Concrete plastering device and plastering method for caisson top surface construction

Abstract

The invention discloses a concrete plastering device for caisson top surface construction and a plastering method, and relates to the related field of caisson top surface construction.The concrete plastering device comprises a vibrating plastering device body, and the top position of the vibrating plastering device body is connected with a winch of a tower crane body through a traction rope; the bottom of the tower crane body is fixed to the inner side of a caisson machining area, and a guide rail is slidably arranged on the inner side of the guide plate. And the execution end of the adjusting mechanism acts on the top position of the vibrator, so that the vibrator can be adjusted at different heights. According to the concrete plastering device and method for caisson top surface construction, the height of the vibrator can be accurately adjusted through the adjusting mechanism driven by the double-shaft motor, the concrete surface is fully vibrated, and internal bubbles are discharged; the rotating rollers are in linkage with the gas storage mechanism to generate gas, construction of the inclined toroidal surface of the top face of the caisson is adapted, synchronous operation of vibrating and plastering is considered, and the construction efficiency and the compactness and flatness of the concrete surface are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of caisson top surface construction, specifically to a concrete plastering device and plastering method for caisson top surface construction. Background Technology

[0002] The top surface of the caisson is a relatively large-diameter inclined annular surface. When constructing concrete on the top surface of the caisson, it is usually necessary to smooth the surface to improve the density and wear resistance of the concrete. Since the diameter of the top surface of the caisson is tens of meters or even more than 100 meters, the conventional smoothing method will result in low processing efficiency and a long overall cycle when the concrete top surface construction process is required. Therefore, a top surface concrete smoothing device that can realize short-cycle construction of large-sized caisson top surfaces is needed.

[0003] There are many types of existing surface finishing devices. For example, prior art 1 (Chinese patent application number CN201920667142.1, application date 2019-05-10) discloses a concrete surface finishing device. The finishing section of this device is mainly used to smooth the concrete, and the raised section ensures that the blade can rotate both forward and backward, effectively reducing cement accumulation. Although the above device can facilitate concrete surface finishing, it is only suitable for construction treatment of small areas. For example, when finishing the top of a caisson... The construction process is lengthy. Existing technology 2 (Chinese patent application number CN202120364361.X, application date 2021-02-07) discloses a concrete plastering device. This device uses a traveling mechanism to move the plastering component and limiting assembly as a whole. The plastering component performs plastering operations while moving with the traveling mechanism. The plastering component is connected to the traveling mechanism via a swing arm, allowing it to swing up and down relative to the traveling mechanism. Simultaneously, the limiting assembly restricts the maximum swing angle of the swing arm, facilitating the plastering component to... This concrete finishing device automatically resets itself under its own weight and adheres tightly to the concrete surface, improving its adaptability to different work surfaces. It achieves multi-position finishing through a crawling mechanism. However, this device is only suitable for horizontal finishing; when finishing on a sloping caisson, it can lead to uneven work. Existing technology 3 (Chinese patent application number CN202322437122.4, application date 2023-09-08) discloses a concrete finishing device that, through the combined action of an anti-splash device and a telescopic rod device, prevents cement from splashing everywhere during construction, affecting construction quality and progress. The anti-splash device prevents cement from being carried up by the finishing plate and splashing onto workers, avoiding further damage to the already finished surface. The telescopic rod device allows for convenient use whether standing, squatting, or sitting. The telescopic mechanism allows for position adjustment. However, when facing construction areas tens of meters long, multiple workers are needed, and the operation is cumbersome.

[0004] Although there are many types of existing finishing devices, when applied to the finishing of the top surface of large caissons, they not only have long construction cycles and poor operation convenience, but also have other technical defects: after the concrete is poured, due to insufficient vibration or air residue in the gaps between aggregates, tiny air bubbles are formed inside the structure; and during the finishing process, the concrete slurry is prone to sticking to the surface of the trowel due to its stickiness, which can cause scratches or slurry dragging defects on the finishing surface.

