Wind erosion simulation experiment device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil wind erosion simulation equipment, and provides a wind erosion simulation experiment device, which comprises a simulation wind tunnel main body with one end provided with a wind supply regulation and control assembly and the other end provided with an air outlet; the experiment bed is arranged in the simulation wind tunnel body and used for bearing a soil sample, and an angle regulation and control assembly is arranged between the experiment bed and the simulation wind tunnel body and used for adjusting the angle, facing the wind supply regulation and control assembly, of the experiment bed; the sand collection metering assembly comprises a plurality of sand collection boxes, the sand collection boxes are fixed at different heights through a supporting mechanism, air guiding pipes are arranged on the sand collection boxes, and the air guiding pipes are located at different heights, located at the air outlet end of the simulation wind tunnel body and face the air supply regulation and control assembly; the sand collecting box is used for quantitatively collecting soil particles carried in the wind erosion process in a grading mode. According to the invention, high integration of wind erosion simulation, graded sand collection, real-time weighing and data acquisition is realized, and an efficient tool is provided for research of a soil wind erosion mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of soil wind erosion simulation equipment, and particularly relates to a wind erosion simulation experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] Soil wind erosion is a major process of land degradation and dust storm formation in arid and semi-arid regions, seriously threatening agricultural production and ecological security. To further study its mechanisms and evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures, controlled simulation experiments are often conducted in indoor wind tunnels. A sand collector is the core equipment in wind erosion experiments, used to collect and quantify soil particles transported by the wind.

[0003] Most common sand collectors currently available are single collection boxes or simple layered designs, which have the following shortcomings: 1. Limited particle separation capability: Most sand collectors cannot effectively distinguish particles in different motion states such as jumping, creeping, and suspension during the collection process, affecting the detailed analysis of the wind-blown sand flow structure; 2. Low degree of automation in measurement: The weight of collected sand mostly relies on manual weighing after the experiment, which cannot record the dynamic changes of the wind erosion process in real time, and it is also difficult to synchronize with wind field data; 3. Insufficient installation flexibility: The height of the sand collector is inconvenient to adjust, making it difficult to arrange multiple sampling points at different heights in the same experiment, which limits the acquisition of vertical profile data; 4. Low system integration: Wind tunnels, experimental beds, sand collectors, wind speed measurement, etc. are often separate units, with weak collaborative control and data fusion capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wind erosion simulation experimental device to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the goal of integrating an adjustable angle experimental bed, wind speed monitoring, multi-height sand box synchronous data collection, built-in particle classification and real-time weighing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: a wind erosion simulation experimental device, comprising: The simulated wind tunnel body has an air supply control component at one end and an air outlet at the other end. An experimental bed is set inside the simulated wind tunnel body. The experimental bed is used to carry soil samples to simulate the surface cover state. An angle adjustment component is set between the experimental bed and the simulated wind tunnel body to adjust the angle of the experimental bed toward the air supply control component. The sand collection and metering component includes multiple sand collection boxes, which are fixed at different heights by a support mechanism. Each sand collection box is equipped with an air intake pipe, which is located at different heights and at the air outlet end of the simulated wind tunnel body, facing the air supply control component. The sand collection box is used to quantitatively and grade the soil particles transported during wind erosion.

[0006] Preferably, a partition is vertically fixedly connected inside the sand collection box. The partition is used to divide the sand collection box into a first diffusion chamber and a second diffusion chamber. A ventilation gap is provided between the top of the partition and the inner top of the sand collection box. The first diffusion chamber and the second diffusion chamber are connected through the ventilation gap. The end of the second diffusion chamber away from the partition is connected to the air intake pipe. A large particle separation component is provided inside the second diffusion chamber. An exhaust pipe is fixedly embedded in the top of the first diffusion chamber. The bottom of the exhaust pipe is located near the bottom of the sand collection box.

[0007] Preferably, the large particle separation component includes a baffle that is vertically fixedly connected in the second diffusion chamber. The baffle is located between the air intake pipe and the partition, and the baffle is located on the upper inner side of the second diffusion chamber. The top of the baffle is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the sand collection box, and the bottom of the baffle is located below the air intake pipe. A flow guide plate is provided inside the second diffusion cavity. The high end of the flow guide plate is fixedly connected to the partition plate, and the bottom end of the flow guide plate is located below the baffle plate.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the first diffusion cavity and the second diffusion cavity are respectively provided with an opening, and a bottom cover is detachably connected to the opening. Multiple weight sensors are fixedly connected to the top of the bottom cover, and a receiving box is placed on the top of the bottom cover through the multiple weight sensors. The two sets of receiving boxes are respectively located in the first diffusion cavity and the second diffusion cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the support mechanism includes a base, on which a support rod is vertically fixedly connected. Multiple fixing sleeves are slidably sleeved on the support rod. Each fixing sleeve is provided with a locking bolt for fixing the height of the fixing sleeve. The sand collection box is fixedly connected to the fixing sleeve through the support rod.

