Powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing forming equipment and method

Abstract

The invention relates to powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing forming equipment and method, and belongs to the technical field of forming equipment. The forming equipment comprises a pressure container with an inlet and an outlet in the bottom, the pressure container is sleeved with a cooling shell, and a cooling liquid cavity is formed between the pressure container and the cooling shell. An outer cylinder and an inner cylinder are arranged in the pressure container, a flow channel cylinder is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the flow channel cylinder and the outer cylinder form a first flow channel cavity, the flow channel cylinder and the inner cylinder form a second flow channel cavity, and a cooling flow channel cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the pressure container; a mounting seat for dividing the inner cylinder into a heating cavity and a backflow cavity is arranged in the inner cylinder, the backflow cavity is communicated with the cooling flow channel cavity, and a first through pipe for communicating the backflow cavity with the second flow channel cavity and a second through pipe for communicating the backflow cavity with the heating cavity are arranged on the mounting seat; a communicating pipe is arranged between the inner cylinder and the runner cylinder, and a mixing blade is arranged in the communicating pipe; a heating suite for containing a blank is arranged on the mounting seat; and a flow aiding assembly for enabling the medium to circularly flow is arranged in the backflow cavity. Therefore, the possibility that a high-temperature medium damages the inner wall of the pressure container can be reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of forming equipment, in particular to a powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing forming equipment and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hot isostatic pressing can realize near-net forming of powder metallurgy blanks, support large-size complex component welding-free integrated manufacturing, avoid mechanical performance short board, and is widely used in technical fields such as aerospace, medical treatment, and ocean engineering which have higher requirements for equipment or workpiece quality.

[0003] The working process of the hot isostatic pressing equipment for producing workpieces is generally as follows: the blank is loaded into a package and sealed, placed in a high-pressure container, and then the pressure medium is introduced and the temperature is raised by program, so that the blank is densified under high temperature and high pressure for a certain time, and then the temperature and pressure are reduced, and finally the workpiece is taken out and the package is removed, and the densification forming is completed.

[0004] During the temperature and pressure reduction operation of the existing hot isostatic pressing equipment, the medium can be cooled by the cooling liquid cavity outside the pressure vessel when passing through the inner side wall of the pressure vessel. The cooled medium has two flow paths, one of which is introduced into the furnace cavity from the top of the furnace cavity to cool the workpiece in the furnace cavity, and the other is introduced into the furnace cavity from the bottom of the furnace cavity to mix with the medium for cooling the workpiece. The mixed medium can be discharged to the inner side wall of the pressure vessel through the channel arranged near the bottom of the furnace cavity, and then pass through the inner side wall of the pressure vessel again, thereby completing the circulation flow of the medium in the pressure vessel.

[0005] In the above-mentioned prior art, when the medium introduced into the furnace cavity from the top of the furnace cavity and the bottom of the furnace cavity is mixed, due to the short mixing time, there is a great possibility of uneven mixing, which leads to uneven temperature distribution of the mixed medium. The high-temperature part of the medium may cause the temperature of the inner side wall of the pressure vessel to rise excessively in a short time when it directly passes through the inner side wall of the pressure vessel, thereby generating a large internal thermal stress, which may cause irreversible damage to the inner side wall of the pressure vessel. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing forming equipment and method, which can reduce the possibility of high-temperature medium damaging the inner wall of the pressure vessel.

[0007] The powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing forming equipment and method of the present application adopts the following technical scheme: The application discloses a powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment, which comprises a pressure container, a cooling shell, an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a flow channel cylinder, a mounting base, a heating sleeve, a flow assisting assembly, a communication pipe and mixing blades, and an inlet and an outlet are formed in the bottom of the pressure container; the cooling shell is sleeved on the outer sidewall of the pressure container and a cooling liquid cavity is formed between the cooling shell and the outer sidewall of the pressure container; the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are arranged in the pressure container, the outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved outside the inner cylinder, and a cooling flow channel cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner sidewall of the pressure container; the flow channel cylinder is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, a first flow channel cavity is formed between the flow channel cylinder and the outer cylinder, a second flow channel cavity is formed between the flow channel cylinder and the inner cylinder, the first flow channel cavity is communicated with the cooling flow channel cavity and is isolated from the second flow channel cavity; the mounting base is arranged in the inner cylinder and divides the inner cylinder into a heating cavity and a reflux cavity, the heating cavity is located above the reflux cavity, the reflux cavity is communicated with the cooling flow channel cavity, the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe are arranged on the mounting base, the first communication pipe is communicated with the reflux cavity and the second flow channel cavity, and the second communication pipe is communicated with the reflux cavity and the heating cavity; the heating sleeve is arranged on the mounting base and is used for containing a blank and heating the blank and a medium; the flow assisting assembly is arranged in the reflux cavity and is used for accelerating circulation of the medium in the pressure container; the communication pipe is arranged between the inner cylinder and the flow channel cylinder and is communicated with the heating cavity and the first flow channel cavity, and the mixing blades are arranged in the communication pipe and are configured to mix the medium flowing into the first flow channel cavity more uniformly.

