Low-pressure cylinder relative internal efficiency calculation method suitable for cold end optimization of direct air cooling unit

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-pressure cylinder relative internal efficiency calculation method suitable for cold end optimization of a direct air cooling unit. The low-pressure cylinder relative internal efficiency calculation method suitable for optimizing the cold end of the direct air cooling unit comprises the steps that real-time operation data of the unit are obtained; based on the real-time operation data of the unit, the actual specific enthalpy drop of a high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of a medium-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the whole unit and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of a low-pressure cylinder are determined; based on the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the medium-pressure cylinder, the overall actual specific enthalpy drop of the unit and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder, the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is determined, and the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is inversely proportional to the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder; and the difference is in direct proportion to the difference obtained by subtracting the sum of the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder and the actual specific enthalpy drop of the medium-pressure cylinder from the actual specific enthalpy drop of the whole machine of the unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of thermal power generation technology, and in particular to a method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of a low-pressure cylinder applicable to cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units. Background Technology

[0002] In the cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units, obtaining the unit's incremental power characteristics under current operating conditions is a crucial step. These incremental power characteristics reflect the relationship between power changes and energy consumption under different operating conditions, and their calculation is based on real-time online calculation of the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder. This efficiency parameter directly affects the optimization of the unit's cold-end operation (such as adjusting the power of the air-cooled system fans and optimizing the condenser vacuum). Currently, the real-time calculation methods for the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder are mainly based on the heat balance calculation of the entire thermodynamic system and iterative calculations under varying operating conditions in the final stage of the low-pressure cylinder. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder in direct air-cooled units with cold-end optimization, so as to improve the accuracy of the calculated relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder and the convenience of engineering application.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: A method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder applicable to cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units, comprising: Obtain real-time operating data of the unit; Based on the real-time operating data of the unit, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder are determined. Based on the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder, the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is determined. The relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is inversely proportional to the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder and directly proportional to the difference between the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit and the sum of the actual specific enthalpy drops of the high-pressure cylinder and the intermediate-pressure cylinder.

[0005] Compared with existing technologies, the method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder in this application, applicable to cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units, obtains real-time operating data of the unit and determines the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the overall actual specific enthalpy drop of the unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder based on the operating data. At this point, according to the law of conservation of energy, the sum of the actual specific enthalpy drops of the high-pressure cylinder, the intermediate-pressure cylinder, and the low-pressure cylinder equals the overall actual specific enthalpy drop of the unit. Therefore, the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder can be determined based on the actual specific enthalpy drops of the high-pressure cylinder, the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the overall actual specific enthalpy drop of the unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder. The relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is inversely proportional to its isentropic enthalpy drop and directly proportional to the difference between the actual enthalpy drop of the entire unit and the sum of the actual enthalpy drops of the high-pressure and intermediate-pressure cylinders. This method avoids complex thermal balance calculations for the entire thermodynamic system, directly solving for the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder through the coupling relationship between the relative internal efficiency and enthalpy drop of each cylinder, thus reducing the cumulative impact of upstream measuring point errors.

[0006] This application also provides a calculation device for the relative internal efficiency of low-pressure cylinders applicable to cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire the real-time operating data of the unit; The determination module, based on the real-time operating data of the unit, determines the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder; The determining module is further configured to determine the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder based on the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder. The relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is inversely proportional to the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder and directly proportional to the sum of the actual specific enthalpy drops of the high-pressure cylinder, the intermediate-pressure cylinder, and the entire unit.

[0007] This application also provides an electronic device, including: Processor; and, Memory for stored programs; The program includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the electronic device provided in this application are the same as those of the low-pressure cylinder relative internal efficiency calculation method for cold end optimization of direct air-cooled units described in the above technical solution, and will not be repeated here.

