Self-adaptive dry-wet weighing and collecting method and system for aquatic plants in rivers and lakes

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of aquatic plant collection and treatment devices, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive dry-wet weighing and collecting method and system for aquatic plants in rivers and lakes. According to the method, the clean degree of a sample is improved through the measures of selecting a collection area, cleaning floating sundries and then conducting salvage and collection, the wet weight is weighed in a water draining mode, drying is conducted after the wet weight is weighed, and the dry weight is weighed, the invention further provides a collection and weighing system, collection is conducted through a collection ship bearing a collection device, and the collection efficiency is improved. The aquatic plants can be effectively collected, the cut uniformity is improved, and violent harvesting is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of aquatic plant collection and processing devices, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive dry and wet weighing collection method and system for aquatic plants in rivers and lakes. BACKGROUND

[0002] The biomass of aquatic plants is an important indicator for determining the pros and cons of the ecological environment of a water area. The method for measurement is to demarcate a small area of collection in a selected water area, collect aquatic plants in the collection area, and weigh the wet weight and dry weight of the aquatic plants in the collection area, so as to provide a reference index for the pros and cons of the ecological environment of the water area.

[0003] After collection, the water adhering to the outer surface of the sample needs to be removed, the wet weight is weighed, and the dry weight is weighed by heating and drying the sample, so as to obtain the weight parameter of the aquatic plant sample. Therefore, the cutting port should be ensured to be neat during collection, and violent collection should be avoided to prevent the plant from being broken and the internal water from being lost, so as to ensure the relative accuracy of the wet weight weighing. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides a self-adaptive dry and wet weighing collection method and system for aquatic plants in rivers and lakes, which can effectively collect aquatic plants and improve the neatness of the cut.

[0005] The specific technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

[0006] A self-adaptive dry and wet weighing collection method for aquatic plants in rivers and lakes comprises the following steps,

[0007] S1. Demarcating a collection area in a selected river or lake water area and cleaning floating debris;

[0008] S2. Salvaging and collecting aquatic plants in the collection area;

[0009] S3. Dripping surface water from the collected aquatic plant sample and weighing the wet weight;

[0010] S4. Drying the plant sample after weighing the wet weight, weighing the dry weight, and completing the weighing of the aquatic plant sample.

[0011] The drying standard of the aquatic plant sample in the step S4 is to complete drying when the water content is 8%-15% after drying, or to complete drying when the weight change is less than 1% within 15 min at a temperature of 70-80 DEG C.

[0012] The system comprises a collection ship, a drying device and a weighing device, the front end of the collection ship is provided with a collection device, the collection device comprises a rack, a collection swing arm assembly and a conveying belt, the rack is fixedly connected with the collection ship, the overhanging end of the rack supports the collection swing arm assembly, the collection swing arm assembly comprises a support seat, a slide rail, an extension tray and a sickle arm, the support seat is in a rectangular frame structure and is fixedly connected with the overhanging end of the rack in an inclined direction, the slide rail is arranged on the two sides of the support seat, the extension tray is slidably connected with the slide rail, an opening serving as an aquatic plant inlet is formed on the extension tray, the conveying belt is arranged below the opening, an eccentric wheel disc is arranged on the extension tray, the eccentric wheel disc has a rotating freedom relative to the extension tray by the driving of a rotating motor, the eccentric wheel disc is drivingly connected with the sickle arm through a connecting arm, one end of the connecting arm is eccentrically hinged with the eccentric wheel disc, the other end of the connecting arm is fixedly connected with the sickle arm, a limiting sliding groove is arranged between the two ends of the connecting arm, a limiting bolt rod is arranged on the extension tray and inserted into the limiting sliding groove to form a slidable limiting fit.

[0013] The sickle arm comprises an arm rod fixedly connected with the connecting arm, a baffle arranged above the arm rod and a sickle blade arranged at the lower end of the arm rod, the sickle blade forms a shearing fit with the lower edge of the extension tray during the swinging of the sickle arm.

