Primary and secondary collaborative planning construction method and device for power distribution area, and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a power distribution area primary and secondary collaborative planning construction method and device and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a power distribution area primary and secondary collaborative planning construction scheme typical mode set; partitioning a to-be-planned and constructed power distribution area; establishing a distribution transformer configuration joint matrix in a distribution area; based on the distribution transformer configuration joint matrix of the distribution area, constructing a distribution area construction operation total cost model of each construction scheme in the distribution area to be planned and constructed; with the purpose of minimizing the total cost expenditure consumed by the distribution transformer in the whole life cycle, a newly-built area distribution transformer addressing and sizing mathematical model is constructed; and solving the addressing and sizing mathematical model of the distribution transformer in the newly-built transformer area by adopting a genetic algorithm to obtain the capacity configuration of the distribution transformer in the distribution transformer area under each construction scheme and the connection relation result of the distribution transformer and the supplied load. Standardized construction and high-quality development of a power distribution area can be supported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power distribution network planning and design technology, and in particular to a method, equipment and medium for the coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution substations. Background Technology

[0002] Distribution transformer substations, serving as the last mile of the power grid and directly facing users, are crucial for the high-quality development of the distribution network. For a long time, distribution transformer substations have relied on experience for planning, design, and construction, with designs primarily focused on primary equipment and secondary terminals mainly consisting of smart meters, resulting in a severe shortage of related interactive control terminals. Driven by IoT technology, pilot projects for new interactive control terminals have been conducted in relevant regional distribution networks, promoting the planning and design of secondary systems in distribution transformer substations.

[0003] Under the construction of new power systems, the coordinated planning, design, and construction of primary and secondary distribution substations, and the realization of coordinated configuration and interactive control of multiple elements within the substations, are crucial to improving their carrying capacity and reliability. However, a standardized planning and design scheme has not yet been established. For a long time, the primary and secondary systems of distribution substations have been planned and designed separately, lacking coordinated planning and design. This lack of coordinated and systematic planning and design makes it difficult to meet the requirements of the multi-element access under the construction of new power systems, making the need for coordinated planning and design of primary and secondary distribution substations increasingly urgent. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method, equipment and medium for the coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution substations, which can support the standardized construction and high-quality development of distribution substations.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide a method for primary and secondary coordinated planning and construction of a distribution radio station area, comprising the following steps: Construct a set of typical models for the coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution radio areas; The planned and constructed power distribution area is divided into zones to obtain... An irregular partition for electricity users; Establish dimensions as A joint matrix for the configuration of distribution transformers in distribution substation areas, wherein the first column of the joint matrix corresponds to the rated capacity of the distribution transformers in each irregular zone, and the second column to the... The columns represent the connection relationships between the loads and distribution transformers in each irregular zone; Based on the joint matrix of distribution transformer configuration in the distribution substation area, a model of the total construction and operation cost of the distribution substation is constructed for each construction scheme in the typical model set of the primary and secondary collaborative planning and construction schemes of the distribution substation area to be planned and constructed. Based on the total cost model of the construction and operation of the distribution transformer area for each construction scheme, and with the goal of minimizing the total cost of the distribution transformer throughout its entire life cycle, a mathematical model for the location and capacity determination of the distribution transformer in the new distribution transformer area is constructed. A genetic algorithm was used to solve the mathematical model for the location and capacity determination of the newly built distribution transformer area, and the results of the distribution transformer capacity configuration and its connection relationship with the supplied load in the distribution transformer area under each construction scheme were obtained.

[0006] The typical model set of primary and secondary coordinated planning and construction schemes for distribution substations includes at least one of the following construction schemes: low-penetration distribution room substation scheme, medium-high penetration distribution room substation scheme, low-penetration box-type / pole-mounted transformer substation scheme, medium-high penetration box-type / pole-mounted transformer substation scheme, distributed power centralized transmission substation scheme, low-voltage flexible interconnection substation scheme, and residential community substation scheme.

[0007] The load of each irregular zone is represented by a point load at the load center, and each load point is powered by a unique distribution transformer.

[0008] When it is not suitable to configure a distribution transformer within a certain irregular partition, all elements in the row corresponding to the irregular partition in the distribution transformer configuration joint matrix of the distribution area are all zero.

[0009] The total cost model for the construction and operation of the distribution substation is expressed as follows: ,in, For the first The total construction and operation cost of the distribution substation area under this construction plan. For the first The comprehensive investment cost of the distribution transformers in the distribution substation of the various construction schemes is expressed as follows: , For the distribution area number The rated capacity of the distribution transformer to be built This represents the total number of distribution transformers to be built. The unit purchase cost of the distribution transformer. The floor area occupied by a single distribution transformer. Cost per unit of land occupied; For the first The annual operating cost of the distribution transformer for this construction scheme is expressed as: , For the distribution area number Annual operating costs of a planned distribution transformer; For the first The comprehensive investment cost of the secondary side of the distribution transformer to be constructed under this construction scheme is expressed as follows: , For the first The load capacity of the point load, This is the comprehensive investment cost coefficient for the secondary side conductor. For the distribution area number The planned distribution transformer and the first The distance between point loads; For the first The network loss cost of the secondary side outgoing lines of the distribution transformer in this construction scheme is expressed as: , To calculate the electricity price within the calculation period, This refers to the resistance per unit length of the outgoing line. The number of hours consumed per year. This is the rated voltage of the transformer substation. For the power factor of the transformer area, For the distribution area of ​​the radio station A collection of load points supplied by a planned distribution transformer.

