Equivalent model building method and device of new energy cluster, medium and equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an equivalent model building method and device of a new energy cluster, a medium and equipment, and relates to the field of new energy power system modeling and simulation, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining basic parameters of the new energy cluster, and carrying out the preprocessing of the basic parameters; constructing a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit based on the preprocessed basic parameters, and calculating current collection line equivalent parameters based on the preprocessed basic parameters; associating a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit and a current collection line equivalent parameter with an internal equipment model of the new energy station, accessing a receiving end power grid parameter, and building an initial equivalent model of a new energy cluster; and verifying the initial equivalent model through load flow calculation and transient fault scanning, and determining the initial equivalent model passing the verification as a target equivalent model of the new energy cluster. According to the method, the problems of low equivalent calculation precision, poor loss consistency and insufficient transient response matching degree in existing new energy cluster modeling can be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy power system modeling and simulation, and particularly relates to a new energy cluster equivalent model building method, device, medium and equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the drive of the "double carbon" target, large-scale grid connection of new energy power generation (such as wind power and photovoltaic power) has become a core trend of the development of power systems. New energy clusters, as the main carrier of new energy grid connection, directly determine the scientificity of power grid planning, the effectiveness of operation control, and the reliability of stability analysis. Especially in extreme conditions such as high flood season and large new energy generation, the output of new energy clusters reaches the peak, and the electrical characteristics of the receiving end power grid connected with the clusters have a significant impact on the safe operation of the whole grid. At this time, higher requirements are put forward for the refinement of cluster modeling, which needs to accurately reflect the dynamic response relationship between the internal equipment interaction of the cluster and the external power grid, in order to support the risk prediction and decision-making of the power grid dispatching department.

[0003] Current new energy cluster equivalent model building mostly adopts simplified equivalent technical solutions, which are specifically manifested as follows: the new energy cluster as a whole is macroscopically equivalent, the detailed electrical parameters of the internal core equipment (such as the main transformer, power collection line, and switching device) are ignored, and only the overall power and voltage characteristics of the cluster grid connection point are used to replace the internal topology and equipment effect; the transformer equivalent mostly adopts a simplified π-shaped circuit, and the parameter reduction logic is not derived based on the electrical conservation principle; the power collection line equivalent does not establish a clear loss aggregation criterion, and only a simple impedance superposition is used to complete the parameter simplification.

[0004] Such solutions have the following core technical problems: on the one hand, in extreme conditions (such as high flood season and large new energy generation), the simplified model cannot reflect the influence of the internal equipment characteristics on the power grid, resulting in a significant increase in the deviation between the model and the actual system, and the cluster internal power transmission and voltage distribution cannot be accurately described; on the other hand, the existing solutions do not fully consider the consistency constraints of power loss and voltage loss, and the dynamic response characteristics under transient faults are not well described, so that the accuracy of the built model in power flow calculation and transient stability analysis cannot meet the engineering requirements, and the model cannot provide reliable evaluation basis for the safe and stable operation of the power grid after the new energy cluster is connected to the grid. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a new energy cluster equivalent model building method, device, medium and equipment, which can solve the problems of low equivalent calculation precision, poor loss consistency, and insufficient transient response matching in existing new energy cluster modeling.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present application, a new energy cluster equivalent model building method is provided, comprising: obtaining the basic parameters of the new energy cluster and preprocessing the basic parameters; construct a transformer T equivalent circuit based on the preprocessed basic parameters, and calculate equivalent parameters of the collector circuit based on the preprocessed basic parameters; associate the transformer T equivalent circuit and the equivalent parameters of the collector circuit with internal equipment models of the new energy station, and access receiving-end power grid parameters to build an initial equivalent model of the new energy cluster; verify the initial equivalent model through power flow calculation and transient fault scanning, and determine the initial equivalent model that passes the verification as a target equivalent model of the new energy cluster.

[0007] According to a second aspect of the present application, an equivalent model building device of a new energy cluster is provided, comprising: a processing module configured to acquire basic parameters of a new energy cluster and preprocess the basic parameters; a calculation module configured to construct a transformer T equivalent circuit based on the preprocessed basic parameters, and calculate equivalent parameters of the collector circuit based on the preprocessed basic parameters; a building module configured to associate the transformer T equivalent circuit and the equivalent parameters of the collector circuit with internal equipment models of the new energy station, and access receiving-end power grid parameters to build an initial equivalent model of the new energy cluster; a verification module configured to verify the initial equivalent model through power flow calculation and transient fault scanning, and determine the initial equivalent model that passes the verification as a target equivalent model of the new energy cluster.

[0008] According to a third aspect of the present application, a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon is provided, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the equivalent model building method of the new energy cluster.

[0009] According to a fourth aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, comprising a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the equivalent model building method of the new energy cluster when executing the program.

[0010] By the technical scheme, the application provides a new energy cluster equivalent model building method, device, medium and equipment. First, by obtaining new energy cluster basic parameters and preprocessing, the cluster topology structure, core equipment and operation scene data can be standardized and validity checked, providing high-quality data basis for subsequent accurate modeling, solving the problem of simplifying the model to ignore internal equipment detailed parameters. Second, based on the preprocessed basic parameters, the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit is constructed, and the parameter reduction logic is derived combined with the electrical conservation principle. At the same time, when calculating the equivalent parameters of the collector circuit, the clear loss aggregation criteria are established, replacing the traditional simplified pi-shaped transformer circuit and the simple impedance superposition method, which can effectively guarantee the accuracy of the equivalent parameters of the core equipment. Third, the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit, the collector circuit equivalent parameters and the internal equipment model of the station are associated and connected to the receiving end grid parameters to build an initial equivalent model. The initial equivalent model can break the neglect of the internal topology and equipment of the cluster by the macroscopic equivalent, accurately describe the influence of the internal equipment characteristics on the grid under extreme conditions and the power transmission and voltage distribution law in the cluster. Finally, the initial equivalent model is verified by power flow calculation and transient fault scanning, which can fully consider the consistency constraint of power loss and voltage loss and strengthen the description of dynamic response characteristics under transient fault, significantly improve the accuracy of the model in power flow calculation and transient stability analysis, effectively solve the problem of large model deviation under extreme conditions, and finally build a target equivalent model that can meet the engineering requirements and provide a reliable basis for the safety and stability operation evaluation of the grid dispatching department after the new energy cluster is connected to the grid.

[0011] The above description is only a summary of the technical scheme of the application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the application, the application can be implemented according to the content of the specification, and in order to make the above and other purposes, characteristics and advantages of the application more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the application are described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the application, and form a part of the application. The schematic embodiments of the application and their descriptions are used to explain the application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the application. In the drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart of a new energy cluster equivalent model building method provided by an embodiment of the application is shown; Figure 2 A flowchart of a new energy cluster equivalent model building method provided by another embodiment of the application is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit provided by another embodiment of the application is shown; Figure 4 A structure diagram of a new energy cluster equivalent model building device provided by an embodiment of the application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] Hereinafter, the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0014] The current new energy cluster equivalent model building mainly adopts a simplified equivalent technical solution, which is specifically as follows: the new energy cluster as a whole is macroscopically equivalent, the detailed electrical parameters of the internal core equipment (such as the main transformer, the power collection line, and the switching device) are ignored, and only the overall power and voltage characteristics of the cluster grid-connected point are used to replace the internal topology and the device effect; the transformer equivalence mainly adopts a simplified pi circuit, and the parameter reduction logic is not derived based on the electrical conservation principle; the power collection line equivalence does not establish a clear loss aggregation criterion, and only the parameter simplification is completed by simple impedance superposition.

[0015] Such a solution has the following core technical problems: on the one hand, under extreme conditions (such as high new energy generation during flood season), the simplified model cannot reflect the influence of the internal equipment characteristics on the power grid, resulting in a significant increase in the deviation between the model and the actual system, and the internal power transmission and voltage distribution law cannot be accurately described; on the other hand, the existing solution does not fully consider the consistency constraints of power loss and voltage loss, and the dynamic response characteristics under transient fault are not well described, so that the accuracy of the model in power flow calculation and transient stability analysis cannot meet the engineering requirements, and the model cannot provide reliable evaluation basis for the safe and stable operation of the power grid dispatching department after the new energy cluster is connected to the grid.