[0014] The arm rod is in a groove structure, the groove opening of the groove structure faces the upper side of the inclined direction of the extension tray, and the groove structure is filled with an elastic layer, so that the groove opening of the groove structure is flush with the baffle.

[0015] The extension tray is further connected with an extension driving mechanism, the extension driving mechanism comprises a screw rod driven by an extension motor and a sliding sleeve arranged on the screw rod, and the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the extension tray.

[0016] One end of the conveying belt is located below the opening, and the other end of the conveying belt extends into the cabin of the collection ship.

[0017] The drying device comprises a centrifugal dryer and a drying machine, and the weighing device is an electronic scale.

[0018] The present application has the following advantages:

[0019] The present application provides a dry and wet collection and weighing method for aquatic plants in rivers and lakes, the sample cleanliness is improved by selecting a collection area, cleaning floating sundries and then salvaging and collecting, the wet weight is measured by draining water, the dry weight is measured after drying after the wet weight is measured, and the present application further provides a collection and weighing system, the collection device is carried by a collection ship to effectively collect aquatic plants, improve the cutting neatness and avoid violent collection.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection device of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the collection device from the top;

[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of A-A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the telescopic tray when extended;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the scythe arm when swinging;

[0026] In the drawings, 1 is a collection boat, 2 is a rack, 3 is a conveyor belt, 4 is a cantilever end, 5 is a support seat, 6 is a sliding rail, 7 is a telescopic tray, 8 is a scythe arm, 9 is an opening, 10 is an eccentric disc, 11 is a rotary motor, 12 is a connecting arm, 13 is a limiting sliding slot, 14 is a limiting bolt rod, 15 is an arm rod, 16 is a baffle, 17 is a scythe blade, 18 is a lower side edge, 19 is an elastic layer, 20 is a telescopic motor, 21 is a screw rod, 22 is a sliding sleeve, and 23 is a baffle edge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0028] The specific embodiments shown in the drawings disclose a self-adaptive dry and wet weighing collection method for aquatic plants in rivers and lakes, which comprises the following steps, Figure 1

[0029] S1. A collection area is demarcated in a selected river or lake water area, and floating debris is cleaned up;

[0030] S2. Aquatic plants in the collection area are fished and collected;

[0031] S3. The collected aquatic plant samples are drained of surface moisture and weighed for wet weight;

[0032] S4. The plant samples weighed for wet weight are dried, weighed for dry weight, and the weighing of the aquatic plant samples for this time is completed.

[0033] The drying standard for the aquatic plant samples in step S4 is to complete drying when the water content is 8%-15% after drying, or to complete drying when the weight change is less than 1% within 15 minutes at a temperature of 70-80℃.

[0034] This invention also discloses a collection and weighing system for implementing the above method. The system includes a collection vessel 1, a drying device, and a weighing device. A collection device is installed at the front end of the collection vessel 1. The collection device includes a frame 2, a collection swing arm assembly, and a conveyor belt 3. The frame 2 is fixedly connected to the collection vessel 1. The cantilevered end 4 of the frame 2 supports the collection swing arm assembly. The collection swing arm assembly includes a support base 5, a slide rail 6, a telescopic material tray 7, and a sickle arm 8. The support base 5 has a rectangular frame structure and is fixedly connected to the cantilevered end 4 of the frame 2 along an inclined direction. The slide rail 6 is arranged on both sides of the support base 5. The telescopic material tray 7 is slidably connected to the slide rail 6. The upper structure has an opening 9 as an inlet for aquatic plants. The conveyor belt 3 is located below the opening 9. An eccentric wheel 10 is provided on the telescopic material tray 7. The eccentric wheel 10 has a degree of freedom to rotate relative to the telescopic material tray 7 by means of a rotary motor 11. The eccentric wheel 10 is driven to connect to the sickle arm 8 by a connecting arm 12. One end of the connecting arm 12 is eccentrically hinged to the eccentric wheel 10, and the other end of the connecting arm 12 is fixedly connected to the sickle arm 8. A limiting groove 13 is provided between the two ends of the connecting arm 12. A limiting bolt 14 extends from the telescopic material tray 7 and is inserted into the limiting groove 13 to form a sliding limiting fit.

