Low-carbon rotary kiln equipment with waste heat recovery function

Abstract

The invention discloses low-carbon rotary kiln equipment with a waste heat recovery function, and relates to the technical field of rotary kiln waste heat utilization, the low-carbon rotary kiln equipment comprises a kiln body and a feeding head arranged at the kiln tail of the kiln body, the feeding head is provided with a waste heat utilization device, and the waste heat utilization device comprises a box body and a compensation assembly. Through the arrangement of the compensation assembly, the distributor, the exhaust part and the like, when the feeding amount is normal, high-temperature tail gas can act on raw material preheating in a concentrated mode; when the feeding amount is suddenly reduced, redundant tail gas can be rapidly guided out to the first exhaust pipe through the exhaust branch pipe and finally is fed into equipment such as an air preheater or a boiler through the negative pressure device for secondary utilization, idle loss of the high-temperature tail gas is avoided, stepped recovery and efficient utilization of waste heat are achieved, and the low-carbon production requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rotary kiln waste heat utilization technology, and in particular to a low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery. Background Technology

[0002] A rotary kiln is a large, cylindrical, rotating calcining device. Because the cylinder rotates continuously during operation, it is also commonly known as a "rotary kiln." It processes various solid materials at high temperatures and is an indispensable core piece of equipment in many industrial fields. However, during operation, it generates a large amount of high-temperature flue gas and considerable radiant heat from the kiln surface. If this energy is not recovered, it will be directly released into the atmosphere, resulting in significant energy waste.

[0003] Chinese patent application number CN202210473640.9 discloses a rotary kiln calcination system and method. The invention connects a rotary kiln, a preheating feed hopper, a cooling fan, and a finished product cooling hopper in sequence to form a circulation path for calcination flue gas. The calcination flue gas discharged from the first combustion of the rotary kiln preheats the material to be calcined in the preheating feed hopper to make full use of the heat of the calcination flue gas. Then, the cooling fan extracts a preset proportion of calcination flue gas to cool the calcined material in the finished product cooling hopper, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the calcination system.

[0004] Chinese patent application number CN202411572131.7 discloses a rotary kiln for calcining cement clinker. This invention separates the exhaust of flue gas from the entry of raw meal through a separation and adjustment mechanism. After the separated flue gas enters the flue gas chamber, it covers the conveying pipe. The residual heat in the flue gas preheats the raw meal in the conveying pipe, so that the residual heat in the flue gas can be fully utilized. At the same time, it can separate the flue gas and the raw meal, avoiding mutual interference between the two, and achieving the effect of one machine serving two purposes.

[0005] Although the aforementioned waste heat recovery system exchanges heat between the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the kiln tail and the raw material through equipment such as preheaters, so that the raw material has a certain amount of heat before entering the kiln tail, the existing preheaters and other equipment only utilize the heat transfer of the high-temperature exhaust gas and do not consider whether the feed rate and the utilization rate of the high-temperature exhaust gas are positively matched.

[0006] The large volume of high-temperature exhaust gas and the small feed rate result in low utilization of the high-temperature exhaust gas. Furthermore, during continuous feeding in the rotary kiln, when problems occur with the feeding equipment and automatic control system, the feed rate at the kiln tail will decrease significantly. Since the axial length of the rotary kiln is very long, there is usually a time interval of tens of seconds to several minutes between the sudden decrease in feed rate and the subsequent decrease in high-temperature exhaust gas. During this period, the volume of high-temperature exhaust gas remains large, which leads to a sharp increase in the heat borne by the unit material in the preheater. Excessive temperature causes the low-melting-point components in the raw material to melt prematurely, becoming viscous and forming a hard crust on the inner wall of the preheater and feed inlet. Once these crusts collapse and fall off, they may cause blockages, which is one of the main reasons for unplanned shutdowns of the rotary kiln.