[0009] This application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the method described according to an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the non-transient computer-readable storage medium provided in this application are the same as the beneficial effects of the low-pressure cylinder relative internal efficiency calculation method applicable to the cold end optimization of direct air-cooled units described in the above technical solution, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart is shown below illustrating a method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of a low-pressure cylinder for cold-end optimization of a direct air-cooled unit, provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 2 A schematic block diagram of the functional modules of a calculation device for low-pressure cylinder relative internal efficiency optimization applicable to the cold end of a direct air-cooled unit according to an exemplary embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 3 A structural block diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are only used to distinguish different thresholds and do not limit their order. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0013] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0014] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, a combination of a and b, a combination of a and c, a combination of b and c, or a, b, and c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0015] Before introducing the embodiments of this application, the relevant terms involved in the embodiments of this application are first explained as follows: In the cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units, obtaining the unit's incremental power characteristics under current operating conditions is a crucial step. These incremental power characteristics reflect the relationship between power changes and energy consumption under different operating conditions, and their calculation is based on real-time online calculation of the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder. This efficiency parameter directly affects the optimization of the unit's cold-end operation (such as adjusting the power of the air-cooled system fans and optimizing the condenser vacuum).

[0016] Currently, real-time calculation methods for the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder are mainly based on heat balance calculations of the entire thermodynamic system and iterative calculations under varying operating conditions of the last stage of the low-pressure cylinder. Heat balance calculations involve analyzing the energy flow of the working fluid (steam, water) in the unit's thermodynamic system, establishing an input-output balance, and calculating the efficiency of each piece of equipment (including the low-pressure cylinder). Iterative calculations under varying operating conditions focus on the working state of the last stage blades of the low-pressure cylinder, iteratively solving for steam parameters (such as pressure, temperature, and flow rate) under varying operating conditions, and then estimating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder. These calculation methods have certain drawbacks. For example, the actual operating conditions of the unit differ greatly from the design conditions. The flow direction and flow rate of the working fluid change constantly, especially the flow rate of the working fluid flowing into / out of the system, which is difficult to calculate accurately. At the same time, there are many measuring points used in the calculation, and the measurement data may contain errors or jumps. These will all be transmitted to the low-pressure cylinder, resulting in inaccurate or highly fluctuating calculation results that do not conform to the performance change trend of the unit itself. They can also easily mislead related upper-level applications based on the calculation results. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a calculation method that can truly reflect the unit's performance and provide relatively accurate, stable, and easy-to-use data for engineering applications.

[0017] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder in direct air-cooled units, applicable to cold-end optimization. It utilizes thermodynamic calculations of steam power cycle efficiency and the coupling relationship between the relative internal efficiency and ideal enthalpy drop of the high / medium / low-pressure cylinders of the turbine and the overall relative internal efficiency and ideal enthalpy drop of the entire unit to deduce the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder under the current operating conditions. This application eliminates the need for complex and tedious comprehensive heat balance calculations for the turbine unit, reducing the impact of accumulated errors at upstream thermal system measuring points on the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder, thus facilitating engineering applications. The calculation method described in this application has been validated under typical design conditions, and the calculation results meet the accuracy requirements for engineering applications. This method is applicable to both direct and indirect air-cooled units. The low-pressure cylinder section of this application can be equipped with three stages of regenerative steam extraction, with all three stages operating in a superheated or slightly superheated state.

[0018] The method described in this application may include the following steps: Step 1: Real-time data acquisition Collect real-time operating data of the current unit, including: absolute atmospheric pressure, main steam pressure, main steam temperature, high-pressure exhaust pressure, high-pressure exhaust temperature, reheat steam pressure, reheat steam temperature, intermediate exhaust pressure, intermediate exhaust temperature, low-pressure cylinder inlet steam pressure, low-pressure cylinder inlet steam temperature, low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam pressure, main steam flow rate (DCS calculation point), main feedwater pressure, main feedwater temperature, superheater desuperheating water flow rate, superheater desuperheating water temperature, superheater desuperheating water pressure, reheat desuperheating water flow rate, reheat desuperheating water temperature, reheat desuperheating water pressure, turbine unit mechanical efficiency, generator efficiency, and unit power.

