Self-adaptive nozzle type disc centrifugal machine capable of stably discharging

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive nozzle type disc centrifugal machine capable of stably discharging, and belongs to the technical field of disc centrifugal machines. According to the centrifugal machine, a plurality of spray holes are evenly formed in the maximum diameter position of a rotary drum along the circumference, an annular groove is machined in the inner wall of each spray hole, and a system can automatically sense and respond to the dynamic change of the internal pressure of the rotary drum; when the feeding load is increased and the internal pressure is increased, the sliding sleeve is stressed to automatically move backwards to increase the area of the slag discharge port so as to realize rapid pressure relief, and when the feeding load is reduced and the pressure is reduced, the sliding sleeve moves forwards to close the slag discharge port to prevent excessive discharge, and the process forms a set of completely built-in mechanical closed-loop control system. The working pressure of the separation area can be continuously maintained within the optimal set range without an external power source or a complex electronic control unit, so that the clarity of separated supernatant and the long-term stability of the dryness of heavy-phase slag discharge are effectively guaranteed, and the operation reliability and the separation quality of equipment under different working conditions are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of disc centrifuge technology, and particularly relates to a nozzle-type disc centrifuge with adaptive and stable discharge. Background Technology

[0002] A disc centrifuge is a vertical high-speed centrifuge. Its core feature is a set of coaxially stacked conical discs inside a vertical rotating drum. These discs divide the material into several thin layers, greatly shortening the settling distance of solid particles and increasing the settling area, thereby achieving efficient and rapid liquid-solid or liquid-liquid-solid separation.

[0003] Material is conveyed through the feed pipe into the high-speed rotating drum. Under the action of a strong centrifugal force field, solid particles settle directionally towards the drum wall, forming a solid slag layer that collects in the collection chamber around the drum. Finally, continuous slag discharge is achieved through nozzles evenly distributed along the circumference. Traditional nozzles mostly adopt a fixed orifice design, and their slag discharge cross-section cannot be adaptively adjusted according to fluctuations in the feed load. When the feed rate or concentration changes, this design easily leads to increased fluctuations in the thickness of the solid slag layer inside the drum and internal pressure imbalance, which in turn causes problems such as poor slag discharge and discontinuous discharge, seriously affecting the stability of the separation effect and the operational reliability of the equipment.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an adaptive, stable discharge nozzle-type disc centrifuge, designed to dynamically adjust the discharge port area and ensure stable separation performance under various operating conditions. (Invention Content) The purpose of this invention is to address the fact that traditional nozzles often adopt a fixed orifice design, and their slag discharge cross-section cannot be adaptively adjusted according to fluctuations in the feed load. When the feed rate or concentration changes, this design easily leads to increased fluctuations in the thickness of the solid slag layer inside the drum and internal pressure imbalance, which in turn causes problems such as poor slag discharge and discontinuous discharge, seriously affecting the stability of the separation effect and the operational reliability of the equipment. Therefore, an adaptive and stable discharge nozzle-type disc centrifuge is proposed.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An adaptive, stable discharge nozzle-type disc centrifuge includes a centrifuge body with multiple spray holes evenly distributed along the circumference at the maximum diameter of its drum. Each spray hole has an annular groove on its inner wall, and a second spray pipe and a first spray pipe are respectively fitted to its inner and outer ends. Crucially, it also includes: A sliding sleeve is rotatably supported between a first nozzle and a second nozzle via the annular groove; one end of the sliding sleeve is fitted with a first compensation sleeve, and a fixing ring with multiple first sliding grooves is fixed inside the first compensation sleeve; as well as multiple pivots and blades, each pivot passing through a blade and slidably connected to a corresponding first sliding groove; the other end of the sliding sleeve is rotatably connected to a second compensation sleeve, and a drive ring with multiple drive ports is fitted inside the second compensation sleeve, the end of each pivot extending into the corresponding drive port and being able to slide along it.

[0006] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: Multiple second limiting shafts are uniformly fixed on the circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve, and multiple axially extending second limiting grooves are correspondingly opened on the inner wall of the annular groove. Each second limiting shaft is respectively housed in the corresponding second limiting groove and can slide along its axial direction, thereby forming a sliding connection between the sliding sleeve and the spray hole.

[0007] The drive ring end face is rotatably connected to a telescopic tube, the other end of which is fixed to the end of the first nozzle, for transmitting torque and compensating for axial displacement when the drive ring rotates.

