Vortex tube with controllable flow and temperature

Abstract

The invention discloses a vortex tube with adjustable flow and temperature. The vortex tube comprises a cold end exhaust pipe, an air inlet pipeline, a circulation pipeline, a hot end exhaust pipe, an air inlet adjusting mechanism, a pipeline stroke adjusting mechanism and a flow adjusting mechanism. The air inlet adjusting mechanism adjusts the air inlet flow and state through a rotatable blocking guide vane and a transmission connecting rod mechanism. The pipeline stroke adjusting mechanism adjusts the effective length of the circulation pipeline through a telescopic pipeline, a locking piece and a positioning rod. The flow adjusting mechanism changes the distribution proportion of the cold air flow and the hot air flow through an axially-adjustable hot end exhaust pipe conical head. The three mechanisms can act independently or cooperatively, decoupling and fine regulation and control of outlet gas temperature and refrigeration / heating power are achieved, surge or blockage is effectively prevented through linkage control, and the stable and efficient working range of the vortex tube is widened.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vortex tube devices, and particularly relates to a vortex tube with adjustable flow and temperature. BACKGROUND

[0002] A vortex tube is a device for energy separation based on compressed gas, and its core principle is that high-pressure gas enters the tube in a tangential direction and is separated into cold and hot gas streams through vortex motion. This technology has been applied in some fields such as local cooling and material processing due to its characteristics of no moving parts, simple structure and convenient maintenance.

[0003] However, the existing vortex tube technology still has obvious defects. The primary problem is that its refrigeration capacity and temperature drop range are limited, and it is severely dependent on a stable and high-pressure gas source, resulting in high operating costs and generating a large amount of noise. There is a direct contradiction between the refrigeration capacity of the vortex tube and the temperature difference that can be achieved, which fundamentally limits its performance. The flow of the cold gas stream usually only accounts for a very small part of the total gas intake, and although the maximum temperature drop can be obtained at this time, the actual refrigeration capacity is low. If the refrigeration capacity is to be increased, the proportion of the cold gas stream must be increased, but this will directly lead to a sharp rise in the cold end temperature, and the temperature drop effect will be greatly discounted. Therefore, it cannot provide large refrigeration capacity while maintaining a significant temperature difference. This inherent performance compromise makes it difficult to meet large-scale or high-load refrigeration requirements. In addition, its performance is sensitive to geometric structure and gas intake parameters, and there is a lack of unified theoretical guidance for design optimization. These problems greatly restrict its large-scale application in more extensive industrial fields.

[0004] Therefore, how to realize the controllable adjustment of the flow and temperature of the vortex tube while ensuring its high performance is a core problem affecting the further development and application of the technology. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a vortex tube with adjustable flow and temperature, which solves the problem that the flow and temperature of the vortex tube are bound in the prior art, and it is difficult to provide large refrigeration capacity while maintaining a significant temperature difference and to be applied on a large scale.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The application discloses a flow and temperature adjustable vortex tube, which comprises a cold end exhaust pipe, an air inlet pipe, a flow pipe and a hot end exhaust pipe, and further comprises: an air inlet adjusting mechanism arranged at an inlet section of the air inlet pipe and used for adjusting air flow at the air inlet pipe; a pipe stroke adjusting mechanism comprising a telescopic pipe and arranged on a pipe section of the flow pipe and used for adjusting effective stroke of gas at the flow pipe; and a flow adjusting mechanism connected with the hot end exhaust pipe and used for adjusting gas flow proportion of the gas flowing into the hot end exhaust pipe and the cold end exhaust pipe from the flow pipe respectively.

[0008] Through the above arrangement, the air inlet adjusting mechanism can independently control the flow and tangential velocity of inlet gas, so as to provide an optimized initial working condition for the vortex tube; the pipe stroke adjusting mechanism directly controls the duration of vortex energy exchange process by changing the effective length of the flow channel, thereby mainly affecting the final temperature of cold and hot end gas; and the flow adjusting mechanism dynamically distributes the flow proportion of cold and hot gas streams by changing the geometric resistance of the hot end inlet. The combination of the three mechanisms can decouple and finely adjust the temperature and total refrigeration / heating power of outlet gas.