[0005] In view of this, a concrete plastering device and plastering method for the construction of the top surface of a caisson are proposed to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a concrete plastering device and method for the construction of the top surface of a caisson, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. There are many types of concrete plastering devices on the market, but when applied to the construction of the top surface of large-sized caissons, they not only have long construction cycles and poor operation convenience, but also have other technical defects: after the concrete is poured, due to insufficient vibration or air residue in the gaps between aggregates, tiny air bubbles are formed inside the structure; and during the plastering process, the concrete slurry is prone to adhere to the surface of the trowel due to its stickiness, which in turn causes scratches or slurry dragging defects on the plastered surface.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A concrete finishing device for caisson top surface construction includes a vibratory finishing device body. The top of the vibratory finishing device body is connected to the winch of a tower crane body via a traction rope. The bottom of the tower crane body is fixed to the inner side of the caisson processing area. Guide plates are bolted to the top and bottom edges of the caisson processing area, and guide rails are slidably arranged on the inner side of the guide plates. The vibratory finishing device body includes a bearing plate tied to the bottom of the traction rope. A driving component is fixed to the inner side of the lower end of the bearing plate. The output end of the driving component acts on one side of an adjustment mechanism, and the execution end of the adjustment mechanism acts on the top of the vibrator, realizing the adjustment of the vibrator to different heights.

[0009] A placement plate is fixed at the top of the support plate. A rotating plate is connected to one side of the placement plate via a hinge. Several sets of rotating rollers are rolled on the inner sides of both the rotating plate and the placement plate. The shaft end of one set of rotating rollers on the inner side of the placement plate is connected to the output end of the drive motor. The ends of the other rotating rollers are connected to an air storage mechanism. A second air supply pipe is connected to the outer side of the air storage mechanism. The bottom of the second air supply pipe acts on the outer side of the trowel, on the smoothed concrete, and on the blade of the trowel. The top corners of the trowel are connected to the top of the support plate via adjusting rods.

[0010] Preferably, the driving component is a dual-axis motor, and the adjusting mechanism includes a threaded rod fixed at the output end of the dual-axis motor. The outer side of the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the inner side of the threaded connecting sleeve. A movable rod is rotatably provided at the bottom of the threaded connecting sleeve. The bottom end of the movable rod is rotatably provided at the top of the moving plate. Several sets of vibrators are fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving plate. The left and right sides of the vibrators are connected to the bottom surface of the bearing plate through guide rods.

[0011] Preferably, the power input terminal of the vibrator is connected to the power source through a movable plate, and the movable plate forms a lifting structure with the interior of the bearing plate through a guide rod.

[0012] Preferably, a latch is provided on one side of the placement plate and the rotating plate, and the outer side of the rotating roller rotatably disposed on the inner side of the placement plate and the rotating plate is attached to the outer side of the guide rail.

[0013] Preferably, the gas storage mechanism includes a reciprocating screw fixedly connected to one side of the rotating roller. The outer side of the reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to the inner side of the receiving sleeve. A piston connecting rod is also threadedly connected to the outer side of the reciprocating screw. The outer bottom of the receiving sleeve is fixed to the top of the bearing plate. The outer side of the receiving sleeve is connected to the first gas supply pipe. The outer side of the first gas supply pipe is connected to the receiving pipe through the second gas supply pipe. The side of the first gas supply pipe closest to the second gas supply pipe is connected to the third gas supply pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the housing sleeve includes an exhaust valve located at one end connected to the first air supply pipe, and an intake valve is installed on the side of the housing sleeve near the exhaust valve. The housing sleeve has a square groove inside.

[0015] Preferably, a set of rubber rings is nested on the outer side of the piston connecting rod, and the outer wall of the rubber rings is tightly attached to the inner wall of the square groove. The piston connecting rod forms a back-and-forth sliding structure with the inside of the square groove through a reciprocating screw.

[0016] Preferably, an auxiliary roller is slidably disposed inside the receiving tube. The top outer side of the auxiliary roller is attached to the lower side of the traction rope, and a set of rubber rings is nested at the bottom of the auxiliary roller. The outer wall of the rubber rings is attached to the inner wall of the receiving tube.

[0017] Preferably, pressure valves are provided on the inner walls of both the second and third gas supply pipes, and the elastic force of the pressure valve inside the second gas supply pipe is less than that of the pressure valve inside the third gas supply pipe. In addition, a normally closed vent is provided on the outer side of the receiving pipe.

[0018] A method for applying concrete plaster to the top surface of a caisson, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0019] S1: Assemble and position the device. Fix the tower crane body inside the caisson processing area. Fix the guide plate to the top and bottom edges of the caisson processing area with bolts. Slide the guide rail inside the guide plate. Connect the bearing plate of the vibratory finishing device body to the winch of the tower crane body with the traction rope. Rotate the rotating plate to make it fit against the outside of the guide rail with the placement plate. Lock and fix to ensure that the outside of the rotating roller is close to the guide rail.

