Device and method for simultaneously realizing low-cycle repeated loading test under action of axial tension and pressure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering and structural engineering, and particularly discloses a low-cycle repeated loading test device and method under the action of axial tension and pressure at the same time. A square steel tube steel reinforced concrete composite structure and a rigid supporting structure matched with the square steel tube steel reinforced concrete composite structure are arranged on the reaction frame; the reaction frame comprises a rigid base, and rigid supporting columns are vertically distributed on the side face of the rigid base. The square steel tube steel reinforced concrete composite structure is arranged on the top surface of the rigid base; the loading test device is composed of simple screw rods, nuts, a bottom plate and a cross beam structure, an axial tension test and a pressure test can be achieved at the same time, the stress conditions of high-rise structures such as piers, bridge supports, storage tanks and chimneys during an earthquake can be simulated, the stress conditions of high-rise structure buildings under the real earthquake condition can be simulated, and the test efficiency is improved. Therefore, potential problems in building structure design can be found in advance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of civil engineering and structural engineering, particularly the field of structural seismic performance research, and specifically relates to a device and method for conducting low-cycle repeated loading tests under both axial tensile and compressive forces. Background Technology

[0002] Earthquakes are a common natural disaster that can easily damage the safety and durability of building structures. To ensure the safety of buildings during earthquakes, it is essential to study their seismic performance. Low-cycle repeated loading tests simulate the repeated stress states experienced by building structural components under seismic loading. Through low-cycle repeated loading tests, the actual stress and deformation characteristics of building structural components under seismic loading can be obtained, providing reliable data support for seismic design.

[0003] When tall structures such as bridge piers, bridge bearings, storage tanks, and chimneys are affected by earthquakes, the resulting vibrations cause significant deformation and stress in these structures. The structural components simultaneously bear substantial axial tensile and compressive forces. However, most existing low-cycle repeated loading test devices test structural components by subjecting them to individual tension and compression, which fails to simulate the stress conditions of tall structures under real earthquake conditions. This hinders the discovery of potential problems in structural design and impacts the safety and durability of the building structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a device and method for conducting low-cycle repeated loading tests under axial tensile and compressive forces while simulating the stress conditions of tall structures under real earthquake conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A low-cycle repeated loading test device that simultaneously achieves axial tensile and compressive forces includes a reaction frame, on which a square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure and a rigid support structure that cooperates with the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure are provided; the reaction frame includes a rigid base, and four rigid support columns are vertically distributed on the side of the rigid base; the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure is set on the top surface of the rigid base.

[0006] Preferably, a reaction frame that is gap-fitted with the rigid support column is provided on the center of one side of the rigid base. A sliding seat I is provided on the side of the reaction frame near the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure. A horizontal actuator is provided on the sliding seat I. The horizontal actuator is connected to the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure through a detachable distribution steel plate I.

[0007] Preferably, the rigid support structure includes an upper rigid beam and a lower rigid beam mounted on a rigid support column, with an upper hydraulic jack and a lower hydraulic jack respectively mounted on the upper and lower sides of the lower rigid beam.

[0008] Preferably, the lower rigid beam is connected to the rigid support column via a lower rigid support beam, and the lower rigid beam and the lower rigid support beam are arranged in parallel; the upper rigid beam is connected to the rigid support column via an upper rigid support beam, and the upper rigid beam and the upper rigid support beam are arranged perpendicularly.

[0009] Preferably, the top and bottom surfaces of the lower rigid beam are respectively provided with sliding seats II and sliding seats III, which cooperate with the upper hydraulic jack and the lower hydraulic jack.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom end of the lower hydraulic jack is connected to the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure via a detachable distribution steel plate II.

[0011] Preferably, four rigid pipes are symmetrically arranged on the upper rigid beam, and the rigid pipes are connected to the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure through a detachable distribution steel plate III.

[0012] Preferably, the distribution steel plate III includes a base plate, on which a vertical plate is provided that cooperates with the side of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure away from the distribution steel plate I, and a steel plate groove is provided on the base plate that cooperates with the distribution steel plate I.

[0013] Preferably, the rigid tube is provided with a rigid block that matches the bottom surface of the upper rigid beam; the side of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure is provided with a pressure beam that matches the rigid base; the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure is a steel tube concrete column.