[0010] The genetic algorithm is used to solve the mathematical model for the location and capacity determination of the newly built distribution transformer area, obtaining the distribution transformer capacity configuration and its connection relationship with the supplied loads for each construction scheme. Specifically, this includes: Forming a series of rated capacity series of distribution transformers; An input parameter matrix is ​​formed based on the coordinates and load of each irregular geographical zone. Calculate the total load of the transformer area based on the input parameter matrix; Based on the total load of the distribution area, determine the maximum and minimum number of distribution transformers that can be configured in the planned distribution area; Set the maximum number of iterations, population size, and mutation rate of the genetic algorithm, and input the input parameter matrix, the total load of the distribution area, and the maximum and minimum number of distribution transformers that can be configured in the distribution area to be planned and constructed. Generated according to the encoding strategy Each chromosome forms the initial population; Calculate the objective function value of the mathematical model for the addressing and capacity determination of the new distribution transformer in each chromosome of the population, and use the objective function value as the fitness. Perform chromosome selection, crossover, and mutation operations; If the current iteration count is less than the maximum iteration count, return the objective function value of the mathematical model for the addressing and capacity determination of the new distribution transformer in the population for each chromosome. If the current iteration number equals the maximum iteration number, the optimal chromosome is output, and the optimal chromosome is inversely transformed according to the encoding strategy to obtain the distribution transformer capacity configuration of the distribution area and its connection relationship with the supplied load.

[0011] The coding strategy includes a transformer capacity location coding strategy and a transformer-irregular zone correspondence coding strategy. The transformer capacity location coding strategy refers to using binary codes to correspond whether each irregular zone is equipped with a distribution transformer and the capacity level of the distribution transformer. The transformer-irregular zone correspondence coding strategy refers to using binary codes to represent the connection relationship between each small zone and the distribution transformer.

[0012] The crossover operation employs a single-parent, single-child, single-point crossover, randomly selecting a breakpoint on the chromosome and exchanging the right segments of the breakpoint to form new offspring; the mutation operation randomly selects the genes of the chromosome to be mutated according to the set mutation rate, and performs mutation according to the gene dependency and mutual exclusion relationship.

[0013] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above-mentioned method for primary and secondary coordinated planning and construction of distribution substations.

[0014] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method for primary and secondary coordinated planning and construction of distribution radio stations are implemented.

[0015] Beneficial effects By adopting the above-mentioned technical solutions, this invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art: This invention proposes a typical construction scheme for distribution substations, and builds a mathematical model of the total cost of various typical construction schemes based on the typical construction schemes. It also provides a solution process based on optimization algorithms, which realizes the determination of the primary and secondary construction modes of distribution substations and the capacity and address configuration of distribution transformers under the construction mode and their connection relationship with the supplied loads in one step. This facilitates the primary and secondary collaborative planning and construction of distribution substations and supports the standardized construction and high-quality development of distribution substations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the primary and secondary collaborative planning and construction method for distribution radio stations according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the low-penetration power distribution room area scheme in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the high-penetration power distribution room area scheme in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the low-permeability box-type / pole-mounted transformer substation scheme in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the high-penetration box-type / pole-mounted transformer substation scheme in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is an architecture diagram of the distributed power supply centralized transmission area scheme in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a diagram of the transformer scheme architecture in a residential community according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a diagram of the low-voltage flexible interconnection area scheme in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a distribution diagram of unit buildings in the transformer substation according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the optimal distribution transformer addressing and capacity determination results obtained in the first embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0018] The first embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution radio areas, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct a set of typical models for the coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution substations. This set of typical models includes: low-penetration substation schemes, medium-to-high-penetration substation schemes, low-penetration box-type / pole-mounted transformer substation schemes, medium-to-high-penetration box-type / pole-mounted transformer substation schemes, centralized distributed power supply substation schemes, low-voltage flexible interconnection substation schemes, and residential community substation schemes (high household-to-pile ratio).

[0019] The low-penetration distribution room solution is mainly used in urban public distribution rooms to supply power to residential and small-scale industrial and commercial users. It features low distributed power penetration, is applicable to scenarios with an average load rate ≤80%, and has no power backflow. The solution architecture is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the main configuration is as follows: System main wiring: The main wiring adopts a single busbar or a single busbar segmented wiring, with 2 to 12 outgoing lines. The low-voltage grid adopts a radial structure and uses a three-phase four-wire power supply.

[0020] The main primary equipment configuration is as follows: the distribution transformer adopts a high-efficiency, energy-saving, oil-immersed, fully sealed, low-loss oil-immersed three-phase transformer; the reactive power compensation adopts intelligent capacitor banks or SVG; and the low-voltage switchgear adopts low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers.

[0021] Main secondary terminal configuration: The solution uses electricity meters as the core to form a secondary system. The transformer area terminals adopt smart converged terminals, and the smart terminals (meters) adopt smart meters and smart IoT meters. The data acquisition terminals, smart meters, and concentrators are mainly used for collecting electricity consumption information.