[0008] The outer wall of the first nozzle is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed second sliding grooves, and each second sliding groove is provided with a sliding guide structure and a gear transmission assembly.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: The sliding guide structure includes: a toothed plate, which is slidably disposed in the second sliding groove, with one end abutting against the end face of the drive ring; and a plurality of first springs, which are connected between the other end of the toothed plate and the inner sidewall of the second sliding groove.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: The gear transmission assembly is disposed in the second slide groove and is used to transmit the linear motion of the toothed plate to the drive ring. It includes a second gear, a second bevel gear, a first bevel gear and a first gear that mesh and transmit power in sequence. The second gear is fixed to the third axle that meshes with the toothed plate, the first gear is fixed to the first axle, the first axle is slidably sleeved in the second axle on which the first bevel gear is fixed, and is elastically connected by the second spring, and the first gear meshes with the first toothed ring fixed to the end face of the drive ring.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: The first nozzle has a guide adjustment mechanism inside its port for synchronously changing the angle of multiple guide vanes; The guiding adjustment mechanism includes a drive shaft rotatably mounted on the first nozzle port tripod, and multiple guide vanes arranged in a circular array, each of which is hinged to the drive shaft via a first adapter. It also includes a transmission assembly for coupling the oscillating motion of each of the guide vanes and converting it into a linear motion output. The transmission assembly includes a second adapter, a movable rod and a third adapter, which are sequentially hinged for each guide vane. The inner side of the third adapter is fixed with an adapter seat and a linkage sleeve, which are slidably sleeved inside the first nozzle. All the adapter seats are fixed to the inner wall of the linkage sleeve.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: Each of the second slide grooves has a sliding opening on its inner sidewall. A bridging rod is slidably connected in the sliding opening. One end of the bridging rod is connected to the outer sidewall of the linkage sleeve, and the other end of the bridging rod is connected to the slide plate.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: A third bevel gear is fixedly fitted at the end of the drive shaft, and a second toothed ring that meshes with the third bevel gear is connected to the inner side wall of the centrifuge body.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention employs an adaptive pressure regulation mechanism to ensure stable separation quality. Through a built-in mechanical closed-loop control system, the equipment can sense and respond to dynamic changes in the internal pressure of the drum in real time, and automatically adjust the opening of the slag discharge port. When the feed load increases and the internal pressure rises, the slag discharge port automatically expands to quickly relieve pressure; when the load decreases and the pressure drops, it automatically closes to prevent excessive slag discharge. This process requires no external power or electrical control intervention to stabilize the working pressure in the separation zone within the optimal range, thereby ensuring long-term consistency between the clarity of the separated liquid and the dryness of the discharged slag, significantly improving product quality and process reliability.

[0015] 2. This invention employs a swirling anti-clogging design, significantly extending the continuous operation cycle. A swirling generation system is integrated within the first nozzle, which can actively form a high-intensity rotating flow field and generate a stable central air core in the core area of ​​the flow channel. This physically prevents solid particles from entering and accumulating in the throat. This design transforms the traditional passive slag discharge into active dredging, fundamentally eliminating the risk of nozzle clogging. It is especially suitable for viscous, fibrous, or high-concentration materials that are prone to clogging, significantly reducing the number of unplanned downtimes and improving the continuous operation capability of the equipment.

[0016] 3. This invention employs a linkage adjustment mechanism to achieve on-demand energy supply. The opening of the slag discharge port and the intensity of the eddy current are linked and controlled through the same set of mechanical feedback mechanisms. When the discharge demand increases, the slag discharge port opens wider and the eddy current intensifies to ensure smooth flow. When the discharge demand decreases, the slag discharge port closes smaller and the eddy current weakens. This on-demand supply mechanism avoids the energy waste of traditional fixed-intensity eddy currents under low loads and achieves a precise match between energy saving and performance.

[0017] 4. This invention adopts a purely mechanical structure design, which has strong environmental adaptability and convenient maintenance. The entire adaptive adjustment and anti-blocking system has no external sensors, electrical control units or power sources. It relies entirely on the rotational kinetic energy of the equipment itself and internal hydraulic drive. The purely mechanical design gives it extremely high environmental tolerance. It is not afraid of moisture, corrosion and vibration. No programming or parameter setting is required. It has few failure points and is easy to maintain. It is especially suitable for harsh continuous production environments in industrial sites.