[0010] Preferably, two sets of hinge seats are fixedly connected inside the simulated wind tunnel body. The side of the experimental bed near the air supply control component is hinged between the two hinge seats via a hinge shaft. The hinge shaft is perpendicular to the air flow direction. The angle control component is located between the bottom of the experimental bed and the simulated wind tunnel body.

[0011] Preferably, the angle adjustment component includes a lead screw that is horizontally rotatably connected to the bottom inner side of the simulated wind tunnel body. The lead screw is perpendicular to the hinge shaft. One end of the lead screw is connected to a motor. A threaded sleeve is fitted on the lead screw. A connecting rod is hinged between the threaded sleeve and the bottom of the experimental bed.

[0012] Preferably, the air supply control component includes a fan, which is fixedly connected to the side of the simulated wind tunnel body away from the air outlet end. The air outlet end of the fan is provided with a shunting cover, which is used to blow a smooth and uniform airflow toward the experimental bed.

[0013] Preferably, the fairing includes a housing, which is fixedly fitted onto the air outlet end of the fan, and multiple guide plates are fixedly connected inside the housing along the air outlet direction of the fan.

[0014] Preferably, a wind speed monitor is fixedly connected inside the simulated wind tunnel body, and the wind speed monitor is used to monitor the airflow velocity blowing towards the experimental bed.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: 1. By setting up sand collection boxes that can separate coarse and fine particles, this invention can more precisely analyze the transport patterns of particles of different sizes in wind-blown sand flows. At the same time, by flexibly adjusting the arrangement of multiple sand collection boxes at different heights through the support mechanism, it can simultaneously measure the wind erosion sand transport rate in the vertical direction and obtain more comprehensive information on the structure of wind-blown sand flows.

[0016] 2. Each sand collection box of the present invention can monitor the weight changes of particles of different heights and types in real time while collecting coarse and fine particles in stages, thereby improving the timeliness and accuracy of data. The simulation experimental device of the present invention integrates wind tunnel simulation, angle adjustment, wind speed monitoring, graded sand collection and weighing, realizing an integrated experimental platform for the entire process from wind erosion to particle collection and data recording.

[0017] 3. In this invention, the angle of the experimental bed is adjustable through the angle control component, and the wind speed is controllable, which improves the reproducibility and comparability of the experiment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sandbox of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the support mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a left view of the support mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5This is a right view of the fairing of the present invention; The components include: 1. Simulated wind tunnel main body; 2. Fan; 3. Fairing; 4. Wind speed monitor; 5. Hinge seat; 6. Experimental bed; 7. Pointer; 8. Motor; 9. Lead screw; 10. Threaded sleeve; 11. Connecting rod; 12. Air intake pipe; 13. Support rod; 14. Base; 15. Rotary seat; 16. Fixing sleeve; 17. Locking bolt; 18. Support rod; 19. Sand collection box; 20. Partition plate; 21. Baffle plate; 22. Guide plate; 23. Container box; 24. First diffuser chamber; 25. Second diffuser chamber; 26. Exhaust pipe; 27. Bottom cover; 28. Weight sensor; 31. Housing; 32. Guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Reference Figures 1-5 The present invention provides a wind erosion simulation experimental device, comprising: The simulated wind tunnel body 1 has an air supply control component at one end and an air outlet at the other end. Experimental bed 6 is set inside the simulated wind tunnel body 1. Experimental bed 6 is used to carry soil samples to simulate the surface cover state. An angle adjustment component is set between experimental bed 6 and simulated wind tunnel body 1 to adjust the angle of experimental bed 6 toward the air supply control component. The sand collection and metering component includes multiple sand collection boxes 19, which are fixed at different heights by a support mechanism. Each sand collection box 19 is equipped with an air intake pipe 12. The multiple air intake pipes 12 are located at different heights and are located at the air outlet end of the simulated wind tunnel body 1 and facing the air supply control component. The sand collection box 19 is used to quantitatively and grade the soil particles transported during wind erosion.