[0020] S2: Vibration height adjustment. Start the dual-shaft motor, and its output end drives the adjustment structure to move, realize the lifting and lowering of the guide rod, adjust the vibrator to the preset height that fits the concrete surface, and turn on the power of the vibrator.

[0021] S3: Vibration and finishing operation. Start the drive motor to rotate the inner rotating roller of the placement plate. For the processing area of ​​the caisson, the main body of the vibration and finishing device can be moved along the guide plate by the tower crane body. The rotating roller drives the air storage mechanism to run, so that the gas is blown to the finishing blade and concrete surface through the first air supply pipe and the second air supply pipe. The vibrator vibrates and removes air bubbles at the same time. The angle of the finishing device is adjusted by the adjusting rod.

[0022] S4: When the operation is completed and the gas pressure exceeds the preset value, the pressure valve of the third gas pipeline opens to release pressure, and the auxiliary roller component inside the pipe is attached to the traction rope for support; after the construction is completed, all drive components and vibrators are turned off, and the tower crane body moves the device away from the area.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The concrete finishing device and method for caisson top surface construction, through the adjustment mechanism driven by a dual-axis motor, can precisely adjust the height of the vibrator to achieve full vibration of the concrete surface and expel internal air bubbles; the rotating roller linkage air storage mechanism generates gas, which is blown onto the finishing blade and concrete surface through the air supply pipe to prevent slurry adhesion; at the same time, relying on the cooperation of tower crane and guide rail, the device is driven to move stably along the caisson processing area, adapting to the construction of the inclined annular surface of the caisson top surface, and accommodating simultaneous vibration and finishing operations, greatly improving construction efficiency and the density and flatness of the concrete surface, as detailed below:

[0024] 1. The placement plate and rotating plate in the device are fixed by a lock. Combined with the design of the rotating roller fitting the guide rail, the guiding stability of the device during movement can be ensured, and the surface finishing accuracy can be avoided due to deviation. At the same time, the rotating plate can be opened and closed to facilitate the installation of the guide rail and the maintenance of the device, thus improving the ease of operation.

[0025] 2. The gas storage mechanism uses the rotation of the rotating roller to drive the reciprocating screw and piston connecting rod to operate, without the need for an additional power source, realizing the linkage between movement guidance and gas supply, thus reducing energy consumption; and the gas supply pipe pressure valve is designed in stages, with the elasticity of the second gas supply pipe pressure valve being less than that of the third gas supply pipe, which can control the gas output as needed, ensuring the anti-sticking effect while avoiding excessive gas pressure waste. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the support plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the support plate structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the vibrator of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the rotating plate of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the receiving sleeve of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the receiving tube of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Main body of the vibratory finishing device; 2. Tower crane body; 3. Traction rope; 4. Guide plate; 5. Guide rail; 6. Caisson processing area; 7. Bearing plate; 8. Dual-shaft motor; 9. Threaded rod; 10. Threaded connecting sleeve; 11. Movable rod; 12. Moving plate; 13. Vibrator; 14. Guide rod; 15. Placement plate; 16. Rotating plate; 17. Drive motor; 18. Rotating roller; 19. Reciprocating screw; 20. Receiving sleeve; 201. Air outlet valve; 202. Air inlet valve; 203. Square groove; 21. Piston connecting rod; 22. First air supply pipe; 23. Second air supply pipe; 24. Receiving pipe; 25. Auxiliary roller component; 26. Third air supply pipe; 27. Adjusting rod; 28. Finishing device. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Please see Figures 1-9 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a concrete plastering device for the construction of the top surface of a caisson.