[0019] Step 2: High-pressure cylinder efficiency calculate The efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder is the ratio of the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder to the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, as shown in formula (1): Formula (1) In the formula: h ms =h_pt(p ms ,t ms )，s ms =s_pt(p ms ,t ms )，h hex =h_pt(p hex ,t hex )，h hext =h_ps (p hex,s ms )， in, h_pt(), s_pt(), h_ps() Functions for calculating the properties of water and water vapor. 、 、h ms 、 p ms 、t ms 、s ms 、h hex 、p hex 、t hex 、h hext These are, respectively, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the specific enthalpy of the main steam, the main steam pressure, the main steam temperature, the specific entropy of the main steam, the specific enthalpy of the high-pressure exhaust, the high-pressure exhaust pressure, the high-pressure exhaust temperature, and the specific enthalpy under isentropic conditions in the high-pressure exhaust. It should be noted that all pressures used in the calculations in this application are absolute pressures (MPa) and all temperatures are Celsius temperatures (°C), unless otherwise specified.

[0020] Step 3: Intermediate pressure cylinder efficiency calculate The efficiency of the intermediate-pressure cylinder is the ratio of the actual specific enthalpy drop to the isentropic enthalpy drop, as shown in formula (2): Formula (2) In the formula: h rh =h_pt(p rh ,t rh )，s rh =s_pt(p rh ,t rh )，h mex =h_pt(p mex ,t mex )，h mext =h_ps (p mex ,s rh ) ,in , , h rh 、prh 、t rh 、s rh 、h mex 、p mex 、t mex 、h mext These are, respectively, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the specific enthalpy of reheat steam, the pressure of reheat steam, the temperature of reheat steam, the specific entropy of reheat steam, the specific enthalpy of intermediate discharge, the pressure of intermediate discharge, the temperature of intermediate discharge, and the specific enthalpy of intermediate discharge under isentropic conditions.

[0021] Step 4: Ideal Cycle Thermal Efficiency calculate The ideal thermal efficiency of the isentropic expansion process of steam in the steam turbine can be approximated by formula (3).

[0022] Formula (3) For reheat units The calculation can be performed using formula (4): Formula (4) in, and All are thermodynamic temperatures; specifically... The thermodynamic average heat release temperature of the ideal cycle is taken as the saturation temperature corresponding to the exhaust pressure in the ideal cycle model. That is, when the exhaust pressure is known, the saturation temperature can be uniquely determined. , , , , , These are the thermodynamic average endothermic temperature, the thermodynamic average exothermic temperature, and the main feedwater temperature during the cycle, respectively. Specific enthalpy, main feedwater specific entropy, reheat steam share, and high-pressure cylinder exhaust specific entropy. The reheat steam share is the proportion of reheat steam flow to main steam flow, which can be calculated using the Flügger formula. At this point, the design condition (rated condition) parameters are assumed to be known, meaning the reheat steam flow rate can be determined based on the design condition parameters and the high-pressure cylinder exhaust pressure and temperature from real-time operating data.

[0023] Step 5: Unit thermal efficiency calculate Formula (5) Step 6: Relative Internal Efficiency of the Unit calculate Equation (5) can be transformed to obtain equation (6): Formula (6) In the formula: , , These are the power generation heat consumption rate of the steam turbine unit, the mechanical efficiency of the steam turbine unit, and the generator efficiency, respectively.

[0024] Step 7: The relationship between relative internal efficiency and cylinder efficiency is given by formula (7). Formula (7) In the formula: , , These are the isentropic enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder, the ideal enthalpy drop of the whole machine, and the relative internal efficiency of the whole machine, respectively.

[0025] Step 8: Relative internal efficiency of low-pressure cylinder calculate Equation (7) can be transformed to obtain equation (8): Formula (8) In the formula: = h Ls -h Lext = pt_h(p Ls ,t Ls )-ps_h[p Lex ,pt_s(p Ls ,t Ls )]，h Ls 、h Lext 、p Ls 、t Ls 、 p Lex , These are, respectively, the enthalpy of steam entering the low-pressure cylinder, the isentropic enthalpy of steam exiting the low-pressure cylinder, the steam entering the low-pressure cylinder, the steam entering the low-pressure cylinder, the steam entering the low-pressure cylinder, the steam exiting the low-pressure cylinder, and the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder.

