Zoom lens

Abstract

The invention discloses a zoom lens. The zoom lens comprises a focusing lens group with negative focal power, a zoom lens group with positive focal power and a fixed lens group with negative focal power which are sequentially arranged from an object plane to an image plane along an optical axis; the fixed lens group is fixedly arranged, and the focusing lens group and the zoom lens group are movably arranged along an optical axis; the focusing lens group comprises a convex-concave first lens with negative focal power, a biconcave second lens with negative focal power and a convex-concave third lens with positive focal power; the zoom lens group comprises a biconvex fourth lens with positive focal power, a convex-concave fifth lens with positive focal power, a convex-concave sixth lens with negative focal power, a convex-concave / plano-concave seventh lens with positive focal power, a convex-concave eighth lens with negative focal power and a convex-concave ninth lens with positive focal power; the fixed lens group includes a concave-convex tenth lens having a negative refractive power. By the adoption of the technical scheme, the zoom lens has the advantages of being small in size, large in aperture, high in image quality and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lens technology, and more particularly to a zoom lens. Background Technology

[0002] In the security field, zoom lenses have been widely used due to their advantages such as long shooting distance and wide shooting angle. With the development of technology, cameras are gradually moving towards miniaturization and refinement, which also puts forward more stringent requirements for mainstream zoom lenses.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream zoom lenses on the market are still 1 / 2.7″, with a magnification of around three times. As the usage environment becomes increasingly complex, the three-times zoom range severely limits its application. Furthermore, traditional zoom lenses suffer from issues such as small aperture and lack of infrared cofocus. Therefore, it is essential to develop a 4K high-magnification zoom lens that is compact, has a large aperture, and features infrared high and low temperature cofocus. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a zoom lens that enables zoom lenses to have advantages such as small size, large aperture, and high image quality, thus meeting usage requirements.

[0005] The present invention provides a zoom lens, comprising: a focusing lens group with negative optical power, a zoom lens group with positive optical power, and a fixed lens group with negative optical power, arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane; the fixed lens group is fixedly disposed, and the focusing lens group and the zoom lens group are movable along the optical axis.

[0006] The focusing lens group includes a first lens with negative optical power, a second lens with negative optical power, and a third lens with positive optical power;

[0007] The zoom lens group includes a fourth lens with positive optical power, a fifth lens with positive optical power, a sixth lens with negative optical power, a seventh lens with positive optical power, an eighth lens with negative optical power, and a ninth lens with positive optical power.

[0008] The fixed lens group includes a tenth lens with negative optical power;

[0009] The object-side surface of the first lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the first lens is concave.

[0010] The object-side surface of the second lens is concave, and the image-side surface of the second lens is also concave.

[0011] The object-side surface of the third lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the third lens is concave.

[0012] The object-side surface of the fourth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the fourth lens is convex.

[0013] The object-side surface of the fifth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the fifth lens is concave.

[0014] The object-side surface of the sixth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the sixth lens is concave.

[0015] The object-side surface of the seventh lens is convex or flat, and the image-side surface of the seventh lens is concave.

[0016] The object-side surface of the eighth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the eighth lens is concave.

[0017] The object-side surface of the ninth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the ninth lens is concave.

[0018] The object-side surface of the tenth lens is concave, and the image-side surface of the tenth lens is convex.

[0019] Optionally, -2.900 ≤ F1 / FW ≤ -2.780;

[0020] 3.196≤F2 / FW≤3.326;

[0021] -30.450≤F3 / FW≤-27.887;

[0022] Wherein, F1 is the focal length of the focusing lens group, F2 is the focal length of the zoom lens group, F3 is the focal length of the fixed lens group, and FW is the focal length of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end.

[0023] Optionally, 1.006 ≤ S1 / S2 ≤ 1.144;

[0024] Wherein, S1 is the maximum distance that the focusing lens group can move, and S2 is the maximum distance that the zoom lens group can move.

[0025] Optionally, the focusing lens group includes at least two plastic aspherical lenses;

[0026] The zoom lens group includes at least two plastic aspherical lenses; and the zoom lens group includes at least one cemented lens group consisting of two glass spherical lenses.

[0027] Optionally, the zoom lens group includes at least one glass aspherical lens, and the fourth lens is a glass aspherical lens;

[0028] 0.680≤AP / ΦG21≤0.691;

[0029] Wherein, AP is the aperture diameter of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end, and ΦG21 is the diameter of the glass aspherical lens.

[0030] Optionally, 0.395≤ΦG1 / TTL≤0.462;

[0031] Wherein, ΦG1 is the diameter of the object side surface of the first lens, and TTL is the total length of the zoom lens.