[0009] Further, the air inlet adjusting mechanism comprises: at least one blocking vane rotatably arranged in the air inlet pipe; a vane driving rod fixedly connected with the blocking vane; a transmission ring rotatably sleeved on the periphery of the air inlet pipe and coaxial with the air inlet pipe; and a transmission connecting rod mechanism connected between the vane driving rod and the transmission ring, wherein the transmission ring drives the transmission connecting rod mechanism to move to drive the vane driving rod to rotate, so as to adjust the air flow at the air inlet pipe.

[0010] Through the above arrangement, the through flow area of the blocking vane to the inlet gas flow can be changed by driving the blocking vane to rotate.

[0011] Further, a support is arranged in the air inlet pipe, and the at least one blocking vane is rotatably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the support through a rotating shaft; the vane driving rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the blocking vane away from the rotating shaft, and the vane driving rod drives the rotating shaft and the blocking vane to rotate; a through hole is formed in the air inlet pipe, the vane driving rod passes through the through hole, and one end of the vane driving rod located outside the air inlet pipe is connected with the transmission connecting rod mechanism.

[0012] Through the above arrangement, the support provides a stable rotating fulcrum for the blocking vane, so that the vane driving rod can accurately control the opening angle of the blocking vane, thereby realizing uniform adjustment of the air flow and reducing air flow disturbance, and improving the stability of the inlet state.

[0013] Further, the transmission linkage mechanism comprises a first linkage and a second linkage; one end of the guide vane driving rod located outside the air inlet pipeline is fixedly connected with the first linkage; the first linkage is movably connected with the second linkage; one end of the second linkage away from the first linkage is movably connected with the transmission ring.

[0014] Through the above arrangement, the transmission linkage mechanism composed of the first linkage and the second linkage can convert the rotary motion of the transmission ring into the rotation of the guide vane driving rod, so as to realize the linkage adjustment of the blocking guide vane, which is simple and reliable in structure, high in transmission efficiency and convenient for automatic control.

[0015] Further, the transmission linkage mechanism comprises a first linkage and a second linkage; one end of the guide vane driving rod located outside the air inlet pipeline is fixedly connected with the first linkage; the first linkage is movably connected with the second linkage; one end of the second linkage away from the first linkage is movably connected with the transmission ring.

[0016] Through the above arrangement, the sliding fit of the push rod in the sliding groove can make the rotation of the transmission ring be more stably transmitted to the third linkage, so as to finally realize the linkage adjustment of the blocking guide vane.

[0017] Further, the pipeline stroke adjustment mechanism further comprises two opposite adjustment flanges, a locking member and a positioning rod; the two ends of the telescopic pipeline and the flow-through pipeline are connected through the adjustment flanges, a plurality of positioning rods are connected between the two adjustment flanges, the two adjustment flanges are movable on the positioning rods, and the locking member is used for fixing the adjustment flanges and the positioning rods.

[0018] Through the above arrangement, the combination of the adjustment flanges, the positioning rods and the locking member realizes the stepless adjustment and quick locking of the length of the telescopic pipeline, so as to improve the adjustment accuracy and structural stability.

[0019] Further, the flow regulating mechanism comprises a gas collecting chamber, a positioning ring, a locking ring and a connecting member; one end of the flow-through pipeline away from the cold end exhaust pipe is communicated with the gas collecting chamber; the gas collecting chamber is provided with a sliding opening at an end away from the flow-through pipeline; the hot end exhaust pipe extends into the gas collecting chamber from the sliding opening; the hot end exhaust pipe is provided with a conical head at an end extending into the gas collecting chamber; the conical head extends to the connection between the flow-through pipeline and the gas collecting chamber; there is a gap between the conical head and the connection; a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the hot end exhaust pipe inside the gas collecting chamber; the positioning ring and the locking ring are connected to the gas collecting chamber from an end of the gas collecting chamber away from the cold end exhaust pipe in sequence; the positioning ring is used for positioning the locking ring; and one end of the hot end exhaust pipe located outside the gas collecting chamber is connected with the locking ring through the connecting member.

[0020] Through the above setting, the adjustable design of the taper head and the gap between the inlet of the gas collecting chamber makes the flow resistance of the hot end controllable in real time, and then the cold and hot gas flow ratio is accurately adjusted; the cooperation structure of the positioning ring and the locking ring ensures the stability and sealing of the axial movement of the hot end exhaust pipe, and improves the controllability and reliability of the adjustment.