[0016] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for building an equivalent model of a new energy cluster, as shown in Figure 1 The method comprises the following steps: Step 110, obtaining the basic parameters of the new energy cluster and preprocessing the basic parameters.

[0017] The new energy cluster is composed of multiple new energy stations (such as wind power and photovoltaic stations), and is connected to the receiving end power grid through a unified electrical topology structure; the basic parameters are the core data supporting the equivalent modeling of the new energy cluster, and at least include the cluster topology structure parameters, the core equipment parameters and the operation scene data, and the core equipment parameters at least include the main transformer parameters and the power collection line parameters.

[0018] For the embodiments disclosed herein, basic data, including cluster topology parameters, core equipment parameters, and operational scenario data, can be collected comprehensively first. Then, the collected basic parameters are validated to remove data that exceeds the rated range of the equipment or is abnormally abrupt. Finally, the validated core equipment parameters are uniformly calculated to the preset benchmark capacity and benchmark voltage to form a standardized set of basic parameters. This provides unified and high-quality data support for subsequent transformer equivalent modeling, collector line parameter aggregation, and overall equivalent model construction.

[0019] By comprehensively acquiring and preprocessing the basic parameters of the new energy cluster, we can not only achieve the integrity and validity screening of the basic data for modeling, but also avoid the interference of abnormal data on the accuracy of subsequent equivalent calculations. Through parameter standardization and reduction, we can ensure the uniformity of parameters under different devices and scenarios, effectively solving the problem of large deviations in equivalent models caused by insufficient quality of basic data and inconsistent dimensions in traditional modeling. This can significantly improve the modeling accuracy and engineering applicability of the equivalent model of the new energy cluster.

[0020] Step 120: Construct the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit based on the preprocessed basic parameters, and calculate the equivalent parameters of the collector line based on the preprocessed basic parameters.

[0021] Among them, the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit is an equivalent circuit structure used to accurately characterize the electrical performance of a transformer. It consists of a primary winding (primary resistance and primary leakage reactance connected in series), a secondary winding (secondary resistance and secondary leakage reactance connected in series after turns ratio reduction), and an excitation branch (excitation resistance and excitation reactance connected in parallel to simulate core loss and magnetization characteristics). It can completely reflect the active power loss, reactive power consumption, and power transfer process of the transformer. The equivalent parameters of the collector line are the core parameters used to simplify the complex topology of multi-circuit collector lines. They mainly include the equivalent total resistance and equivalent total reactance of the collector line. Their calculation must meet the "loss consistency" requirement, that is, the power loss and voltage loss of the equivalent line must be consistent with the total loss of the actual multi-circuit collector line.

[0022] For the embodiments of this disclosure, the preprocessed basic parameters can serve as a unified data foundation. On one hand, utilizing the main transformer-related parameters, based on the principles of magnetomotive force conservation and power conservation, the turns ratio of the primary and secondary windings is calculated. Then, the secondary winding resistance and leakage reactance are linearly transformed and reduced based on the turns ratio. The reduced secondary winding parameters are then integrated with the primary winding resistance and leakage reactance, and the excitation branch parameters derived from no-load losses are incorporated. Finally, a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit including the primary winding, secondary winding, and excitation branch is constructed. On the other hand, utilizing the preprocessed collector line parameters and operating scenario data… Based on the power loss consistency constraint (i.e., the total active power loss of the equivalent line is equal to the sum of the active power losses of each collector line) and the voltage loss consistency constraint (i.e., the total voltage loss of the equivalent line is equal to the sum of the voltage losses of each collector line), the active power loss and voltage loss of each line are first summed separately. Then, the equivalent line current is determined by the average operating current of each line. The total active power and total reactive power of the equivalent line are determined by summing the active power and reactive power of each line separately. Finally, the equivalent total resistance and equivalent total reactance of the collector line are calculated, thus completing the construction and calculation of the equivalent parameters of the two types of core equipment.

[0023] By using standardized preprocessing parameters as a basis, and employing a T-shaped equivalent circuit in transformer modeling combined with the principles of magnetomotive force and power conservation, errors caused by neglecting excitation characteristics and imprecise parameter reduction logic in traditional simplified equivalent circuits can be effectively avoided, thus accurately restoring the power transmission and loss characteristics of the transformer. Introducing loss consistency constraints in the calculation of equivalent parameters for collector lines, replacing the coarse method of simple impedance superposition, ensures a high degree of matching between the power and voltage loss characteristics of the equivalent lines and the actual multi-circuit lines. Ultimately, this provides high-precision equivalent data for core equipment in the overall equivalent model of the new energy cluster, significantly improving the accuracy of subsequent cluster equivalent models in power flow calculations and transient stability analysis, and providing reliable technical support for power grid dispatch departments to assess the grid connection safety of new energy clusters.

[0024] Step 130: Associate the equivalent circuit of the transformer T-shaped circuit and the equivalent parameters of the collector line with the internal equipment model of the new energy power station, and connect the receiving end grid parameters to build the initial equivalent model of the new energy cluster.

[0025] Among them, the internal equipment model of the new energy power station is the auxiliary electrical equipment model of the new energy power station other than the main transformer and the collector line. It mainly includes the switch equipment model (used to simulate line opening and closing and fault isolation) and the grounding equipment model (used to simulate the ground fault current path), which are necessary components to form a complete electrical network of the power station. The receiving end grid parameters are the key electrical parameters of the external grid to which the new energy cluster is connected. They mainly include the equivalent impedance of the receiving end grid (reflecting the impedance characteristics of the external grid) and the bus voltage parameters (reflecting the voltage level of the external grid), which are used to simulate the electrical impact of the external grid on the new energy cluster. The initial equivalent model is a preliminary equivalent model formed by integrating the equivalent models of the core equipment inside the new energy power station (transformer T-circuit, collector line equivalent parameters), the internal auxiliary equipment model and the receiving end grid parameters. It has a complete internal structure and external grid connection relationship and is the basic version for subsequent model verification and optimization.

[0026] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the constructed transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit can be first imported into a power system simulation platform (such as the BPA simulation platform) as the core substation component of the new energy power station. Then, the calculated equivalent parameters of the collector lines (equivalent total resistance and equivalent total reactance) are connected to the platform and a reliable electrical connection is formed with the low-voltage side of the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit according to the actual electrical connection relationship. Subsequently, auxiliary equipment models (such as switch equipment models and grounding equipment models) inside the new energy power station are added to the platform and integrated with the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit and the equivalent parameters of the collector lines to form a complete internal equivalent network of the power station. Finally, the receiving-end grid parameters are imported, and the high-voltage side of the internal equivalent network of the power station is electrically connected with the electrical nodes (such as the connecting bus of the receiving-end grid) corresponding to the receiving-end grid parameters, thereby completely building an initial equivalent model that can reflect the internal structure of the new energy cluster and the connection relationship with the external grid.

[0027] By deeply associating the core transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit and collector line equivalent parameters with the internal auxiliary equipment model of the power station, the electrical topology and equipment interaction relationships within the new energy power station can be fully restored. This avoids the structural distortion caused by neglecting the internal equipment relationships in traditional simplified modeling. At the same time, by accessing the receiving-end grid parameters, an electrical connection between the new energy cluster and the external grid can be established, which solves the problem of focusing only on the internal structure of the cluster and being detached from the actual grid connection scenario. The final initial equivalent model retains the detailed characteristics of the internal equipment and has the ability to perform collaborative simulation with the external grid. This lays a solid foundation for verifying the model's accuracy through power flow calculation and transient fault scanning, ensuring structural integrity and parameter matching. This significantly improves the mapping accuracy of the equivalent model to the actual new energy cluster grid connection system.

[0028] Step 140: Verify the initial equivalent model through power flow calculation and transient fault scanning, and determine the verified initial equivalent model as the target equivalent model for the new energy cluster.