[0008] Further, the heating sleeve comprises a sleeve and a heating piece, both of which are arranged on the mounting base, the sleeve contains a blank, and the heating piece is used for heating the sleeve and a medium.

[0009] Further, the flow assisting assembly comprises a driving piece and a power fan blade, the driving piece is mounted on the bottom of the pressure container, the power fan blade is arranged in the reflux cavity, and an output shaft of the driving piece penetrates through the bottom surface of the pressure container and extends into the reflux cavity and is connected with the power fan blade.

[0010] Further, the communication pipe is provided with a plurality of communication pipes, and the mixing blades are provided with a plurality of groups of mixing blades, the plurality of communication pipes are uniformly distributed around the cross-sectional circumference of the inner cylinder, and the plurality of groups of mixing blades are respectively inserted into the plurality of communication pipes.

[0011] Further, the mixing blades comprise a plurality of spiral sub-blades, the plurality of spiral sub-blades are sequentially connected in a head-to-tail mode along the axial direction of the communication pipe, and adjacent spiral sub-blades are perpendicularly staggered.

[0012] Further, the mixing blades are slidingly arranged in the communication pipe, one end of the mixing blades towards the outer cylinder is connected with an adjusting rod, and the adjusting rod is threadedly connected with the outer cylinder.

[0013] Further, the pressure container is provided with a baffle, the baffle is vertically arranged in the interval cavity between the pressure container and the outer cylinder, the baffle has a positioning side end and a movable side end, the positioning side end of the baffle is rotatably arranged between the two end faces of the pressure container and abuts against the inner side wall of the pressure container, and the movable side end is movably arranged in the interval cavity between the pressure container and the outer cylinder. The pressure container is provided with a driving mechanism capable of driving the positioning side end to rotate, and when the movable side end abuts against the inner side wall of the pressure container, a sealed cavity is formed between the baffle and the inner wall of the pressure container.

[0014] Further, the baffle is provided with a plurality of baffles, the plurality of baffles are uniformly distributed around the cross-sectional circumference of the outer cylinder, and the driving mechanism drives the plurality of baffles to rotate synchronously.

[0015] Further, the driving mechanism comprises a driving plate, a driving shaft, a driving groove and a driving unit, the driving plate is rotatably arranged at the top of the pressure container, the driving shaft is fixed on the movable side end of the baffle, the driving groove is formed on the bottom surface of the driving plate, a limiting hole extending to the inner side wall of the pressure container is formed on the top plate of the pressure container, the driving shaft passes through the limiting hole and is inserted into the driving groove, and the driving unit is arranged on the pressure container and is used for providing power for the rotation of the driving plate, and the limiting hole is configured to limit the movement of the driving shaft.

[0016] A powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing forming method applied to the powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing forming device.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are: The powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing forming device of the present application can fill the medium into the pressure container through the inlet, the heating sleeve arranged on the mounting seat can heat the blank to be processed and the medium, the flow assisting assembly can realize the circulating flow of the medium in the pressure container during the temperature and pressure reduction operation, the cooling water injected into the cooling liquid cavity can cool the medium flowing through the inner side wall of the pressure container, the cooled medium enters the reflux cavity and then enters the second flow channel cavity and the heating cavity, the low-temperature medium entering the second flow channel cavity can enter the heating cavity from above the heating cavity and cool the formed workpiece, the low-temperature medium directly entering the heating cavity can be mixed with the medium cooled after cooling the workpiece, and finally flows out to the first flow channel cavity through the communication pipe on the heating cavity, and the mixed medium flowing to the first flow channel cavity directly flows to the cooling flow channel cavity under the action of the flow assisting assembly, thereby completing the circulating flow of the medium in the pressure container.

[0018] In this invention, the low-temperature medium flowing into the second flow channel cavity through the first conduit mixes with the original high-temperature medium in the second flow channel cavity, reducing the temperature of the original medium within the second flow channel cavity. The medium in the second flow channel cavity then enters the heating cavity from the top, mixing again with the original medium within the heating cavity. The temperature of the mixed medium is lower than that of the original medium in the heating cavity, thus cooling the workpiece. Furthermore, the low-temperature medium flowing directly into the heating cavity through the second conduit mixes with the medium after the workpiece has been cooled, further reducing the temperature of the medium within the heating cavity. The medium within the heating cavity undergoes more thorough mixing as it passes through the connecting pipe and mixing blades, resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution of the medium finally flowing out of the connecting pipe. This more uniform temperature distribution, coupled with the reduced temperature of the heating cavity medium, makes it less likely to damage the inner wall of the pressure vessel when it comes into direct contact with it.