[0021] Further, the flow-through pipe is connected to the side wall of the inlet pipe and communicates with the inside of the inlet pipe, and the cold end exhaust pipe extends into the inside of the inlet pipe and is connected to the side wall of the inlet pipe.

[0022] Through the above setting, the flow-through pipe and the cold end exhaust pipe both communicate with the side wall of the inlet pipe, forming a coherent vortex flow channel, which is conducive to the formation of stable vortex flow before the gas enters the flow-through pipe, and improves the energy separation efficiency.

[0023] Further, the caliber of the cold end exhaust pipe gradually increases in the direction away from the flow-through pipe.

[0024] Through the above setting, the gradually expanding structure of the cold end exhaust pipe plays a role of diffuser, which helps to convert the kinetic energy of the cold gas flow into pressure energy, reduces the flow loss, and improves the cold gas output efficiency.

[0025] Further, the exhaust end of the cold end exhaust pipe is provided with a cold gas outlet flange, and the exhaust pipe of the hot end exhaust pipe is provided with a hot gas outlet flange.

[0026] Through the above setting, the flange connection structure facilitates the quick docking and dismounting of the vortex tube and the external pipeline system, and improves the modularization degree and engineering applicability of the equipment.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The independent and coordinated regulation of flow and temperature is realized, and the performance bottleneck of the traditional vortex tube is broken. The traditional vortex tube can only be roughly adjusted by a single valve, resulting in mutual restriction of refrigerating capacity and temperature drop. The present application adds an inlet adjusting mechanism, a pipe stroke adjusting mechanism and a flow adjusting mechanism to independently control the inlet parameters, the gas stroke and the hot end and cold end gas flow. The device can maintain a large refrigerating capacity while obtaining an ideal temperature drop, or flexibly adjust the output flow when a specific temperature difference is required, fundamentally solving the problems of fixed performance parameters and rough adjustment of the traditional vortex tube, and widening its efficient working interval and application scenarios.

[0029] 2. The actions of each regulating mechanism can alter the flow field and pressure distribution within the pipe, posing a risk of surge or blockage. The intake regulating mechanism of this invention can compensate for changes in pipe stroke and hot-end gap. When increasing the stroke leads to increased pressure resistance, the guide vanes automatically widen to maintain flow and prevent surge; when widening the hot-end gap leads to decreased pressure resistance, the guide vanes automatically close to prevent blockage. This proactive, interconnected control strategy enables the vortex tube to operate safely, efficiently, and stably over a wider range of flow and temperature regulation, improving the reliability and practicality of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vortex tube structure in Embodiment 1 of this scheme;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the air intake pipe in Embodiment 1 of this solution;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission linkage mechanism in Embodiment 1 of this scheme;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of vortex tube operation;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission linkage mechanism in Embodiment 2 of this scheme.

[0035] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include:

[0036] 1. Cold end exhaust pipe; 2. Intake pipe; 3. Flow pipe; 4. Hot end exhaust pipe; 5. Cold air outlet flange; 6. Hot air outlet flange; 7. Guide vane; 8. Support component; 9. Shaft; 10. Guide vane drive rod; 11. Connecting rod No. 1; 12. Connecting rod No. 2; 13. Transmission ring; 14. Motor; 19. Rack; 20. Gear; 21. Adjusting flange; 22. Telescopic pipe; 23. Positioning rod; 24. Locking component; 25. Air collection chamber; 26. Sliding port; 27. Conical head; 28. Exhaust hole; 29. ​​External thread; 30. Positioning ring; 31. Locking ring; 32. Connecting component; 33. Connecting rod No. 3; 34. Toggle lever; 35. Sliding groove. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be described in detail through specific embodiments:

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] A vortex tube with adjustable flow rate and temperature, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a cold-end exhaust pipe 1, an intake pipe 2, a flow pipe 3, a hot-end exhaust pipe 4, and three regulating mechanisms: an intake regulating mechanism, a pipe stroke regulating mechanism, and a flow regulating mechanism.