[0022] Information System: Employing a cloud-edge-device communication approach, primarily utilizing RS485, broadband carrier, and wireless communication technologies. Information is collected by meters, acquisition terminals, and concentrators, with data aggregated at the concentrators for communication with the main station. The concentrators store operational control data and upload it to the user acquisition main station, which then pushes it to the IoT management platform for use by the distribution network control center; they also store protection data and upload it to the user acquisition main station, which pushes it to the IoT management platform for use by different business operations; they store electricity metering data and upload it to the user acquisition information collection front-end for use by the user acquisition system; and they store auxiliary monitoring data and upload it to the user acquisition main station, which pushes it to the IoT management platform for use by different business operations.

[0023] Protection and Control: Low-voltage circuit breakers should have instantaneous short-circuit protection, long-delay protection, and shunt trip functions. They should be configured with undervoltage tripping and low-voltage lockout closing functions according to actual needs, and residual current protection devices should also be configured. The concentrator achieves active power control of the distribution area by adjusting the active power output of the inverter through photovoltaic sensing terminals. Controllable loads are switched on and off via intelligent switches.

[0024] The medium-to-high penetration rate distribution room scheme is mainly used to supply power to users such as hospitals and schools, and includes distribution rooms with distributed power sources. The distributed power sources have a medium-to-high penetration rate and adopt a self-consumption model with surplus power fed into the grid, which may result in power backflow during certain periods. The scheme architecture is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the main configurations are as follows: System main wiring: The main wiring adopts a single busbar or a single busbar segmented wiring, with 2 to 12 outgoing lines. The low-voltage grid adopts a radial structure and uses a three-phase four-wire power supply.

[0025] Main primary equipment configuration: The distribution transformer adopts a high-efficiency, energy-saving, oil-immersed, fully sealed, low-loss oil-immersed three-phase transformer; reactive power compensation adopts intelligent capacitor banks or SVG; and low-voltage switchgear adopts low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers. The low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers are arranged on the outgoing side of the controlled branches such as distributed power sources and energy storage in the low-voltage integrated distribution box.

[0026] Main secondary terminal configuration: This solution uses smart terminals as the core of the secondary system. The distribution area terminals adopt smart converged terminals, and the smart terminals (meters) include smart meters and smart IoT meters. The distribution area converged terminals are located in the low-voltage integrated distribution box, configured according to the principle of "one distribution area, one terminal"; low-voltage smart meters are located in the user's side meter box, with one meter per user; low-voltage smart IoT meters are located in the meter boxes of distributed photovoltaic, energy storage systems, charging piles, etc., with one meter per user.

[0027] Information System: Employing a cloud-edge-device communication approach, the system primarily utilizes RS485, broadband carrier, and wireless technologies. Information is collected by smart meters, acquisition terminals, and concentrators, with data aggregated at the concentrators for communication with the main station. The concentrators store operational control data and upload it to the user acquisition main station, which then pushes it to the IoT management platform for use by the distribution network control center. They also store protection data and upload it to the user acquisition main station, which pushes it to the IoT management platform for use by various business operations. Furthermore, they store electricity metering data and upload it to the user acquisition information collection front-end for use by the user acquisition system. Finally, they store auxiliary monitoring data and upload it to the user acquisition main station, which pushes it to the IoT management platform for use by various business operations.

[0028] Protection and Control: Low-voltage circuit breakers should have instantaneous short-circuit protection, long-delay protection, and shunt trip functions. They should be configured with undervoltage tripping and low-voltage lockout closing functions according to actual needs, and residual current protection devices should also be configured. The concentrator achieves active power control of the distribution area by adjusting the active power output of the inverter through photovoltaic sensing terminals. Controllable loads are switched on and off via intelligent switches.

[0029] The low-penetration box-type / pole-mounted transformer substation solution is mainly used in urban and rural areas with low distributed power supply penetration. It is applicable to scenarios with an average load rate ≤80% and no power backflow. The architecture of this solution is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the main configurations are as follows: System main wiring: The main wiring adopts a single busbar or line transformer group connection, with 4 to 6 outgoing lines. The low-voltage grid adopts a radial structure and uses a three-phase four-wire power supply.

[0030] Main primary equipment configuration: The distribution transformer adopts a high-efficiency, energy-saving, oil-immersed, fully sealed, low-loss oil-immersed three-phase transformer; reactive power compensation adopts intelligent capacitor banks and SVG; low-voltage power distribution equipment adopts low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers. The low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers are arranged on the outgoing side of the controlled branches such as distributed power sources and energy storage in the low-voltage integrated distribution box.

[0031] Main secondary terminal configuration: The solution uses electricity meters as the core of the secondary system. The distribution area terminals adopt intelligent converged terminals, and the intelligent terminals (meters) include smart meters and smart IoT meters. The distribution area converged terminals are located in low-voltage integrated distribution boxes, configured according to the principle of "one distribution area, one terminal." Low-voltage smart meters should comply with Southern Power Grid standards and be located in the user's side meter box, with one meter per user. Low-voltage smart IoT meters should also comply with Southern Power Grid standards and be located in the meter boxes of distributed photovoltaic, energy storage systems, charging piles, etc., with one meter per user.

[0032] Information System: Employing a cloud-edge-device communication approach, the system primarily utilizes RS485, broadband carrier, and wireless technologies. Information is collected from meters, acquisition terminals, and concentrators, with data aggregated at the concentrators for communication with the main station. The concentrators store operational control data and upload it to the user acquisition main station, which then pushes it to the IoT management platform for use by the distribution network control service center. They also store protection data and upload it to the user acquisition main station, which pushes it to the IoT management platform for use by various business operations. Furthermore, they store electricity metering data and upload it to the user acquisition information collection front-end for use by the user acquisition system. Finally, they store auxiliary monitoring data and upload it to the user acquisition main station, which pushes it to the IoT management platform for use by various business operations.