[0018] 5. This invention indirectly protects core components, improves the overall energy efficiency and lifespan of the machine, and effectively avoids dynamic balance damage and abnormal vibration caused by uneven slag discharge by stabilizing the internal pressure of the drum. It protects key components such as the drum and bearings. At the same time, smooth slag discharge reduces rotational resistance, and stable operating conditions reduce energy consumption. It improves the mechanical lifespan and overall energy efficiency of the main unit from the system level, thereby achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a nozzle-type disc centrifuge with adaptive stable discharge proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle-type disc centrifuge with adaptive and stable discharge proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first nozzle in a nozzle-type disc centrifuge with adaptive stable discharge proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This invention proposes an adaptive and stable discharge nozzle-type disc centrifuge. Figure 3 Disassembled structural diagram; Figure 5 This invention proposes an adaptive and stable discharge nozzle-type disc centrifuge. Figure 4 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 6 This invention proposes an adaptive and stable discharge nozzle-type disc centrifuge. Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 7 This invention proposes an adaptive and stable discharge nozzle-type disc centrifuge. Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0020] Legend: 1. Centrifuge body; 2. Nozzle; 3. Annular groove; 4. First nozzle; 5. Second nozzle; 6. Sliding sleeve; 7. First compensation sleeve; 8. Second compensation sleeve; 9. Fixing ring; 10. First sliding groove; 11. Blade; 12. Pivot; 13. Drive ring; 14. Drive port; 15. Second sliding groove; 16. First limiting groove; Sliding guide structure: 17. Toothed plate; 18. First limiting shaft; 19. First spring; 20. Telescopic tube; Gear transmission assembly: 21. First gear; 22. First axle; 23. Second spring; 24. First gear ring; 25. Second axle; 26. First bevel gear; 27. Second bevel gear; 28. Third axle; 29. ​​Second gear; Guiding adjustment mechanism: 30. Tripod; 31. Drive shaft; 32. First adapter frame; 33. Guide vane; Transmission components: 34. Second adapter frame; 35. Movable rod; 36. Adapter seat; 37. Linkage sleeve; 38. Bridging rod; 39. Sliding port; 40. Third bevel gear; 41. Second gear ring; 42. Second limit shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 7 This invention provides a technical solution: an adaptive and stable discharge nozzle-type disc centrifuge, comprising a centrifuge body 1, characterized in that, at the maximum diameter of the drum of the centrifuge body 1, a plurality of spray holes 2 are evenly distributed along the circumference, each spray hole 2 has an annular groove 3 machined on its inner wall, and a second spray pipe 5 and a first spray pipe 4 are respectively assembled at its inner and outer ports, and further comprising: The sliding sleeve 6 is rotatably supported between the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 5 via the annular groove 3. One end of the sliding sleeve 6 is equipped with a first compensation sleeve 7. A fixing ring 9 is fixed inside the first compensation sleeve 7. The fixing ring 9 is provided with a plurality of first sliding grooves 10 arranged circumferentially. Multiple pivots 12 and multiple blades 11 are provided. Each of the multiple pivots 12 passes through a blade 11 and is slidably connected to a first slide groove 10. The other end of the sliding sleeve 6 is rotatably connected to a second compensation sleeve 8. A drive ring 13 is assembled inside the second compensation sleeve 8. The drive ring 13 is provided with multiple drive ports 14 arranged circumferentially. The end of each pivot 12 extends into the corresponding drive port 14 and can slide along it.

[0023] Specifically, multiple second limiting shafts 42 are uniformly fixed circumferentially on the circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 6. Multiple axially extending second limiting grooves are correspondingly provided on the inner wall of the annular groove 3. Each second limiting shaft 42 is housed in a corresponding second limiting groove and can slide axially to form a sliding connection between the sliding sleeve 6 and the nozzle 2. A telescopic tube 20 is rotatably connected to the end face of the drive ring 13. The other end of the telescopic tube 20 is fixedly connected to the end of the first nozzle 4, used to transmit torque and compensate for axial displacement when the drive ring 13 rotates. Multiple circumferentially distributed second sliding grooves 15 are provided on the outer wall of the first nozzle 4. Each second sliding groove 15 is provided with a sliding guide structure and a gear transmission assembly. The sliding guide structure includes: The toothed plate 17 is slidably disposed in the second groove 15, and one end of it abuts against the end face of the drive ring 13. Multiple first springs 19 are connected between the other end of the toothed plate 17 and the inner wall of the second slide groove 15. The gear transmission assembly is disposed in the second slide groove 15 and is used to transmit the linear motion of the toothed plate 17 to the drive ring 13. It includes a second gear 29, a second bevel gear 27, a first bevel gear 26 and a first gear 21 that mesh and transmit in sequence. The second gear 29 is fixed on the third wheel shaft 28 that meshes with the toothed plate 17. The first gear 21 is fixed on the first wheel shaft 22. The first wheel shaft 22 is slidably sleeved in the second wheel shaft 25 on which the first bevel gear 26 is fixed, and is elastically connected by the second spring 23. The first gear 21 meshes with the first toothed ring 24 fixed on the end face of the drive ring 13.