[0032] Optionally, 4.316 ≤ TTL / S1 ≤ 5.024;

[0033] 4.938≤TTL / S2≤5.052;

[0034] Wherein, TTL is the total length of the zoom lens, S1 is the maximum distance that the focusing lens group can move, and S2 is the maximum distance that the zoom lens group can move.

[0035] Optional, FT / FW ≤ 4.324;

[0036] Wherein, FW is the focal length of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end, and FT is the focal length of the zoom lens at the telephoto end.

[0037] Optionally, the zoom lens may also include an aperture stop;

[0038] The aperture is located in the optical path between the third lens and the fourth lens.

[0039] Optionally, a flat glass plate is also provided along the object plane to the image plane; the flat glass plate is located on the image side of the tenth lens.

[0040] The technical solution of this invention provides a three-element zoom lens that uses 10 lenses to achieve full-band confocal focusing in the 405nm-870nm wavelength range under a 1 / 2.7″ target surface. It is also small in size, has a larger aperture, and higher image quality, making it suitable for a wider range of usage needs.

[0041] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the wide-angle end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the telephoto end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 The axial aberration curve of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end when the object plane is 0.00 degrees.

[0047] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 21.65 degrees.

[0048] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 36.66 degrees.

[0049] Figure 7 for Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane of 52.99 degrees.

[0050] Figure 8 for Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 72.65 degrees.

[0051] Figure 9 for Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 83.60 degrees.

[0052] Figure 10 This is a transverse chromatic aberration diagram of a zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 11 The axial aberration curve of the zoom lens at the telephoto end provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 12 for Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with the object plane at 0.00 degrees.

[0055] Figure 13 for Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 5.00 degrees.

[0056] Figure 14 for Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 8.31 degrees.

[0057] Figure 15 for Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 11.57 degrees.

[0058] Figure 16 for Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 14.80 degrees.

[0059] Figure 17 for Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 16.20 degrees.

[0060] Figure 18 This is a transverse chromatic aberration diagram of a zoom lens at the telephoto end provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the wide-angle end according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the telephoto end according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 21 The axial aberration curve of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 22 for Figure 19 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end when the object plane is 0.00 degrees.

[0065] Figure 23 for Figure 19 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane of 19.74 degrees.

[0066] Figure 24 for Figure 19 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 32.32 degrees.

[0067] Figure 25 for Figure 19 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 47.80 degrees.

[0068] Figure 26 for Figure 19 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane of 74.22 degrees.

[0069] Figure 27 for Figure 19 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 81.18 degrees.

[0070] Figure 28 This is a transverse chromatic aberration diagram of a zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 29 The axial aberration curve of the zoom lens at the telephoto end provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 30 for Figure 20 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with the object plane at 0.00 degrees.

[0073] Figure 31 for Figure 20 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 4.57 degrees.

[0074] Figure 32 for Figure 20 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 7.59 degrees.

[0075] Figure 33 for Figure 20 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 10.58 degrees.

[0076] Figure 34 for Figure 20 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 15.00 degrees.

[0077] Figure 35 for Figure 20 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 15.91 degrees.

[0078] Figure 36 This is a transverse chromatic aberration diagram of a zoom lens at the telephoto end provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 37 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the wide-angle end according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 38 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the telephoto end according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 39 The axial aberration curve of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 40 for Figure 37 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end when the object plane is 0.00 degrees.

[0083] Figure 41 for Figure 37 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 21.65 degrees.

[0084] Figure 42 for Figure 37 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 36.66 degrees.

[0085] Figure 43 for Figure 37 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane of 52.99 degrees.

[0086] Figure 44 for Figure 37 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 72.65 degrees.

[0087] Figure 45 for Figure 37 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 83.60 degrees.

[0088] Figure 46 This is a transverse chromatic aberration diagram of a zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 47 The axial aberration curve of the zoom lens at the telephoto end provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 48 for Figure 38 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with the object plane at 0.00 degrees.

[0091] Figure 49 for Figure 38 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 5.00 degrees.

[0092] Figure 50 for Figure 38 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 8.31 degrees.

[0093] Figure 51 for Figure 38 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 11.57 degrees.

[0094] Figure 52 for Figure 38 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 14.80 degrees.

[0095] Figure 53 for Figure 38 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 16.20 degrees.