[0038] Example 1: While there are many types of concrete finishing devices on the market, their application in finishing the top surface of large-sized caissons not only results in long construction cycles and poor operational convenience, but also presents other technical defects: after concrete pouring, insufficient vibration or residual air between aggregates can lead to the formation of micro-buoys within the structure; furthermore, during the finishing process, the concrete slurry tends to adhere to the trowel surface due to its stickiness, causing scratches or slurry dragging defects on the finished surface. (See attached...) Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 6 -Appendix Figure 9 A placement plate 15 is fixed to the top of the support plate 7. A rotating plate 16 is connected to one side of the placement plate 15 via a hinge. Several sets of rotating rollers 18 are rolled on the inner sides of both the rotating plate 16 and the placement plate 15. The shaft end of one set of rotating rollers 18 on the inner side of the placement plate 15 is connected to the output end of the drive motor 17, and the ends of the other rotating rollers 18 are connected to the air storage mechanism. A second air supply pipe 23 is connected to the outer side of the air storage mechanism. The bottom of the second air supply pipe 23 acts on the outer side of the trowel 28, on the smoothed concrete and on the blade of the trowel 28, and around the top of the trowel 28. The corner position is connected to the top position of the support plate 7 via the adjusting rod 27; a latch is provided on one side of the placement plate 15 and the rotating plate 16, and the outer side of the rotating roller 18 rotatably mounted on the inner side of the placement plate 15 and the rotating plate 16 is attached to the outer side of the guide rail 5; the air storage mechanism includes a reciprocating screw 19 fixedly connected to one side of the rotating roller 18, the outer side of the reciprocating screw 19 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the receiving sleeve 20, and a piston connecting rod 21 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the reciprocating screw 19; the outer bottom of the receiving sleeve 20 is fixed to the top position of the support plate 7, and the outer side of the receiving sleeve 20 is respectively connected to the first air supply. The pipes 22 are connected, and the outer side of the first gas supply pipe 22 is connected to the receiving pipe 24 through the second gas supply pipe 23. The side of the first gas supply pipe 22 near the second gas supply pipe 23 is connected to the third gas supply pipe 26. The receiving sleeve 20 includes an exhaust valve 201, which is located at the end connected to the first gas supply pipe 22. An intake valve 202 is installed on the side of the receiving sleeve 20 near the exhaust valve 201. A square groove 203 is formed inside the receiving sleeve 20. A set of rubber rings is nested on the outer side of the piston connecting rod 21, and the outer wall of the rubber rings is tightly attached to the inner wall of the square groove 203. The plug connecting rod 21 forms a back-and-forth sliding structure between the reciprocating screw 19 and the inside of the square groove 203; an auxiliary roller 25 is slidably arranged inside the receiving tube 24, the top outer side of the auxiliary roller 25 is attached to the lower side of the traction rope 3, and a set of rubber rings is nested at the bottom of the auxiliary roller 25, with the outer wall of the rubber rings attached to the inner wall of the receiving tube 24; pressure valves are provided on the inner walls of the second air supply pipe 23 and the third air supply pipe 26, and the elasticity of the pressure valve inside the second air supply pipe 23 is less than that of the pressure valve inside the third air supply pipe 26; in addition, a normally closed vent is provided on the outer side of the receiving tube 24.

[0039] First, the placement plate 15 and the rotating plate 16 are fixed together by a locking buckle on one side, so that several sets of rotating rollers 18 on the inner side are tightly attached to the outer side of the guide rail 5, providing a guiding foundation for the movement of the device; the drive motor 17 is started, and its output end drives a set of rotating rollers 18 on the inner side of the placement plate 15 to rotate. This rotating roller 18 drives other rotating rollers 18 to roll synchronously along the guide rail 5 through the friction of the contact. In conjunction with the tower crane body 2, the main body 1 of the vibratory finishing device can move along the caisson processing area 6; the rotating rollers 18 are fixedly connected to the non-drive end. The reciprocating screw 19 rotates synchronously with the rotating roller 18. Because the reciprocating screw 19 is threadedly engaged with the piston connecting rod 21, and the outer rubber ring of the piston connecting rod 21 is tightly pressed against the inner wall of the square groove 203 of the receiving sleeve 20, the rotation of the reciprocating screw 19 is converted into the reciprocating sliding of the piston connecting rod 21 within the square groove 203: when the piston connecting rod 21 slides outward, the air pressure inside the receiving sleeve 20 decreases, and the air inlet valve 202 opens to draw in air; when it slides inward, the air pressure increases, the air outlet valve 201 opens, and compressed air enters the first air delivery pipe 22; After the air enters the first air supply pipe 22, the pressure valve on the inner wall of the second air supply pipe 23, which has a smaller elasticity, opens first, and compressed air is blown onto the blade of the trowel 28 and the concrete surface. This removes the concrete slurry adhering to the blade and helps to smooth the concrete surface. If the air pressure exceeds the preset value, the pressure valve on the inner wall of the third air supply pipe 26, which has a larger elasticity, opens to release pressure and prevent damage to the pipe. Some of the gas enters the receiving pipe 24, pushing the auxiliary roller 25 to slide upward, so that its top is in contact with the lower side of the traction rope 3, providing support for the traction rope 3 to reduce device shaking and avoid irregular friction between the blade and the concrete surface caused by shaking, further reducing scratches and slurry dragging. The angle of the trowel 28 can also be adjusted by the adjusting rod 27. In addition, the angle of the trowel 28 can be flexibly adjusted by the adjusting rod 27 to perfectly adapt to the construction requirements of the inclined annular surface of the caisson top, ensuring that the blade can still make uniform contact with the concrete surface when constructing special curved surfaces. Combined with the air blowing action, this comprehensively solves the problem of slurry adhesion when troweling inclined surfaces, improving troweling accuracy and surface flatness.