[0024] The specific implementation method is as follows: During the operation of the centrifuge body 1, when the feed concentration or flow rate increases, a series of chain reactions will occur inside the centrifuge body 1. Specifically, the change in feed will cause the thickness of the solid slag layer to gradually increase. This change will in turn cause the extrusion pressure of the solid slag on the nozzle 2 to continuously increase. During the process of the solid slag flowing from the second nozzle 5 to the first nozzle 4, in order to accurately control the amount of slag discharged, multiple blades 11 are set. During the flow of these solid slags, they will apply lateral pressure to the blades 11. Under the continuous action of the lateral pressure, multiple blades 11 start to move. With the help of the drive ring 13 and the second compensation sleeve 8, the sliding sleeve 6 is pushed to slide smoothly in the annular groove 3. At the same time, the sliding of the sliding sleeve 6 will drive the second limiting shaft 42 to slide directionally along the second limiting groove, thereby ensuring that the entire slag discharge process is carried out stably and orderly. During operation, the drive ring 13 plays a crucial role, simultaneously pushing multiple toothed plates 17 so that each toothed plate 17 slides smoothly within its corresponding multiple second sliding grooves 15. During this process, the drive ring 13 applies pressure to multiple first springs 19, forcing the first springs 19 to undergo elastic deformation. As the toothed plates 17 slide, they utilize the precise linkage between themselves and the second gears 29 to transmit power to the second gears 29, thereby driving the third wheel shaft 28 to rotate. After the third wheel shaft 28 rotates, it transmits power to the second wheel shaft 28 through the precise transmission relationship between the second bevel gear 27 and the first bevel gear 26. 5. The second gear 25 rotates together with the first gear 22, and the second gear 25 then transmits torque to the first gear 21 through the first gear 22, achieving further power transmission. As the drive ring 13 moves closer to the second gear 25, it pushes the first gear 22, causing the first gear 22 to retract inside the second gear 25, while simultaneously compressing the second spring 23, causing the second spring 23 to undergo elastic deformation. During the rotation of the first gear 21, the drive ring 13 rotates due to its meshing with the first gear ring 24. When the drive ring 13 rotates, the multiple drive ports 14 on it will simultaneously... All blades 11 are driven to move synchronously around pivot 12. Since the pivot 12 of each blade 11 is strictly confined within the first groove 10 of the fixed ring 9, the movement of the blades 11 is doubly constrained. On the one hand, they must rotate around the center, and on the other hand, they will produce radial translation. This unique movement mode allows the central aperture formed by the inner edges of all blades 11 to be enlarged synchronously and uniformly, while the remaining parts of the blades 11 overlap or unfold in an orderly manner, ultimately forming a near-perfect circular opening. When the slag layer inside the drum thickens, causing the hydraulic pressure to increase, this pressure will overcome multiple first... The spring force of spring 19 pushes the blade 11 to increase its opening, thereby increasing the amount of slag discharged to relieve internal pressure. Conversely, when the pressure decreases, multiple first springs 19 will push the blade 11 to close its opening by their own elastic restoring force, reducing the amount of slag discharged. This process is like installing an automatic pressure relief valve in each nozzle 2, which can automatically maintain a constant solid slag layer thickness. This automatic adjustment mechanism ensures that the clarity of the separated liquid and the dryness of the discharged slag remain stable. It can automatically respond to changes in the feed, greatly reducing the frequency of manual intervention and parameter adjustment, and improving the operating efficiency and stability of the entire system.