[0029] Among them, power flow calculation is a static analysis method for power systems. By solving the nodal power balance equations of the power system, it calculates static electrical parameters such as voltage (amplitude and phase angle) of each node, active power, and reactive power of each branch, which are used to evaluate the electrical characteristics of the system during normal operation. Transient fault scanning is a dynamic analysis method for power systems. By simulating various typical transient faults (such as phase-to-phase short circuits and line disconnection faults) in the model, it collects dynamic response data of electrical quantities (such as voltage and current) during the occurrence, development, and recovery of faults, and analyzes the dynamic characteristics of the system under fault conditions. The detailed model of the new energy cluster is a model obtained by modeling the new energy cluster in all dimensions. It includes the specific parameters and topological connections of all actual wind turbines, main transformers, collector lines, switchgear, etc. in the cluster. It can fully reflect the real electrical characteristics of the cluster and serves as a benchmark model for verifying the initial equivalent model. The node voltage deviation is the ratio of the voltage difference between the initial equivalent model and the detailed model under the same operating conditions to the node voltage in the detailed model. It is one of the core indicators for measuring the static accuracy of the model. The branch active power deviation is the ratio of the active power difference between the initial equivalent model and the detailed model under the same operating conditions to the branch active power in the detailed model. It is used to verify the accuracy of the model's power transmission characteristics. The node terminal voltage dynamic response data is the real-time data of the voltage change over time of key nodes (such as wind turbine terminals and buses) in the new energy cluster after a transient fault occurs. It can be converted into voltage response curves for analyzing the dynamic transient characteristics of the model. The target equivalent model is the initial equivalent model that has been verified by both power flow calculation and transient fault scanning, and all accuracy indicators meet the preset requirements. It is the final equivalent model that can accurately map the electrical characteristics of the new energy cluster and can be used for engineering practice.

[0030] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a detailed model of the new energy cluster corresponding to the initial equivalent model can be constructed first. Then, power flow calculations are performed on the initial equivalent model and the detailed model respectively to obtain static electrical parameters such as node voltage and branch active power of the two models. The deviation values ​​of corresponding parameters between the two models are calculated and compared. At the same time, the same multiple transient fault scenarios (such as phase-to-phase short circuit, single-phase failure to operate during three-phase short circuit, and three-phase N-1 / N-2 fault) are set in the initial equivalent model and the detailed model. During the fault duration, the dynamic response data of the node terminal voltage of the two models are collected, and the shape, peak value and oscillation trend of the voltage response curves of the two are compared and analyzed. Finally, it is determined whether the parameter deviation obtained by the power flow calculation meets the preset accuracy threshold (such as node voltage deviation ≤2%, branch active power deviation ≤3%), and whether the transient voltage response curve meets the consistency requirements (such as peak deviation ≤5%, consistent oscillation trend). If both are met, the initial equivalent model is determined to be verified and identified as the target equivalent model that can accurately reflect the electrical characteristics of the new energy cluster.

[0031] By employing a dual verification mechanism of power flow calculation (static verification) and transient fault scanning (dynamic verification), this approach covers both the static power flow characteristics verification during normal operation of the renewable energy cluster and the dynamic response characteristics verification under fault conditions. This avoids the shortcomings of traditional single verification methods (which only verify static parameters) in comprehensively evaluating the applicability of the model. By comparing the parameters and responses with the detailed model, the deviation between the initial equivalent model and the actual cluster can be accurately identified, ensuring that the target equivalent model can highly match the characteristics of the actual cluster in both static power flow calculation and dynamic transient analysis. This effectively solves the problem of insufficient accuracy of traditional equivalent models and their inability to support the safety and stability assessment of the power grid dispatching department. The final output target equivalent model can be reliably used for system planning, operation control, and fault simulation analysis after the renewable energy cluster is connected to the grid.

[0032] In summary, the equivalent model construction method for new energy clusters provided by this invention firstly, by acquiring and preprocessing the basic parameters of the new energy cluster, the standardization and validity verification of cluster topology, core equipment, and operating scenario data can be achieved, providing a high-quality data foundation for subsequent accurate modeling and solving the problem of simplified models ignoring detailed parameters of internal equipment. Secondly, based on the preprocessed basic parameters, a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit is constructed, and the parameter reduction logic is derived by combining the electrical conservation principle. Simultaneously, a clear loss aggregation criterion is established when calculating the equivalent parameters of the collector lines, replacing the traditional simplified π-shaped transformer circuit and simple impedance superposition method, effectively ensuring the accuracy of the equivalent parameters of the core equipment. Thirdly, the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit, collector line equivalent parameters, and field... By linking the internal equipment model of the station with the parameters of the receiving-end power grid to build an initial equivalent model, the neglect of the role of the internal topology and equipment of the cluster by macroscopic equivalence can be overcome. This allows for a precise characterization of the impact of internal equipment characteristics on the power grid under extreme conditions, as well as the power transmission and voltage distribution patterns within the cluster. Finally, the initial equivalent model is dually verified through power flow calculation and transient fault scanning. This fully considers the consistency constraints of power loss and voltage loss and strengthens the characterization of dynamic response characteristics under transient faults, significantly improving the accuracy of the model in power flow calculation and transient stability analysis. It effectively solves the problem of excessive model deviation under extreme conditions. The final target equivalent model can meet engineering requirements and provide a reliable basis for the power grid dispatching department to evaluate the safe and stable operation of the new energy cluster after grid connection.

[0033] Furthermore, as a refinement and extension of the specific implementation of the above embodiments, and to fully illustrate the implementation of this embodiment, this embodiment also provides another method for constructing an equivalent model of a new energy cluster, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes: Step 210: Obtain the basic parameters of the new energy cluster and preprocess the basic parameters.

[0034] For the embodiments of this disclosure, step 210 may specifically include the following steps: Step 210-1: Collect basic parameters of the new energy cluster. The basic parameters include at least cluster topology parameters, core equipment parameters, and operating scenario data. Among them, the core equipment parameters include at least main transformer parameters and collector line parameters.

[0035] Among them, the cluster topology parameters refer to data reflecting the connection relationship of equipment within the new energy cluster, which may include the number of wind turbines (e.g., 53 wind turbines), the number of collection lines (e.g., 3 collection lines), and the hierarchical connection relationship between the bus and the main transformer (e.g., wind turbine - collection line - 35kV bus - main transformer - 220kV grid connection point bus); core equipment parameters refer to data supporting the equivalent modeling of key electrical equipment within the new energy cluster, which may include main transformer parameters (e.g., rated capacity, short-circuit impedance) and collection line parameters (e.g., line resistance, reactance); operating scenario data refers to the electrical quantity data of the new energy cluster under typical operating conditions, which may include grid connection point voltage (e.g., ... 35kV and 220kV bus voltages), main transformer primary and secondary currents, active / reactive power of collector lines, etc.; main transformer parameters refer to data characterizing the electrical characteristics and performance of the main transformer, which may include rated capacity (e.g., 200MVA), rated voltage (e.g., 220kV / 37kV), short-circuit impedance (e.g., 0.08pu), excitation impedance (e.g., 50p.u.), number of turns of primary and secondary sides, and primary and secondary side resistance and leakage reactance, etc.; collector line parameters refer to data characterizing the electrical characteristics of the collector line, which may include resistance (e.g., 0.00265Ω / km), reactance (e.g., 0.00665Ω / km), and length (e.g., 10km) of each circuit, etc.

[0036] Step 210-2: Verify the validity of the basic parameters and remove data that exceeds the equipment's rated range or exhibits abnormal changes.

[0037] For the embodiments disclosed herein, the rated constraints of the equipment corresponding to each basic parameter (such as the rated current and rated voltage of the main transformer, the rated current carrying capacity of the collector line, the rated power of the wind turbine, etc.) and the normal fluctuation range of the data can be determined first. Then, the collected basic parameters (such as the actual operating current of the main transformer, the real-time voltage of the collector line, and the output power of the wind turbine) are compared with the corresponding rated values ​​or normal ranges one by one, and data that exceeds the rated range of the equipment are eliminated. At the same time, by analyzing the parameter time series (such as voltage data within adjacent 10ms), abrupt abnormal data that does not conform to the physical laws of equipment operation is identified and eliminated. Finally, the effective basic parameters that meet the rated constraints and operational stability requirements of the equipment are retained.