[0096] Figure 54 This is a transverse chromatic aberration diagram of the zoom lens at the telephoto end provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0097] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0098] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0099] Example 1

[0100] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the wide-angle end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the telephoto end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the zoom lens includes a focusing lens group G1 with negative optical power, a zoom lens group G2 with positive optical power, and a fixed lens group G3 with negative optical power, arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane. The fixed lens group G3 is fixedly set, while the focusing lens group and the zoom lens group G2 are movable along the optical axis. The focusing lens group G1 includes a first lens 101 with negative optical power, a second lens 102 with negative optical power, and a third lens 103 with positive optical power. The zoom lens group G2 includes a fourth lens 104 with positive optical power, a fifth lens 105 with positive optical power, a sixth lens 106 with negative optical power, a seventh lens 107 with positive optical power, an eighth lens 108 with negative optical power, and a ninth lens 109 with positive optical power. The fixed lens group G3 includes a tenth lens 110 with negative optical power. The object side of the first lens 101 is convex. The image-side surface of lens 101 is concave; the object-side surface of second lens 102 is concave, and the image-side surface of second lens 102 is also concave; the object-side surface of third lens 103 is convex, and the image-side surface of third lens 103 is also concave; the object-side surface of fourth lens 104 is convex, and the image-side surface of fourth lens 104 is also convex; the object-side surface of fifth lens 105 is convex, and the image-side surface of fifth lens 105 is also concave; the object-side surface of sixth lens 106 is convex, and the image-side surface of sixth lens 106 is also concave; the object-side surface of seventh lens 107 is convex, and the image-side surface of seventh lens 107 is also concave; the object-side surface of eighth lens 108 is convex, and the image-side surface of eighth lens 108 is also concave; the object-side surface of ninth lens 109 is convex, and the image-side surface of ninth lens 109 is also concave; the object-side surface of tenth lens 110 is concave, and the image-side surface of tenth lens 110 is also convex.

[0101] In the zoom lens provided in this embodiment, the focusing lens group G1, the zoom lens group G2, and the fixed lens group G3 can be arranged in one lens barrel. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). The fixed lens group G3 is fixed in position within the lens barrel, while the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 can reciprocate along the optical axis within the lens barrel. Through the combined movement of the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2, the focal length of the zoom lens can be continuously varied from wide-angle to telephoto, ensuring high image quality at all focal points while maintaining the miniaturization of the zoom lens.

[0102] Understandably, during the zoom process achieved by moving the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2, the zoom lens is at its shortest focal length, i.e., at the wide-angle end, and at its longest focal length, i.e., at the telephoto end. At the wide-angle end and the telephoto end, the zoom lens has different focal lengths and optical powers, as well as different lengths or shapes.

[0103] Furthermore, optical power is equal to the difference between the convergence of the image-side beam and the convergence of the object-side beam; it characterizes the ability of an optical system to deflect light rays. The larger the absolute value of the optical power, the stronger the bending ability of light rays; the smaller the absolute value, the weaker the bending ability. When the optical power is positive, the refraction of light rays is converging; when the optical power is negative, the refraction of light rays is diverging. Optical power can be used to characterize a single refractive surface of a lens (i.e., one surface of the lens), a single lens, or a system formed by multiple lenses (i.e., a lens group).

[0104] In this embodiment, the focusing lens group G1 has negative optical power, the zoom lens group G2 has positive optical power, and the fixed lens group G3 has negative optical power. The negative optical power of the focusing lens group G1 ensures that the light has a larger aperture before entering the aperture stop STO, increasing the system's aperture. Simultaneously, the fourth lens 104 in the zoom lens group G2 ensures that the light passes smoothly through the aperture stop STO, avoiding stray light such as reflections at the STO position, and also adjusting the aberrations of the optical system to a certain extent, ensuring aberration balance and stable high and low temperature performance. Furthermore, a cemented doublet lens composed of the sixth lens 106 and the seventh lens 107 can effectively correct chromatic aberration of the light passing through the aperture stop STO, ensuring a clear image in the 436-850nm wavelength range. Simultaneously, in conjunction with the aspherical lens in the fixed lens group G3, the tenth lens 110 can eliminate advanced aberrations at the system's tail end to the greatest extent, controlling the target surface while improving image quality and meeting the requirements of various applications.

[0105] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the focusing lens group G1 includes a first lens 101 with negative optical power, a second lens 102 with negative optical power, and a third lens 103 with positive optical power, arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane; the zoom lens group G2 includes a fourth lens 104 with positive optical power, a fifth lens 105 with positive optical power, a sixth lens 106 with negative optical power, a seventh lens 107 with positive optical power, an eighth lens 108 with negative optical power, and a ninth lens 109 with positive optical power, arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane; the fixed lens group G3 includes a tenth lens 110 with negative optical power. The zoom lens provided in this embodiment uses 10 lenses, which is a relatively small number and helps to reduce the lens length. The optical power of each lens group works together to ensure that the zoom lens has a large aperture and a long focal length. At the same time, after light enters through the focusing lens group G1, it can pass smoothly through each lens group, which helps to reduce aberrations and chromatic aberrations in the zoom lens and ensures that the zoom lens has high image quality.