[0040] The inlet pipe 2 is designed as a volute structure, with its flow passage surrounding and contracting for tangential introduction of gas. The flow pipe 3 is welded on the side wall of the inlet pipe 2 and communicates with the inside of the inlet pipe 2. The cold-end exhaust pipe 1 extends into the inside of the inlet pipe 2 and is also welded on the side wall of the inlet pipe 2, with its inlet facing the vortex center. The cold-end exhaust pipe 1, the flow pipe 3 and the hot-end exhaust pipe 4 are coaxially arranged to ensure smooth flow path. The exhaust end of the cold-end exhaust pipe 1 is provided with a cold-gas outlet flange 5, and the exhaust end of the hot-end exhaust pipe 4 is provided with a hot-gas outlet flange 6, facilitating connection with external systems. The pipe diameter of the cold-end exhaust pipe 1 is designed to gradually increase in the direction away from the flow pipe 3, forming a gradually expanding section, which plays a role of diffuser, helping to restore the pressure of cold gas flow and reduce kinetic energy loss.

[0041] The specific structure and working mode of the inlet regulating mechanism are as follows:

[0042] As shown in Figures 1-3 , the inlet regulating mechanism is arranged at the inlet section of the inlet pipe 2. It includes a set of transmission connecting rod mechanism and at least one blocking vane 7, which is set as five blocking vanes 7 in this embodiment. A support 8 is arranged in the center of the inside of the inlet pipe 2, and the plurality of blocking vanes 7 are uniformly connected to the outer periphery of the support 8 through respective rotating shafts 9. At the end of each blocking vane 7 away from its rotating shaft 9, a vane driving rod 10 is fixedly connected, and the rotating shaft 9 and the vane driving rod 10 are coaxially arranged. A number of through holes corresponding to the number of vane driving rods 10 are formed in the pipe wall of the inlet pipe 2, and each vane driving rod 10 passes out of the corresponding through hole to the outside of the inlet pipe 2.

[0043] The transmission linkage mechanism comprises the guide vane driving rod 10, the first connecting rod 11, the second connecting rod 12, the transmission ring 13 and the motor 14. The end of each guide vane driving rod 10 is fixedly connected with a first connecting rod 11 outside the inlet pipe 2. The other end of each first connecting rod 11 is rotatably connected with a second connecting rod 12. Specifically, a sliding groove 15 is formed at one end of the first connecting rod 11, and a rotating rod 16 is arranged at one end of the second connecting rod 12. The rotating rod 16 can slide and rotate in the sliding groove 15. A transmission ring 13 is coaxially arranged outside the inlet pipe 2. A sliding rail is arranged outside the inlet pipe 2, and a sliding block is arranged on the inner side of the transmission ring 13. The sliding block slides in the sliding rail, so that the transmission ring 13 is positioned outside the inlet pipe 2 and can rotate around the inlet pipe 2. The other end of each second connecting rod 12 is hingedly connected to the transmission ring 13. A rack 19 is fixed on the end face of the transmission ring 13. The motor 14 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the flow pipe 3 or any other suitable position of the vortex tube, as long as the gear 20 on the output shaft of the motor 14 is engaged with the rack 19 on the transmission ring 13, so that the motor 14 can drive the transmission ring 13 to rotate counterclockwise or clockwise.

[0044] When the motor 14 is started, the driving gear 20 rotates, driving the rack 19 and the entire transmission ring 13 to rotate around the axis of the inlet pipe 2. The rotation of the transmission ring 13 is transmitted through each second connecting rod 12, driving each first connecting rod 11 to move. The movement of the first connecting rod 11 ultimately drives the guide vane driving rod 10 to rotate around its own axis, thereby accurately controlling all the blocking guide vanes 7 to deflect by the same angle synchronously, adjusting the effective flow area of the inlet and the pre-swirl angle of the airflow, and realizing the preliminary control of the inlet flow and the inlet state.

[0045] The specific structure and working mode of the pipeline stroke adjusting mechanism:

[0046] The pipeline stroke adjusting mechanism is directly arranged on the pipe section of the flow pipe 3 and is used for changing the effective stroke of the gas flow. It comprises two adjusting flanges 21, an expansion pipe 22, a plurality of positioning rods 23 and locking members 24. In this embodiment, the positioning rods 23 can be screw rods, and the locking members 24 can be locking nuts. The expansion pipe 22 is preferably made of an axially elastically deformable metal bellows or rubber pipe. The two ends of the expansion pipe 22 are fixedly connected with the upstream and downstream flow pipes 3 through an adjusting flange 21 respectively, and the expansion pipe 22 is coaxial with the flow pipes 3. A plurality of screw rods are arranged in parallel between the two adjusting flanges 21, and each adjusting flange 21 can slide on the screw rods. On each screw rod, a locking nut is threadedly connected on both sides of each adjusting flange 21.