[0040] Example 2: For easier compaction, please refer to the attached document. Figure 2 -Appendix Figure 5The system includes a vibratory finishing device body 1. The top of the vibratory finishing device body 1 is connected to the winch of the tower crane body 2 via a traction rope 3. The bottom of the tower crane body 2 is fixed to the inner side of the caisson processing area 6. Guide plates 4 are bolted to the top and bottom edges of the caisson processing area 6, and guide rails 5 are slidably installed on the inner side of the guide plates 4. The vibratory finishing device body 1 includes a bearing plate 7 tied to the bottom of the traction rope 3. A driving component is fixed to the inner side of the lower end of the bearing plate 7. The output end of the driving component acts on one side of the adjustment mechanism, and the execution end of the adjustment mechanism acts on the top of the vibrator 13, enabling the vibrator 13 to move at different heights. The adjustment mechanism includes a dual-axis motor 8 as the driving component and a threaded rod 9 fixed at the output end of the dual-axis motor 8. The outer side of the threaded rod 9 is threadedly connected to the inner side of the threaded connecting sleeve 10. A movable rod 11 is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the threaded connecting sleeve 10. The bottom end of the movable rod 11 is rotatably mounted on the top of the movable plate 12. Several sets of vibrators 13 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable plate 12. The left and right sides of the vibrators 13 are connected to the bottom surface of the bearing plate 7 through guide rods 14. The power input end of the vibrator 13 is connected to the power source through the movable plate 12. The movable plate 12 forms a lifting structure with the interior of the bearing plate 7 through the guide rods 14.

[0041] First, the main body 1 of the vibratory finishing device is connected to the winch of the tower crane body 2 via the traction rope 3. The tower crane body 2 is fixed inside the caisson processing area 6, providing a foundation for the device's hoisting. The guide plate 4 and guide rail 5 at the edge of the caisson processing area 6 limit the device's movement trajectory and ensure stability. The dual-shaft motor 8 on the inner side of the lower end of the bearing plate 7 is started, and its two output ends synchronously drive the threaded rod 9 to rotate. Because the threaded rod 9 is threadedly engaged with the threaded connecting sleeve 10, the rotation of the threaded rod 9 causes the threaded connecting sleeve 10 to move axially. The movable rod 11, which is rotatably connected to the bottom of the threaded connecting sleeve 10, deflects at an angle as it moves, and the other end of the movable rod 11 is connected to the moving... The movable plate 12 is rotatably connected, so the angle change of the movable rod 11 is converted into the vertical linear movement of the movable plate 12. The vibrator 13, which is fixed to the bottom of the movable plate 12, rises and falls synchronously with the movable plate 12. The guide rods 14 on the left and right sides of the vibrator 13 are slidably connected to the bottom surface of the bearing plate 7. The guide rods 14 restrict the lateral displacement of the movable plate 12, ensuring that the vibrator 13 only moves vertically. When the vibrator 13 drops to the preset height that fits the concrete surface, the dual-axis motor 8 is stopped, and the power supply to the vibrator 13 is turned on through the movable plate 12. The vibrator 13 can then expel air bubbles inside the concrete and improve the compaction. When the depth needs to be adjusted, the above process can be repeated.