[0007] To address these issues, this invention proposes a low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery, comprising a kiln body and a feed head disposed at the kiln tail of the kiln body, wherein the feed head is provided with a waste heat utilization device, the waste heat utilization device comprising: The housing is connected to the feed head. The housing is divided into an upper side, a middle side, and a lower side in the direction of material movement. The middle side is provided with multiple equally spaced baffles, which divide the interior of the middle side into multiple waste heat utilization chambers. The housing is provided with multiple feed pipes extending from the upper side to the lower side and matching the waste heat utilization chambers. Each feed pipe is provided with a buffer tank located in the upper side. An exhaust device is fixedly connected to one side of the upper side and the middle side. The compensation component, which is disposed inside the housing, includes a movable part located inside the buffer tank and a compensation component located on the feed pipe and the middle side. The movable part can move according to the change in the feed amount in the buffer tank, and in the process of moving, the compensation component adjusts the exhaust volume of the exhaust component.

[0010] Preferably, the movable component includes a movable plate located inside the buffer tank, a plurality of circumferentially distributed connecting rods are fixedly connected to the movable plate, a plurality of fixed cylinders matching the connecting rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer tank, and a piston plate that is sealed and slidably connected to one end of each of the connecting rods extending into the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the exhaust component includes a first exhaust pipe corresponding to the middle side and a second exhaust pipe corresponding to the upper side. A cavity is formed in the upper side, and the second exhaust pipe communicates with the cavity. The first and second exhaust pipes are connected to a main pipe. An air distribution box is provided on the first exhaust pipe, and an exhaust branch pipe communicating with multiple waste heat utilization chambers is provided at one end of the air distribution box.

[0012] Preferably, the compensation component includes multiple movable blocks slidably connected to the inner wall of the waste heat utilization chamber. Each movable block has an air inlet hole coaxially arranged with the feed pipe, the diameter of which is larger than the outer diameter of the feed pipe. An adjusting rod extending into the feed pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the movable plate away from the connecting rod. One end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to a movable cylinder that slides coaxially with the feed pipe. Multiple fixing strips matching the movable blocks are fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the movable cylinder. A sliding groove matching the fixing strips is provided on the circumferential side of the feed pipe. A cover plate matching the exhaust branch pipe is provided on the movable block.

[0013] Preferably, the baffles are provided with multiple through holes at one end near the lower side, and a partition plate fixedly connected to multiple feed pipes is provided in the lower side, and a buffer cavity is formed between the partition plate and the middle side.

[0014] Preferably, the lower side is provided with a partition component matching the feed pipe, the partition component divides the lower side into a feed area and a smoke exhaust area, and the partition component can adjust the partition ratio of the feed area and the smoke exhaust area according to the feed amount of the feed pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the separating assembly includes an inclined side plate fixedly connected to the partition, a bearing plate slidably connected to the side of the inclined side plate near the feed pipe, a plurality of elastic elements matching the bearing plate provided on the other side of the inclined side plate, an adjusting plate rotatably connected to the bottom of the inclined side plate, and a plurality of actuators matching the elastic elements fixedly connected to the side wall of the inclined side plate. The elastic element includes a positioning cylinder fixedly connected to the inclined side plate. The positioning cylinder is internally sealed and slidably connected to a first piston rod. One end of the first piston rod passes through the inclined side plate and is fixedly connected to the bearing plate. The first piston rod divides the interior of the positioning cylinder into a first chamber away from the bearing plate and a second chamber close to the bearing plate. The actuator forms a driving engagement with the second chamber.

[0016] Preferably, the actuator includes an actuator cylinder fixedly connected to the inclined side plate, a second piston rod is slidably connected inside the actuator cylinder, a connecting pipe communicating with a second chamber is fixedly connected to the end of the actuator cylinder, a hammer is provided at one end of the second piston rod extending out of the actuator cylinder, the hammer is in contact with the side of the adjusting plate, and the side of the adjusting plate near the hammer is an arc surface.

[0017] Preferably, the inner diameter of the buffer tank is larger than the outer diameter of the feed pipe, and the diameter of the movable plate is larger than the inner diameter of the feed pipe.