[0025] Specifically, a guide adjustment mechanism is provided inside the port of the first nozzle 4 to synchronously change the angle of multiple guide vanes 33; The guiding adjustment mechanism includes a drive shaft 31 rotatably mounted on a tripod at the 4th port of the first nozzle, and multiple guide vanes 33 arranged in a ring array, each of which is hinged to the drive shaft 31 via a first adapter 32. It also includes a transmission assembly for coupling the oscillating motion of each guide vane 33 and converting it into a linear motion output. The transmission assembly includes a second adapter 34, a movable rod 35, and a third adapter 35, which are sequentially hinged for each guide vane 33. An adapter seat 36 and a linkage sleeve 37 are fixed to the inner side of the third adapter 33 and are slidably sleeved inside the first nozzle 4. All adapter seats 36 are fixed to the inner wall of the linkage sleeve 37. The inner sidewalls of multiple second slide grooves 15 are provided with sliding openings 39. A bridging rod 38 is slidably connected in the sliding opening 39. One end of the bridging rod 38 is connected to the outer sidewall of the linkage sleeve 37, and the other end of the bridging rod 38 is connected to the slide plate. A third bevel gear 40 is fixedly fitted to the end of the drive shaft 31. A second toothed ring 41 that meshes with the third bevel gear 40 is connected to the inner sidewall of the centrifuge body 1. As the solid slag layer continues to thicken and the internal pressure continues to rise, the toothed plate 17... Sliding occurs within the second chute 15. Simultaneously, the toothed plate 17 drives the bridging rod 38 to slide synchronously within the sliding port 39. The bridging rod 38 further pushes the linkage sleeve 37 to slide within the first nozzle 4. This sliding process does not interfere with the rotational motion of the linkage sleeve 37 itself. The linkage sleeve 37 applies tension to one end of the movable rod 35 with the help of the adapter seat 36 and the second adapter frame 34. The other end of the movable rod 35 rotates with the end of the guide vane 33 as the fulcrum through the second adapter frame 34. This series of actions causes multiple guide vanes 33 to unfold, effectively increasing the direct action range of the guide vanes 33, thereby expanding the vortex formation range. As the solid slag layer gradually thins and the internal pressure decreases, the multiple guide vanes 33 reconverge, and their direct action range decreases accordingly, thereby reducing the load borne by the guide vanes 33 and achieving energy saving to a certain extent.

[0026] The specific implementation method is as follows: When the drum is rotating at high speed, its powerful rotational kinetic energy is transmitted to the drive shaft 31 through the first nozzle 4 and the tripod installed in the port of the first nozzle 4. The drive shaft 31 then starts to rotate in a circular motion mode. Then, the drive shaft 31 drives the third bevel gear 40 to roll orderly along the bevel tooth surface of the second gear ring 41. This rolling process, through the tacit cooperation between the precision gears, further drives the drive shaft 31 to accelerate its rotation, forming a more powerful power output. Driven by the high-speed rotation of the drive shaft 31, multiple first adapter frames 32 begin to play their role, driving multiple guide vanes 11 to rotate synchronously. After the guide vanes 11 start to rotate at high speed, they are like powerful agitators, instantly giving the solid slag entering the first nozzle 4 high-speed rotational kinetic energy, thereby forming a centrifugal force field with extremely high intensity. Under the action of this centrifugal force field, the solid particles in the solid slag, due to their lower specific gravity, are dispersed. The solid particles are thrown towards the inner wall of the first nozzle 4, as if pulled by a powerful force, and adhere tightly to the pipe wall. At the same time, a low-pressure air core is magically formed in the central axis area of ​​the first nozzle 4. This air core is like a natural and dynamic channel. With its unique low-pressure characteristics, it forms an invisible barrier, effectively preventing solid particles from intruding into the central flow channel, greatly reducing the probability of blockage. The central air core generated by the vortex is like a highly efficient cleaner, making it difficult for solid particles to stay and accumulate in the first nozzle 4, reducing the occurrence of blockage from the source. It also reduces abnormal wear of the equipment caused by friction of solid particles. This series of ingenious designs and mechanisms significantly improves the continuous operation time of the equipment, avoids the problem of uneven drum load caused by poor slag discharge, effectively avoids the needless waste of energy, and makes the entire equipment operate more efficiently and stably.