[0023] The main function of the air supply control component is to smoothly blow airflow onto the experimental bed 6, and to monitor and control the airflow velocity. The main function of the experimental bed 6 is to flexibly carry different soil samples and simulate various surface cover states according to experimental needs. The main function of the angle control component is to adjust the tilt angle of the experimental bed 6 to simulate different slope terrains. The main function of the sand collection box 19 is to separate and collect coarse and fine sand particles in the sand-laden airflow. The main function of the air intake pipe 12 is to pour the sand-laden airflow into the sand collection box 19. The main function of the support mechanism is to fix the sand collection box 19 at different heights according to experimental needs, so that the air intake pipes 12 on each sand collection box 19 can be arranged at different heights at the air outlet end of the simulated wind tunnel body 1, thereby achieving the purpose of sampling at multiple different heights simultaneously. Overall, this invention can analyze the transport patterns of particles of different sizes in wind-blown sand flows more precisely. By flexibly adjusting the arrangement of multiple sand collection boxes at different heights through the support mechanism, it can simultaneously measure the wind erosion sand transport rate in the vertical direction and obtain more comprehensive information on the structure of wind-blown sand flows. At the same time, the experimental device of this invention integrates wind tunnel simulation, angle adjustment, wind speed monitoring, graded sand collection and weighing, realizing an integrated experimental platform for the entire process from wind erosion to particle collection and data recording.

[0024] In a further optimized design, a partition 20 is vertically fixedly connected inside the sand collection box 19. The partition 20 is used to divide the sand collection box 19 into a first diffusion chamber 24 and a second diffusion chamber 25. A ventilation gap is provided between the top of the partition 20 and the inner top of the sand collection box 19. The first diffusion chamber 24 and the second diffusion chamber 25 are connected through the ventilation gap. The end of the second diffusion chamber 25 away from the partition 20 is connected to the air intake pipe 12. A large particle separation component is provided inside the second diffusion chamber 25. An exhaust pipe 26 is fixedly embedded in the top of the first diffusion chamber 24, and the bottom of the exhaust pipe 26 is located near the bottom of the sand collection box 19.

[0025] Further optimization of the scheme: the large particle separation component includes a baffle 21 vertically fixedly connected in the second diffusion chamber 25. The baffle 21 is located between the air intake pipe 12 and the partition 20, and the baffle 21 is located in the upper inner part of the second diffusion chamber 25. The top of the baffle 21 is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the sand collection box 19, and the bottom of the baffle 21 is located below the air intake pipe 12. A flow guide plate 22 is provided inside the second diffusion cavity 25. The high end of the flow guide plate 22 is fixedly connected to the partition plate 20, and the bottom end of the flow guide plate 22 is located below the baffle plate 21.

[0026] like Figure 2As shown, the sand collection box 19 is equipped with a partition 20, which divides it into a first diffusion chamber 24 and a second diffusion chamber 25. The second diffusion chamber 25 is connected to the air intake pipe 12 and has a baffle 21 and a guide plate 22 inside, forming a large particle separation component. After the sand-laden airflow enters through the air intake pipe 12, coarse particles impact the baffle 21 due to inertia and fall downwards along the guide plate 22. Fine particles, guided by the airflow through the guide plate 22, enter the first diffusion chamber 24 through the top ventilation gap, and finally settle downwards after the chamber expands and decelerates, achieving the separation and collection of coarse and fine particles. The airflow enters from the bottom of the exhaust pipe 26 and is finally discharged from the sand collection box 19.

[0027] In a further optimized design, the bottom of the first diffusion cavity 24 and the second diffusion cavity 25 are respectively provided with openings, and a bottom cover 27 is detachably connected to the opening. Multiple weight sensors 28 are fixedly connected to the top of the bottom cover 27, and a receiving box 23 is placed on the top of the bottom cover 27 through the multiple weight sensors 28. The two sets of receiving boxes 23 are located in the first diffusion cavity 24 and the second diffusion cavity 25 respectively.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the top opening of the receiving box 23 allows it to be inserted upwards through the bottom opening of the sand collection box 19, and it can communicate with the interior of the first diffusion chamber 24 or the second diffusion chamber 25 to collect dust particles. In this embodiment, the bottom cover 27 is threaded into the bottom opening of the sand collection box 19, thereby supporting the receiving box 23 inside the sand collection box 19. The weight sensor 28 can monitor the weight changes of different particle types in real time.

[0029] To further optimize the solution, this embodiment also includes an external acquisition system (not shown in the figure), and the data from the weight sensor 28 can be connected to the external acquisition system for recording.

