frequency signal ≥50Hz) with a central control and data processing unit, enabling the device to sense and respond to the three-dimensional motion of the atmosphere. The combination of the central control and data processing unit (millisecond-level logic judgment) and the high-speed solenoid valves (≤10ms response) in the multi-channel sampling unit solves the problem of delayed triggering mechanisms and inability to capture high-frequency turbulence events in real time, achieving precise synchronization between sampling and turbulence. Furthermore, the combination of multiple independent solenoid valves and sample collectors in the multi-channel sampling unit, along with the configurable trigger thresholds in the central control and data processing unit, solves the problems of limited functionality, adaptability, and other limitations in the prior art. Addressing the issues of insufficient scalability and serialized sampling modes that prevent the capture of instantaneous spatial correlations, this design not only allows users to flexibly set sampling logic but, more importantly, achieves dual-channel parallel synchronous sampling. This ensures that samples used for comparative analysis have temporal consistency, laying the foundation for accurate flux calculation. The combination of the mass flow controller, central control and data processing unit, and human-machine interface in the power and flow control unit integrates real-time flow control, automatic data recording and storage, and human-machine interaction. This solves the problems of low integration and inherent technical defects in existing technologies that affect data quality. It achieves precise control of sampling flow, fully automated operation, and data traceability, significantly improving the reliability of the device and data quality.

[0042] Obviously, the embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, but do not limit the scope of the patent. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms; rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing specific embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made using the content of this specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly within the scope of patent protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction, characterized in that, include: A three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit is used to measure the three-dimensional wind speed components of the atmosphere in real time. A multi-channel sampling unit includes at least two high-speed solenoid valves, each of which is connected to a sample collector for collecting atmospheric samples corresponding to different airflow conditions, which are controlled by different high-speed solenoid valves. A power and flow control unit is used to provide pumping power to the device and to control and monitor the volumetric flow rate of the sampled gas; The central control and data processing unit is used to receive and process three-dimensional wind speed data and generate control commands based on preset three-dimensional wind speed and direction thresholds. The three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit, the multi-channel sampling unit, and the power and flow control unit are respectively connected to the central control and data processing unit, and the power and flow control unit is also connected to the multi-channel sampling unit.

2. The dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a human-computer interaction unit, which is connected to the central control and data processing unit and is used to set sampling parameters, display the real-time status of the system, and export stored data.

3. The dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit adopts an integrated three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer with a sampling frequency of not less than 50Hz.

4. The dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-channel sampling unit also includes a rainproof and dustproof air inlet or a particulate cutter, which is located at the air inlet end and is used to pre-process the gas to be collected.

5. The dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The response time of the high-speed solenoid valve is no more than 10 milliseconds.

6. The dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power and flow control unit includes a vacuum pump and a mass flow controller.

7. The dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control and data processing unit is an embedded microprocessor.

8. The dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction according to claim 1, wherein the human-computer interaction unit is a touch LCD screen.

9. A method for using a dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10. The device is powered on, the central control and data processing unit performs a self-test, and the operator sets the sampling parameters through the touch LCD screen of the human-machine interaction unit. S20. The three-dimensional wind speed and direction sensing unit collects three-dimensional wind speed component data and sends it to the central control and data processing unit. S30. The central control and data processing unit synchronously compares the collected three-dimensional wind speed component data with the sampling parameters set in S10, and generates corresponding control commands based on the comparison results. S40. The central control and data processing unit sends the control command generated in S30 to the corresponding high-speed solenoid valve to control its opening and closing. At the same time, the mass flow controller continues to work to maintain the set flow rate and draws the gas into the activated sample collector to realize synchronous and alternating sampling of multiple channels. S50. The central control and data processing unit records all process data and stops sampling after the preset termination conditions are met.

10. The method of the dual-channel atmospheric sample sampling device based on three-dimensional wind speed and direction according to claim 9, characterized in that, In S10, the sampling parameters include wind speed and direction thresholds, total sampling duration, and sampling flow rate.

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