[0018] Preferably, the top of the housing is provided with a distributor that matches multiple feed pipes, the distributor is externally connected to a feeding device, and the exhaust component is externally connected to a negative pressure device that communicates with the main pipe.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention, through the design of compensation components, distributors, and exhaust components, ensures that when the feed rate is normal, the high-temperature exhaust gas can be concentrated on preheating the raw materials; when the feed rate decreases sharply, the excess exhaust gas will be quickly discharged to the first exhaust pipe through the exhaust branch pipe, and finally sent to the air preheater or boiler by the negative pressure device for secondary utilization. This avoids the idle loss of high-temperature exhaust gas, realizes the cascade recovery and efficient utilization of waste heat, and meets the requirements of low-carbon production.

[0020] 2. The design of the buffer tank and the movable plate ensures that the feed pipe below the buffer tank is always full, guaranteeing the continuity of raw material conveying. At the same time, as the high-temperature exhaust gas flows upward, the raw material in the feed pipe is heated first, and then the buffer tank is heated after entering the upper cavity. By adjusting the raw material discharge sequence, the raw material that is closer to the inner wall of the buffer tank and is heated first is discharged first. The raw material above the movable plate fills the inner wall under the push of gravity and subsequent feeding, so that all raw materials can form effective heat and mass transfer with the high-temperature exhaust gas, avoiding the situation of insufficient preheating of raw materials in some areas.

[0021] 3. By setting a separator component on the lower side that matches the feed pipe, dynamic isolation between the feed zone and the exhaust zone is achieved. When the feed rate decreases sharply and the bearing plate loses sufficient pressure, the gas in the first chamber pushes it to reset, and the liquid backflow causes the second piston rod and hammer to descend, pushing the adjusting plate to move away from the exhaust zone, directly narrowing the feed zone outlet. This spatially blocks the high-temperature exhaust gas from the exhaust zone from entering the feed pipe, completely avoiding the problem of raw material being contaminated by contact with high-temperature exhaust gas, or the blockage caused by low-melting-point components melting and adhering to the feed pipe in advance. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the waste heat utilization device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the waste heat utilization device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the feed pipe and the housing of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the feed pipe and the compensation component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the movable part and the compensation part of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the partition and the separation assembly of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the partition and separating assembly of the present invention from another angle.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the separator component of the present invention.

[0032] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Kiln body; 11. Feed head; 12. Feed pipe; 121. Chute; 2. Waste heat recovery device; 21. Housing; 211. Upper side; 212. Middle side; 213. Lower side; 22. Baffle; 221. Through hole; 23. Waste heat recovery chamber; 24. Buffer tank; 25. Exhaust components; 251. First exhaust duct; 252. Second exhaust duct; 253. Main duct; 254. Air distribution box; 255. Exhaust branch duct; 26. Cavity; 3. Compensation component; 31. Moving part; 311. Moving plate; 312. Connecting rod; 313. Fixed cylinder; 32. Compensation component; 321. Moving block; 322. Air inlet; 323. Adjusting rod; 324. Moving cylinder; 325. Fixing strip; 326. Cover plate; 4. Partition; 41. Buffer chamber; 5. Separating component; 51. Feeding area; 52. Exhaust area; 53. Inclined side plate; 54. Bearing plate; 55. Elastic element; 551. Positioning cylinder; 552. First chamber; 553. Second chamber; 56. Adjusting plate; 57. Actuator; 571. Actuating cylinder; 572. Second piston rod; 573. Connecting pipe; 574. Hammer. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0034] Existing preheaters and other equipment only utilize the heat transfer of high-temperature exhaust gas without considering whether the feed rate and the utilization rate of high-temperature exhaust gas are positively matched. That is, the large volume of high-temperature exhaust gas and the small feed rate result in low utilization of the high-temperature exhaust gas. Furthermore, during continuous feeding in a rotary kiln, when problems occur with the feeding equipment and automatic control system, the feed rate at the kiln tail will significantly decrease. Since the axial length of a rotary kiln is very long, there is usually a time interval of tens of seconds to several minutes between the sudden decrease in feed rate and the subsequent decrease in high-temperature exhaust gas. During this period, the volume of high-temperature exhaust gas remains large, causing a sharp increase in the heat borne by each unit of material in the preheater. Excessive temperature causes the low-melting-point components in the raw material to melt prematurely, becoming viscous and forming a hard crust on the inner walls of the preheater and feed inlet. Once this crust collapses and falls off, it can cause blockages, which is one of the main reasons for unplanned shutdowns of rotary kilns.