[0030] The scheme is further optimized. The support mechanism includes a base 14, a support rod 13 is vertically fixedly connected to the base 14, a plurality of fixed sleeves 16 are slidably sleeved on the support rod 13, a locking bolt 17 for locking the height of the fixed sleeve 16 is provided on the fixed sleeve 16, and a sand collection box 19 is fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve 16 through a support rod 18.

[0031] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, three sets of sand collection boxes 19 are provided. The sand collection boxes 19 on the two adjacent fixed sleeves 16 are positioned on both sides of the support rod 13, allowing for a larger height adjustment space for the sand collection boxes 19. This effectively avoids interference between the upper and lower sand collection boxes 19, thus enabling a greater adjustment range for the height of each air intake pipe 12. Once the position of the sand collection box 19 is determined, the locking bolt 17 is tightened so that the threaded end of the locking bolt 17 abuts against the support rod 13, thereby locking the position of the fixed sleeve 16.

[0032] The scheme was further optimized. Two sets of hinge seats 5 were fixedly connected inside the main body 1 of the simulated wind tunnel. The experimental bed 6 was hinged between the two hinge seats 5 on the side near the air supply control component. The hinge shaft was perpendicular to the air flow direction. The angle control component was set at the bottom of the experimental bed 6 between the main body 1 of the simulated wind tunnel.

[0033] Further optimization of the scheme: the angle control component includes a lead screw 9 that is horizontally rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner side of the simulated wind tunnel body 1. The lead screw 9 is set perpendicular to the hinge shaft. One end of the lead screw 9 is connected to a motor 8. A threaded sleeve 10 is fitted on the lead screw 9. A connecting rod 11 is hinged between the threaded sleeve 10 and the bottom of the experimental bed 6.

[0034] The scheme was further optimized so that two rotating seats 15 were fixedly connected inside the main body 1 of the simulated wind tunnel, and the lead screw 9 was rotatably connected between the two rotating seats 15.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, when it is necessary to tilt the experimental bed 6 towards the air supply control component, the control motor 8 drives the lead screw 9 to rotate. The lead screw 9 drives the threaded sleeve 10 to move to the right through the threaded transmission, and pushes the experimental bed 6 upward through the connecting rod 11, causing the experimental bed 6 to rotate counterclockwise around the hinge axis, thus achieving tilt adjustment. Similarly, controlling the motor 8 to reverse will drive the experimental bed 6 to rotate clockwise.

[0036] To further optimize the design, a pointer 7 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the experimental bed 6 near the hinge seat 5, and the hinge seat 5 is provided with a scale for indicating the tilt angle of the experimental bed 6.

[0037] Further optimization of the scheme: the air supply control component includes a fan 2, which is fixedly connected to the side of the simulated wind tunnel body 1 away from the air outlet. The air outlet of the fan 2 is equipped with a shunting hood 3, which is used to blow a smooth and uniform airflow toward the experimental bed 6.

[0038] Further optimization of the scheme: the fairing 3 includes a housing 31, which is fixedly fitted onto the air outlet end of the fan 2. Multiple guide plates 32 are fixedly connected inside the housing 31 along the air outlet direction of the fan 2.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown in this embodiment, multiple guide plates 32 are arranged in a crisscross pattern to ensure that the airflow passing through the guide plates 32 flows smoothly, better simulating the situation of wind flowing along the ground surface in a real environment.

[0040] The scheme was further optimized by simulating a wind tunnel body 1 with a wind speed monitoring instrument 4 fixedly connected inside. The wind speed monitoring instrument 4 is used to monitor the airflow velocity blowing towards the experimental bed 6.

[0041] In this embodiment, the wind speed monitor 4 is used to monitor the airflow velocity of the fan 2 blowing towards the experimental bed 6 in real time. The wind speed monitor 4 is connected to an external acquisition system and records the changes in the weight of the collected particles and the experimental time in sync.