[0026] According to formula (8), This is the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit. This is the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder. This is the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder. It can be seen that the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder... It is inversely proportional to the isentropic enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder, and directly proportional to the sum of the actual specific enthalpy drops of the high-pressure cylinder, the intermediate-pressure cylinder, and the entire unit.

[0027] Therefore, by obtaining the isentropic enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, and the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder can be calculated. This application avoids the errors of direct solution and improves the accuracy of the calculated relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder, providing accurate data support for obtaining the micro-power increase characteristics of the unit under current operating conditions during the cold-end optimization process of direct air-cooled units.

[0028] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of a low-pressure cylinder applicable to cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units, provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application, is shown. Figure 1 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder for cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units includes: Step 110: Obtain the unit's real-time operating data. The unit's real-time operating data may include: absolute atmospheric pressure, main steam parameters, high-pressure exhaust parameters, reheat steam parameters, intermediate exhaust parameters, low-pressure cylinder parameters, main feedwater parameters, superheater desuperheating water parameters, reheat desuperheating water parameters, and unit performance parameters. The main steam parameters may include main steam pressure, main steam temperature, and main steam flow rate (DCS calculation point); high-pressure exhaust parameters may include high-pressure exhaust pressure and high-pressure exhaust temperature; reheat steam parameters may include reheat steam pressure and reheat steam temperature; intermediate exhaust parameters may include intermediate exhaust pressure and intermediate exhaust temperature; low-pressure cylinder parameters may include low-pressure cylinder inlet steam pressure, low-pressure cylinder inlet steam temperature, and low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam pressure; main feedwater parameters may include main feedwater pressure and main feedwater temperature; superheater desuperheating water parameters may include superheater desuperheating water flow rate, superheater desuperheating water temperature, and superheater desuperheating water pressure; reheat desuperheating water parameters may include reheat desuperheating water flow rate, reheat desuperheating water temperature, and reheat desuperheating water pressure; and unit performance parameters may include unit power, turbine mechanical efficiency, and generator efficiency.

[0029] Step 120: Based on the real-time operating data of the unit, determine the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder. As can be seen from the previous description, the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder can be obtained through the derivation of formulas (1) to (8). It is related to the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder. Therefore, the specific values ​​of the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder can be determined based on the real-time operating data of the unit.

[0030] Step 130: Based on the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder, determine the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder. The relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is inversely proportional to the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder and directly proportional to the difference between the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit and the sum of the actual specific enthalpy drops of the high-pressure cylinder and the intermediate-pressure cylinder. According to formula (8) above, when the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder are known, the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder can be solved according to formula (8).

[0031] As can be seen from the above, the method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder in the cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units provided in this application obtains the real-time operating data of the unit and determines the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder based on the operating data. At this point, according to the law of conservation of energy, the sum of the relative internal efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder, the intermediate-pressure cylinder, and the low-pressure cylinder equals the relative internal efficiency of the entire unit. Therefore, the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder can be determined based on the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder. The relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is inversely proportional to the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder and directly proportional to the sum of the actual specific enthalpy drops of the high-pressure cylinder, the intermediate-pressure cylinder, and the entire unit. The method described in this application avoids complex thermal balance calculations for the entire thermodynamic system. It directly solves for the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder by means of the coupling relationship between the relative internal efficiency of each cylinder and the enthalpy drop, thereby reducing the impact of upstream measuring point errors.

[0032] In some embodiments, the determination of the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder based on the real-time operating data of the unit may further include: The actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder can be determined based on the main steam parameters and the high-pressure exhaust parameters. For example, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder can be determined according to formula (1) mentioned above. By substituting the main steam parameters and high-pressure exhaust parameters into the formula, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder can be obtained. .

[0033] The actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder can be determined based on the reheat steam parameters and the intermediate discharge parameters. For example, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder can be calculated using formula (2) above. The actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder can be obtained by substituting the reheat steam parameters and the intermediate discharge parameters into the formula. .