[0019] The medium flowing to the inner wall of the pressure vessel can pass through the cooling channel cavity again under the action of the flow aid component, and then flow from the return cavity to the second channel cavity and the heating cavity for the next cycle. This achieves gradual cooling of the workpiece. The temperature of the medium in the heating cavity after each cycle is lower than that of the previous cycle, making it less likely for the medium to damage the inner wall of the pressure vessel.

[0020] Furthermore, after the medium in the reflux chamber and the medium in the heating chamber are mixed, when they pass through multiple spiral blades in the connecting pipe, the medium in the connecting pipe can be divided into two parts with each spiral blade, and they are fully mixed during the process of passing through the spiral blades. This makes the medium more uniformly mixed and the temperature distribution more uniform after passing through multiple spiral blades. With a more uniform temperature distribution, it is less likely that some parts of the medium will have a high temperature, which can greatly reduce the possibility of high-temperature medium damaging the inner wall of the pressure vessel.

[0021] Furthermore, in this invention, the adjusting rod can be rotated according to the forming temperature of the blank to be processed, thereby changing the length of the mixing blade in the connecting pipe, which can shorten the time for the blank to complete the processing and production, and improve the production efficiency when the blank forming temperature is low.

[0022] Furthermore, the baffle installed inside the pressure vessel can provide support for the pressure vessel, preventing the invention from deforming due to excessive pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pressure vessel during the vacuuming stage, thus enabling the invention to be used for a long time.

[0023] Meanwhile, during the cooling and depressurization process, when the medium in the first flow channel flows to the cooling flow channel, most of the medium can directly impact the baffles around the outer cylinder, while less medium impacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel. This greatly reduces the possibility of damage to the inner wall of the pressure vessel due to contact with the high-temperature medium that may flow out of the first flow channel, and the baffles provide protection for the pressure vessel.

[0024] In addition, after the blank is sintered and formed, the movable side of the baffle can be driven by the drive unit to abut against the inner wall of the pressure vessel, so that the sealed cavity formed by the baffle, the inner wall of the pressure vessel, the upper pressure cover and the lower pressure cover is filled with medium. When sintering a new workpiece, the amount of medium introduced into the pressure vessel can be reduced, thereby reducing the energy consumption when the external medium supply end introduces the medium into the pressure vessel, and thus reducing the energy consumption of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of a powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing (HIP) forming apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of part B in the middle section; Figure 5 This is a front view of a powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing (HIP) forming apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment in the CC direction when it begins the cooling and depressurization operation. Figure 7 for Figure 5 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment in the CC direction when the cooling and depressurization operation is completed. Figure 8 This is a partial exploded structural diagram of a powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing (HIP) forming device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder in a powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the picture: 100. Pressure vessel; 101. Cooling channel cavity; 110. Upper pressure cover; 111. Inlet pipe; 112. Outlet pipe; 113. Limiting hole; 120. Lower pressure cover; 130. Intermediate cylinder; 140. Baffle; 141. Movable side end; 142. Positioning side end; 151. Drive plate; 152. Drive shaft; 153. Drive unit; 200, Cooling shell; 201, Coolant chamber; 210, Inlet pipe; 220, Outlet pipe; 300, Outer cylinder; 301, Support grid cylinder; 400, Inner cylinder; 410, Heating chamber; 420, Return chamber; 500, Flow channel tube; 510, First flow channel cavity; 520, Second flow channel cavity; 600. Mounting base; 610. First connecting pipe; 620. Second connecting pipe; 710. Connecting pipe; 720. Mixing blade; 800. Heating kit; 810. Sheath; 820. Heating element; 900, Flow aid component; 910, Drive component; 920, Assist fan blade. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0030] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing forming equipment, including a pressure vessel 100, a cooling shell 200, an outer cylinder 300, an inner cylinder 400, and a flow channel cylinder 500.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the pressure vessel 100 can be a structural component composed of an upper pressure cover 110, a lower pressure cover 120, and an intermediate cylinder 130. The upper pressure cover 110 and the lower pressure cover 120 are detachably installed at the upper and lower ends of the intermediate cylinder 130, respectively, and respectively seal the openings at the upper and lower ends of the intermediate cylinder 130, thus forming a sealed container. The lower pressure cover 120 has an inlet and an outlet, located on opposite sides of the central axis of the lower pressure cover 120. The inlet and outlet are respectively provided with an input pipe 111 and an output pipe 112. The ends of the input pipe 111 and the output pipe 112 extending out of the pressure vessel 100 can be connected via pipelines to a medium supply source and a medium recovery source located in the external environment. The medium supply source can be a gas pump capable of supplying chemically inert gases such as nitrogen and argon to the pressure vessel 100. The medium recovery source can be a vacuum pump capable of extracting various media from the pressure vessel 100, and an external gas storage chamber connected to the output end of the vacuum pump.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the cooling shell 200 can be a cylindrical structure. The cooling shell 200 is fitted onto the outer wall of the pressure vessel 100, and both ends of the cooling shell 200 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pressure vessel 100. The cooling shell 200 and the outer wall of the pressure vessel 100 are spaced apart, thus forming a coolant cavity 201 between them. An inlet pipe 210 and an outlet pipe 220 are installed on the cooling shell 200. The inlet pipe 210 can be connected to an external coolant supply, and the outlet pipe 220 can be connected to an external coolant recovery system. The inlet pipe 210 and the outlet pipe 220 can be located at two opposite corners of the axial section of the cooling shell 200.