[0042] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: 1. Lay soil samples on the experimental bed 6, and adjust the tilt angle of the experimental bed 6 according to the set required slope by controlling the motor 8. 2. Adjust each sand collection box 19 to the target height and tighten the locking bolts 17, and adjust the position of the base 14 so that each air intake pipe 12 is at the air outlet of the simulated wind tunnel body 1; 3. Start fan 2 and confirm the wind speed reaches the experimental set value using wind speed monitor 4; 4. Start timing, and simultaneously collect real-time data on wind speed and the weight of the container 23 in each sandbox 19; 5. After the experiment, the air supply was stopped, and the data was exported for analysis. The sand transport rate profile and dynamic process of particles of different heights and sizes can be obtained.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0044] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind erosion simulation experimental device, characterized in that, include: The simulated wind tunnel body (1) is provided with an air supply control component at one end and an air outlet at the other end. Experimental bed (6), the experimental bed (6) is set inside the simulated wind tunnel body (1), the experimental bed (6) is used to carry soil samples, and an angle adjustment component is set between the experimental bed (6) and the simulated wind tunnel body (1) to adjust the angle of the experimental bed (6) toward the air supply adjustment component; The sand collection and metering component includes multiple sand collection boxes (19), which are fixed at different heights by a support mechanism. Each sand collection box (19) is provided with an air intake pipe (12), which is located at different heights and is located at the air outlet end of the simulated wind tunnel body (1) and faces the air supply control component. The sand collection box (19) is used to quantitatively and grade the soil particles transported during wind erosion.

2. The wind erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition (20) is vertically fixed inside the sand collection box (19). The partition (20) is used to divide the sand collection box (19) into a first diffusion chamber (24) and a second diffusion chamber (25). A ventilation gap is provided between the top of the partition (20) and the inner top of the sand collection box (19). The first diffusion chamber (24) and the second diffusion chamber (25) are connected through the ventilation gap. The end of the second diffusion chamber (25) away from the partition (20) is connected to the air intake pipe (12). A large particle separation component is provided inside the second diffusion chamber (25). An exhaust pipe (26) is fixedly embedded in the top of the first diffusion chamber (24). The bottom of the exhaust pipe (26) is located near the bottom of the sand collection box (19).

3. The wind erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The large particle separation component includes a baffle (21) vertically fixedly connected in the second diffusion chamber (25). The baffle (21) is located between the air intake pipe (12) and the partition (20), and the baffle (21) is located on the upper inner side of the second diffusion chamber (25). The top of the baffle (21) is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the sand collection box (19), and the bottom of the baffle (21) is located below the air intake pipe (12). The second diffusion cavity (25) is provided with a flow guide plate (22), the high end of the flow guide plate (22) is fixedly connected to the partition plate (20), and the bottom end of the flow guide plate (22) is located below the baffle plate (21).

4. The wind erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the first diffusion cavity (24) and the second diffusion cavity (25) are respectively provided with an opening. A bottom cover (27) is detachably connected to the opening. Multiple weight sensors (28) are fixedly connected to the top of the bottom cover (27). A container (23) is placed on the top of the bottom cover (27) through the multiple weight sensors (28). The two sets of container (23) are located in the first diffusion cavity (24) and the second diffusion cavity (25) respectively.

5. The wind erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support mechanism includes a base (14), on which a support rod (13) is vertically fixed. Multiple fixing sleeves (16) are slidably sleeved on the support rod (13). Locking bolts (17) for fixing the height of the fixing sleeve (16) are provided on the fixing sleeve (16). The sand collection box (19) is fixedly connected to the fixing sleeve (16) through the support rod (18).

6. The wind erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated wind tunnel body (1) is fixedly connected with two sets of hinge seats (5). The experimental bed (6) is hinged between the two hinge seats (5) on the side near the air supply control component. The hinge shaft is perpendicular to the air flow direction. The angle control component is set between the bottom of the experimental bed (6) and the simulated wind tunnel body (1).

7. The wind erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle control component includes a lead screw (9) that is horizontally rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner side of the simulated wind tunnel body (1). The lead screw (9) is perpendicular to the hinge shaft. One end of the lead screw (9) is connected to a motor (8). A threaded sleeve (10) is fitted on the lead screw (9). A connecting rod (11) is hinged between the threaded sleeve (10) and the bottom of the experimental bed (6).

8. The wind erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply control component includes a fan (2), which is fixedly connected to the side of the simulated wind tunnel body (1) away from the air outlet. The air outlet of the fan (2) is provided with a shunting hood (3), which is used to make the airflow smooth and uniform towards the experimental bed (6).

9. The wind erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fairing (3) includes a housing (31), which is fixedly fitted onto the air outlet end of the fan (2). Multiple guide plates (32) are fixedly connected inside the housing (31) along the air outlet direction of the fan (2).

10. The wind erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A wind speed monitor (4) is fixedly connected inside the main body (1) of the simulated wind tunnel. The wind speed monitor (4) is used to monitor the airflow velocity blowing toward the experimental bed (6).

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