[0033] Control and Protection: Low-voltage circuit breakers have instantaneous short-circuit and long-delay protection functions, as well as shunt trip functions. They should be configured with undervoltage tripping and low-voltage lockout closing functions according to actual needs, and residual current protection devices should also be configured. The concentrator achieves active power control of the distribution area by adjusting the active power output of the inverter through photovoltaic sensing terminals. Controllable loads are switched on and off via intelligent switches.

[0034] The medium-to-high penetration rate box-type / pole-mounted substation solution is mainly used in urban and rural areas. Through integrated terminals, it enables dynamic management and control of distributed resources such as distributed photovoltaic systems, energy storage, reactive power compensation devices, and power quality management devices, achieving on-site management, control, and regulation of the substation area. The solution architecture is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the main configurations are as follows: System main wiring: The main wiring adopts a single busbar connection with 1 to 3 outgoing lines. The low-voltage grid adopts a radial structure and uses a three-phase four-wire power supply.

[0035] Main primary equipment configuration: The distribution transformer adopts a high-efficiency, energy-saving, oil-immersed, fully sealed, low-loss oil-immersed three-phase transformer; reactive power compensation adopts intelligent capacitor banks or SVG; low-voltage power distribution equipment adopts low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers. The low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers are arranged on the outgoing side of the controlled branches such as distributed power sources and energy storage in the low-voltage integrated distribution box.

[0036] Main secondary terminal configuration: This solution uses integrated terminals as the core of the secondary system. The distribution area terminals are intelligent integrated terminals, and the intelligent terminals (meters) include smart meters and smart IoT meters. The integrated terminals are located in the low-voltage integrated distribution boxes, configured according to the principle of "one terminal per distribution area." Low-voltage smart meters are located in the user's side meter boxes, with one meter per user. Low-voltage smart IoT meters are located in the meter boxes of distributed photovoltaic systems, energy storage systems, charging piles, etc., also with one meter per user.

[0037] Information System: Employing a cloud-edge-device communication approach, the system primarily utilizes RS485, broadband carrier, and wireless technologies. Information is collected by meters, acquisition terminals, and converged terminals. Data is aggregated at the converged terminal and then interacts with the main station. The converged terminal stores operational control data and uploads it to the IoT management platform for use by the distribution network control center; it stores protection data and uploads it to the IoT management platform and the consumption and procurement information front-end for use by different services; it stores electricity metering data and uploads it to the consumption and procurement information front-end for use by the consumption and procurement system; and it stores auxiliary monitoring data and uploads it to the IoT management platform and the consumption and procurement information front-end for use by different services.

[0038] Protection and Control: Low-voltage circuit breakers should have instantaneous short-circuit protection, long-delay protection, and shunt trip functions. They should be configured with undervoltage tripping and low-voltage interlocking closing functions according to actual needs, and residual current protection devices should also be configured. Grid-connected distributed power sources and energy storage enable active power control, and controllable loads are switched on and off via intelligent switches.

[0039] The distributed power centralized transmission area solution is mainly used in rural areas for low-voltage distributed power sources to be collected and transmitted to transmission areas. The architecture diagram of this solution is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the main configurations are as follows: System main wiring: The main wiring adopts a single busbar or line transformer group connection, with 4 to 6 outgoing lines. The low-voltage grid adopts a radial structure and uses a three-phase four-wire power supply.

[0040] The main primary equipment configuration includes: high-efficiency, energy-saving, oil-immersed, fully sealed, low-loss oil-immersed three-phase transformers; intelligent integrated terminals for distribution areas; smart meters and IoT meters for intelligent terminals (meters); intelligent capacitor banks or SVG for reactive power compensation; and low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers for low-voltage switchgear. The low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers are located on the outgoing side of the controlled branches of distributed power sources and energy storage within the low-voltage integrated distribution box.

[0041] Main secondary terminal configuration: The solution uses smart terminals as the core to form the secondary system of the distribution area. The integrated terminal of the distribution area is arranged in the low-voltage integrated distribution box, configured according to the principle of "one distribution area, one terminal"; the low-voltage smart meters are arranged in the meter boxes on the user side, with one meter per household; the low-voltage smart IoT meters are arranged in the meter boxes of distributed photovoltaic, energy storage systems, charging piles and other equipment, with one meter per household.

[0042] Information System: Employs a cloud-edge-device communication approach, primarily utilizing RS485, broadband carrier, and wireless technologies. Information is collected from smart IoT meters and distribution station terminals, with data aggregated to a converged terminal for communication with the main station.

[0043] Protection and Control: Equipped with low-voltage overcurrent circuit breakers, fuses, and residual current protection; additional short-circuit protection, AC over / undervoltage protection, emergency stop protection, over / underfrequency protection, and islanding protection can be added. Intelligent terminal control strategies control the active power output of each distributed resource to achieve active power control of the distribution area; controllable loads are switched on and off via intelligent switches.

[0044] The residential community substation (high-pile household ratio) solution is applicable to substation scenarios in residential communities with a high proportion of electric vehicle loads. The scenario primarily involves substations in ordinary urban residential communities, where electric vehicles account for a significant portion of the load. The solution architecture is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the main configurations are as follows: System main wiring: The main wiring adopts a single busbar segmented wiring, with 2 to 12 outgoing lines. The low-voltage grid adopts a low-voltage radial structure and uses a three-phase four-wire power supply.