[0038] By validating the data, abnormal data caused by acquisition errors, sensor failures or extreme interference can be effectively eliminated, thus preventing abnormal data from entering subsequent modeling processes (such as parameter reduction and equivalent circuit construction) and causing model parameter distortion.

[0039] Step 210-3: Convert the verified equipment parameters to the preset reference capacity and reference voltage.

[0040] The reference capacity is a unified power reference value (commonly 100MVA) set in the power system equivalent calculation. It is used to convert the parameters of equipment with different capacities into the same power dimension to ensure calculation consistency. The reference voltage is a unified voltage reference value (commonly the voltage level of the cluster grid connection point, such as 220kV) set in the power system equivalent calculation. It is used to convert the parameters of equipment with different voltage levels into the same voltage dimension to avoid calculation errors caused by dimension differences.

[0041] For the embodiments disclosed herein, a preset reference capacity (e.g., 100MVA, a commonly used reference value in power systems) and reference voltage (e.g., 220kV, corresponding to the voltage level of the cluster grid connection point) can be determined first. Then, for the verified core equipment parameters (e.g., the resistance and leakage reactance of the main transformer, and the resistance and reactance of the collector lines), the power system parameter reduction formula is used for conversion. For example, the resistance of the 37kV side main transformer and the reactance of the 35kV side collector lines are converted into standardized parameters under the 220kV reference voltage and 100MVA reference capacity. Finally, a parameter set in which all core equipment parameters are in the same reference dimension is formed, so as to provide a unified data dimension for the subsequent construction of the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit and the aggregation of collector line parameters.

[0042] By unifying the verified parameters of devices with different voltage levels and capacities to a preset benchmark, the problem of inconsistent parameter dimensions caused by differences in rated voltage and rated capacity of devices can be solved, ensuring the comparability of parameters in subsequent equivalent calculations. At the same time, the standardized parameter set can avoid calculation errors caused by parameters of different dimensions directly participating in modeling, and can provide a unified data foundation for the accurate construction of transformer T-shaped equivalent circuits and the reliable aggregation of equivalent parameters of collector lines, further improving the calculation accuracy and consistency of the equivalent model of new energy clusters.

[0043] Step 220: Extract the number of primary turns, number of secondary turns, primary resistance, primary leakage reactance, secondary resistance, and secondary leakage reactance from the preprocessed main transformer parameters.

[0044] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the number of primary turns, which characterizes the core characteristics of the transformer primary winding, is accurately extracted from the preprocessed main transformer parameters. Primary resistance Primary leakage reactance And the number of secondary turns, which characterizes the core characteristics of the secondary winding. Secondary resistance Secondary leakage reactance ;in Used to simulate the copper loss of the primary winding. Used to simulate the leakage reactance of the primary winding. Used to simulate copper loss in the secondary winding Used to simulate the leakage reactance of the secondary winding. and This directly determines the calculation result of the subsequent turns ratio k.

[0045] Step 230: Calculate the turns ratio based on the number of turns on the primary side and the number of turns on the secondary side, and perform a linear transformation to reduce the secondary side resistance and leakage reactance based on the turns ratio.

[0046] For embodiments of this disclosure, the primary-side turns number can be extracted first from the preprocessed main transformer parameters. Number of turns on the secondary side According to the formula The turns ratio k of the transformer is calculated (k reflects the voltage transformation relationship between the primary and secondary windings); due to the different voltage levels of the primary and secondary windings (e.g., 220kV primary and 37kV secondary), the secondary resistance... With secondary leakage reactance Cannot be directly compared with the original edge parameters , Therefore, it is necessary to perform a linear transformation and reduction of the secondary side parameters based on the turns ratio k. The reduction formulas are as follows: reduced secondary side resistance values. Secondary side leakage reactance calculation value This reduction method converts the secondary side parameters to the primary side voltage level dimension, ensuring that the reduced secondary side parameters have the same calculation basis as the primary side parameters, which can be used for the subsequent integration and construction of the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit.

[0047] Step 240: Integrate the calculated secondary resistance and secondary leakage reactance with the primary resistance and primary leakage reactance to construct a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit including the primary winding, secondary winding and excitation branch.

[0048] For the embodiments of this disclosure, step 240 may specifically include the following steps: Step 240-1: Based on the preprocessed main transformer parameters, extract the rated capacity and no-load loss data of the main transformer, and calculate the equivalent admittance of the excitation branch in the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit.

[0049] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the rated capacity of the main transformer can be extracted from the preprocessed main transformer parameters. (e.g., 200MVA) and no-load loss (e.g., 0.02MW), further based on no-load losses With primary side rated voltage Calculate magnetizing conductance and based on the rated capacity of the main transformer Magnetizing conductivity Primary side rated voltage and excitation current Calculate the excitation susceptance Then, based on the characteristic that the transformer core loss is borne by the excitation branch, the equivalent admittance of the excitation branch is calculated using a formula. .

[0050] Step 240-2: In the circuit modeling interface of the power system simulation platform, connect the primary side resistance and primary side leakage reactance in series to form the primary winding branch, and connect the reduced secondary side resistance and secondary side leakage reactance in series to form the secondary winding branch.

[0051] For embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 3 As shown, it can be and Connected sequentially according to electrical series logic, they form the primary winding branch. The current in this branch is the primary current phasor. ;Will and Similarly, connected in series logic, a secondary-side reduced winding branch is formed. The current in this branch is the secondary-side reduced current phasor. .

[0052] Step 240-3: Connect the equivalent admittance of the excitation branch at the intermediate node between the primary winding branch and the secondary winding branch to form a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit.

[0053] For embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 3 As shown, the intermediate node between the primary winding branch and the secondary reduced winding branch (i.e., the endpoint of the primary winding branch near the excitation side and the endpoint of the secondary reduced winding branch near the excitation side) can be located in the simulation platform and connected to the excitation resistor. (Used to simulate active power loss in the iron core) and excitation reactance (Used to simulate the magnetization characteristics of the iron core) Parallel excitation branches form a complete transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit; the voltage balance relationship of this circuit is quantitatively reflected by basic equations: the primary side satisfies In the formula, This is the primary voltage phasor; This is the primary current phasor; The phasor of the induced electromotive force on the primary side; This is the primary-side resistance; (Primary side leakage reactance); secondary side calculation side satisfies In the formula, The phasor of the induced electromotive force on the primary side; This is the reduced secondary-side induced electromotive force phasor; For secondary side resistance; For secondary side leakage reactance; To calculate the current phasor on the secondary side, ; For the secondary-side voltage phasor, .

[0054] Step 250: Calculate the equivalent parameters of the collector line based on the preprocessed basic parameters.

[0055] The equivalent parameters of the collector line include the equivalent total resistance and the equivalent total reactance of the collector line.

[0056] In a specific application scenario, step 250 of the embodiment may include the following steps: Step 250-1: Based on the cluster topology parameters, extract the resistance and reactance of each collection line from the preprocessed collection line parameters, and extract the operating current, active power, and reactive power of the corresponding collection line from the operation scenario data.

[0057] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the total number of circuits n of the power collection line and the connection relationship between each circuit and the wind turbine and bus can be determined first based on the cluster topology parameters. Based on this, the line resistance of each circuit can be extracted from the preprocessed power collection line parameters. Line reactance Simultaneously, the operating current of each circuit is extracted from the operational scenario data matching this topology. Active power transmitted With reactive power .

[0058] Step 250-2: Calculate the active power loss of a single circuit based on its resistance and operating current, and calculate the voltage loss of a single circuit based on its resistance, reactance, active power, and reactive power.

[0059] For embodiments of this disclosure, each single circuit in a multi-circuit network can be calculated according to the formula. Calculate its active power loss, where, , Let i be the operating current of the i-th cycle. Let be the resistance of the i-th circuit. For a single-circuit circuit, it can also be calculated using the formula... Calculate its voltage loss, where, , These represent the active and reactive power of the i-th circuit, respectively. Let i be the reactance of the i-th circuit. This is the line's rated voltage.

[0060] Step 250-3: Based on the loss consistency constraint, sum the active power losses of all return collection lines to obtain the total active power loss, and sum the voltage losses of all return collection lines to obtain the total voltage loss.

[0061] The loss consistency constraint can include power loss consistency constraint and voltage loss consistency constraint. The power loss consistency constraint requires that the total active power loss of the single equivalent collector line constructed subsequently must completely match the total active power loss of the actual multi-circuit collector line; the voltage loss consistency constraint requires that the total voltage loss of the equivalent line be consistent with the total voltage loss of the actual multi-circuit line, so as to avoid the distortion of loss characteristics caused by simplified modeling.

[0062] For embodiments of this disclosure, the active power loss of the equivalent collector line can be calculated based on power loss consistency constraints. ,in, Furthermore, the voltage loss of the equivalent collector line can be calculated based on voltage loss consistency constraints. ,in, .

[0063] Step 250-4: Take the average value of the operating current of all return collection lines as the equivalent line current, sum the active power of all return collection lines to obtain the total active power, and sum the reactive power of all return collection lines to obtain the total reactive power.

[0064] In this embodiment of the disclosure, to meet the parameter calculation requirements of the equivalent line, it is necessary to take the arithmetic mean of the operating current of all circuits as the equivalent line current. The total active power of the equivalent line is obtained by summing the active and reactive power of all circuits. Total reactive power .

[0065] Step 250-5: Calculate the equivalent total resistance of the collector line based on the total active power loss and the equivalent line current, and calculate the equivalent total reactance of the collector line based on the total voltage loss, total active power, total reactive power and the equivalent total resistance.

[0066] For embodiments of this disclosure, the power loss formula can be used as a basis. Deriving the equivalent total resistance of the collector circuit Then, the equivalent total resistance of the collector circuit is... Substitute into the voltage loss formula The equivalent total reactance of the collector line is obtained by deformation. ,in, , , .

[0067] Step 260: Associate the equivalent circuit of the transformer T-shaped circuit and the equivalent parameters of the collector line with the internal equipment model of the new energy power station, and connect the receiving end grid parameters to build the initial equivalent model of the new energy cluster.

[0068] For the embodiments of this disclosure, the pre-constructed equivalent transformer T-shaped circuit can be imported into the circuit modeling module of a power system simulation platform (such as PSASP or BPA) to ensure that the circuit parameters are completely consistent with the pre-processed reduction results. Then, the previously calculated equivalent collector line parameters (equivalent total resistance, equivalent total reactance) are retrieved from the simulation platform's parameter library and connected to the platform's line modeling interface. Following the actual connection relationship of "collector line - transformer low-voltage side" in the cluster topology parameters, an electrical connection is established between the output terminal of the collector line equivalent parameters and the low-voltage side bus of the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit, forming the basic path for power transmission. Subsequently, in the simulation platform's equipment model library, Add models of switchgear (such as 35kV side vacuum circuit breakers) and grounding equipment (such as 10kV grounding transformers) inside the power station, and connect these devices with the equivalent parameters of the transformer T-shaped circuit and collector lines according to the actual topology to form an equivalent network inside the power station covering "collector-transformer-control-grounding". Finally, based on the parameters of the receiving-end power grid (at least including the equivalent impedance of the receiving-end power grid and the rated voltage of the connecting bus), construct the equivalent model of the receiving-end power grid in the simulation platform, and then establish an electrical connection between the high-voltage side bus of the equivalent network inside the power station and the 220kV connecting bus of the equivalent model of the receiving-end power grid, thus forming an initial equivalent model of the new energy cluster that includes the equipment inside the power station and the receiving-end power grid.

[0069] Accordingly, step 260 of the embodiment may include the following steps: Step 260-1: Import the equivalent T-shaped transformer circuit into the power system simulation platform.

[0070] Step 260-2: Connect the equivalent parameters of the collector line to the power system simulation platform and form an electrical connection with the low-voltage side of the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit.

[0071] Step 260-3: Add the switchgear model and grounding equipment model inside the power system simulation platform, and form the equivalent network inside the power station with the equivalent circuit of the transformer T-shaped circuit and the equivalent parameters of the collector line.

[0072] Step 260-4: Construct an equivalent model of the receiving-end power grid based on the receiving-end power grid parameters. Connect the high-voltage side of the equivalent network inside the station to the connecting bus of the equivalent model of the receiving-end power grid to form an initial equivalent model. The receiving-end power grid parameters include at least the equivalent impedance and bus voltage parameters of the receiving-end power grid.

[0073] Step 270: Verify the initial equivalent model through power flow calculation and transient fault scanning, and determine the verified initial equivalent model as the target equivalent model for the new energy cluster.

[0074] For embodiments of this disclosure, step 270 may include the following steps: Step 270-1: Perform power flow calculations on the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster respectively, and obtain the voltage values ​​of each node and the active power values ​​of each branch in the two models.

[0075] For the embodiments of this disclosure, the power flow calculation boundary conditions can be set to be completely identical for the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster, including the power output of the new energy cluster (e.g., the total active power of 500MW when the wind turbines are running at full capacity), the load power of the receiving-end grid (e.g., the load on the 220kV bus side is 200MW), the initial value of the bus voltage (e.g., the voltage of the receiving-end grid connection bus is 220kV), and the network topology constraints (e.g., all switching equipment is in the closed state). Then, the power flow calculation function is started in the simulation platform. The platform will solve the steady-state operation state of the two types of models based on Kirchhoff's laws and the power balance equation. After the calculation is completed, the voltage values ​​of the same key nodes (e.g., the first bus of the collector line, the 35kV bus on the low-voltage side of the main transformer, the 220kV bus on the high-voltage side of the main transformer, and the receiving-end grid connection bus) of the two types of models are extracted from the simulation results, as well as the active power values ​​of the same key branches (e.g., each collector line, the high and low voltage side branches of the main transformer, and the branch connecting the substation and the receiving-end grid) to form static characteristic comparison data of the two types of models.

[0076] Step 270-2: Set up multiple transient fault scenarios in the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster, and collect dynamic response data of node terminal voltage during the fault duration.

[0077] For the embodiments disclosed herein, multiple transient fault scenarios to be verified can be determined first (e.g., covering typical power system disturbance types, such as three-phase short circuit, single-phase ground fault, and two-phase short circuit). In the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster, the same fault conditions are set synchronously: the fault location is selected from key nodes of the cluster (e.g., the middle section of the collector line, the 220kV busbar on the high-voltage side of the main transformer, and the branch connecting the substation and the receiving-end power grid); the fault type and duration are consistent (e.g., three-phase short circuit lasting 0.1 seconds, single-phase ground fault lasting 0.15 seconds); and the fault occurrence time is uniformly set to the simulation start time. One second after the start, the initial operating states of both models (wind turbine output 500MW, receiving-end grid bus voltage 220kV, switch closed state) are completely matched with the boundary conditions of the previous power flow calculation. Then, transient simulation is started in the power system simulation platform. The platform will simulate the dynamic process of fault triggering, continuing until natural clearing. During the simulation, the voltage dynamic response data of the key nodes in the two models are collected synchronously at a fixed time step of 1 millisecond. The data must include the voltage amplitude and voltage phase angle of each time step, and finally form the time-voltage dynamic response data of the two models during the fault duration.

[0078] Step 270-3: Based on the voltage values ​​of each node and the active power values ​​of each branch, calculate the node voltage deviation and branch active power deviation between the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster. Based on the dynamic response data of the node terminal voltage, compare the shape, peak value and oscillation trend of the node terminal voltage response curves of the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster under the same transient fault.

[0079] For the embodiments of this disclosure, the node voltage deviation and branch active power deviation of the two types of models can be calculated first based on the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster obtained by the previous power flow calculation, using the deviation calculation formula. The deviation calculation needs to cover all key nodes and branches. Then, based on the node terminal voltage dynamic response data collected by transient fault simulation, the voltage response curves of the same key node of the two types of models under the same transient fault (such as three-phase short circuit on the high voltage side of the main transformer) are superimposed and compared: first observe whether the curve shape is consistent, then extract the peak value of the curve, and finally analyze the oscillation trend to form a complete comparison result of static deviation and dynamic characteristics.

[0080] Step 270-4: Compare the node voltage deviation and branch active power deviation with the preset thresholds, and at the same time confirm whether the shape, peak value and oscillation trend of the node terminal voltage response curve meet the curve consistency requirements.

[0081] For the embodiments of this disclosure, the node voltage deviations between the previously calculated initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster can be used to retrieve a pre-set deviation threshold (this threshold is determined by combining the power system simulation accuracy requirements and engineering practice experience, such as a node voltage relative deviation threshold ≤2% and a branch active power relative deviation threshold ≤1%). The voltage deviations of all key nodes and the power deviations of key branches are compared with the corresponding thresholds one by one to determine whether there are any deviation items exceeding the thresholds. At the same time, based on the node terminal voltage response curves of the two types of models under transient faults, verification is carried out according to the curve consistency requirements: first, it is confirmed whether the curve shape is completely matched; then, it is verified whether the difference in the peak value of the curve is within the allowable range; finally, it is checked whether the oscillation trend is consistent. If all deviation items do not exceed the preset thresholds and the curve characteristics meet the consistency requirements, the initial equivalent model is determined to have passed this round of verification. If there are deviation items that exceed the preset thresholds or the curve characteristics meet the consistency requirements, the initial equivalent model is determined to have failed this round of verification, and the above-mentioned construction process of the initial equivalent model can be re-executed.

[0082] Step 270-5: If the node voltage deviation and branch active power deviation both meet the preset thresholds and satisfy the curve consistency requirements, then the initial equivalent model is determined to have passed the verification and is identified as the target equivalent model for the new energy cluster.

[0083] When both the static deviation and dynamic curve verification results meet the standards, the initial equivalent model can be determined to have passed all verification stages and can be officially identified as the target equivalent model that can accurately reflect the steady-state and transient characteristics of the new energy cluster, for use in subsequent power grid planning, power flow calculation, transient stability analysis and other engineering applications.

[0084] In specific application scenarios, to facilitate understanding of this solution and verify its feasibility, the following example illustrates the technical solution in this application. Taking wind farm B connected to substation A as an example, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Acquisition and Preprocessing of Basic Parameters Obtain the basic parameters of the electric field B, including: 1. Topology parameters: The wind farm consists of 53 wind turbines, which are connected to the 35kV bus via 3 collection lines. The 35kV bus is stepped up by 3 main transformers (No. 1 to No. 3, rated voltage 220kV / 37kV) and then connected to the 220kV bus. The 220kV bus is connected to the receiving end power grid through the line. 2. Equipment parameters: No. 1 main transformer parameters (rated capacity 200MVA, short-circuit impedance 0.08pu, excitation impedance 50p.u.), collector line parameters (resistance per circuit 0.00265Ω / km, reactance 0.00665Ω / km, length 10km); 3. Flood season scenario data: When the wind turbine is running at full capacity, the 35kV bus voltage is 37.0kV (phase angle 37.9°), the 220kV bus voltage is 230.5kV, the primary current of the main transformer is 1.2kA, and the total active power of the collector line is 500MW.

[0085] Preprocess the parameters: remove abnormal data (such as data with voltage fluctuations exceeding ±5%), and uniformly convert the equipment parameters to the 220kV reference value (reference capacity 100MVA, reference voltage 220kV).

[0086] Step 2: Constructing the transformer T-equivalent circuit Taking the No. 1 main transformer (220kV / 37kV) as an example, parameter reduction is performed based on magnetomotive force and power conservation: 1. Turns ratio k = N1 / N2 = 220 / 37 ≈ 5.9459; 2. Secondary resistance calculation: If the actual secondary resistance R2 = 0.01Ω (37kV side), then the resistance calculated to the 220kV side is R2' = R2 × k² ≈ 0.01 × (5.9459)² ≈ 0.3535Ω; 3. Secondary side leakage reactance calculation: If the actual secondary side leakage reactance X 2σ =0.05Ω (37kV side), then the reactance X referred to the 220kV side is... 2σ '=X 2σ×k²≈0.05×35.35≈1.7675Ω; 4. Primary side parameters: Primary side resistance R1 = 0.3Ω, primary side leakage reactance X 1σ =1.5Ω; By constructing a T-shaped equivalent circuit, its basic circuit equation can be determined as: U 220 =0.3I1+j1.5I1+E1,E1=0.3535I2'+j1.7675I2'+U 37 '。 Among them, U 220 I1 is the voltage phasor on the 220kV side, and U is the current phasor on the 220kV side. 37 'I2' is the voltage phasor from 37kV to 220kV, and I2' is the current phasor from 37kV to 220kV.

[0087] Step 3: Aggregation of collector line parameters Electric field B contains three collector lines (collector lines 1-3), which are aggregated based on loss consistency constraints: 1. Single-circuit line parameters (converted to 35kV baseline): R1=0.00265×10=0.0265Ω, X1=0.00665×10=0.0665Ω; 2. Power loss of a single circuit: ΔP1 = I1²R1, where I1 = P1 / (√3U) 35 = (500 / 3) / (√3×35)≈2.75kA, therefore ΔP1≈(2.75)²×0.0265≈0.201MW; 3. Total power loss of the three circuits: ΔP total =3×0.201≈0.603MW; 4. Equivalent line current I eq =√((500MW) / (√3×35kV))≈4.76kA; 5. Equivalent line resistance R eq =ΔP total / I eq ²≈0.603×10^6 / (4.76×10^3)²≈0.027Ω; 6. Similarly, calculate the equivalent line reactance X. eq ≈0.067Ω, ensuring consistent voltage drop (ΔU) eq =3×ΔU1≈0.5kV).

[0088] Step 4: Building the Equivalence Model Build an equivalent model on the BPA simulation platform: 1. Integration Module: Integrates the T-shaped equivalent circuits of the three main transformers, the aggregated collector line parameters, the 35kV / 220kV busbar model, and the grounding equipment model; 2. Grid Connection: Equivalent model of 220kV busbar (Sushenghai 21 / 22) connected to the receiving-end grid (Thevenin equivalent: voltage 230kV, impedance Z) g =0.01+j0.05Ω). 3. Boundary conditions: Set the wind turbine output (500MW) for the high flood season scenario, and the initial value of the 35kV bus voltage is 37.0kV.

[0089] Step 5: Model Validation 1. Power flow parameter verification: The power flow parameters of the equivalent model and the detailed model (including a full model of all wind turbines, lines, and equipment) are compared. The results are as follows:

[0090] As shown in the table, the voltage deviation is ≤0.3% and the active power deviation is ≤0.3%, which meets the accuracy requirements.

[0091] 2. Transient Fault Verification: A three-terminal N-2 fault (line disconnection between distribution buses 21 and 22 in an offshore wind farm) was performed on both models, and the positive sequence voltage curve of bus 21 in the Sushenghai wind farm was compared. (1) Detailed model: The voltage drops to 1.8 pu at the moment of the fault, and recovers to 2.0 pu after 0.5 s, with an oscillation frequency of 1.2 Hz; (2) Equivalent model: The voltage drops to 1.82 pu at the moment of the fault and recovers to 2.01 pu after 0.5 s, with an oscillation frequency of 1.18 Hz; The curves are consistent, with peak deviation ≤1.1% and oscillation frequency deviation ≤1.7%, verifying the transient accuracy of the equivalent model.

[0092] In summary, the technical solution in this application, by first collecting, validating, and preprocessing the basic parameters of the new energy cluster, can standardize and validate the cluster topology, core equipment, and operational scenario data, providing a high-quality data foundation for subsequent accurate modeling and solving the problem of simplified models ignoring detailed parameters of internal equipment; then, based on the preprocessed basic parameters, the turns ratio is calculated, and a T-shaped equivalent circuit containing the excitation branch is constructed based on the turns ratio. Simultaneously, the collector line parameters are aggregated according to loss consistency constraints to ensure that the equivalent line loss matches the actual line loss; subsequently, the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit and collector line are integrated. An initial model was built using equivalent parameters of the line, internal equipment of the substation, and parameters of the receiving-end power grid. Finally, the initial model was double-validated by power flow calculations to verify the deviation of static parameters and transient fault scanning to verify the consistency of dynamic response. This approach fully considers the consistency constraints of power loss and voltage loss and strengthens the characterization of dynamic response characteristics under transient faults. It significantly improves the accuracy of the model in power flow calculations and transient stability analysis, effectively solves the problem of excessive model deviation under extreme operating conditions, and the final target equivalent model can meet engineering requirements, providing a reliable basis for power grid dispatching departments to evaluate the safe and stable operation of new energy clusters after grid connection.

[0093] Furthermore, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 The specific implementation of the method shown in this embodiment provides an equivalent model construction device for new energy clusters, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the device may include: a processing module 41, a calculation module 42, a construction module 43, and a verification module 44.

[0094] Processing module 41 can be used to obtain the basic parameters of the new energy cluster and preprocess the basic parameters; The calculation module 42 can be used to construct the equivalent circuit of the transformer T-shape based on the preprocessed basic parameters, and to calculate the equivalent parameters of the collector line based on the preprocessed basic parameters. Module 43 can be used to associate the equivalent circuit of the transformer T-shaped circuit and the equivalent parameters of the collector line with the internal equipment model of the new energy power station, and connect the receiving end grid parameters to build the initial equivalent model of the new energy cluster. The verification module 44 can be used to verify the initial equivalent model through power flow calculation and transient fault scanning, and the verified initial equivalent model is determined as the target equivalent model of the new energy cluster.

[0095] In some embodiments of this application, the processing module 41 can be used to collect basic parameters of the new energy cluster. The basic parameters include at least cluster topology parameters, core equipment parameters, and operating scenario data. The core equipment parameters include at least main transformer parameters and collector line parameters. The processing module 41 can be used to verify the validity of the basic parameters and remove data that exceeds the rated range of the equipment or has abrupt changes. The verified equipment parameters are then uniformly converted to a preset reference capacity and reference voltage.

[0096] In some embodiments of this application, when constructing a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit based on preprocessed basic parameters, the calculation module 42 can be specifically used to extract the number of primary turns, the number of secondary turns, the primary resistance, the primary leakage reactance, the secondary resistance, and the secondary leakage reactance from the preprocessed main transformer parameters; calculate the turns ratio based on the number of primary and secondary turns, and perform linear transformation reduction on the secondary resistance and secondary leakage reactance based on the turns ratio; integrate the reduced secondary resistance and secondary leakage reactance with the primary resistance and primary leakage reactance to construct a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit including the primary winding, the secondary winding, and the excitation branch.

[0097] Correspondingly, when integrating the reduced secondary resistance and secondary leakage reactance with the primary resistance and primary leakage reactance to construct a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit including the primary winding, secondary winding, and excitation branch, the calculation module 42 can be used to extract the rated capacity and no-load loss data of the main transformer based on the preprocessed main transformer parameters, and calculate the equivalent admittance of the excitation branch in the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit; in the circuit modeling interface of the power system simulation platform, the primary resistance and primary leakage reactance are connected in series to form the primary winding branch, and the reduced secondary resistance and secondary leakage reactance are connected in series to form the secondary winding branch; at the intermediate node between the primary winding branch and the secondary winding branch, the equivalent admittance of the excitation branch is connected to form the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit.

[0098] In some embodiments of this application, the equivalent parameters of the collector lines include the equivalent total resistance and the equivalent total reactance of the collector lines. When calculating the equivalent parameters of the collector lines based on the preprocessed basic parameters, the calculation module 42 can be specifically used to extract the resistance and reactance of each collector line from the preprocessed collector line parameters based on the cluster topology parameters, and to extract the operating current, active power, and reactive power of the corresponding collector lines from the operating scenario data; calculate the active power loss of a single circuit based on the resistance and operating current of a single circuit, and calculate the single circuit's active power loss based on the resistance, reactance, active power, and reactive power of the single circuit. The voltage loss of the return lines is calculated. Based on the loss consistency constraint, the active power loss of all return lines is summed to obtain the total active power loss, and the voltage loss of all return lines is summed to obtain the total voltage loss. The average value of the operating current of all return lines is taken as the equivalent line current. The active power of all return lines is summed to obtain the total active power, and the reactive power of all return lines is summed to obtain the total reactive power. The equivalent total resistance of the collector lines is calculated based on the total active power loss and the equivalent line current. The equivalent total reactance of the collector lines is calculated based on the total voltage loss, total active power, total reactive power, and equivalent total resistance.

[0099] In some embodiments of this application, the construction module 43 can be specifically used to import the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit into the power system simulation platform; connect the equivalent parameters of the collector line to the power system simulation platform and form an electrical connection with the low-voltage side of the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit; add the switch equipment model and grounding equipment model inside the power station to the power system simulation platform, and form an equivalent network inside the power station with the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit and the equivalent parameters of the collector line; construct the equivalent model of the receiving-end power grid based on the receiving-end power grid parameters, and form an electrical connection between the high-voltage side of the equivalent network inside the power station and the connecting bus of the receiving-end power grid equivalent model to form an initial equivalent model. The receiving-end power grid parameters include at least the equivalent impedance and bus voltage parameters of the receiving-end power grid.

[0100] In some embodiments of this application, the verification module 44 can be specifically used to perform power flow calculations on the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster, respectively, to obtain the voltage values ​​of each node and the active power values ​​of each branch in the two models; to set multiple transient fault scenarios in the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster, and to collect the dynamic response data of the node terminal voltage during the fault duration; to calculate the node voltage deviation and branch active power deviation between the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster based on the voltage values ​​of each node and the active power values ​​of each branch, and to compare the shape, peak value and oscillation trend of the node terminal voltage response curve of the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster under the same transient fault based on the dynamic response data of the node terminal voltage; to compare the node voltage deviation and branch active power deviation with preset thresholds, and to confirm whether the shape, peak value and oscillation trend of the node terminal voltage response curve meet the curve consistency requirements; if the node voltage deviation and branch active power deviation both meet the preset thresholds and meet the curve consistency requirements, then the initial equivalent model is determined to pass the verification and is identified as the target equivalent model of the new energy cluster.

[0101] It should be noted that other corresponding descriptions of the functional units involved in the equivalent model construction device for a new energy cluster provided in this embodiment can be found in [reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The corresponding description in [the document] will not be repeated here.

[0102] Based on the above, Figure 1 and Figure 2 Accordingly, this embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The method for constructing an equivalent model of the new energy cluster is shown.

[0103] Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as CD-ROM, USB flash drive, mobile hard drive, etc.) and includes several instructions to cause an electronic device (such as personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various implementation scenarios of this application.

[0104] Based on the above, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The method shown, and Figure 4 To achieve the above objectives, the present application also provides an electronic device, specifically a personal computer, tablet computer, server, or other network device, as shown in the virtual device embodiment. This device includes a storage medium and a processor; the storage medium stores a computer program; the processor executes the computer program to achieve the above-described objectives. Figure 1and Figure 2 The method for constructing an equivalent model of the new energy cluster is shown.

[0105] Optionally, the aforementioned physical devices may also include a user interface, a network interface, a camera, radio frequency (RF) circuitry, sensors, audio circuitry, a Wi-Fi module, etc. The user interface may include a display screen, input units such as a keyboard, etc., and optional user interfaces may also include USB interfaces, card reader interfaces, etc. The network interface may optionally include standard wired interfaces, wireless interfaces (such as Wi-Fi interfaces), etc.

[0106] Those skilled in the art will understand that the physical device structure provided in this embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the physical device, and may include more or fewer components, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0107] The storage medium may also include an operating system and a network communication module. The operating system is a program that manages the hardware and software resources of the aforementioned physical device, supporting the operation of information processing programs and other software and / or programs. The network communication module is used to enable communication between the various components within the storage medium, as well as communication with other hardware and software in the information processing physical device.