[0014] A test method for a low-cycle repeated loading test device that simultaneously achieves axial tensile and compressive forces includes the following steps; S1. When conducting tensile tests on the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure, the controller is used to control the operation of the upper hydraulic jack. The upper hydraulic jack will load and extend upwards, and drive the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure to conduct tensile tests through the upper rigid beam and rigid tube. S2. When conducting pressure tests on the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure, the lower hydraulic jack is controlled by a controller. The lower hydraulic jack will extend downwards to apply pressure to the upper side of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure for pressure testing. S3. During repeated low-cycle loading tests in S1 and S2, a controller is used to control the movement of the horizontal actuator and control the tension and compression positions of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure in the horizontal direction to ensure the normal progress of the test.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention employs a simple screw, nut, base plate, and crossbeam structure to construct a loading test device that can simultaneously perform axial tensile and compressive tests. It can simulate the stress conditions of tall structures such as bridge piers, bridge bearings, storage tanks, and chimneys during earthquakes, simulating the stress conditions of tall structures under real earthquake conditions. This allows for the early detection of potential problems in building structural design, thereby improving the safety and durability of building structures. The integrated reaction frame used in this invention is easy and quick to install, has a robust structural design, is simple and efficient to operate, and is economical. It not only functions as a reaction frame but also allows for the direct application of rated tensile and compressive forces, thereby improving the efficiency of low-cycle repeated loading tests and meeting the testing requirements of tall structures such as bridge piers, bridge bearings, storage tanks, and chimneys.

[0016] 2. This invention proposes an innovative loading test device. This device adopts a simple and economical test structure that can make the specimen conform to specific complex stress conditions. It can not only realize repeated loading tests of the specimen under axial tension and compression, but also uses bolt connections between all parts of the device, which can be quickly assembled and disassembled in the required location. Furthermore, the use of a reaction frame instead of a shear wall makes the installation and disassembly of the overall structure more convenient, thereby improving the efficiency of low-cycle repeated loading tests. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention in Embodiment 1; Figure 2 This is the right view of the present invention in Embodiment 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper rigid beam in Example 1; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of steel plate Ⅲ in Example 1.

[0018] The components include: 1. Rigid base; 2. Rigid support column; 3. Square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure; 4. Reaction steel frame; 5. Distribution steel plate I; 6. Horizontal actuator; 7. Sliding seat I; 8. Lower rigid support beam; 9. Upper rigid support beam; 10. Upper rigid beam; 11. High-strength bolt; 12. Upper hydraulic jack; 13. Sliding seat II; 14. Lower rigid beam; 15. Sliding seat III; 16. Lower hydraulic jack; 17. Distribution steel plate II; 18. Rigid pipe; 19. Distribution steel plate III; 20. Pressure beam; 21. Ground anchor bolt; 22. High-strength bolt; 23. Rigid block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 A low-cycle cyclic loading test device that simultaneously achieves axial tensile and compressive forces, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1-4 As shown, the specially constructed rigid base 1 and the assembled vertical rigid support column 2 are connected by high-strength bolts to form a reaction frame; a square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 is on the specially constructed rigid base 1, and the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 is fixed to the rigid base 1 using ground anchor bolts 21.

[0021] On the rigid base 1 there is a reaction steel frame 4, the reaction steel frame 4 is equipped with an integrated sliding seat I7, the horizontal actuator 6 is inserted from the upper opening of the sliding seat I7 and can move up and down, the rightmost side of the sliding seat I7 is a detachable distribution steel plate I5, the distribution steel plate I5 is tightly fitted with the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3.

[0022] The prefabricated rigid support column 2, together with the lower rigid support beam 8 and the upper rigid support beam 9, forms a reaction frame. A lower rigid beam 14 parallel to the lower rigid support beam 8 is installed in the middle, and the two are connected by high-strength bolts. A sliding seat II 13 and a sliding seat III 15 are installed on the upper and lower sides of the lower rigid beam 14. The upper hydraulic jack 12 and the lower hydraulic jack 16 can be inserted from one side of the sliding seat II 13 and the sliding seat III 15 respectively, and after being inserted, they can slide left and right on the sliding seat II 13 and the sliding seat III 15. The lower hydraulic jack 16 is tightly attached to the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 through the distribution steel plate II 17 at its bottom. There is an upper rigid beam 10 perpendicular to the upper rigid support beam 9 in the middle, and the upper rigid beam 10 is connected to the upper rigid support beam 9 by high-strength bolts.

[0023] The upper rigid beam 10 is connected to the distribution steel plate Ⅲ 19 using high-strength bolts 11 and 22 and rigid pipe 18, and then connected to the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3; the upper rigid beam 10 can provide reaction force for the upper hydraulic jack 12 and provide tensile force for the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 during the test; there is a protruding rigid block 2 in the upper part of the rigid pipe 18 to prevent the high-strength bolts from being damaged and slipping.