[0045] Main primary equipment configuration: The distribution transformer adopts a high-efficiency, energy-saving, oil-immersed, fully sealed, low-loss oil-immersed three-phase transformer; reactive power compensation adopts intelligent capacitor banks or SVG; and low-voltage switchgear adopts low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers. The low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers are arranged on the outgoing side of the controlled branches such as distributed power sources and energy storage in the low-voltage integrated distribution box.

[0046] Main secondary terminal configuration: The solution uses the smart integrated terminal in the distribution area as the core of the secondary system. The distribution area terminals adopt smart integrated terminals, orderly charging edge gateways, and charging load control terminals. The smart terminals (meters) adopt smart meters and smart IoT meters. The distribution area integrated terminals are arranged in the low-voltage integrated distribution box, configured according to the principle of "one distribution area, one terminal"; the low-voltage smart meters are arranged in the meter boxes on the user side, with one meter per user; the low-voltage smart IoT meters should comply with the Southern Power Grid standards and be arranged in the meter boxes of distributed photovoltaic, energy storage systems, charging piles, etc., with one meter per user.

[0047] Information System: Employs a cloud-edge-device communication approach, primarily utilizing RS485, broadband carrier, and wireless technologies. Information is collected by smart meters, data acquisition terminals, and converged terminals, with data aggregated at the converged terminal for communication with the main station.

[0048] Protection and control: The circuit breaker should have short-circuit instantaneous and long-delay protection functions and shunt trip functions, and be configured with undervoltage trip and low-voltage lockout closing functions according to actual needs. It should also be equipped with a residual current protection device, and the information should be uploaded to the power consumption data acquisition system.

[0049] The low-voltage flexible interconnection substation solution is suitable for flexible interconnection substation scenarios where the penetration rate or load characteristics of distributed power sources vary significantly between different substations. The number of interconnected substations should generally not exceed three. The solution architecture is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the main configurations are as follows: System main wiring: The main wiring adopts a single busbar or wiring group connection, with 4 to 6 outgoing lines. The low-voltage grid adopts a radial structure and uses a three-phase four-wire power supply.

[0050] Main primary equipment configuration: The distribution transformer adopts a high-efficiency, energy-saving, oil-immersed, fully sealed, low-loss oil-immersed three-phase transformer; reactive power compensation adopts intelligent capacitor banks and SVG; low-voltage power distribution equipment adopts low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers. The low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers are arranged on the outgoing side of the controlled branches such as distributed power sources and energy storage in the low-voltage integrated distribution box.

[0051] Main secondary terminal configuration: This solution uses integrated terminals as the core of the secondary system. The distribution area terminals are intelligent integrated terminals, and the intelligent terminals (meters) include smart meters and smart IoT meters. The integrated terminals are located in the low-voltage integrated distribution boxes, configured according to the principle of "one terminal per distribution area." Low-voltage smart meters are located in the user-side meter boxes, with one meter per user. Low-voltage smart IoT meters are located in the meter boxes of distributed photovoltaic systems, energy storage systems, charging piles, etc., also with one meter per user.

[0052] Information system: Adopts cloud-edge-device communication mode, with communication technologies mainly including RS485, broadband carrier, and wireless communication. Information is collected by terminal in the information distribution area (direct on-site collection during the transition period).

[0053] Protection and Control: Features overcurrent protection, DC bus overvoltage protection, DC bus undervoltage protection, IGBT short-circuit protection, relay open-circuit protection, over-temperature protection, fuse fault protection, and surge protector fault protection. Protection outputs are controlled locally via the transformer area interconnection device. The flexible interconnection device utilizes control strategies to control the power electronic converters at each interconnection port to achieve active power control within the transformer area. It includes overcurrent protection and DC bus overvoltage protection. Controllable loads are switched on / off via DC switches in the flexible interconnection device, and AC loads are switched on / off via intelligent switches in the distribution cabinet.

[0054] Step 2: Divide the planned power distribution area into zones to obtain... The distribution transformer area is divided into irregular zones oriented towards electricity users. In this step, the distribution transformer area refers to a contiguous residential area. If the distribution transformer area is a town / community, each apartment building can be considered an irregular zone; if the distribution transformer area is a village, village groups can be considered an irregular zone. Therefore, the distribution transformer area can be divided into irregular zones oriented towards electricity users. The load within each irregular zone is represented by a point load located at the load center, and the approximate center of the zone is the center location of the load point within that zone. The power supply area corresponding to the distribution transformer is defined as the set of communities supplied by its secondary side lines, and each load point is powered by a unique distribution transformer. A town / community is selected, and its apartment building locations are distributed as follows... Figure 9 As shown, the horizontal and vertical distances between unit buildings are both 5 units. The above-mentioned power distribution area is divided into 18 irregular small zones. For any small zone... Let its x and y coordinates be respectively and The load corresponding to the small partition is As shown in the table below. Step 3, establish dimensions as Distribution transformer configuration of distribution substation The distribution transformer configuration of the distribution substation is a joint matrix. The first column corresponds to the rated capacity of the distribution transformers in each irregular zone, and the second column to the... The columns represent the connection relationships between the loads and distribution transformers in each irregular zone. This distribution transformer zone configuration joint matrix... It can be represented as: ; Due to geographical conditions or other limitations, some smaller zones may not be suitable for installing distribution transformers within their respective areas. In such cases, flag bits can be set for each smaller zone, forming a flag bit matrix for the entire distribution transformer area. Among them, when Equal to 0 indicates that in the first... Each small zone cannot be configured with a distribution transformer; the corresponding distribution transformer in the distribution zone is configured with a joint matrix. The All elements in the row are zero; when An equal value of 1 indicates that, in the th... Each small zone can be configured with a distribution transformer.

[0055] Step 4: Based on the distribution transformer configuration joint matrix of the distribution substation, construct a model of the total construction and operation cost of the distribution substation for each construction scheme in the typical model set of the primary and secondary collaborative planning and construction schemes of the distribution substation to be planned and constructed.

[0056] The total cost model for the construction and operation of the distribution substation in this step can be expressed as follows: ; in, For the first The total construction and operation cost of the distribution substation area under this construction plan. For the first The comprehensive investment cost of the distribution transformers in the distribution substation area for this construction plan. For the first The annual operating cost of the distribution transformer for this construction scheme, For the first The comprehensive investment cost of the secondary side of the distribution transformer to be built for each construction scheme. For the first Network loss costs for the secondary side outgoing lines of the distribution transformer in this construction scheme.

[0057] No. Comprehensive investment cost of distribution transformers in the distribution substation of the various construction schemes This includes the land occupation cost for the distribution transformers in this construction scheme, as well as the costs of purchasing, installing, and commissioning primary and secondary equipment, which are one-time investment expenditures. In the calculation, the costs of purchasing, installing, and commissioning are uniformly represented by the purchase cost, which is expressed as the product of the given unit distribution transformer capacity cost and the distribution transformer capacity. Additionally, the land occupation cost for transformer installation should also be included. The land occupation cost is the product of the land area occupied and the unit land cost. There is a certain relationship between the land occupation area and the number of distribution transformers, which is obtained through empirical analysis. Therefore, the... Comprehensive investment cost of distribution transformers in the distribution substation of the various construction schemes It can be represented as: ; in, For the distribution area number The rated capacity of the distribution transformer to be built This represents the total number of distribution transformers to be built. The unit purchase cost of the distribution transformer. The floor area occupied by a single distribution transformer. Cost per unit of land occupied.

[0058] No. Annual operating cost of distribution transformers in this construction scheme It can be represented as: ; in, For the distribution area number The annual operating cost of a distribution transformer to be built is also a function of its rated capacity.

[0059] No. Comprehensive investment cost of the secondary side of the distribution transformer to be built under the construction scheme , is represented as: ; in, This is the comprehensive investment cost coefficient for the secondary circuit conductors, which is a discrete variable related to the load. For the distribution area number The planned distribution transformer and the first The distance between point loads.

[0060] No. Network loss cost of the secondary side outgoing lines of the distribution transformer in this construction scheme , is represented as: ; in, To calculate the electricity price within the calculation period, This refers to the resistance per unit length of the outgoing line. The number of hours consumed per year. The rated voltage of the transformer substation is 0.4kV. The power factor for the transformer area is 0.95. For the distribution area of ​​the radio station A collection of load points supplied by a planned distribution transformer.

[0061] Step 5: Based on the total cost model for the construction and operation of the distribution transformer area for each construction scheme, and with the objective of minimizing the total cost incurred by the distribution transformer throughout its entire life cycle, construct a mathematical model for the location and capacity determination of the new distribution transformer area. In other words, this mathematical model for the location and capacity determination of the new distribution transformer area refers to optimizing the determination of the distribution transformer capacity configuration and its connection relationship with the supplied loads to minimize the total cost incurred by the distribution transformer throughout its entire life cycle. It can be expressed as: Step 6: Use a genetic algorithm to solve the mathematical model for the location and capacity determination of the newly built distribution transformer in the substation area, and obtain the distribution transformer capacity configuration and its connection relationship with the supplied load in the substation area under each construction scheme.

[0062] This step uses a genetic algorithm to solve the mathematical model for the addressing and capacity determination of the newly built distribution transformer in the substation area. Specifically, it includes the following steps: Step a: Form a series set of rated capacity of distribution transformers TTS=[100 200 315 630]; Step b: Based on the geographical coordinates and load of each sub-region, form the input parameter matrix X_SRJZ. Assuming there are N sub-regions in the transformer area, the input parameter matrix X_SRJZ is a 4xN matrix. The first row of the input parameter matrix X_SRJZ represents the load of the sub-region in kW; the second row represents the X-axis coordinate of the sub-region; the third row represents the Y-axis coordinate of the sub-region; and the fourth row indicates whether a transformer can be configured in the vicinity of the sub-region, represented by 0 and 1 (1 for yes, 0 for no).

[0063] Step c: Calculate the total load P of the transformer area based on the input parameter matrix X_SRJZ.

[0064] Step d: Based on the total load P of the distribution area, determine the maximum and minimum number of distribution transformers that can be configured in the distribution area to be planned and constructed.

[0065] Step e: Set the maximum number of iterations M, population size N, and mutation rate Pm for the genetic algorithm.

[0066] Step f: Input all relevant parameters (i.e., input parameter matrix, total load of the distribution area, and the maximum and minimum number of distribution transformers that can be configured in the distribution area to be planned and constructed), and set the iteration number Gen=0.

[0067] Step g: Let the iteration number Gen = Gen + 1.

[0068] Step h: Generate N chromosomes according to the encoding strategy to form an initial population. Each chromosome consists of N rows and N+1 columns. The first column indicates whether each sub-region is equipped with a variant and the capacity of the variant. Columns 2 to N+1 represent the connection relationship between the 1st to the Nth sub-region and the variant, respectively. The encoding strategy in this step includes a variant capacity location encoding strategy and a variant-irregular region correspondence encoding strategy.

[0069] The distribution transformer capacity location coding strategy refers to using binary codes to correspond whether each irregular zone is equipped with a distribution transformer and the capacity level of the distribution transformer.

[0070] The coding strategy for the correspondence between distribution transformers and irregular zones refers to representing the connection relationship between each small zone and the distribution transformer using binary encoding.

[0071] In the addressing and capacity determination of a distribution substation, it is necessary to determine which distribution transformer supplies power to each sub-zone, i.e., to determine the connection relationship between each sub-zone and the distribution transformer. Assume that the distribution substation requires a total of Num_PB distribution transformers and has Num_FQ sub-zones. Whether the i-th sub-zone is connected to the j-th distribution transformer can be represented by a single-bit binary code. A 1 indicates that the i-th sub-zone is connected to the j-th distribution transformer; otherwise, a 0 indicates it is not. Furthermore, there are certain dependencies and mutual exclusions between the connections of each sub-zone and the distribution transformer. If the i-th sub-zone is connected to the j-th distribution transformer, then it cannot be connected to any other distribution transformer. Therefore, a vector-based encoding method can be used. Suppose G is the chromosome corresponding to a certain combination of connections between each sub-region and the distribution transformer; where gene k in G corresponds to the connection between the i-th sub-region and the j-th distribution transformer, then g can be represented as a Num_FQ row, 1 column vector, i.e., g = [0 … 1 … 0 0]T (its j-th row is 1, and the rest are zero). For the entire chromosome K, a fixed-length binary code can be used to describe the connection between each sub-region and the distribution transformer. After determining the encoding method, it is necessary to determine the order of each gene in the chromosome. The genes can be combined into a chromosome according to the natural order of the serial numbers of the centralized meter box or the independent energy meter.

[0072] Step i: Calculate the objective function value of the mathematical model for the addressing and capacity determination of the new distribution transformer in the population for each chromosome, and use the objective function value as the fitness.

[0073] Step j: Perform chromosome selection.

[0074] Step k: Perform crossover. In this step, crossover can be performed by a single parent and a single chromosome at a single point. A breakpoint is randomly selected on the chromosome, and the right segments of the breakpoints are exchanged, thus forming new offspring. To avoid disrupting the dependencies and mutual exclusions between genes, the entire gene vector is replaced during crossover, preserving its characteristics.

[0075] Step 1: Perform mutation operation. In this step, the mutation operation randomly selects the genes of the chromosome to be mutated according to the set mutation rate, and performs mutation according to the gene dependency and mutual exclusion relationship. That is, the mutation rate controls whether the chromosome is mutated. When mutation is required, the gene to be mutated is randomly selected, and after determining the gene to be mutated, mutation should be performed according to the gene dependency and mutual exclusion relationship. The mutation rate Pm of the genetic algorithm affects the local search capability of the algorithm. Its value is related to the population size and chromosome length, and needs to be determined specifically according to the population size and chromosome length. The scale of low-voltage users in a distribution substation is generally around 200 households. At this time, the entire distribution substation can be divided into 25 to 50 small sub-segments. Therefore, the chromosome length in the algorithm is between 26 and 51. If the chromosome length is longer, the mutation rate can be appropriately smaller, generally between 0.001 and 0.3.

[0076] Step m: Determine if the current iteration number Gen is less than the maximum iteration number M. If the current iteration number Gen is less than the maximum iteration number M, proceed to step i; otherwise, proceed to the next step.

[0077] Step n: Obtain the optimal chromosome and perform an inverse transformation according to the encoding strategy to obtain the configuration location and capacity of the distribution transformers in the distribution area, as well as the connection relationship between the loads of each sub-area and each distribution transformer. The optimal distribution transformer addressing and capacity obtained by the algorithm optimization is as follows: Figure 10 As shown.

[0078] It is not difficult to see that this invention proposes a typical construction scheme for distribution transformer substations, and builds a mathematical model of the total cost of various typical construction schemes based on the typical construction scheme. It also provides a solution process based on optimization algorithms, so as to realize the determination of the primary and secondary construction mode of the distribution transformer substation and the capacity and address configuration of the distribution transformer under the construction mode and its connection relationship with the supplied load. This facilitates the primary and secondary collaborative planning and construction of distribution transformer substations and supports the standardized construction and high-quality development of distribution transformer substations.

[0079] The second embodiment of the present invention relates to an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the primary and secondary collaborative planning and construction method for distribution substations of the first embodiment.