[0108] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or it can be implemented by hardware.

[0109] This invention preprocesses the basic parameters of the new energy cluster by collecting, validating, and recalculating the baseline parameters. This standardizes and validates the cluster topology, core equipment, and operational scenario data, providing a high-quality data foundation for subsequent accurate modeling and addressing the problem of simplified models ignoring detailed parameters of internal equipment. Then, based on the preprocessed basic parameters, the turns ratio is calculated, and a T-shaped equivalent circuit containing the excitation branch is constructed. Simultaneously, the collector line parameters are aggregated according to loss consistency constraints to ensure that the equivalent line loss matches the actual line loss. Subsequently, an initial model is built by integrating the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit, collector line equivalent parameters, station internal equipment, and receiving-end grid parameters. Finally, the initial model is double-validated by power flow calculations that verify static parameter deviations and transient fault scanning that verifies dynamic response consistency. This fully considers the consistency constraints of power loss and voltage loss and strengthens the characterization of dynamic response characteristics under transient faults, significantly improving the accuracy of the model in power flow calculations and transient stability analysis. It effectively solves the problem of excessive model deviation under extreme conditions. The final target equivalent model meets engineering requirements and provides a reliable basis for power grid dispatching departments to assess the safe and stable operation of the new energy cluster after grid connection.

[0110] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of a preferred embodiment, and the modules or processes shown in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the apparatus of the embodiment can be distributed within the apparatus of the embodiment as described, or can be modified to be located in one or more apparatuses different from this embodiment. The modules of the above-described embodiment can be combined into one module, or further divided into multiple sub-modules.

[0111] The serial numbers in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of any particular implementation scenario. The above disclosures are merely a few specific implementation scenarios of this application; however, this application is not limited thereto, and any variations conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an equivalent model of a new energy cluster, characterized in that, include: Obtain the basic parameters of the new energy cluster and preprocess the basic parameters; The transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit is constructed based on the preprocessed basic parameters, and the equivalent parameters of the collector line are calculated based on the preprocessed basic parameters. The equivalent circuit of the transformer T-shaped circuit and the equivalent parameters of the collector line are associated with the internal equipment model of the new energy power station, and the receiving end grid parameters are connected to build the initial equivalent model of the new energy cluster. The initial equivalent model is verified by power flow calculation and transient fault scanning, and the verified initial equivalent model is determined as the target equivalent model of the new energy cluster.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of basic parameters of the new energy cluster and the preprocessing of the basic parameters include: Collect basic parameters of the new energy cluster. The basic parameters include at least cluster topology parameters, core equipment parameters, and operating scenario data. The core equipment parameters include at least main transformer parameters and collector line parameters. The basic parameters are validated, and data that exceeds the equipment's rated range or exhibits abnormal changes are removed. The verified equipment parameters are uniformly converted to the preset reference capacity and reference voltage.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The construction of the transformer T-equivalent circuit based on the preprocessed basic parameters includes: Extract the primary side number of turns, secondary side number of turns, primary side resistance, primary side leakage reactance, secondary side resistance, and secondary side leakage reactance from the preprocessed main transformer parameters; The turns ratio is calculated based on the number of turns on the primary side and the number of turns on the secondary side, and the secondary side resistance and the secondary side leakage reactance are linearly transformed and reduced based on the turns ratio; The calculated secondary resistance and secondary leakage reactance are integrated with the primary resistance and primary leakage reactance to construct a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit that includes the primary winding, secondary winding, and excitation branch.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of integrating the reduced secondary resistance and secondary leakage reactance with the primary resistance and primary leakage reactance to construct a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit including the primary winding, secondary winding, and excitation branch includes: Based on the preprocessed main transformer parameters, the rated capacity and no-load loss data of the main transformer are extracted, and the equivalent admittance of the excitation branch in the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit is calculated. In the circuit modeling interface of the power system simulation platform, the primary side resistance and the primary side leakage reactance are connected in series to form the primary winding branch, and the reduced secondary side resistance and the secondary side leakage reactance are connected in series to form the secondary winding branch. At the midpoint between the primary winding branch and the secondary winding branch, the equivalent admittance of the excitation branch is connected to form a transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The equivalent parameters of the collector line include the equivalent total resistance and the equivalent total reactance of the collector line. The calculation of the equivalent parameters of the collector line based on the preprocessed basic parameters includes: Based on the cluster topology parameters, the resistance and reactance of each collection line are extracted from the preprocessed collection line parameters, and the operating current, active power, and reactive power of the corresponding collection line are extracted from the operating scenario data. The active power loss of a single circuit is calculated based on its resistance and operating current. The voltage loss of a single circuit is calculated based on its resistance, reactance, active power, and reactive power. Based on the loss consistency constraint, the total active power loss is obtained by summing the active power losses of all return collection lines, and the total voltage loss is obtained by summing the voltage losses of all return collection lines. The average value of the operating current of all return collection lines is taken as the equivalent line current. The total active power is obtained by summing the active power of all return collection lines, and the total reactive power is obtained by summing the reactive power of all return collection lines. The equivalent total resistance of the collector line is calculated based on the total active power loss and the equivalent line current, and the equivalent total reactance of the collector line is calculated based on the total voltage loss, the total active power, the total reactive power and the equivalent total resistance.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial equivalent model of the new energy cluster is constructed by associating the equivalent circuit of the transformer T-shaped circuit and the equivalent parameters of the collector line with the internal equipment model of the new energy power station, and connecting them with the receiving-end grid parameters, including: Import the equivalent T-shaped transformer circuit into the power system simulation platform; The equivalent parameters of the collector line are connected to the power system simulation platform to form an electrical connection with the low-voltage side of the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit; Add switching equipment models and grounding equipment models inside the power system simulation platform, and form an internal equivalent network of the power station together with the transformer T-shaped equivalent circuit and the equivalent parameters of the collector line; An equivalent model of the receiving-end power grid is constructed based on the receiving-end power grid parameters. The high-voltage side of the equivalent network inside the station is electrically connected to the connecting bus of the equivalent model of the receiving-end power grid to form an initial equivalent model. The receiving-end power grid parameters include at least the equivalent impedance and bus voltage parameters of the receiving-end power grid.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of validating the initial equivalent model through power flow calculation and transient fault scanning, and determining the validated initial equivalent model as the target equivalent model for the new energy cluster, includes: Power flow calculations were performed on the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster to obtain the voltage values ​​of each node and the active power values ​​of each branch in the two models. Multiple transient fault scenarios are set in the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster, and dynamic response data of node terminal voltage are collected during the fault duration. Based on the voltage values ​​of each node and the active power values ​​of each branch, the node voltage deviation and branch active power deviation between the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster are calculated. Based on the dynamic response data of the node terminal voltage, the shape, peak value and oscillation trend of the node terminal voltage response curve of the initial equivalent model and the detailed model of the new energy cluster under the same transient fault are compared. The node voltage deviation and the branch active power deviation are compared with preset thresholds, and it is confirmed whether the shape, peak value and oscillation trend of the node terminal voltage response curve meet the curve consistency requirements. If the node voltage deviation and the branch active power deviation both meet the preset threshold and satisfy the curve consistency requirement, then the initial equivalent model is determined to have passed the verification and is identified as the target equivalent model of the new energy cluster.

8. A device for constructing an equivalent model of a new energy cluster, characterized in that, include: The processing module is used to obtain the basic parameters of the new energy cluster and preprocess the basic parameters; The calculation module is used to construct the equivalent T-shaped circuit of the transformer based on the preprocessed basic parameters, and to calculate the equivalent parameters of the collector line based on the preprocessed basic parameters. A module is built to associate the equivalent circuit of the transformer T-shaped circuit and the equivalent parameters of the collector line with the internal equipment model of the new energy power station, and to connect the receiving end grid parameters to build the initial equivalent model of the new energy cluster. The verification module is used to verify the initial equivalent model through power flow calculation and transient fault scanning, and to determine the verified initial equivalent model as the target equivalent model of the new energy cluster.

9. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device comprising a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

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