[0027] Working principle and usage: When the feed concentration or flow rate increases, the solid slag layer inside the drum thickens, leading to an increase in the hydraulic pressure in the solid slag collection chamber. This pressure serves as a core feedback signal, driving the following chain of actions: Pressure transmission and displacement conversion: The increased pressure acts on the sliding sleeve 6, overcoming the preload of the first spring group 19, and pushes the sliding sleeve 6 to slide along the annular groove 3. The sliding sleeve 6 transmits linear displacement to multiple circumferentially distributed toothed plates 17 through the drive ring 13, realizing the conversion of pressure signal into mechanical displacement. Motion conversion and transmission: the sliding of the toothed plate 17 converts linear motion into rotational motion through the second gear 29, the third wheel shaft 28, the second bevel gear 27, the first bevel gear 26, the second wheel shaft 25, the first wheel shaft 22 and the first gear 21, and finally transmits it back to the drive ring 13, ensuring accurate feedback of the displacement signal; The opening of the slag discharge port is adjusted synchronously. The rotating drive ring 13 drives multiple blades 11 to move around their respective pivots 12 through the drive port 14 on it. Since the pivot 12 is restricted by the first sliding groove 10 of the fixed ring 9, the blades 11 generate radial translation while rotating, so that the diameter of the central spray hole 2 formed by the inner edges of all blades 11 increases synchronously and uniformly, the area of ​​the slag discharge channel increases, and the amount of slag discharged increases accordingly to release the internal pressure. Dynamic balance: when the pressure drops, the restoring force of the first spring group 19 pushes the mechanism to move in the opposite direction, reducing the diameter of the nozzle 2, thus realizing automatic negative feedback adjustment of the slag discharge volume. The entire mechanism is like a mechanical constant pressure valve integrated into each nozzle, ensuring that the thickness of the solid slag layer and the internal pressure are stable within the set range. The core anti-clogging mechanism, the self-generating vortex enhancement system, integrates an active vortex generation system inside the first nozzle 4 to prevent slag discharge blockage: Power extraction and transmission utilize the kinetic energy of the high-speed rotation of the drum to drive the drive shaft 31 to rotate through the first nozzle 4 and the tripod. The third bevel gear 40 meshes with the fixed second gear ring 41 to form a planetary gear speed-increasing mechanism, enabling the drive shaft 31 to obtain a higher speed and providing sufficient power for the generation of a strong swirling flow field. A strong swirling flow field is generated. The high-speed rotating drive shaft 31 drives multiple guide vanes 11 to revolve at high speed, so that the solid slurry entering the nozzle instantly obtains a strong tangential velocity, forming a high-intensity swirling flow field. Under the action of centrifugal force, heavy solid particles are thrown towards the inner wall of the nozzle, achieving preliminary solid-liquid separation. The air core anti-clogging principle is that under the action of centrifugal force, heavy solid particles are thrown towards the inner wall of the nozzle, and a stable low-pressure air core is naturally formed in the central axis area. This air core constitutes a dynamic flow channel without solids, which fundamentally prevents particles from depositing in the nozzle throat and central area, and significantly reduces the risk of clogging. The innovative feature of this system is its adaptive eddy current intensity adjustment mechanism, which automatically adjusts the eddy current intensity based on internal pressure to achieve energy saving and matching with operating conditions. Pressure and eddy current are linked. When the solid slag layer thickens and the pressure increases, the aforementioned toothed plate 17 slides, and the linkage sleeve 37 is axially displaced through the bridging rod 38. The linkage sleeve 37 pulls the movable rod 35 through the adapter seat 36 and the second adapter frame 34, so that the tilt angle of multiple guide vanes 33 increases and they are in an unfolded state. The expanded guide vanes 33 increase the area of ​​action on the fluid and the guiding capacity, thereby expanding and strengthening the range and intensity of the swirling field, ensuring better anti-clogging effect when discharging slag at high concentrations. When the pressure decreases, the guide vanes 33 retract under the drive of the linkage mechanism, reducing the range of action and the load on the drive shaft 31, realizing on-demand energy supply and reducing unnecessary energy consumption.

[0028] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-adapting stable discharge nozzle disc centrifuge comprising a centrifuge body (1), characterized in that, The centrifuge body (1) drum maximum diameter, uniform distribution along the circumference of a plurality of spray holes (2), each of the inner wall of the spray hole (2) is processed with annular groove (3), and in the inner and outer port respectively equipped with second nozzle (5) and first nozzle (4), also includes: The sliding sleeve (6) is rotatably supported between the first nozzle (4) and the second nozzle (5) through the annular groove (3), one end of the sliding sleeve (6) is equipped with a first compensation sleeve (7), the first compensation sleeve (7) is fixedly provided with a fixed ring (9), a plurality of first sliding grooves (10) are arranged on the fixed ring (9) in the circumferential direction; A plurality of pivots (12) and a plurality of blades (11), the plurality of pivots (12) are respectively arranged in one blade (11) and are respectively connected in one first sliding groove (10), the other end of the sliding sleeve (6) is rotatably connected with a second compensation sleeve (8), the second compensation sleeve (8) is equipped with a driving ring (13), a plurality of driving ports (14) are arranged on the driving ring (13) in the circumferential direction, the end of each pivot (12) extends into the corresponding driving port (14) and can slide along it.