[0035] This embodiment was invented to solve the above problems.

[0036] Please see Figures 1 to 10 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery, including a kiln body 1 and a feed head 11 provided at the kiln tail of the kiln body 1. A waste heat utilization device 2 is provided on the feed head 11. The waste heat utilization device 2 includes a box 21 communicating with the feed head 11 and a compensation component 3 located inside the box 21.

[0037] The housing 21 is divided into an upper side 211, a middle side 212 and a lower side 213 in the direction of material movement. The middle side 212 is provided with a number of equally spaced baffles 22, which divide the interior of the middle side 212 into a number of waste heat utilization chambers 23. The housing 21 is provided with a number of feed pipes 12 extending from the upper side 211 to the lower side 213 and matching the waste heat utilization chambers 23. Each feed pipe 12 is provided with a buffer tank 24 located in the upper side 211. An exhaust device 25 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper side 211 and the middle side 212.

[0038] The compensation component 3 includes a movable part 31 located inside the buffer tank 24 and a compensation component 32 located in the feed pipe 12 and the middle side 212. The movable part 31 can move according to the change in the feed amount in the buffer tank 24, and the compensation component 32 adjusts the exhaust volume of the exhaust component during the movement.

[0039] The top of the housing 21 is equipped with a distributor that matches multiple feed pipes 12. The distributor is connected to a feeding device. The exhaust device is connected to a negative pressure device that communicates with the main pipe 253. In this embodiment, the negative pressure device is connected to an air preheater, which uses high-temperature exhaust gas to heat the air entering the kiln head. In other embodiments, this part of the exhaust high-temperature exhaust gas can also be passed into equipment such as a boiler for multiple uses.

[0040] Multiple baffles 22 are provided with multiple through holes 221 at one end near the lower side 213. A partition 4 is provided in the lower side 213 and is fixedly connected to multiple feed pipes 12. A buffer cavity 41 is formed between the partition 4 and the middle side 212.

[0041] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the movable component 31 includes a movable plate 311 located inside the buffer tank 24. Multiple circumferentially distributed connecting rods 312 are fixedly connected to the movable plate 311. Multiple fixed cylinders 313 that match the connecting rods 312 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer tank 24. A piston plate that is sealed and slidably connected to the fixed cylinder 313 is fixedly connected to one end of the multiple connecting rods 312 that extends into the fixed cylinder 313.

[0042] The inner diameter of the buffer tank 24 is larger than the outer diameter of the feed pipe 12, and the diameter of the movable plate 311 is larger than the inner diameter of the feed pipe 12.

[0043] Please see Figure 3 As shown, the exhaust system includes a first exhaust pipe 251 corresponding to the middle side 212 and a second exhaust pipe 252 corresponding to the upper side 211. A cavity 26 is formed in the upper side 211. The second exhaust pipe 252 is connected to the cavity 26. The first exhaust pipe 251 and the second exhaust pipe 252 are connected to a main pipe 253. An air distribution box 254 is provided on the first exhaust pipe 251. One end of the air distribution box 254 is provided with an exhaust branch pipe 255 that is connected to multiple waste heat utilization chambers 23.

[0044] The compensation component 32 includes multiple movable blocks 321 that are slidably connected to the inner wall of the waste heat utilization chamber 23. Each movable block 321 has an air inlet hole 322 that is coaxially arranged with the feed pipe 12. The diameter of the air inlet hole 322 is larger than the outer diameter of the feed pipe 12. An adjusting rod 323 that extends into the feed pipe 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the movable plate 311 away from the connecting rod 312. An movable cylinder 324 that slides coaxially with the feed pipe 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the adjusting rod 323. Multiple fixing strips 325 that match the movable blocks 321 are fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the movable cylinder 324. A sliding groove 121 that matches the fixing strips 325 is opened on the circumferential side of the feed pipe 12. A cover plate 326 that matches the exhaust branch pipe 255 is provided on the movable block 321.