[0034] The actual specific enthalpy drop of the unit can be determined based on the unit's relative internal efficiency and the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the whole unit. For example, the unit's relative internal efficiency and the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the whole unit can be determined according to the formulas (6) and (7) above, so as to determine the actual specific enthalpy drop of the whole unit.

[0035] The isentropic enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder can be determined based on the parameters of the low-pressure cylinder. For example, the parameters of the low-pressure cylinder can be substituted into the formula (8) mentioned above. The isentropic enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder can be obtained from the calculation formula.

[0036] In some embodiments, determining the actual specific enthalpy drop of the unit based on the unit's relative internal efficiency and the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the whole unit may further include: firstly, determining the unit's relative internal efficiency based on the turbine generator heat rate, unit performance parameters, and ideal cycle thermal efficiency; secondly, determining the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the whole unit based on the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder; and finally, determining the actual specific enthalpy drop of the whole unit based on the unit's relative internal efficiency and the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the whole unit.

[0037] In some examples, the power generation heat rate of the turbine unit can be calculated first, and then the data of the power generation heat rate, the mechanical efficiency of the turbine unit, and the generator efficiency can be substituted into formula (6) to obtain the relative internal efficiency of the unit. As for the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the whole machine In other words, the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit is the sum of the ideal enthalpy drops of each cylinder. As described above, the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder is determined by the main steam parameters and the high-pressure exhaust parameters; that is, the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder... , h ms =h_pt(p ms ,t ms ) , h hext =h_ps(p hex ,s ms ) , s ms =s_pt(p ms , t ms ) Substituting the main steam pressure, main steam temperature, and high-pressure exhaust pressure into the above formula yields the isentropic enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder. The isentropic enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder is determined by the reheat steam parameters and the intermediate-pressure exhaust parameters, i.e., the isentropic enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder. , h rh =h_pt(p rh ,t rh ) , h mext =h_ps(p mex ,s rh ) , s rh =s_pt(p th ,t th ) Substituting the reheat steam pressure, reheat steam temperature, and intermediate discharge pressure into the above formula yields the isentropic enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder. The calculation method for the isentropic enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder is the same and will not be repeated here. When the isentropic enthalpy drops of the high-pressure, intermediate-pressure, and low-pressure cylinders are known, the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit can be determined using the aforementioned formula. When the relative internal efficiency of the unit and the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit are known, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit can be determined according to the relevant descriptions above. The actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit can be calculated.

[0038] In some embodiments, determining the relative internal efficiency of the unit based on the turbine generator heat rate, unit performance parameters, and ideal cycle thermal efficiency may include: first, determining the turbine generator heat rate based on unit performance parameters, main steam heat absorption, and reheat steam heat absorption; determining the ideal cycle thermal efficiency based on low-pressure cylinder parameters, main steam parameters, main feedwater parameters, reheat steam parameters, and high-pressure exhaust parameters; and finally, determining the relative internal efficiency of the unit based on unit performance parameters, turbine generator heat rate, and ideal cycle thermal efficiency.

[0039] In some instances, the ideal cycle thermal efficiency described above can be calculated using formula (3), where, The value can be calculated by substituting parameters such as low-pressure cylinder exhaust pressure, main steam pressure, main steam temperature, main steam flow rate, main feedwater pressure, main feedwater temperature, high-pressure exhaust pressure, high-pressure exhaust temperature, reheat steam pressure, and reheat steam temperature into formula (4). After obtaining the low-pressure cylinder exhaust pressure, the unique thermodynamic mean heat release temperature can be determined based on the corresponding relationship. .in, In the formula, D rh The reheat steam flow rate can be obtained using the Freuger formula. D ms The main steam flow rate is given. It should be noted that the high-pressure cylinder exhaust gas obtained using the Flügel formula is superheated steam.

[0040] In some embodiments, the determination of the turbine generator heat rate based on unit performance parameters, main steam heat absorption, and reheat steam heat absorption may further include: first determining the main steam heat absorption based on main steam parameters, main feedwater parameters, and superheater desuperheating water parameters; determining the reheat steam heat absorption based on reheat steam parameters, high-pressure exhaust parameters, and reheat desuperheating water parameters; and finally determining the turbine generator heat rate based on unit performance parameters, main steam heat absorption, and reheat steam heat absorption.

[0041] In some examples, the heat rate of power generation for the above-mentioned units can be calculated by substituting the relevant parameters into the following formula: = Heat absorption / Power of unit = ( Q 主蒸汽 +Q 再热蒸汽 ) / P Formula (9) Formula (10) Formula (11) In the formula, D ms Main steam flow rate (from DCS calculation point). h ms Main steam specific enthalpy (derived from main steam pressure) p ms ,temperature t ms ,pass h_pt() (function calculation) h fw The main feedwater specific enthalpy (derived from the main feedwater pressure and main feedwater temperature, through...) h_pt ( ) (function calculation) D rh_spray Reduce the flow rate of the reheater water. h rh_spray The specific enthalpy of the reheater desuperheating water (derived from the reheater desuperheating water pressure and temperature, through...) h_pt() (function calculation) D rh The reheat steam flow rate (calculated using the Freuger formula). h rh The specific enthalpy of reheat steam (derived from reheat steam pressure and reheat steam temperature, through...) h_pt() (function calculation) h hex For high displacement specific enthalpy (derived from high displacement pressure and high displacement temperature, through...) h_pt() (function calculation) PThe power of the unit is given. The method described in this application allows for the determination of the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder without relying on multiple measurement points, avoiding the accumulation of errors from cross-cylinder measurement points and improving calculation accuracy.

[0042] The foregoing primarily describes the solutions provided in this application from the perspective of the server. It is understood that, in order to implement the above functions, the server includes the corresponding hardware structures and / or software modules for executing each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0043] This application embodiment can divide the server into functional units according to the above method example. For example, it can divide each function into a separate functional module, or it can integrate two or more functions into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0044] By dividing each functional module according to its corresponding function, an exemplary embodiment of this application provides a calculation device for the relative internal efficiency of a low-pressure cylinder applicable to cold-end optimization of a direct air-cooled unit. This calculation device for the relative internal efficiency of a low-pressure cylinder applicable to cold-end optimization of a direct air-cooled unit can be a server or a chip applied to a server. Figure 2 A schematic block diagram of the functional modules of a calculation device for low-pressure cylinder relative internal efficiency optimization applicable to the cold end of a direct air-cooled unit, according to an exemplary embodiment of this application, is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the calculation device 200 for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder for cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units includes: The acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the real-time operating data of the unit; The determination module 202 is used to determine the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder based on the real-time operating data of the unit. The determining module 202 is also used to determine the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder based on the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder. The relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is inversely proportional to the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder and directly proportional to the sum of the actual specific enthalpy drops of the high-pressure cylinder, the intermediate-pressure cylinder, and the entire unit.

[0045] In some embodiments, the real-time operating data of the above-mentioned unit includes: absolute atmospheric pressure, main steam parameters, high-pressure exhaust parameters, reheat steam parameters, intermediate exhaust parameters, low-pressure cylinder parameters, main feedwater parameters, superheater desuperheating water parameters, reheat desuperheating water parameters, and unit performance parameters.

[0046] In some embodiments, the determining module 202 is further configured to determine the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder based on the main steam parameters and the high-pressure exhaust parameters; determine the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder based on the reheat steam parameters and the intermediate exhaust parameters; determine the actual specific enthalpy drop of the unit as a whole based on the unit's relative internal efficiency and the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the whole unit; and determine the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder based on the low-pressure cylinder parameters.

[0047] In some embodiments, the determining module 202 is further configured to determine the relative internal efficiency of the unit based on the turbine generator heat consumption rate, unit performance parameters, and ideal cycle thermal efficiency; determine the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the whole unit based on the isentropic enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the isentropic enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, and the isentropic enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder; and determine the actual specific enthalpy drop of the whole unit based on the relative internal efficiency of the unit and the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the whole unit.