[0024] The reaction steel frame 4 has a built-in sliding seat I7, and the horizontal actuator 6 can be perfectly embedded in the sliding seat I7. The horizontal actuator 6 and the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 are perfectly connected through the distribution steel plate I5.

[0025] The square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 is connected to the rigid base 1 by a pressure beam 20 and high-strength bolts. There are two ground anchor bolts 21 on both sides of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure.

[0026] like Figure 3As shown, the upper rigid beam 10 has four holes, and two rigid pipes 18 can pass through each pair of holes. The rigid pipes 18 are connected to the distribution steel plate Ⅲ19 on the lower side of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3. During the test, the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 can be tested for axial tension and compression at the same time. There is a protruding rigid member 23 at the joint between the rigid pipe 18 and the special rigid beam 18 to prevent the high-strength bolts on the upper side of the special rigid beam 18 from being damaged or slipping.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the distribution steel plate Ⅲ19 is used for tensile testing; one end of the distribution steel plate Ⅲ19 has an integral steel plate for working with the horizontal actuator 6, and the other end of the distribution steel plate Ⅲ19 has a detachable distribution steel plate Ⅰ5, which is designed to be detachable for easy installation; all the high-strength bolts in this invention are high-strength bolts.

[0028] A method for installing a low-cycle repeated loading test device that simultaneously achieves axial tensile and compressive forces includes the following steps; S01, A rigid base with a special structure placed horizontally.

[0029] S02. Install the square steel pipe steel-concrete composite structure 3 on the rigid base 1, and install ground anchor bolts 21 to fix the rigid base 1.

[0030] S03. Then, assemble the vertical rigid support column 2, the horizontal lower rigid support beam 8, and the upper rigid support beam 9 in sequence around the rigid base 1, and then assemble the lower rigid beam 14 and the upper rigid beam 10.

[0031] S04. The horizontal actuator 6, the upper hydraulic jack 12, and the lower hydraulic jack 16 are respectively embedded into the sliding seat I 7, the sliding seat II 13, and the sliding seat III 15. Then, the horizontal actuator 6 is attached to the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 through the distribution steel plate I 5, and the lower hydraulic jack 16 is tightly attached to the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 through the distribution steel plate II 17. The distribution steel plate III 19 is connected to the upper rigid beam 10 through the rigid pipe 18.

[0032] This completes the low-cycle repeated loading test device, which can simultaneously meet the axial tensile and compressive loading tests of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 during the test. Furthermore, due to the presence of the horizontal actuator 6, the tensile and compressive parts of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure can be adjusted during the test.

[0033] A test method for a low-cycle repeated loading test device that simultaneously achieves axial tensile and compressive forces includes the following steps; When the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 is subjected to a tensile test, the controller is used to control the upper hydraulic jack 13 to work. Under the support of the lower rigid beam 14, the upper hydraulic jack 13 will load and extend upwards, and through the upper rigid beam 10, rigid block 23, rigid tube 18, and distribution steel plate Ⅲ19, the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 will be driven to carry out the axial tensile test.

[0034] When conducting a pressure test on the S2 square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3, the lower hydraulic jack 16 is controlled by a controller. Supported by the lower rigid beam 14, the lower hydraulic jack 16 will extend downwards, and pressure will be applied to the upper side of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 through the distribution steel plate II 17 to conduct the pressure test.

[0035] S3. During repeated low-cycle loading tests in S1 and S2, the controller is used to control the movement of the horizontal actuator 6 and control the tension and compression positions of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 in the horizontal direction to ensure the normal progress of the test.

[0036] Example 2 A method for installing a low-cycle repeated loading test device that simultaneously achieves axial tensile and compressive forces includes the following steps: S01. A rigid base 1 with a special structure is placed horizontally, and then a square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 is installed. Then, rigid support columns 2, lower rigid support beams 8, and upper rigid support beams 9 are assembled around it in sequence. Then, lower rigid beams 14 and upper rigid beams 10 are assembled.

[0037] S02. Insert the horizontal actuator 6, the lower hydraulic jack 16, and the upper hydraulic jack 12 into the sliding seat I 7, the sliding seat III 15, and the sliding seat II 13 respectively.

[0038] S03. Connect the distribution steel plate Ⅲ19 to the upper rigid beam 10 through the rigid pipe 18.