[0045] During the operation of the kiln body 1, the raw material enters multiple feed pipes 12 in equal amounts through the distributor. When the raw material enters the buffer tank 24, it first contacts the movable plate 311 and causes the movable plate 311 to move downward under the gravity of the raw material. When the connecting rod 312 moves inside the fixed cylinder 313, a pressure difference is generated inside the fixed cylinder 313, which has a rebound effect like a "gas spring". After passing through the buffer tank 24, part of the raw material continues to enter the feed pipe 12 and continues to move downward. During this process, the feed pipe 12 below the buffer tank 24 is always in a full pipe state.

[0046] The high-temperature exhaust gas generated inside the kiln 1 enters the buffer chamber 41 through the feed head 11. During the continuous flow of the gas, a positive pressure is formed in the buffer chamber 41. The baffle 22 and the through holes 221 on the baffle 22 ensure that the gas flow rate in each waste heat utilization chamber 23 remains consistent. As the gas moves upward, the raw material in the feed pipe 12 is heated. When the gas enters the cavity 26, the high-temperature exhaust gas mainly heats the buffer tank 24. At this time, the raw material near the inner wall of the buffer tank 24 is heated first. The material above the movable plate 311 has a weaker mass transfer effect due to its greater distance. However, by adjusting the discharge sequence of the raw material, the present invention ensures that the raw material near the pipe wall of the buffer tank 24 is discharged into the feed pipe 12 first. The raw material above the movable plate 311 fills the inner wall of the buffer tank 24 under the action of gravity and the pushing action of the subsequent raw material, so that it forms a heat and mass transfer with the high-temperature exhaust gas.

[0047] It should be noted that when the feeding equipment and automatic control system malfunction, causing a sudden decrease in the feeding amount, the amount of raw material accumulated inside the buffer tank 24 decreases. As the weight of the raw material above the movable plate 311 decreases, the movable plate 311 moves upward under the action of the fixed cylinder 313 and the connecting rod 312. When the movable block 321 moves upward under the action of the adjusting rod 323 and the fixing bar 325, not only does the volume of the buffer chamber 41 increase and the internal pressure decrease, but the area of ​​the cover plate 326 covering the exhaust branch pipe 255 also decreases. A large amount of high-temperature exhaust gas enters the first exhaust pipe 251 through the exhaust branch pipe 255 and the air distribution box 254, and is finally sent to another waste heat utilization device 2 by the negative pressure device.

[0048] In addition, although a large amount of high-temperature exhaust gas will be discharged through the first exhaust duct 251, some gas will still enter the cavity 26 of the upper part 211 to continue to transfer heat and mass to the feed pipe 12 and the buffer tank 24, and finally be discharged through the second exhaust duct 252.

[0049] In summary, through the design of the compensation component 3, the distributor, and the exhaust components, the distributor distributes the raw material equally to multiple feed pipes 12. Combined with the baffle 22 and through-hole 221 design on the side 212 of the housing 21, the gas flow rate in each waste heat utilization chamber 23 remains consistent, allowing the raw material in the feed pipe 12 to fully contact and exchange heat with the high-temperature exhaust gas. Simultaneously, the compensation component 3 can dynamically adjust the exhaust status according to changes in the feed rate. When the feed rate is normal, the high-temperature exhaust gas can be concentrated on preheating the raw material. When the feed rate decreases sharply, the excess exhaust gas is quickly discharged through the exhaust branch pipe 255 to the first exhaust pipe 251, and finally sent by the negative pressure device to equipment such as an air preheater or boiler for secondary utilization. This avoids the idle loss of high-temperature exhaust gas, achieving tiered recovery and efficient utilization of waste heat, meeting the requirements of low-carbon production.