[0034] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, both the outer cylinder 300 and the inner cylinder 400 are disposed within the pressure vessel 100. The outer cylinder 300 is mounted on the lower pressure cover 120. The outer cylinder 300 and the intermediate cylinder 130 are coaxially spaced apart, forming an annular cooling channel cavity 101 between them. The outer cylinder 300 can be mounted on the lower pressure cover 120 via a supporting grid cylinder 301. Specifically, the supporting grid cylinder 301 can be a cylindrical structure with grid holes on its side. The supporting grid cylinder 301 is fixed to the lower pressure cover 120 and supports the outer cylinder 300 on the lower pressure cover 120, creating a gap between the outer cylinder 300 and the lower pressure cover 120. The inner cavity of the supporting grid cylinder 301 communicates with the gap between the outer cylinder 300 and the lower pressure cover 120, and also communicates with the cooling channel cavity 101. The inner cylinder 400 is coaxially disposed on the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder 300.

[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the flow channel cylinder 500 is coaxially disposed on the inner bottom surface of the outer cylinder 300 and located in the annular cavity between the outer cylinder 300 and the inner cylinder 400, with the flow channel cylinder 500 covering the outer side of the inner cylinder 400. The flow channel cylinder 500 is spaced apart from both the inner cylinder 400 and the outer cylinder 300, and a first flow channel cavity 510 is formed between the flow channel cylinder 500 and the outer cylinder 300, while a second flow channel cavity 520 is formed between the flow channel cylinder 500 and the inner cylinder 400.

[0036] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 9 As shown, the present invention also includes a mounting base 600, a connecting pipe 710, a mixing blade 720, a heating kit 800, and a flow aid assembly 900. The mounting base 600 can be a columnar structure, coaxially disposed within the inner cylinder 400. The mounting base 600 divides the inner cylinder 400 into a heating chamber 410 and a reflux chamber 420. The heating chamber 410 is located above the reflux chamber 420, which penetrates the bottom of the outer cylinder 300 and coaxially communicates with the supporting grid cylinder 301. The mounting base 600 is provided with a first connecting pipe 610 and a second connecting pipe 620. The first connecting pipe 610 connects the reflux chamber 420 and the second flow channel cavity 520, and the second connecting pipe 620 connects the reflux chamber 420 and the heating chamber 410.

[0037] In this invention, the connecting pipe 710 connects the inner cylinder 400 and the flow channel cylinder 500, connecting the heating chamber 410 and the first flow channel cavity 510. The mixing blade 720 can be a long spiral blade, and the mixing blade 720 is coaxially arranged inside the connecting pipe 710. The medium entering the connecting pipe 710 can be fully mixed during its passage through the mixing blade 720, resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution of the medium flowing out of the connecting pipe 710.

[0038] The heating kit 800 is mounted on the mounting base 600. Specifically, the heating kit 800 includes a sleeve 810 and a heating element 820. Both the sleeve 810 and the heating element 820 are located within the heating chamber 410 on the mounting base 600. The sleeve 810 can be a cylindrical metal piece, containing a blank, and can be mounted on the mounting base 600 using a mechanical clamp. The heating element 820 can be a resistance wire, fixed to the mounting base 600 and connected to an external power source. The resistance wire is spirally wound around the sleeve 810 on the mounting base 600. When the resistance wire is energized, it heats the sleeve 810 and also heats the medium introduced into the pressure vessel 100, thus maintaining a high temperature inside the pressure vessel 100.

[0039] The flow aid component 900 is disposed in the return cavity 420. The flow aid component 900 is a combined structure that can push the medium in the cooling channel cavity 101 to flow into the return cavity 420, and push the medium in the return cavity 420 to flow through the first pipe 610 and the second pipe 620 to flow into the second channel cavity 520 and the heating cavity 410, thereby realizing the circulation of the medium in the pressure vessel 100.

[0040] It should be noted that in this invention, the tops of the outer cylinder 300, inner cylinder 400, and flow channel cylinder 500 are all provided with openings, and the diameters of the top openings of the inner cylinder 400, flow channel cylinder 500, and outer cylinder 300 increase sequentially. Furthermore, the upper pressure cap 110 in this invention is fixed with a sealing block that can pass through the opening at the top of the outer cylinder 300 and be inserted into the top opening of the flow channel cylinder 500. The sealing block can be a cylindrical structure adapted to the top opening of the flow channel cylinder 500, capable of sealing the top opening of the flow channel cylinder 500 and preventing the medium inside the flow channel cylinder 500 from flowing out through its top opening.

[0041] The operating principle of this invention is as follows: First, open the upper pressure cover 110 of the present invention, install the heating kit 800 containing the blank to be processed on the mounting seat 600 in the inner cylinder 400, and then fix the upper pressure cover 110 back to the top of the intermediate cylinder 130. The sealing block on the upper pressure cover 110 then blocks the top opening of the flow channel cylinder 500. Then, the pressure vessel 100 is evacuated to a vacuum using an external vacuum pump. After the pressure vessel 100 is evacuated, the outlet is closed, and argon gas is introduced into the pressure vessel 100 through the inlet using a gas supply pump. While introducing argon gas, the resistance wire is energized to raise the temperature of the argon gas in the sheath 810 and the pressure vessel 100. Argon gas is continuously introduced and heated for a period of time. When the sintering temperature and pressure of the blank in the sheath 810 are reached, the introduction of argon gas into the pressure vessel 100 is stopped, and the sheath 810 in the pressure vessel 100 is kept warm and pressure-maintained for an appropriate time. Afterwards, the pressure vessel 100 is cooled and depressurized, and argon gas is extracted from the outlet of the pressure vessel 100 to the external gas storage chamber by a vacuum pump. Then, the upper pressure cover 110 is opened, and the sleeve 810 is removed from the pressure vessel 100 using external tools. Finally, the sintered blank is removed from the sleeve 810, completing the production of hot isostatic pressing products.

[0042] During the cooling and depressurization operation, the present invention can continuously supply cooling water from the inlet pipe 210 to the cooling water chamber 201 through the coolant supply end, and at the same time extract the cooling water in the cooling water chamber 201 through the outlet pipe 220. With the continuous input and extraction of cooling water, the medium passing through the cooling flow channel chamber 101 is gradually cooled down. During this period, under the action of the flow aid component 900, the medium in the cooling channel cavity 101 can pass through the supporting grid cylinder 301 and enter the return cavity 420. The temperature of the medium entering the return cavity 420 is lower than the temperature of the medium in the heating cavity 410. The lower-temperature medium enters the second channel cavity 520 and the heating cavity 410 through the first pipe 610 and the second pipe 620 respectively, and can then mix with the original medium in the second channel cavity 520 and the heating cavity 410. The temperature of the mixed medium is lower than the temperature of the medium in the corresponding area before mixing. The mixing medium in the second flow channel cavity 520 can enter the heating cavity 410 through the top opening of the inner cylinder 400, thereby cooling the workpiece. The cooled medium mixes again with the mixing medium in the heating cavity 410, and finally enters the first flow channel cavity 510 through the connecting pipe 710 and the mixing blades 720, completing one circulation of the medium in the pressure vessel 100. After that, the medium entering the first flow channel cavity 510 can re-enter the cooling flow channel cavity 101 to start the next circulation. The medium flowing from the heating cavity 410 to the first flow channel cavity 510 can be fully mixed when passing through the mixing blades 720, resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution. The more uniform and lower-temperature medium is less likely to damage the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100 when it comes into direct contact with it. Furthermore, the temperature of the medium is lower than the temperature of the previous circulation, making it even less likely to damage the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100.

[0043] When the temperature of the medium inside the pressure vessel 100 drops to a suitable temperature, the pressure vessel 100 is pumped back to normal pressure by an external air pump, thus realizing the cooling and depressurization operation of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this invention, temperature probes and pressure probes capable of withstanding high temperature and high pressure can be installed inside the pressure vessel 100 to detect the temperature and pressure inside the pressure vessel 100 in real time, and to perform heat preservation and pressure maintenance operations and cooling and pressure reduction operations at appropriate times.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the flow aid assembly 900 includes a drive member 910 and an assist fan blade 920. The drive member 910 is installed at the bottom of the pressure vessel 100, and the assist fan blade 920 is disposed in the return cavity 420. The output shaft of the drive member 910 passes through the bottom surface of the pressure vessel 100 and extends into the return cavity 420 to connect with the assist fan blade 920.