[0080] The third embodiment of the present invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the primary and secondary collaborative planning and construction method for distribution radio areas according to the first embodiment.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0082] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0083] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction methods implemented in a process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0084] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0085] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution radio areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Construct a set of typical models for the coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution radio areas; The planned and constructed power distribution area is divided into zones to obtain... An irregular partition for electricity users; Establish dimensions as A joint matrix for the configuration of distribution transformers in distribution substation areas, wherein the first column of the joint matrix corresponds to the rated capacity of the distribution transformers in each irregular zone, and the second column to the... The columns represent the connection relationships between the loads and distribution transformers in each irregular zone; Based on the joint matrix of distribution transformer configuration in the distribution substation area, a model of the total construction and operation cost of the distribution substation is constructed for each construction scheme in the typical model set of the primary and secondary collaborative planning and construction schemes of the distribution substation area to be planned and constructed. Based on the total cost model of the construction and operation of the distribution transformer area for each construction scheme, and with the goal of minimizing the total cost of the distribution transformer throughout its entire life cycle, a mathematical model for the location and capacity determination of the distribution transformer in the new distribution transformer area is constructed. A genetic algorithm was used to solve the mathematical model for the location and capacity determination of the newly built distribution transformer area, and the results of the distribution transformer capacity configuration and its connection relationship with the supplied load in the distribution transformer area under each construction scheme were obtained.

2. The method for coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution substations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The typical model set of primary and secondary coordinated planning and construction schemes for distribution substations includes at least one of the following construction schemes: low-penetration distribution room substation scheme, medium-high penetration distribution room substation scheme, low-penetration box-type / pole-mounted transformer substation scheme, medium-high penetration box-type / pole-mounted transformer substation scheme, distributed power centralized transmission substation scheme, low-voltage flexible interconnection substation scheme, and residential community substation scheme.

3. The method for coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution radio areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load of each irregular zone is represented by a point load at the load center, and each load point is powered by a unique distribution transformer.

4. The method for coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution radio areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, When it is not suitable to configure a distribution transformer within a certain irregular partition, all elements in the row corresponding to the irregular partition in the distribution transformer configuration joint matrix of the distribution area are all zero.

5. The method for coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution radio areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total cost model for the construction and operation of the distribution substation is expressed as follows: ,in, For the first The total construction and operation cost of the distribution substation area under this construction plan. For the first The comprehensive investment cost of the distribution transformers in the distribution substation of the various construction schemes is expressed as follows: , For the distribution area number The rated capacity of the distribution transformer to be built This represents the total number of distribution transformers to be built. The unit purchase cost of the distribution transformer. The floor area occupied by a single distribution transformer. Cost per unit of land occupied; For the first The annual operating cost of the distribution transformer for this construction scheme is expressed as: , For the distribution area number Annual operating costs of a planned distribution transformer; For the first The comprehensive investment cost of the secondary side of the distribution transformer to be constructed under this construction scheme is expressed as follows: , For the first The load capacity of the point load, This is the comprehensive investment cost coefficient for the secondary side conductor. For the distribution area number The planned distribution transformer and the first The distance between point loads; For the first The network loss cost of the secondary side outgoing lines of the distribution transformer in this construction scheme is expressed as: , To calculate the electricity price within the calculation period, This refers to the resistance per unit length of the outgoing line. This refers to the number of hours consumed per year. This is the rated voltage of the transformer substation. For the power factor of the transformer area, For the distribution area of ​​the radio station A collection of load points supplied by a planned distribution transformer.

6. The method for coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution radio areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The genetic algorithm is used to solve the mathematical model for the location and capacity determination of the newly built distribution transformer area, obtaining the distribution transformer capacity configuration and its connection relationship with the supplied loads for each construction scheme. Specifically, this includes: Forming a series of rated capacity series of distribution transformers; An input parameter matrix is ​​formed based on the coordinates and load of each irregular geographical zone. Calculate the total load of the transformer area based on the input parameter matrix; Based on the total load of the distribution area, determine the maximum and minimum number of distribution transformers that can be configured in the planned distribution area; Set the maximum number of iterations, population size, and mutation rate of the genetic algorithm, and input the input parameter matrix, the total load of the distribution area, and the maximum and minimum number of distribution transformers that can be configured in the distribution area to be planned and constructed. Generated according to the encoding strategy Each chromosome forms the initial population; Calculate the objective function value of the mathematical model for the addressing and capacity determination of the new distribution transformer in each chromosome of the population, and use the objective function value as the fitness. Perform chromosome selection, crossover, and mutation operations; If the current iteration count is less than the maximum iteration count, return the objective function value of the mathematical model for the addressing and capacity determination of the new distribution transformer in the population for each chromosome. If the current iteration number equals the maximum iteration number, the optimal chromosome is output, and the optimal chromosome is inversely transformed according to the encoding strategy to obtain the distribution transformer capacity configuration of the distribution area and its connection relationship with the supplied load.

7. The method for coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution radio areas according to claim 6, characterized in that, The coding strategy includes a transformer capacity location coding strategy and a transformer-irregular zone correspondence coding strategy. The transformer capacity location coding strategy refers to using binary codes to correspond whether each irregular zone is equipped with a distribution transformer and the capacity level of the distribution transformer. The transformer-irregular zone correspondence coding strategy refers to using binary codes to represent the connection relationship between each small zone and the distribution transformer.

8. The method for coordinated planning and construction of primary and secondary distribution radio areas according to claim 6, characterized in that, The crossover operation employs a single-parent, single-child, single-point crossover, randomly selecting a breakpoint on the chromosome and exchanging the right segments of the breakpoint to form new offspring; the mutation operation randomly selects the genes of the chromosome to be mutated according to the set mutation rate, and performs mutation according to the gene dependency and mutual exclusion relationship.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the primary and secondary collaborative planning and construction method for distribution radio areas as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the primary and secondary collaborative planning and construction method for distribution radio areas as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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