[0106] Furthermore, the object-side surface of the first lens 101 is convex, and the image-side surface of the first lens 101 is concave; the object-side surface of the second lens 102 is concave, and the image-side surface of the second lens 102 is concave; the object-side surface of the third lens 103 is convex, and the image-side surface of the third lens 103 is concave; the object-side surface of the fourth lens 104 is convex, and the image-side surface of the fourth lens 104 is convex; the object-side surface of the fifth lens 105 is convex, and the image-side surface of the fifth lens 105 is concave; the object-side surface of the sixth lens 106 is convex, and the image-side surface of the sixth lens 106 is concave; the object-side surface of the seventh lens 107 is convex, and the image-side surface of the seventh lens 107 is concave; the object-side surface of the eighth lens 108 is convex, and the image-side surface of the eighth lens 108 is concave; the object-side surface of the ninth lens 109 is convex, and the image-side surface of the ninth lens 109 is concave; the object-side surface of the tenth lens 110 is concave, and the image-side surface of the tenth lens 110 is convex. This configuration allows light rays from the object surface to pass smoothly through the lenses within the zoom lens, effectively reducing optical distortion and improving image quality.

[0107] In summary, this invention provides a three-element zoom lens, comprising a focusing lens group G1, a zoom lens group G2, and a fixed lens group G3 arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane. Specifically, it employs 10 lenses, a relatively small number that helps reduce lens length. By rationally combining the focusing lens group G1, the zoom lens group G2, and the fixed lens group G3, along with the optical power and surface shape of each lens, aberrations can be effectively corrected, ensuring image clarity at different focal lengths. Simultaneously, this zoom lens offers advantages such as small size, large aperture, and high image quality, making it suitable for a wider range of applications.

[0108] Optionally, -2.900≤F1 / FW≤-2.780; 3.196≤F2 / FW≤3.326; -30.450≤F3 / FW≤-27.887; where F1 is the focal length of the focusing lens group G1, F2 is the focal length of the zoom lens group G2, F3 is the focal length of the fixed lens group G3, and FW is the focal length of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end. This lens configuration achieves a reasonable balance of optical power, allowing light to pass through the lens more smoothly, significantly correcting the impact of advanced aberrations on image quality, and resolving the image plane drift problem during zooming with short-to-long zoom lenses.

[0109] Optionally, 1.006 ≤ S1 / S2 ≤ 1.144; where S1 is the maximum movable distance of the focusing lens group G1, and S2 is the maximum movable distance of the zoom lens group G2. By controlling the movement range of the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 of the zoom lens, the complete coverage of the preset zoom range can be ensured, the spatial constraints of adapting to short total length conditions can be guaranteed, and image plane shift during zooming can be suppressed, the load and error of the drive mechanism can be reduced, the image clarity in all scenes can be guaranteed, the system-level performance can be optimized, and the clear imaging requirements of the entire focal length range, all scenes, and all environments in the security field can be met.

[0110] Optionally, the focusing lens group G1 contains at least two plastic aspherical lenses; the zoom lens group G2 contains at least two plastic aspherical lenses; and the zoom lens group G2 contains at least one cemented lens group composed of two glass spherical lenses. During zooming, lenses covering a wide spectral range are prone to axial chromatic aberration and magnification chromatic aberration. Cemented lenses effectively compensate for these two types of chromatic aberration. By combining the positive and negative optical powers of the glass lenses, chromatic aberration can be efficiently suppressed, avoiding image problems such as color cast during zooming. Furthermore, compared to using a single lens, a cemented lens group can concentrate multiple lenses into a single lens unit, reducing the overall lens length while ensuring lens centering and consistency. Aspherical lenses can effectively improve the monochromatic aberration of the lens, and when combined with cemented lenses, it can achieve goals such as full-spectrum, full-zoom range chromatic aberration correction, extremely compact size, stable zooming, and controllable cost, meeting the needs of use in various complex environments. The material of the plastic aspherical lens can be any plastic known to those skilled in the art, and this embodiment of the invention will not elaborate on or limit it.

[0111] For example, the sixth lens 106 and the seventh lens 107 form a cemented lens group. Using a cemented lens effectively reduces the air gap between the sixth lens 106 and the seventh lens 107, thereby reducing the overall length of the lens. Furthermore, cemented lenses can be used to minimize or eliminate chromatic aberration, allowing various aberrations in the zoom lens to be fully corrected. With a compact structure, this improves resolution and optimizes optical performance such as distortion and CRA. It also reduces light loss caused by inter-lens reflections, increasing illumination and thus improving image quality and the sharpness of the lens image. In addition, the use of cemented lenses reduces the number of assembly components between the two lenses, simplifying the assembly process in lens manufacturing, reducing costs, and reducing tolerance sensitivity issues such as tilting / eccentricity of the lens unit during assembly.

[0112] