Waste plastic product crushing device
By establishing the relationship between parameters such as crusher speed, plastic hardness and density and power, and by adopting a power adaptive adjustment module, the problem of energy consumption control of plastic crushing equipment was solved, and more efficient energy utilization and energy efficiency improvement were achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the research on the factors affecting the energy consumption of plastic crushing devices is not in-depth enough, which limits the development of energy-saving devices and parameter optimization, and makes it impossible to effectively control energy efficiency.
By establishing the relationship between parameters such as crusher speed, plastic hardness and density and power, a power adaptive adjustment module is used to monitor and adjust the power of the crusher in real time to optimize energy efficiency.
It improves crushing efficiency, reduces energy consumption, avoids motor overload or idling, and achieves more efficient energy utilization.
Smart Images
Figure CN121798797A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plastics processing, and in particular relates to a device for crushing waste plastic products. Background Technology
[0002] With the continuous growth in the consumption of plastic products, the efficient recycling and reuse of waste plastics has become a key link in solving environmental pollution and resource waste. The environmental problems caused by plastic waste include: food chain disruption, groundwater pollution, air pollution, animal extinction, and soil poisoning; recycling is one way to handle plastic waste. In the plastic recycling process, crushing, as a core pretreatment step, directly affects the efficiency of subsequent sorting, washing, and granulation. Waste plastic crushers use high-speed rotating blades to cut larger plastic products (such as packaging bottles, films, and pipes) into smaller particles. This process not only reduces storage space but, more importantly, changes the physical form of the plastic, facilitating subsequent washing, sorting, and reprocessing. For example, the crushed plastic particles can be directly used for injection molding or as raw materials to produce recycled plastic products.
[0003] In the practical application of plastic crushing equipment, power consumption has always been a key focus of the industry. This is because power consumption not only directly affects production and operating costs but is also a crucial indicator for measuring equipment energy efficiency and green production levels. However, the power consumption of a plastic crusher is not a constant value but is influenced by multiple factors such as equipment parameters, material characteristics, and operating parameters. Adjusting these factors to change the energy conversion efficiency during the crushing process can fundamentally control the power consumption of the crushing equipment.
[0004] Currently, there is still a lack of research on the specific mechanisms and quantitative impact of various influencing factors (equipment parameters, material characteristics, operating parameters, etc.) on the energy consumption of plastic crushing equipment. This limits the targeted research and development, parameter optimization, and energy efficiency improvement of energy-saving plastic crushing equipment. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Based on the above background, this invention proposes a waste plastic product crushing device. By establishing the relationship between parameters such as crushing device rotation speed and plastic hardness and crushing device power, it provides the variation law of crushing device power under different parameter combinations, providing parameter optimization schemes, equipment structure improvement basis and intelligent control strategies for energy efficiency improvement.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention proposes a waste plastic product crushing device, which includes a control unit, a power adaptive adjustment module, a crusher speed acquisition module, a plastic hardness and density identification module, a time detection module, and a display unit. The control unit is connected to the power adaptive adjustment module, the crusher speed acquisition module, the plastic hardness and density identification module, the time detection module, the plastic density identification module, and the display unit.
[0007] The crusher speed acquisition module detects the crusher spindle speed in real time by installing a speed sensor in the crushing device. .
[0008] The time detection module detects the time when the plastic enters the crushing chamber using a pressure sensor. It utilizes the instantaneous pressure change caused by the impact or accumulation of the plastic as it falls into the crushing chamber as a signal of a "feeding event," and calculates the time difference between two consecutive events. ; The plastic hardness and density identification module identifies the type of plastic through a material identification system and retrieves the plastic hardness from a database. and plastic density When multiple types of plastics are included, the average value of the hardness and density of each type of plastic is taken.
[0009] The power adaptive adjustment module uses a power adjustment coefficient model for power adjustment; the power adjustment coefficient model is as follows: (1) In the formula, This is the power adjustment coefficient. The rotational speed of the pulverizer. For plastic hardness, The time it takes for the plastic to enter the crushing chamber. For the density of the plastic, all the above parameters are dimensionless.
[0010] The power adjustment of motor 6 for: , (2) In the formula, This is the initial power setting.
[0011] The control unit obtains the adjustment power. Then the power of the crushing device is adjusted.
[0012] The display unit shows real-time information such as the current crusher speed, plastic hardness and density, time, and power adjustment value.
[0013] As shown in the power adjustment coefficient model above, when the set crusher speed is high and the plastic hardness is high, the motor power needs to be increased; conversely, when the time t for the plastic to enter the crushing chamber is long and the plastic density is high, the motor power should be appropriately reduced. This power adjustment coefficient model comprehensively considers the influence of multiple factors on the operation of the crushing device, including crusher speed, plastic hardness, time for the plastic to enter the crushing chamber, and plastic density, in order to improve crushing efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and avoid energy waste due to motor overload or idling.
[0014] This invention also proposes a control method for a waste plastic product crushing device, comprising the following steps: Step 101, Set the initial power ; Step 102: Monitor the main shaft speed of the crusher in real time using a speed sensor. ; Step 103: Detect the time it takes for the plastic to enter the crushing chamber using a pressure sensor. ; Step 104: Identify the type of plastic using the material identification system and retrieve the plastic hardness from the database. and plastic density When multiple types of plastics are included, the average value of the hardness and density of each type of plastic is taken.
[0015] Step 105: Perform power adjustment using the power adjustment coefficient model; the power adjustment coefficient model is as follows: All the above parameters are dimensionless; Step 106, calculate the adjustment power : ; Step 107, Determine Is it greater than If not, no power adjustment is performed; if yes, a judgment is made. Is it greater than If not, adjust the power of the crushing device to If so, adjust the power of the crushing device to... .
[0016] This invention establishes a power adjustment coefficient model, which comprehensively considers the influence of multiple factors such as crusher speed, plastic hardness, plastic entry time into the crushing chamber, and plastic density on the operation of the crushing device, thus avoiding the phenomenon of "overpowered" or "underpowered" operation. At the same time, when the feeding is too fast or the material is too hard, the system increases the power in advance, which can effectively improve the crushing efficiency and reduce the return rate. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the plastic crushing device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the plastic crushing device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a block diagram of a control system for a waste plastic product crushing device according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a control method for a waste plastic product crushing device according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0019] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the invention with unnecessary detail.
[0020] The structure of plastic shredders varies depending on the application, size, and capacity, such as... Figure 1-2 The plastic crushing device shown includes a housing 1, two support bases 2, a feed hopper 3, a main shaft 4, several main cutter wheels 5, a motor 6, two rotating sleeves 7, a feeding frame 8, a rotating shaft 9, a transmission device 10, a filter screen 11, and a support 12. The feed hopper 3 introduces plastic into the housing 1. Then, the motor 6 is started to drive the main shaft 4 to rotate, causing all the main cutter wheels 5 to rotate synchronously and crush the plastic. The crushed plastic gathers on the filter screen 11 under gravity, and then qualified small plastic particles are discharged through the filter screen 11.
[0021] The above Figure 1-2 The image shows a crushing device commonly used in the field. The present invention can also use crushing devices with other structures.
[0022] This invention proposes a waste plastic product crushing device, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the crushing device includes a control unit, a power adaptive adjustment module, a crusher speed acquisition module, a plastic hardness and density identification module, a time detection module, and a display unit. The control unit is connected to the power adaptive adjustment module, the crusher speed acquisition module, the plastic hardness and density identification module, the time detection module, the plastic density identification module, and the display unit.
[0023] The crusher speed acquisition module detects the crusher spindle speed in real time by installing a speed sensor in the crushing device. .
[0024] Specifically, a Hall sensor is installed on the main shaft of the crushing device to detect the rotational speed of the crusher's main shaft in real time.
[0025] The time detection module detects the time when the plastic enters the crushing chamber using a pressure sensor. It utilizes the instantaneous pressure change caused by the impact or accumulation of the plastic as it falls into the crushing chamber as a signal of a "feeding event," and calculates the time difference between two consecutive events. .
[0026] The plastic hardness and density identification module identifies the type of plastic through a material identification system and retrieves the plastic hardness from a database. and plastic density When multiple types of plastics are included, the average value of the hardness and density of each type of plastic is taken.
[0027] In addition, a hardness detection module can be installed at the feed inlet, such as a Rockwell hardness tester to detect the hardness of plastics.
[0028] The power adaptive adjustment module uses a power adjustment coefficient model for power adjustment; the power adjustment coefficient model is as follows: (1) In the formula, This is the power adjustment coefficient. The rotational speed of the pulverizer. For plastic hardness, The time it takes for the plastic to enter the crushing chamber. For the density of the plastic, all the above parameters are dimensionless.
[0029] The power adjustment of motor 6 for: , (2) In the formula, This is the initial power setting.
[0030] The control unit obtains the adjustment power. Then the power of the crushing device is adjusted.
[0031] The display unit shows real-time information such as the current crusher speed, plastic hardness and density, time, and power adjustment value.
[0032] As shown in the power adjustment coefficient model above, when the set crusher speed is high and the plastic hardness is high, the power of motor 6 needs to be increased; while when the time t for the plastic to enter the crushing chamber is long and the plastic density is high, the power of motor 6 should be appropriately reduced. The power adjustment coefficient model comprehensively considers the influence of multiple factors such as crusher speed, plastic hardness, time for the plastic to enter the crushing chamber, and plastic density on the operation of the crushing device, in order to improve crushing efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and avoid energy waste due to motor overload or idling.
[0033] This invention also proposes a control method for a waste plastic product crushing device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step 101, Set the initial power ; Step 102: Monitor the main shaft speed of the crusher in real time using a speed sensor. ; Step 103: Detect the time it takes for the plastic to enter the crushing chamber using a pressure sensor. ; Step 104: Identify the type of plastic using the material identification system and retrieve the plastic hardness from the database. and plastic density When multiple types of plastics are included, the average value of the hardness and density of each type of plastic is taken. Step 105: Perform power adjustment using the power adjustment coefficient model; the power adjustment coefficient model is as follows: All the above parameters are dimensionless; Step 106, calculate the adjustment power : ; Step 107, Determine Is it greater than If not, no power adjustment is performed; if yes, a judgment is made. Is it greater than If not, adjust the power of the crushing device to If so, adjust the power of the crushing device to... .
[0034] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
[0035] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
[0036] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.
[0037] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus / terminal devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus / terminal device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
[0038] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.
[0039] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.
[0040] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A waste plastic product crushing device, characterized in that, The crushing device includes a control unit, a power adaptive adjustment module, a crusher speed acquisition module, a plastic hardness and density identification module, a time detection module, and a display unit; The control unit is connected to the power adaptive adjustment module, the crusher speed acquisition module, the plastic hardness and density identification module, the time detection module, the plastic density identification module, and the display unit; The crusher speed acquisition module detects the crusher spindle speed in real time by installing a speed sensor in the crushing device. ; The time detection module uses a pressure sensor to detect the time it takes for the plastic to enter the crushing chamber. ; The plastic hardness and density identification module identifies the type of plastic through a material identification system and retrieves the plastic hardness from a database. and plastic density ; The power adaptive adjustment module uses a power adjustment coefficient model for power adjustment; the power adjustment coefficient model is as follows: （1） All the above parameters are dimensionless; Adjust power for: ， （2） In the formula, The initial power setting; The control unit obtains the adjustment power. Then adjust the power of the crushing device; The display unit shows the current crusher speed, plastic hardness and density, time, and power adjustment value in real time.
2. The waste plastic product crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the main shaft speed of the crusher is... Hall effect sensors are used for detection.
3. In the waste plastic product crushing device according to claim 1, when the plastic hardness and density identification module includes multiple types of plastics, the average value of the hardness and density of each type of plastic is taken.
4. The waste plastic product crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor uses the instantaneous pressure change caused by the impact or accumulation of plastic when it falls into the crushing chamber as a signal of a feeding event, and calculates the time difference between two consecutive events. .
5. The waste plastic product crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a hardness detection module is provided at the feed inlet, and a Rockwell hardness tester is used to detect the hardness of the plastic.
6. A control method for a waste plastic product crushing device, characterized in that, The control method includes the following steps: Step 101, Set the initial power ; Step 102: Monitor the main shaft speed of the crusher in real time using a speed sensor. ; Step 103: Detect the time it takes for the plastic to enter the crushing chamber using a pressure sensor. ; Step 104: Identify the type of plastic using the material identification system and retrieve the plastic hardness from the database. and plastic density ; Step 105: Perform power adjustment using the power adjustment coefficient model; the power adjustment coefficient model is as follows: ； All the above parameters are dimensionless; Step 106, calculate the adjustment power : ; Step 107, Determine Is it greater than If not, no power adjustment is performed; if yes, a judgment is made. Is it greater than If not, adjust the power of the crushing device to If so, adjust the power of the crushing device to... .
7. The control method for the waste plastic product crushing device according to claim 6, wherein the main shaft speed of the crusher... Hall effect sensors are used for detection.
8. The control method for the waste plastic product crushing device according to claim 6, when multiple types of plastics are included, takes the average value of the hardness and density of each type of plastic.
9. The control method for the waste plastic product crushing device according to claim 6 utilizes the instantaneous pressure change caused by the impact or accumulation of plastic when it falls into the crushing chamber as a signal of a feeding event, and calculates the time difference between two consecutive events. .
10. The control method for the waste plastic product crushing device according to claim 6, wherein a Rockwell hardness tester is used to test the hardness of the plastic.