[0050] Furthermore, the design of the buffer tank 24 and the movable plate 311 ensures that the feed pipe 12 below the buffer tank 24 is always full, guaranteeing the continuity of raw material conveying. At the same time, as the high-temperature exhaust gas flows upward, it first heats the raw material in the feed pipe 12, and then heats the buffer tank 24 after entering the upper cavity 26 of the 211. By adjusting the raw material discharge sequence, the raw material that is closest to the inner wall of the buffer tank 24 and is heated first is discharged first. The raw material above the movable plate 311 fills the inner wall under the push of gravity and subsequent feeding, so that all raw materials can form effective heat and mass transfer with the high-temperature exhaust gas, avoiding the situation of insufficient preheating of local raw materials. Example 2

[0051] In actual use, it was found that although buffer structures were set at both the raw material inlet and the high-temperature exhaust outlet, when the feed suddenly decreased, the material in the feed pipe 12 could not be filled for a certain period of time. Some of the high-temperature exhaust gas would enter the feed pipe 12, causing raw material contamination. In some cases, the low-melting-point components in the raw material would melt prematurely due to the high temperature and adhere to the feed pipe 12, causing the feed pipe 12 to become blocked.

[0052] This embodiment is a further improvement on the above embodiment.

[0053] Please see Figures 3 to 10 As shown, a partition component 5 matching the feed pipe 12 is provided in the lower part 213. The partition component 5 divides the lower part 213 into a feed area 51 and a smoke exhaust area 52. The partition component 5 can adjust the partition ratio of the feed area 51 and the smoke exhaust area 52 according to the feed amount of the feed pipe 12.

[0054] Specifically, the partition assembly 5 includes an inclined side plate 53 fixedly connected to the partition plate 4. A bearing plate 54 is slidably connected to the side of the inclined side plate 53 near the feed pipe 12. A plurality of elastic elements 55 matching the bearing plate 54 are provided on the other side of the inclined side plate 53. An adjusting plate 56 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inclined side plate 53. A plurality of actuators 57 matching the elastic elements 55 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the inclined side plate 53.

[0055] In this embodiment, the elastic element 55 includes a positioning cylinder 551 fixedly connected to the inclined side plate 53. The positioning cylinder 551 is slidably connected to a first piston rod. One end of the first piston rod passes through the inclined side plate 53 and is fixedly connected to the support plate 54. The first piston rod divides the interior of the positioning cylinder 551 into a first chamber 552 away from the support plate 54 and a second chamber 553 close to the support plate 54. The actuator 57 forms a driving engagement with the second chamber 553.

[0056] The actuator 57 includes an actuator cylinder 571 fixedly connected to the inclined side plate 53. A second piston rod 572 is slidably connected inside the actuator cylinder 571. A connecting pipe 573 communicating with the second chamber 553 is fixedly connected to the end of the actuator cylinder 571. A hammer head 574 is provided at one end of the second piston rod 572 that extends out of the actuator cylinder 571. The hammer head 574 contacts the side of the adjusting plate 56. The side of the adjusting plate 56 near the hammer head 574 is an arc surface.

[0057] It should be noted that the adjusting plate 56 will not return to the vertical state; it will always deflect away from the smoke exhaust area 52. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the filling medium inside the first chamber 552 is gas, while the filling medium inside the second chamber 553 and the positioning cylinder 551 is liquid. When the first chamber 552 is compressed, the volume of the second chamber 553 increases, and the liquid medium in the positioning cylinder 551 enters the second chamber 553 through the connecting pipe 573.

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, during use, when high-temperature flue gas enters the lower part 213 through the feed head 11, under the separation of the partition plate 4 and the inclined side plate 53, the flue gas enters the buffer chamber 41 through the exhaust zone 52. When the feed rate is normal, the raw material falls onto the support plate 54 through the feed pipe 12. Under the impact of a large amount of raw material and the gravity of the raw material, the support plate 54 moves downward. The gas filled in the first chamber 552 is compressed, and the liquid inside the actuator cylinder 571 enters the second chamber 553 through the connecting pipe 573. At this time, the second piston rod 572 and the hammer head 574 move upward. The adjusting plate 56 swings towards the exhaust zone 52 under the action of gravity. However, even if the hammer head 574 moves upward to the maximum extent, the adjusting plate 56 will not swing to a vertical state.