[0047] When adjusting, first loosen all the locking nuts, then move the two adjusting flanges 21 along the axial direction, the telescopic pipe 22 is stretched or compressed accordingly, thus changing the total length of the whole flow path. The gas rotates in the longer pipe, the stroke increases, the energy exchange is more sufficient, and the temperature difference effect is more significant. After adjusting to the required length, tighten all the locking nuts again to firmly fix the adjusting flanges 21 on the screw rod, ensuring the stability of the structure.

[0048] In addition, the positioning rod 23 can also be a sliding rod, and the locking member 24 can also be a lock. The sliding rod and the adjusting flange are locked by the lock.

[0049] Specific structure and working mode of the flow adjusting mechanism:

[0050] The flow adjusting mechanism is connected with the hot-end exhaust pipe 4, and is used for adjusting the gas flow distribution ratio of the cold end and the hot end. It includes a gas collecting chamber 25, an outer thread 29 processed on the outer wall of the gas collecting chamber 25, a positioning ring 30, a locking ring 31 and a connecting member 32.

[0051] The end of the flow pipe 3 away from the gas inlet pipe 2 is communicated with the gas collecting chamber 25. The end of the gas collecting chamber 25 away from the flow pipe 3 is provided with a sliding opening 26, and a sealing gasket is arranged at the sliding opening 26. The hot-end exhaust pipe 4 extends into the gas collecting chamber 25 from the sliding opening 26, and a tapered head 27 is arranged at the extending end. The tapered head 27 is opposite to and close to the connection between the flow pipe 3 and the gas collecting chamber 25, and an annular gap is reserved therebetween. A plurality of exhaust holes 28 are also arranged on the wall of the hot-end exhaust pipe 4 inside the gas collecting chamber 25.

[0052] The positioning ring 30 and the locking ring 31 are connected to the gas collecting chamber 25 from the end of the gas collecting chamber 25 away from the cold-end exhaust pipe 1 in sequence. In this embodiment, the outer wall of the gas collecting chamber 25 is provided with an outer thread 29, and the positioning ring 30 and the locking ring 31 are screwed on the outer thread 29 in sequence. The positioning ring 30 is a limiting nut, and the locking ring 31 is a fastening nut, both of which are provided with inner threads. The end of the hot-end exhaust pipe 4 outside the gas collecting chamber 25 is fixedly connected with the locking ring 31 through the connecting member 32. In this embodiment, the connecting member 32 is a bent connecting rod, and the two ends thereof are welded with the locking ring 31 and the hot-end exhaust pipe 4 respectively. The positioning ring 30 is used for pre-setting the axial positioning reference.

[0053] During adjustment, first rotate the positioning ring 30 to the preset position, then rotate the hot-end exhaust pipe 4 and the locking ring 31 as a whole, moving them axially along the external thread 29. The conical head 27 at the front end of the hot-end exhaust pipe 4 moves accordingly, thereby changing the size of the annular gap between the conical head 27 and the inlet of the gas collecting chamber 25. This gap is the channel for hot air to enter the gas collecting chamber 25. If the gap is increased, the flow resistance at the hot end decreases, more air flows out from the hot end, and the proportion of cold end flow decreases; if the gap is decreased, the flow resistance at the hot end increases, forcing more air to turn back and be discharged from the cold end. The hot air in the gas collecting chamber 25 is collected through the exhaust hole 28 and discharged into the hot-end exhaust pipe 4.

[0054] Alternatively, a slide rail can be provided on the air collection chamber 25. In this case, the positioning ring 30 can be an adjustable latch fixed on the slide rail, and the locking ring 31 can be a buckle that cooperates with the latch.

[0055] The cooperative working principle of the device of the present invention is as follows:

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, the flow rate and temperature regulation of the vortex tube have a stable operating range. If the outlet flow rate is too low, it may cause the gas to rotate and stall, and in severe cases, surge may occur, damaging the device. If the outlet flow rate is too high, but the flow area is limited, it may cause local flow velocity to exceed the limit, leading to blockage, and in severe cases, vibration, which will greatly affect the efficiency of the vortex tube.

[0057] In actual operation, the three regulating mechanisms of this vortex tube need to work together to achieve optimal performance and ensure safe operation.

[0058] When high-pressure, high-speed gas enters the intake pipe 2 through the guide vane 7, it is further pressurized and accelerated, then rotates along the inner wall of the intake pipe 2 and enters the flow pipe 3. The high-speed rotating gas on the outside rubs against the inner wall of the flow pipe 3, causing it to heat up. Due to the viscosity of the gas itself, the gas on the outside gains energy and heats up further, while the gas on the inside loses energy and begins to cool down. After reaching the conical head 27 of the hot-end exhaust pipe 4, the hot gas on the outside enters the gas collecting chamber 25 through the gap with the gas collecting chamber 25 and is discharged to the hot gas outlet flange 6 through the exhaust port 28. The cold gas on the inside bounces off the wall of the conical head 27 and returns to the flow pipe 3, then returns along the same path and is discharged through the cold-end exhaust pipe 1, thereby achieving the heating and cooling of the gas.

[0059] When it is necessary to adjust the gas temperature at the hot and cold ends of the vortex tube, the gas travel distance within the flow channel significantly affects the heating and cooling effect of the vortex tube. Therefore, by adjusting the cooperation between the locking nut 24 and the screw 23, the extension and contraction of the telescopic pipe 22 are achieved, thereby controlling the effective gas travel distance within the flow channel 3 and thus controlling its temperature. When the telescopic pipe 22 extends, the effective gas travel distance increases, and the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the gas increases.

[0060] When the flow length is increased by the pipe length adjustment mechanism to pursue a larger temperature difference, the flow resistance in the pipe will increase, which may cause the total flow to decrease, and there is a risk of causing flow instability such as surge. At this time, the motor 14 of the inlet adjustment mechanism is started, and the opening of the blocking vane 7 is appropriately increased to increase the inlet flow, and the system operating point is pulled back to the stable region. Conversely, when the hot end gap is opened by the flow adjustment mechanism to increase the heat flow ratio, the overall flow resistance of the system may decrease, and the high flow rate may cause efficiency to decrease or blockage, at which time the blocking vane 7 needs to be appropriately closed to maintain stability. Through this linkage compensation control, the present application can realize safe, efficient and stable operation in a wide range of flow and temperature output, and truly realizes the decoupling and independent adjustment of the refrigeration / heating power and the output temperature difference, and overcomes the inherent defects of the traditional vortex tube.

[0061] Embodiment 2:

[0062] The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that the transmission linkage mechanism in Embodiment 2 includes a lever 34 and a third linkage 33. The vane driving rod 10 is fixedly connected to the third linkage 33 at one end outside the inlet pipe 2, a sliding groove 35 is formed in the third linkage 33, one end of the lever 34 is connected to the transmission ring 13, and the other end of the lever 34 penetrates through the sliding groove 35. At this time, a push rod can be arranged on the transmission ring 13, and the push rod is pushed by external force to drive the transmission ring 13 to rotate.

[0063] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A flow rate and temperature adjustable vortex tube comprising a cold end exhaust pipe (1), an inlet pipe (2), a flow pipe (3) and a hot end exhaust pipe (4), characterized in that, Also comprising: An air intake adjusting mechanism arranged at the inlet section of the air intake pipe (2) for adjusting the air intake flow rate at the air intake pipe (2); A pipe stroke adjusting mechanism comprising a telescopic pipe (22) arranged at the pipe section of the flow pipe (3) for adjusting the effective stroke of the gas at the flow pipe (3); A flow adjusting mechanism connected with the hot end exhaust pipe (4) for adjusting the gas flow rate ratio flowing into the hot end exhaust pipe (4) and the cold end exhaust pipe (1) from the flow pipe (3) respectively.

2. The flow and temperature adjustable vortex tube according to claim 1, wherein, The air intake adjusting mechanism comprises: At least one blocking vane (7) rotatably arranged in the air intake pipe (2); A vane driving rod (10) fixedly connected with the blocking vane (7); A transmission ring (13) rotatably sleeved at the periphery of the air intake pipe (2) and coaxial with the air intake pipe (2); A transmission linkage connected between the vane driving rod (10) and the transmission ring (13), the transmission ring (13) rotates to drive the transmission linkage to move to drive the vane driving rod (10) to rotate, so as to adjust the air intake flow rate at the air intake pipe (2).