[0048] In some embodiments, the determining module 202 is further configured to determine the power generation heat rate of the turbine unit based on the unit performance parameters, the heat absorption of the main steam and the heat absorption of the reheat steam; determine the ideal cycle thermal efficiency based on the low-pressure cylinder parameters, the main steam parameters, the main feedwater parameters, the reheat steam parameters and the high-pressure exhaust parameters; and determine the relative internal efficiency of the unit based on the unit performance parameters, the power generation heat rate of the turbine unit and the ideal cycle thermal efficiency.

[0049] In some embodiments, the determining module 202 is further configured to determine the heat absorption of the main steam based on the main steam parameters, the main feedwater parameters, and the superheater desuperheating water parameters; determine the heat absorption of the reheat steam based on the reheat steam parameters, the high-pressure exhaust parameters, and the reheat desuperheating water parameters; and determine the power generation heat rate of the turbine unit based on the unit performance parameters, the heat absorption of the main steam, and the heat absorption of the reheat steam.

[0050] In some embodiments, the isentropic enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder is determined by the main steam parameters and the high-pressure exhaust parameters.

[0051] In some embodiments, the isentropic enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder is determined by the reheat steam parameters and the intermediate discharge parameters.

[0052] An exemplary embodiment of this application also provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor. The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to cause the electronic device to perform a method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0053] An exemplary embodiment of this application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a computer's processor, is used to cause the computer to perform a method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0054] An exemplary embodiment of this application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, wherein, when executed by a computer's processor, the computer program is used to cause the computer to perform a method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0055] refer to Figure 3 The present invention describes a structural block diagram of an electronic device 300 that can serve as a server or client of this application, which is an example of a hardware device that can be applied to various aspects of this application. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital electronic computer devices, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the application described and / or claimed herein.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 300 includes a computing unit 301, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 302 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 308 into a random access memory (RAM) 303. The RAM 303 may also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 300. The computing unit 301, ROM 302, and RAM 303 are interconnected via a bus 304. An input / output (I / O) interface 305 is also connected to the bus 304.

[0057] Multiple components in electronic device 300 are connected to I / O interface 305, including: input unit 306, output unit 307, storage unit 308, and communication unit 309. Input unit 306 can be any type of device capable of inputting information to electronic device 300. Input unit 306 can receive input digital or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and / or function control of electronic device. Output unit 307 can be any type of device capable of presenting information and may include, but is not limited to, a display, speaker, video / audio output terminal, vibrator, and / or printer. Storage unit 308 may include, but is not limited to, disk and optical disk. Communication unit 309 allows electronic device 300 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks, and may include, but is not limited to, modems, network cards, infrared communication devices, wireless communication transceivers, and / or chipsets, such as Bluetooth™ devices, WiFi devices, WiMax devices, cellular communication devices, and / or the like.

[0058] The computing unit 301 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 301 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 301 performs the various methods and processes described above. For example, in some embodiments, the methods of the exemplary embodiments of this application can be implemented as a computer software program tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as storage unit 308. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 300 via ROM 302 and / or communication unit 309. In some embodiments, the computing unit 301 can be configured to perform the methods of the exemplary embodiments of this application by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0059] The program code used to implement the methods of this application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a standalone software package partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0060] In the context of this application, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. Machine-readable media can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0061] As used in this application, the terms "machine-readable medium" and "computer-readable medium" refer to any computer program product, device, and / or apparatus (e.g., disk, optical disk, memory, programmable logic device (PLD)) for providing machine instructions and / or data to a programmable processor, including machine-readable media that receive machine instructions as machine-readable signals. The term "machine-readable signal" refers to any signal for providing machine instructions and / or data to a programmable processor.

[0062] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device for displaying information to the user (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor); and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0063] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as a data server), or computing systems that include middleware components (e.g., an application server), or computing systems that include frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and the Internet.

[0064] Computer systems can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through communication networks. Client-server relationships are created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other.

[0065] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are performed entirely or partially. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a terminal, a user equipment, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video disc (DVD); or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive (SSD).

[0066] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of this application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if such modifications and modifications of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of a low-pressure cylinder applicable to cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units, characterized in that, include: Obtain real-time operating data of the unit; Based on the real-time operating data of the unit, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder are determined. Based on the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder, the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is determined. The relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is inversely proportional to the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder and directly proportional to the difference between the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit and the sum of the actual specific enthalpy drops of the high-pressure cylinder and the intermediate-pressure cylinder.

2. The method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder for cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time operating data of the unit includes: absolute atmospheric pressure, main steam parameters, high-pressure exhaust parameters, reheat steam parameters, intermediate exhaust parameters, low-pressure cylinder parameters, main feedwater parameters, superheater desuperheating water parameters, reheat desuperheating water parameters, and unit performance parameters.

3. The method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder for cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder based on the real-time operating data of the unit includes: Based on the main steam parameters and the high-pressure exhaust parameters, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder is determined; Based on the reheat steam parameters and the intermediate discharge parameters, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate pressure cylinder is determined; Based on the unit's relative internal efficiency and the ideal specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit is determined; The isentropic enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder is determined based on the parameters of the low-pressure cylinder.

4. The method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder for cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units according to claim 3, characterized in that, The determination of the actual specific enthalpy drop of the unit based on the unit's relative internal efficiency and the ideal specific enthalpy drop includes: The relative internal efficiency of the unit is determined based on the power generation heat rate of the steam turbine unit, the unit performance parameters, and the ideal cycle thermal efficiency. The ideal specific enthalpy drop of the whole machine is determined based on the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the medium-pressure cylinder, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder; Based on the unit's relative internal efficiency and the unit's ideal specific enthalpy drop, the unit's actual specific enthalpy drop is determined.

5. The method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder for cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of the relative internal efficiency of the unit based on the turbine generator heat rate, unit performance parameters, and ideal cycle thermal efficiency includes: The power generation heat rate of the steam turbine unit is determined based on the unit performance parameters, the heat absorption of the main steam and the heat absorption of the reheat steam. The ideal cycle thermal efficiency is determined based on the low-pressure cylinder parameters, main steam parameters, main feedwater parameters, reheat steam parameters, and high-pressure exhaust parameters. The relative internal efficiency of the unit is determined based on the unit performance parameters, the turbine generator heat consumption rate, and the ideal cycle thermal efficiency.

6. The method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder for cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units according to claim 5, characterized in that, The determination of the turbine generator heat rate based on unit performance parameters, main steam heat absorption, and reheat steam heat absorption includes: The heat absorption of the main steam is determined based on the main steam parameters, the main feedwater parameters, and the superheater desuperheating water parameters. The heat absorption of the reheat steam is determined based on the reheat steam parameters, the high-pressure exhaust parameters, and the reheat desuperheating water parameters. The power generation heat rate of the steam turbine unit is determined based on the unit's performance parameters, the heat absorption of the main steam, and the heat absorption of the reheat steam.

7. The method for calculating the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder for cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units according to claim 4, characterized in that, The isentropic enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder is determined by the main steam parameters and the high-pressure exhaust parameters; and / or, The isentropic enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder is determined by the reheat steam parameters and the intermediate discharge parameters.

8. A calculation device for the relative internal efficiency of a low-pressure cylinder applicable to cold-end optimization of direct air-cooled units, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the real-time operating data of the unit; The determination module, based on the real-time operating data of the unit, determines the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder; The determining module is further configured to determine the relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder based on the actual specific enthalpy drop of the high-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the intermediate-pressure cylinder, the actual specific enthalpy drop of the entire unit, and the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder. The relative internal efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is inversely proportional to the isentropic specific enthalpy drop of the low-pressure cylinder and directly proportional to the sum of the actual specific enthalpy drops of the high-pressure cylinder, the intermediate-pressure cylinder, and the entire unit.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; as well as, Memory for stored programs; The program includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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