[0046] Specifically, the drive unit 910 can be a power motor, which is installed at the bottom of the pressure vessel 100, and its output shaft passes through the lower pressure cover 120 of the pressure vessel 100 and extends into the return chamber 420. The auxiliary fan blade 920 is mounted on the output shaft of the power motor.

[0047] In this embodiment, the driving component 910 can drive the auxiliary fan blade 920 to rotate, thereby accelerating the flow of the medium in the pressure vessel 100 and realizing the circulation of the medium in the pressure vessel 100, thereby accelerating the cooling speed of the medium and the workpiece when the present invention performs cooling and depressurization operations.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, multiple connecting pipes 710 are provided, and the multiple connecting pipes 710 are evenly distributed around the cross-sectional circumference of the inner cylinder 400. Multiple sets of mixing blades 720 are provided, and the multiple sets of mixing blades 720 are respectively inserted into the multiple connecting pipes 710.

[0049] The arrangement of multiple connecting pipes 710 not only improves the mixing efficiency of the medium, but also makes the medium mix more uniform, thereby making the temperature distribution of the mixed medium more uniform and avoiding the risk of rapid cooling of the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100 due to uneven temperature of the medium in contact with it.

[0050] In another embodiment, the mixing blade 720 includes a plurality of helical sub-blades, which are connected end-to-end along the axial direction of the connecting pipe 710, with the connecting ends of adjacent helical sub-blades being radially perpendicular and staggered. The outer edges of the plurality of helical sub-blades are in contact with the inner wall of the connecting pipe 710.

[0051] In this embodiment, the mixing blade 720 is slidably disposed inside the connecting pipe 710. An adjusting screw is connected to one of the spiral blades near the outer cylinder 300 in the mixing blade 720. The adjusting screw is coaxially disposed with the connecting pipe 710, and the end of the adjusting screw away from the spiral blade is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder 300.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the medium passes through the multiple spiral blades within the connecting pipe 710, the medium is divided into two parts each time it passes through a spiral blade. For example, when the connecting pipe 710 has n spiral sub-blades, the medium is divided into two parts when passing through the first spiral sub-blade, into four parts when passing through the second spiral sub-blade, and so on until it is divided into... Therefore, the medium can be fully mixed when passing through the connecting pipe 710, resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution of the medium.

[0053] In addition, in this embodiment, the length of the mixing blades 720 within the connecting tube 710 can be automatically adjusted according to the molding temperature of the blank to be processed, i.e., the sintering temperature of the blank. Specifically, before each sintering of the blank, the adjusting screw is turned according to the required molding temperature of the blank. Turning the adjusting screw adjusts the length of the mixing blades 720 within the connecting tube 710, i.e., adjusts the number of spiral blades within the connecting tube 710. The higher the required molding temperature of the blank, the longer the length of the mixing blades 720 within the connecting tube 710, and vice versa.

[0054] When the forming temperature of the billet is high, the length of the mixing blade 720 is longer. When the medium passes through the longer mixing blade 720, there are more spiral blades that can pass through, which makes the medium pass through the connecting pipe 710 at a slower speed, resulting in a better mixing effect. The cooling water in the cooling chamber 201 has a better cooling effect on the medium, which in turn makes the medium temperature in the pressure vessel 100 lower. The lower temperature medium is less likely to damage the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100.

[0055] When the forming temperature of the billet is low, the temperature of the medium inside the pressure vessel 100 is also low. The medium at a lower temperature is unlikely to damage the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100. Therefore, as long as the cooling liquid chamber 201 can cool the medium inside the pressure vessel 100 and ensure the circulation of the medium inside the pressure vessel 100, it is not necessary to reduce the flow rate of the medium to achieve more thorough cooling. This can shorten the time required for cooling and depressurization when the forming temperature of the billet is low, and can increase the speed of processing the billet into finished products.

[0056] Of course, the length of the hybrid blade 720 extending into the connecting pipe 710 in this invention needs to be determined according to the actual situation.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, multiple first pipes 610 and multiple second pipes 620 are provided, and the multiple first pipes 610 and multiple second pipes 620 are evenly staggered around the cross-sectional circumference of the mounting base 600.

[0058] The multiple connections of the first conduit 610 can increase the amount of low-temperature medium flowing from the reflux chamber 420 to the heating chamber 410, thereby accelerating the mixing of high and low temperature media and increasing the cooling speed of the present invention. Furthermore, the multiple connections of the second conduit 620 can further accelerate the mixing of high and low temperature media, further increasing the cooling speed of the present invention.