[0059] When the feed rate decreases sharply, the amount of raw material falling above the support plate 54 in the feed pipe 12 decreases. The compressed gas in the first chamber 552 pushes the support plate 54 to move obliquely upward, while the liquid in the second chamber 553 enters the positioning cylinder 551 under the action of the first piston rod. The second piston rod 572 and the hammer 574 move downward and push the adjusting plate 56 to move away from the exhaust zone 52. At this time, the outlet of the feed zone 51 decreases, preventing the high-temperature exhaust gas inside the exhaust zone 52 from entering the feed pipe 12 through the feed zone 51, and preventing the raw material from overheating and melting, thus blocking the feed pipe 12.

[0060] It should be noted that during the up-and-down movement of the support plate 54, the inclined side plate 53 is always in contact with the high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust zone 52, and it itself has high heat. When the feed volume in the feed pipe 12 is large, the distance between the support plate 54 and the inclined side plate 53 is small, and the support plate 54 can also heat the raw material under the heat radiation of the inclined side plate 53, thereby improving the preheating effect of the raw material. When the feed volume in the feed pipe 12 is small, the support plate 54 is far away from the inclined side plate 53, the heat radiation effect is weakened, and the problem of overheating of the raw material is avoided.

[0061] In summary, by setting a separator 5 matching the feed pipe 12 on the lower side 213, dynamic isolation between the feed zone 51 and the exhaust zone 52 is achieved. When the feed rate is normal, the gravity and impact of the raw material cause the bearing plate 54 to move downward, driving the first piston rod to compress the gas in the first chamber 552. The liquid in the positioning cylinder 551 flows into the actuator cylinder 571, pushing the second piston rod 572 and the hammer head 574 upward. The adjusting plate 56 tilts towards the exhaust zone 52 under the action of gravity, ensuring that the outlet of the feed zone 51 is unobstructed while allowing the high-temperature exhaust gas to pass through the exhaust zone. The smoke zone 52 enters the buffer chamber 41 to participate in waste heat utilization; when the feed rate decreases sharply and the bearing plate 54 loses sufficient pressure, the gas in the first chamber 552 pushes it to reset, and the liquid backflow causes the second piston rod 572 and hammer 574 to descend, pushing the adjusting plate 56 to move away from the smoke zone 52, directly reducing the outlet of the feed zone 51, and blocking the high-temperature exhaust gas from the smoke zone 52 from entering the feed pipe 12 from the space, thus completely avoiding the problem of raw material being contaminated by contact with high-temperature exhaust gas, or the blockage caused by low-melting-point components melting and adhering to the feed pipe 12 in advance.

[0062] Furthermore, the inclined side plate 53 in the partition component 5 maintains a high temperature due to continuous contact with the high-temperature exhaust gas in the flue gas zone 52. The distance between it and the support plate 54 can be dynamically adjusted according to the feed rate. When the feed rate is large, the support plate 54 moves closer to the inclined side plate 53 under the action of the raw material, which can fully receive the heat radiation from the inclined side plate 53 and transfer it to the raw material, thereby enhancing the heating effect on the basis of the original preheating and improving the preheating efficiency of the raw material. When the feed rate is small, the support plate 54 moves away from the inclined side plate 53, and the heat radiation transfer efficiency naturally weakens, avoiding the problem of overheating of a small amount of raw material due to continuous receipt of high-intensity heat. This ensures that the raw material can maintain a suitable preheating state under different feeding conditions, providing stable conditions for subsequent kiln body 1 processing.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery, characterized in that, The kiln includes a kiln body and a feed head located at the kiln tail. The feed head is equipped with a waste heat recovery device, which includes: The housing is connected to the feed head. The housing is divided into an upper side, a middle side, and a lower side in the direction of material movement. The middle side is provided with multiple equally spaced baffles, which divide the interior of the middle side into multiple waste heat utilization chambers. The housing is provided with multiple feed pipes extending from the upper side to the lower side and matching the waste heat utilization chambers. Each feed pipe is provided with a buffer tank located in the upper side. An exhaust device is fixedly connected to one side of the upper side and the middle side. The compensation component, which is disposed inside the housing, includes a movable part located inside the buffer tank and a compensation component located on the feed pipe and the middle side. The movable part can move according to the change in the feed amount in the buffer tank, and in the process of moving, the compensation component adjusts the exhaust volume of the exhaust component.