[0042] A method for applying concrete plaster to the top surface of a caisson, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0043] S1: Assemble and position the device. Fix the tower crane body 2 inside the caisson processing area 6. Fix the guide plate 4 to the top and bottom edges of the caisson processing area 6 with bolts. Slide the guide rail 5 inside the guide plate 4. Connect the bearing plate 7 of the vibratory finishing device body 1 to the winch of the tower crane body 2 with the traction rope 3. Rotate the rotating plate 16 so that it is in contact with the outer side of the guide rail 5 with the placement plate 15. Lock and fix it to ensure that the outer side of the rotating roller 18 is in close contact with the guide rail 5.

[0044] S2: Vibration height adjustment. Start the dual-shaft motor 8. Its output end drives the adjustment structure to move, realize the lifting and lowering of the guide rod 14, adjust the vibrator 13 to the preset height that fits the concrete surface, and connect the power supply of the vibrator 13.

[0045] S3: Vibration and finishing operation. Start the drive motor 17 to drive the inner rotating roller 18 of the placement plate 15 to rotate. For the processing area 6 of the caisson, the main body of the vibration and finishing device 1 can be moved along the guide plate 4 by the tower crane body 2. The rotating roller 18 drives the air storage mechanism to run, so that the gas is blown to the blade of the finishing tool 28 and the concrete surface through the first air supply pipe 22 and the second air supply pipe 23. The vibrator 13 vibrates and removes air bubbles at the same time. The angle of the finishing tool 28 is adjusted by the adjusting rod 27 for finishing.

[0046] S4: When the operation is completed and the gas pressure exceeds the preset value, the pressure valve of the third gas supply pipe 26 is opened to release pressure, and the auxiliary roller component 25 in the receiving pipe 24 is attached to the traction rope 3 for support; after the construction is completed, all drive components and vibrator 13 are turned off, and the tower crane body 2 moves the device away from the area.

[0047] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A concrete finishing device for the construction of the top surface of a caisson, comprising a vibratory finishing device body (1), wherein the top position of the vibratory finishing device body (1) is connected to the winch of a tower crane body (2) via a traction rope (3), the bottom position of the tower crane body (2) is fixed to the inner side of the caisson processing area (6), and guide plates (4) are bolted to the top and bottom edges of the caisson processing area (6), and guide rails (5) are slidably arranged on the inner side of the guide plates (4), characterized in that: The main body (1) of the vibratory finishing device includes a support plate (7) tied to the bottom of the traction rope (3). A driving component is fixed to the inner side of the lower end of the support plate (7). The output end of the driving component acts on one side of the adjustment mechanism. The execution end of the adjustment mechanism acts on the top of the vibrator (13) to realize the adjustment of the vibrator (13) to different heights. A placement plate (15) is fixed to the top of the support plate (7). A rotating plate (16) is connected to one side of the placement plate (15) by a hinge. The inner sides of the rotating plate (16) and the placement plate (15) are both rolled. A number of sets of rotating rollers (18) are provided. The shaft end of one set of rotating rollers (18) inside the placement plate (15) is connected to the output end of the drive motor (17). The ends of the other rotating rollers (18) are connected to the air storage mechanism. The outer side of the air storage mechanism is connected to the second air supply pipe (23). The bottom of the second air supply pipe (23) acts on the outer side of the trowel (28), on the smoothed concrete and the blade position of the trowel (28). The corner positions of the top of the trowel (28) are connected to the top position of the support plate (7) through the adjustment rod (27).

2. The concrete finishing device for caisson top surface construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component is a dual-axis motor (8). The adjustment mechanism includes a threaded rod (9) fixed at the output end of the dual-axis motor (8). The outer side of the threaded rod (9) is threadedly connected to the inner side of the threaded connecting sleeve (10). A movable rod (11) is rotatably provided at the bottom of the threaded connecting sleeve (10). The bottom end of the movable rod (11) is rotatably provided at the top of the moving plate (12). Several sets of vibrators (13) are fixedly connected at the bottom of the moving plate (12). The left and right sides of the vibrator (13) are connected to the bottom surface of the bearing plate (7) through guide rods (14).

3. A concrete finishing device for the construction of the top surface of a caisson according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power input terminal of the vibrator (13) is connected to the power source through the moving plate (12), and the moving plate (12) forms a lifting structure with the interior of the bearing plate (7) through the guide rod (14).