[0035] In use, the weighing system of this invention is operated by personnel who control the collection boat 1 to travel to the designated collection area in the river or lake. For semi-automatic collection, in clear weather, personnel can follow along and collect data using visual images. For fully automatic collection, in inclement weather, to ensure the safety of personnel working in the field, the existing GPS-based collection boat 1 collects data at different points along a set route. After collection is completed, it automatically returns to the original starting point along the set route.

[0036] During control, the extension distance of the telescopic feed disc 7 is controlled, causing the lower edge 18 of the telescopic feed disc 7 to extend below the water surface, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the cutting position is close to the roots of the aquatic plants below the water surface to ensure that as much of the underwater part of the aquatic plants is obtained as possible, thereby increasing the harvest and achieving adaptability to different sampling depths. With the extension of the sickle arm 8, the aquatic plants to be harvested are harvested. With the contraction of the sickle arm 8, the harvested aquatic plants are pushed into the opening 9, which serves as the aquatic plant inlet. The conveyor belt 3 then sends the aquatic plants into the cabin of the collection vessel 1.

[0037] The sickle arm 8 is driven by an eccentric wheel 10. When the eccentric wheel 10 rotates clockwise, as... Figure 6As shown in A and 6B, the sickle arm 8 extends beyond the telescopic material tray 7. As the eccentric wheel 10 continues to rotate, as... Figure 6 As shown in C, the sickle arm 8 with its arc-shaped structure and the connecting arm 12 together form a closed structure around the lower edge 18 of the telescopic feed tray 7, which cuts the aquatic plants enclosed within it. It is especially suitable for harvesting plants such as reeds and cattails that are rooted in the water and extend above the water surface.

[0038] Furthermore, the sickle arm 8 includes an arm rod 15 fixedly connected to the connecting arm 12, a baffle plate 16 disposed above the arm rod 15, and a sickle blade 17 disposed at the lower end of the arm rod 15. The sickle blade 17 and the lower edge 18 of the telescopic material tray 7 form a shearing engagement during the swinging of the sickle arm 8.

[0039] The sickle arm 8 of the present invention swings along with the swinging of the connecting arm 12. The connecting arm 12 achieves the swinging motion by means of the limiting engagement formed by the limiting bolt 14 and the limiting slide groove 13, wherein, as shown in the figure... Figure 3 As shown, the dashed lines represent the limiting bolt 14 and the limiting slide 13.

[0040] Furthermore, the arm 15 has a groove-shaped structure, with the groove opening facing the upper side of the inclined direction of the telescopic material tray 7. The groove-shaped structure is filled with an elastic layer 19, which makes the groove opening of the groove-shaped structure flush with the baffle 16.

[0041] When Figure 6 In the state shown in A, if a large number of aquatic plants are crowded at the opening 9, the sickle arm 8 and its upper baffle 16 will support the plants and squeeze them against the baffle 23 on the other side of the opening 9, allowing the harvested aquatic plants to fall from the opening 9. The elastic layer 19 can prevent the aquatic plants from being excessively squeezed, thus preventing the plants from breaking or being damaged.

[0042] Furthermore, the retraction of the telescopic tray 7 causes the opening 9 to move upward, increasing the space below the opening 9, which facilitates the transport of aquatic plants that are causing blockages along the conveyor belt 3, thus improving the transportability.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the telescopic tray 7 is also connected to a telescopic drive mechanism. The telescopic drive mechanism includes a screw 21 driven by a telescopic motor 20 and a sliding sleeve 22 disposed on the screw 21. The sliding sleeve 22 is fixedly connected to the telescopic tray 7. The control is to control the time or number of rotations of the telescopic motor 20, thereby controlling the extension distance of the telescopic tray 7 to adapt to different sampling depths.