[0059] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, a baffle 140 is provided inside the pressure vessel 100, and the length direction of the baffle 140 is parallel to the axial direction of the pressure vessel 100. The baffle 140 is vertically disposed in the cooling channel cavity 101. The two sides of the baffle 140 are a positioning side end 142 and a movable side end 141, respectively. Both ends of the positioning side end 142 of the baffle 140 are fixed with a rotating shaft. The positioning side end 142 of the baffle 140 is rotatably disposed between the upper and lower end faces of the pressure vessel 100 through the rotating shaft and abuts against the inner side wall of the pressure vessel 100. The movable side end 141 of the baffle 140 is movably disposed in the cooling channel cavity 101. In this embodiment, multiple baffles 140 can be provided, and the multiple baffles 140 are evenly distributed around the cross-sectional circumference of the outer cylinder 300.

[0060] The pressure vessel 100 is equipped with a drive mechanism that can drive the positioning end 142 to rotate and cause the movable end 141 to abut against the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100. The movable end 141 abutting against the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100 can form a sealed cavity between the baffle 140 and the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100. The drive mechanism can drive multiple baffles 140 arranged around the outer side of the outer cylinder 300 to rotate synchronously.

[0061] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a driving plate 151, a driving shaft 152, a driving groove, and a driving unit 153. The driving plate 151 can be a circular plate adapted to the upper pressure cover 110 of the pressure vessel 100, and is rotatably mounted on the top of the pressure vessel 100, i.e., rotatably mounted on the top of the upper pressure cover 110. The driving shaft 152 can be a cylindrical rod axially parallel to the pressure vessel 100, and is fixed to the top of the movable side end 141 of the baffle 140. The top plate of the pressure vessel 100, i.e., the upper pressure cover 110, has limiting holes 113 extending to the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100. Multiple limiting holes 113 are provided, each corresponding to a movable side end 141 of a plurality of baffles 140. Multiple driving grooves are provided on the bottom surface of the driving plate 151, and each driving groove communicates with a plurality of limiting holes 113. The end of the drive shaft 152 away from the movable side 141 passes through the corresponding limiting hole 113 and is inserted into the drive groove. The drive unit 153 may include a drive motor, a gear, and a rack. The drive motor is mounted on one side of the upper cover 110, the gear is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor, and the rack is an arc-shaped rack fixed to the side end face of the drive plate 151. The gear meshes with the rack.

[0062] When the drive motor is running, it can drive the rack to move through the gears, and the rack drives the drive plate 151 to rotate. When the drive plate 151 rotates, the drive groove on the drive plate 151 can push the drive shaft 152 inserted therein to move. Due to the limitation of the limiting hole 113, when the drive groove pushes the drive shaft 152 to move, it can only move along the limiting hole 113.

[0063] In this embodiment, one end of the limiting hole 113 extends to the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100. When the drive groove pushes the drive shaft 152 against the end of the limiting hole 113 near the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100, the movable side end 141 of the baffle 140 corresponding to the drive shaft 152 just abuts against the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100, thereby causing both ends of the baffle 140 to abut against the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100, so that a sealed cavity can be formed between the baffle 140, the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100, the upper pressure cover 110 and the lower pressure cover 120. Since the drive unit 153 drives the drive plate 151 to rotate, the drive plate 151 can simultaneously drive multiple drive shafts 152 inserted into the drive slots to move when it rotates, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of multiple baffles 140 in the pressure vessel 100. When the movable side ends 141 of multiple baffles 140 are all against the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100, multiple sealed cavities can be formed inside the pressure vessel 100.

[0064] In this embodiment, the baffle 140 disposed between the upper pressure cover 110 and the lower pressure cover 120 of the pressure vessel 100 can provide support for the pressure vessel 100, thereby preventing the pressure vessel 100 from deforming due to the large pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pressure vessel 100 during the vacuuming stage, and ensuring the long-term use of the present invention. In this embodiment, during the cooling and depressurization operation, the driving unit 153 controls the movable end 141 of the baffle 140 to move away from the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100. When the high-temperature medium in the first flow channel cavity 510 flows towards the cooling flow channel cavity 101, most of the medium can directly impact the baffle 140 around the outer cylinder 300, while less medium impacts the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100. This greatly reduces the possibility of damage to the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100 due to contact with the high-temperature medium, and the baffle 140 provides protection for the pressure vessel 100.

[0065] Furthermore, when the temperature and pressure of the medium inside the pressure vessel 100 drop to a suitable level, the driving unit 153 drives the movable side end 141 of the baffle 140 to abut against the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100. At this time, the sealed cavity formed by the baffle 140, the inner wall of the pressure vessel 100, the upper pressure cover 110, and the lower pressure cover 120 is filled with medium. Afterwards, when the sintered sleeve 810 is removed from the pressure vessel 100 and a new workpiece is sintered again, the amount of medium introduced into the pressure vessel 100 can be reduced, thereby reducing the energy consumption when the external medium supply end introduces the medium into the pressure vessel 100, and thus reducing the energy consumption of the present invention.