4. A concrete finishing device for the construction of the top surface of a caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The placement plate (15) and the rotating plate (16) are provided with a latch on one side, and the outer side of the rotating roller (18) rotatably disposed on the inner side of the placement plate (15) and the rotating plate (16) is attached to the outer side of the guide rail (5).

5. A concrete finishing device for the construction of the top surface of a caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage mechanism includes a reciprocating screw (19) fixedly connected to one side of the rotating roller (18). The outer side of the reciprocating screw (19) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the receiving sleeve (20). The outer side of the reciprocating screw (19) is also threadedly connected to a piston connecting rod (21). The outer bottom of the receiving sleeve (20) is fixed to the top of the bearing plate (7). The outer side of the receiving sleeve (20) is connected to the first gas supply pipe (22). The outer side of the first gas supply pipe (22) is connected to the receiving pipe (24) through the second gas supply pipe (23). The side of the first gas supply pipe (22) near the second gas supply pipe (23) is connected to the third gas supply pipe (26).

6. A concrete finishing device for the construction of the top surface of a caisson according to claim 5, characterized in that: The interior of the receiving sleeve (20) includes an air outlet valve (201), which is located at one end connected to the first air supply pipe (22). An air inlet valve (202) is installed on the side of the receiving sleeve (20) near the air outlet valve (201). A square groove (203) is provided inside the receiving sleeve (20).

7. A concrete finishing device for the construction of the top surface of a caisson according to claim 5, characterized in that: A set of rubber rings is nested on the outside of the piston connecting rod (21), and the outer wall of the rubber rings is tightly attached to the inner wall of the square groove (203). The piston connecting rod (21) forms a back-and-forth sliding structure with the inside of the square groove (203) through the reciprocating screw (19).

8. A concrete finishing device for the construction of the top surface of a caisson according to claim 7, characterized in that: An auxiliary roller (25) is slidably disposed inside the receiving tube (24). The top outer side of the auxiliary roller (25) is attached to the lower side of the traction rope (3). A set of rubber rings is also nested at the bottom of the auxiliary roller (25), and the outer wall of the rubber rings is attached to the inner wall of the receiving tube (24).

9. A concrete finishing device for the construction of the top surface of a caisson according to claim 7, characterized in that: Pressure valves are provided on the inner walls of the second gas pipe (23) and the third gas pipe (26), and the elastic force of the pressure valve inside the second gas pipe (23) is less than that of the pressure valve inside the third gas pipe (26). In addition, a normally closed vent is provided on the outside of the receiving pipe (24).

10. A method for applying concrete plastering to the top surface of a caisson, which is applied to the concrete plastering device for the top surface of a caisson according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The specific method for this smearing technique is as follows: S1: Assemble and position the device. Fix the tower crane body (2) inside the caisson processing area (6). Fix the guide plate (4) to the top and bottom edges of the caisson processing area (6) with bolts. Slide the guide rail (5) inside the guide plate (4). Connect the bearing plate (7) of the vibratory finishing device body (1) to the winch of the tower crane body (2) with the traction rope (3). Rotate the rotating plate (16) so that it is in contact with the outside of the guide rail (5) and the placement plate (15). Lock and fix it to ensure that the outside of the rotating roller (18) is in close contact with the guide rail (5). S2: Vibration height adjustment, start the dual-shaft motor (8), its output end drives the adjustment structure to move, realize the lifting of the guide rod (14), adjust the vibrator (13) to the preset height that fits the concrete surface, and connect the power supply of the vibrator (13); S3: Vibration and finishing operation, start the drive motor (17) to drive the inner rotating roller (18) of the placement plate (15) to rotate. For the processing area (6) of the caisson, the main body (1) of the vibration and finishing device can be moved along the guide plate (4) by the tower crane body (2). The rotating roller (18) drives the air storage mechanism to run, so that the gas is blown to the blade of the finishing tool (28) and the concrete surface through the first air supply pipe (22) and the second air supply pipe (23). The vibrator (13) vibrates and removes air bubbles at the same time. The angle of the finishing tool (28) is adjusted by the adjusting rod (27). S4: When the work is finished and the gas pressure exceeds the preset value, the pressure valve of the third gas pipeline (26) is opened to release the pressure, and the auxiliary roller (25) in the receiving pipe (24) is attached to the traction rope (3) for support; after the construction is completed, all drive components and vibrators (13) are turned off, and the tower crane body (2) moves the device away from the area.

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