2. A self-stabilizing, discharge nozzle disk stack centrifuge according to claim 1, wherein, The circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve (6) is uniformly fixed with a plurality of second limiting shafts (42) in the circumferential direction, a plurality of second limiting grooves extending in the axial direction are arranged on the inner wall of the annular groove (3), each second limiting shaft (42) is arranged in a corresponding second limiting groove and can slide in the axial direction, to form the sliding connection between the sliding sleeve (6) and the spray hole (2).

3. A self-stabilizing discharge nozzle disc centrifuge according to claim 1, wherein, The end surface of the driving ring (13) is rotatably connected with a telescopic tube (20), the other end of the telescopic tube (20) is fixedly connected with the end of the first nozzle (4), for transmitting torque and compensating axial displacement when the driving ring (13) rotates.

4. A self-stabilizing discharge nozzle disc centrifuge according to claim 1, wherein, The outer wall of the first nozzle (4) is provided with a plurality of second sliding grooves (15) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, each second sliding groove (15) is provided with a sliding guide structure and a gear transmission assembly.

5. A self-stabilizing, discharge nozzle plate centrifuge according to claim 4, wherein, The sliding guide structure comprises: A tooth plate (17) is slidably arranged in the second sliding groove (15), one end of the tooth plate (17) abuts against the end surface of the driving ring (13); A plurality of first springs (19) are connected between the other end of the tooth plate (17) and the inner wall of the second sliding groove (15).

6. A self-stabilizing, discharge nozzle plate centrifuge according to claim 5, wherein, The gear transmission assembly is arranged in the second sliding groove (15) and is used for transmitting the linear motion of the tooth plate (17) to the driving ring (13), and comprises a second gear (29), a second bevel gear (27), a first bevel gear (26) and a first gear (21) which are sequentially engaged and transmitted; The second gear (29) is fixed on a third wheel shaft (28) engaged with the toothed plate (17), the first gear (21) is fixed on a first wheel shaft (22) which is slidingly sleeved in a second wheel shaft (25) fixed with the first bevel gear (26) and is elastically connected by a second spring (23), the first gear (21) is engaged with a first tooth ring (24) fixed on the end surface of the driving ring (13).

7. A self-stabilizing, discharge nozzle plate centrifuge according to claim 6, wherein, A guide adjusting mechanism is arranged in the port of the first nozzle (4) for synchronously changing the angles of the plurality of guide vanes (33). The guide adjusting mechanism comprises a driving shaft (31) rotatably arranged on a triangular frame of the port of the first nozzle (4), and a plurality of guide vanes (33) which are arranged in an annular array and are each hingedly connected with the driving shaft (31) through a first adapter frame (32). The transmission assembly is further arranged for coupling the swinging movements of the guide vanes (33) and converting the swinging movements into a linear movement output, the transmission assembly comprises, for each guide vane (33), a second adapter frame (34), a movable rod (35) and a third adapter frame which are hingedly connected in sequence, the inner side of the third adapter frame is fixed with an adapter seat (36), and a linkage sleeve (37) is slidingly sleeved in the first nozzle (4), and all the adapter seats (36) are fixed on the inner wall of the linkage sleeve (37).

8. A self-stabilizing, discharge nozzle disk stack centrifuge according to claim 7, wherein The inner side wall of each of the plurality of second sliding grooves (15) is provided with a sliding port (39), the sliding port (39) is slidingly connected with a bridging rod (38), one end of the bridging rod (38) is rotatably connected in an annular sliding groove formed in the outer side wall of the linkage sleeve (37), and the other end of the bridging rod (38) is connected with the sliding plate.

9. A self-stabilizing, discharge nozzle plate centrifuge according to claim 8, wherein, The end of the driving shaft (31) is fixedly sleeved with a third bevel gear (40), and the inner side wall of the centrifuge body (1) is connected with a second tooth ring (41) engaged with the third bevel gear (40).

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