3. The flow and temperature adjustable vortex tube according to claim 2, wherein, A support (8) is arranged in the air intake pipe (2), and the at least one blocking vane (7) is rotatably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the support (8) through a rotating shaft (9); The vane driving rod (10) is fixedly connected to the other end of the blocking vane (7) away from the rotating shaft (9), and the vane driving rod (10) drives the rotating shaft (9) and the blocking vane (7) to rotate; a through hole is formed in the air intake pipe (2), and the vane driving rod (10) passes through the through hole, and one end of the vane driving rod (10) located outside the air intake pipe (2) is connected with the transmission linkage.

4. The flow and temperature adjustable vortex tube according to claim 3, wherein, The transmission linkage comprises a first linkage (11) and a second linkage (12); one end of the vane driving rod (10) located outside the air intake pipe (2) is fixedly connected with the first linkage (11), the first linkage (11) is movably connected with the second linkage (12), and the other end of the second linkage (12) away from the first linkage (11) is movably connected with the transmission ring (13).

5. The flow and temperature adjustable vortex tube according to claim 3, wherein, The transmission linkage comprises a shifting rod (34) and a third linkage (33); one end of the vane driving rod (10) located outside the air intake pipe (2) is fixedly connected with the third linkage (33), a sliding groove (35) is formed in the third linkage (33); one end of the shifting rod (34) is connected with the transmission ring (13), and the other end of the shifting rod (34) passes through the sliding groove (35).

6. The flow and temperature adjustable vortex tube according to claim 1, wherein, The pipe stroke adjusting mechanism further comprises two opposite adjusting flanges (21), a locking member (24) and a positioning rod (23); The two ends of the telescopic pipe (22) and the flow pipe (3) are connected through the adjusting flanges (21), a plurality of positioning rods (23) are connected between the two adjusting flanges (21), the two adjusting flanges (21) are movable on the positioning rods (23), and the locking member (24) is used for fixing between the adjusting flanges and the positioning rods.

7. The flow and temperature adjustable vortex tube according to claim 1, wherein, The flow regulating mechanism comprises a gas collecting chamber (25), a positioning ring (30), a locking ring (31) and a connecting piece (32); The flow channel (3) is communicated with the gas collecting chamber (25) at the end away from the cold end exhaust pipe (1), the gas collecting chamber (25) is provided with a sliding opening (26) at the end away from the flow channel (3), the hot end exhaust pipe (4) extends into the gas collecting chamber (25) from the sliding opening (26), the hot end exhaust pipe (4) is provided with a conical head (27) at the end extending into the gas collecting chamber (25), the conical head (27) extends to the connection between the flow channel (3) and the gas collecting chamber (25), and a gap exists between the conical head (27) and the connection; a plurality of exhaust holes (28) are formed in the hot end exhaust pipe (4) inside the gas collecting chamber (25); The positioning ring (30) and the locking ring (31) are connected to the gas collecting chamber (25) from the end of the gas collecting chamber (25) away from the cold end exhaust pipe (1) in sequence, the positioning ring (30) is used for positioning the locking ring (31), and the hot end exhaust pipe (4) is connected to the locking ring (31) through the connecting piece (32) at the end outside the gas collecting chamber (25).

8. The flow and temperature adjustable vortex tube according to claim 1, wherein, The flow channel (3) is connected to the side wall of the gas inlet pipe (2) and communicated with the inside of the gas inlet pipe (2), and the cold end exhaust pipe (1) extends into the inside of the gas inlet pipe (2) and is connected to the side wall of the gas inlet pipe (2).

9. The flow and temperature adjustable vortex tube according to claim 1, wherein, The caliber of the cold end exhaust pipe (1) gradually increases along the direction away from the flow channel (3).

10. The flow and temperature adjustable vortex tube according to claim 1, wherein, The exhaust end of the cold end exhaust pipe (1) is provided with a cold gas outlet flange (5), and the exhaust pipe of the hot end exhaust pipe (4) is provided with a hot gas outlet flange (6).

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