[0039] S04. Install ground anchor bolts 20 to fix the rigid base 1. This is equivalent to completing a low-cycle repeated loading test device that can simultaneously achieve axial tensile and compressive forces.

[0040] Example 3 A test method for a low-cycle repeated loading test device that simultaneously achieves axial tensile and compressive forces includes the following steps; When the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 is subjected to a tensile test, the controller is used to control the upper hydraulic jack 13 to work. Under the support of the lower rigid beam 14, the upper hydraulic jack 13 will load and extend upwards, and drive the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 to carry out the tensile test through the upper rigid beam 10, rigid block 23, rigid tube 18, and distribution steel plate Ⅲ 19.

[0041] When conducting a pressure test on the S2 square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3, the lower hydraulic jack 16 is controlled by a controller. Supported by the lower rigid beam 14, the lower hydraulic jack 16 will extend downwards, and pressure will be applied to the upper side of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 through the distribution steel plate II 17 to conduct the pressure test.

[0042] S3. During repeated low-cycle loading tests in S1 and S2, the controller is used to control the movement of the horizontal actuator 6 and control the tension and compression positions of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure 3 in the horizontal direction to ensure the normal progress of the test.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited to the above examples. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-cycle repeated loading test device that simultaneously realizes axial tensile and compressive forces, characterized in that, The system includes a reaction frame, on which a square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure and a rigid support structure that cooperate with the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure are provided; the reaction frame includes a rigid base, on which rigid support columns are vertically distributed; the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure is set on the top surface of the rigid base.

2. The low-cycle repeated loading test device for simultaneously achieving axial tensile and compressive forces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rigid base has a reaction frame on one side center that is gap-fitted with the rigid support column. The side of the reaction frame near the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure has a sliding seat I. The sliding seat I has a horizontal actuator. The horizontal actuator is connected to the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure through a detachable distribution steel plate I.

3. The low-cycle repeated loading test device for simultaneously achieving axial tensile and compressive forces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rigid support structure includes an upper rigid beam and a lower rigid beam mounted on a rigid support column. The upper and lower sides of the lower rigid beam are respectively equipped with an upper hydraulic jack and a lower hydraulic jack.

4. The low-cycle repeated loading test device for simultaneously realizing axial tensile and compressive forces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower rigid beam is connected to the rigid support column via a lower rigid support beam, and the lower rigid beam and the lower rigid support beam are arranged in parallel. The upper rigid beam is connected to the rigid support column via an upper rigid support beam, and the upper rigid beam and the upper rigid support beam are arranged perpendicularly.

5. The low-cycle repeated loading test device for simultaneously realizing axial tensile and compressive forces according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower rigid beam has sliding seats II and III respectively on the center of its top and bottom surfaces, which cooperate with the upper hydraulic jack and the lower hydraulic jack.

6. The low-cycle repeated loading test device for simultaneously achieving axial tensile and compressive forces according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom end of the lower hydraulic jack is connected to the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure via a detachable distribution steel plate II.

7. The low-cycle repeated loading test device for simultaneously realizing axial tensile and compressive forces according to claim 6, characterized in that, Rigid tubes are symmetrically arranged on the upper rigid beam, and the rigid tubes are connected to the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure through a detachable distribution steel plate III.

8. The low-cycle repeated loading test device for simultaneously realizing axial tensile and compressive forces according to claim 7, characterized in that, The distribution steel plate III includes a base plate, on which a vertical plate is provided that cooperates with the side of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure away from the distribution steel plate I, and a steel plate groove is provided on the base plate that cooperates with the distribution steel plate I.

9. The low-cycle repeated loading test device for simultaneously realizing axial tensile and compressive forces according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rigid tube is provided with a rigid block that matches the bottom surface of the upper rigid beam; the side of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure is provided with a pressure beam that matches the rigid base.

10. A test method for a low-cycle repeated loading test device that simultaneously achieves axial tensile and compressive forces, characterized in that, Includes the following steps; S1. When conducting a tensile test on the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure, the upper hydraulic jack is controlled to work. The upper hydraulic jack will load and extend upwards, and drive the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure to conduct a tensile test through the upper rigid beam and rigid tube. S2. When conducting a pressure test on the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure, the lower hydraulic jack is controlled to work. The lower hydraulic jack will extend downwards to apply pressure to the upper side of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure for the pressure test. S3. During repeated low-cycle loading tests in S1 and S2, control the movement of the horizontal actuator to control the tension and compression positions of the square steel tube steel-concrete composite structure in the horizontal direction to ensure the normal progress of the test.

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