[0044] The screw 21 of the telescopic drive mechanism is parallel to the direction of the slide rail 6, and the telescopic tray 7 is moved by means of the forward and reverse rotation of the telescopic motor 20.

[0045] Further, one end of the conveying belt 3 is located below the opening 9, and the other end extends into the cabin of the collection ship 1. The aquatic plants collected are conveyed into the cabin by the conveying belt 3 for collection.

[0046] The drying device comprises a centrifugal dryer and a drying machine, and the weighing device is an electronic scale. The aquatic plants with skin moisture are centrifugally dried by the centrifugal dryer, so that the wet weight is obtained. The aquatic plants are dried by the drying machine, and the internal moisture is removed to a set value. The dry weight is weighed by the electronic scale, so as to provide a reference index for the advantages and disadvantages of the water ecological environment.

Claims

1. A method for adaptive wet and dry weighing of aquatic plants in rivers and lakes, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1. Delineate the collection area in the selected river or lake area and clear away floating debris; S2. Collect aquatic plants within the collection area; S3. Drain the surface moisture from the collected aquatic plant samples and weigh them wet. S4. After weighing the wet plant sample, dry it and weigh the dry sample to complete the weighing of the aquatic plant sample.

2. The adaptive wet and dry weighing method for river and lake aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying standard for aquatic plant samples in step S4 is to dry them to a moisture content of 8%-15% or to dry them at a temperature of 70-80℃. If the weight change is less than 1% within 15 minutes, then the drying is complete.

3. A system for implementing the method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes a collection vessel (1), a drying device, and a weighing device. The collection vessel (1) is equipped with a collection device at its front end. The collection device includes a frame (2), a collection swing arm assembly, and a conveyor belt (3). The frame (2) is fixedly connected to the collection vessel (1). The cantilever end (4) of the frame (2) supports the collection swing arm assembly. The collection swing arm assembly includes a support base (5), a slide rail (6), a telescopic material tray (7), and a sickle arm (8). The support base (5) has a rectangular frame structure and is fixedly connected to the cantilever end (4) of the frame (2) along the inclined direction. The slide rail (6) is set on both sides of the support base (5). The telescopic material tray (7) is slidably connected to the slide rail (6). The telescopic material tray (7) is constructed with an opening as an inlet for aquatic plants. The conveyor belt (3) is located below the opening (9). An eccentric wheel (10) is provided on the telescopic material tray (7). The eccentric wheel (10) has a degree of freedom to rotate relative to the telescopic material tray (7) by means of a rotary motor (11). The eccentric wheel (10) is connected to the sickle arm (8) by means of a connecting arm (12). One end of the connecting arm (12) is eccentrically hinged to the eccentric wheel (10). The other end of the connecting arm (12) is fixedly connected to the sickle arm (8). A limit groove (13) is provided between the two ends of the connecting arm (12). A limit bolt (14) extends from the telescopic material tray (7). The limit bolt (14) is inserted into the limit groove (13) to form a sliding limit fit.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sickle arm (8) includes an arm rod (15) fixedly connected to the connecting arm (12), a baffle (16) provided above the arm rod (15), and a sickle blade (17) provided at the lower end of the arm rod (15). The sickle blade (17) and the lower edge (18) of the telescopic material tray (7) form a shearing engagement during the swinging of the sickle arm (8).

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The arm (15) has a groove-shaped structure. The groove opening faces the upper side of the inclined direction of the telescopic material tray (7). The groove-shaped structure is filled with an elastic layer (19). The elastic layer (19) fills the groove so that the groove opening is flush with the baffle (16).

6. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic tray (7) is also connected to a telescopic drive mechanism, which includes a screw (21) driven by a telescopic motor (20) and a sliding sleeve (22) disposed on the screw (21). The sliding sleeve (22) is fixedly connected to the telescopic tray (7).

7. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the conveyor belt (3) is located below the opening (9), and the other end extends into the cabin of the collection vessel (1).

8. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drying device includes a centrifugal spin dryer and a dryer, and the weighing device is an electronic scale.

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