[0066] Furthermore, the lower pressure cover 120 is provided with multiple limiting grooves, which are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the pressure vessel 100. Each limiting groove corresponds to a limiting hole 113 on the upper pressure cover 110, and the corresponding limiting grooves and limiting holes 113 are interconnected. A drive shaft 152 is also fixed to the bottom end of the movable side end 141 of the baffle 140, and the drive shafts 152 at the bottom ends of the multiple baffles 140 are respectively inserted into the multiple limiting grooves. When the baffle 140 rotates, the drive shaft 152 on the movable side end 141 of the baffle 140 can move within the corresponding limiting groove or limiting hole 113.

[0067] A limiting groove is provided on the lower pressure cover 120 to make the baffle 140 more stable when rotating.

[0068] A powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing method is applied to the aforementioned powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing forming equipment, characterized in that, include: A pressure vessel, wherein the pressure vessel has an inlet and an outlet at its bottom; A cooling shell is fitted onto the outer wall of the pressure vessel, and a coolant cavity is formed between the cooling shell and the outer wall of the pressure vessel. Both the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are disposed inside the pressure vessel. The outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder, and a cooling flow channel cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner wall of the pressure vessel. A flow channel tube is disposed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The flow channel tube forms a first flow channel cavity with the outer cylinder and a second flow channel cavity with the inner cylinder. The first flow channel cavity communicates with the cooling flow channel cavity and is isolated from the second flow channel cavity. A mounting base is provided in the inner cylinder and divides the inner cylinder into a heating chamber and a reflux chamber. The heating chamber is located above the reflux chamber and the reflux chamber communicates with the cooling channel chamber. The mounting base is provided with a first through pipe and a second through pipe. The first through pipe connects the reflux chamber and the second channel chamber, and the second through pipe connects the reflux chamber and the heating chamber. A heating kit, mounted on the mounting base, is used to hold the billet and heat the billet and the medium; A flow aid assembly is disposed within the reflux chamber to enable the medium to circulate within the pressure vessel. A connecting pipe and a mixing blade are provided. The connecting pipe is disposed between the inner cylinder and the flow channel cylinder and connects the heating chamber and the first flow channel cavity. The mixing blade is disposed inside the connecting pipe and is configured to mix the medium flowing into the first flow channel cavity evenly.

2. The powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating kit includes a sleeve and a heating element, both of which are mounted on the mounting base. The sleeve contains a blank, and the heating element is used to heat the sleeve and the medium.

3. The powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow aid assembly includes a drive unit and an assist fan blade. The drive unit is installed at the bottom of the pressure vessel, and the assist fan blade is disposed in the reflux chamber. The output shaft of the drive unit passes through the bottom surface of the pressure vessel and extends into the reflux chamber to connect with the assist fan blade.

4. The powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting pipe is provided with multiple pipes, and the mixing blades are provided with multiple sets. The multiple connecting pipes are evenly distributed around the cross-sectional circumference of the inner cylinder, and the multiple sets of mixing blades are respectively inserted into the multiple connecting pipes.

5. The powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hybrid blade includes multiple helical sub-blades, which are connected end to end along the axial direction of the connecting pipe, and adjacent helical sub-blades are arranged perpendicularly and alternately.

6. The powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing blade is slidably disposed inside the connecting pipe, and an adjusting rod is connected to one end of the mixing blade facing the outer cylinder, the adjusting rod being threadedly connected to the outer cylinder.

7. The powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure vessel is provided with a baffle, which is vertically arranged in the cooling channel cavity. The baffle has a positioning side end and a movable side end. The positioning side end of the baffle is rotatably arranged between the two end faces of the pressure vessel and abuts against the inner side wall of the pressure vessel. The movable side end is movably arranged in the cooling channel cavity. The pressure vessel is equipped with a drive mechanism that can drive the positioning end to rotate. When the movable end abuts against the inner wall of the pressure vessel, a sealed cavity is formed between the baffle and the inner wall of the pressure vessel.

8. The powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The baffle is provided in multiple pieces, which are evenly distributed around the cross-sectional circumference of the outer cylinder, and the driving mechanism drives the multiple baffles to rotate synchronously.

9. The powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a driving plate, a driving shaft, a driving groove, and a driving unit. The driving plate is rotatably mounted on the top of the pressure vessel. The driving shaft is fixed on the movable side end of the baffle. The driving groove is formed on the bottom surface of the driving plate. A limiting hole extending to the inner wall of the pressure vessel is formed on the top plate of the pressure vessel. The driving shaft passes through the limiting hole and is inserted into the driving groove. The driving unit is mounted on the pressure vessel and is used to provide power for the rotation of the driving plate. The limiting hole is configured to restrict the movement of the driving shaft.

10. A powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing method, characterized in that: It is applied to the powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing equipment as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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