2. The low-carbon rotary kiln equipment with waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable component includes a movable plate located inside the buffer tank. Multiple circumferentially distributed connecting rods are fixedly connected to the movable plate. Multiple fixed cylinders matching the connecting rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer tank. A piston plate that is sealed and slidably connected to one end of each of the multiple connecting rods extending into the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed cylinder.

3. The low-carbon rotary kiln equipment with waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust system includes a first exhaust pipe corresponding to the middle side and a second exhaust pipe corresponding to the upper side. A cavity is formed in the upper side. The second exhaust pipe communicates with the cavity. The first and second exhaust pipes are connected to a main pipe. An air distribution box is provided on the first exhaust pipe. One end of the air distribution box is provided with an exhaust branch pipe that communicates with multiple waste heat utilization chambers.

4. A low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The compensation component includes multiple movable blocks that are slidably connected to the inner wall of the waste heat utilization chamber. Each movable block has an air inlet hole coaxially arranged with the feed pipe, and the diameter of the air inlet hole is larger than the outer diameter of the feed pipe. An adjusting rod extending into the feed pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the movable plate away from the connecting rod. One end of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected to a movable cylinder that slides coaxially with the feed pipe. Multiple fixing strips matching the movable blocks are fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the movable cylinder. A sliding groove matching the fixing strips is opened on the circumferential side of the feed pipe. A cover plate matching the exhaust branch pipe is provided on the movable block.

5. A low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple through holes are provided at one end of the baffle near the lower side, and a partition plate fixedly connected to multiple feed pipes is provided in the lower side. A buffer cavity is formed between the partition plate and the middle side.

6. A low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower part is provided with a partition component that matches the feed pipe. The partition component divides the lower part into a feed area and a smoke exhaust area. The partition component can adjust the partition ratio of the feed area and the smoke exhaust area according to the feed amount of the feed pipe.

7. A low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery according to claim 6, characterized in that, The separating assembly includes an inclined side plate fixedly connected to the partition plate, a bearing plate slidably connected to the side of the inclined side plate near the feed pipe, a plurality of elastic elements matching the bearing plate provided on the other side of the inclined side plate, an adjusting plate rotatably connected to the bottom of the inclined side plate, and a plurality of actuators matching the elastic elements fixedly connected to the side wall of the inclined side plate. The elastic element includes a positioning cylinder fixedly connected to the inclined side plate. The positioning cylinder is internally sealed and slidably connected to a first piston rod. One end of the first piston rod passes through the inclined side plate and is fixedly connected to the bearing plate. The first piston rod divides the interior of the positioning cylinder into a first chamber away from the bearing plate and a second chamber close to the bearing plate. The actuator forms a driving engagement with the second chamber.

8. A low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The actuator includes an actuator cylinder fixedly connected to the inclined side plate. A second piston rod is slidably connected inside the actuator cylinder. A connecting pipe communicating with a second chamber is fixedly connected to the end of the actuator cylinder. A hammer head is provided at the end of the second piston rod extending out of the actuator cylinder. The hammer head contacts the side of the adjusting plate. The side of the adjusting plate near the hammer head is an arc surface.

9. A low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the buffer tank is larger than the outer diameter of the feed pipe, and the diameter of the movable plate is larger than the inner diameter of the feed pipe.

10. A low-carbon rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the housing is equipped with a distributor that matches multiple feed pipes. The distributor is connected to a feeding device, and the exhaust unit is connected to a negative pressure device that communicates with the main pipe.

Images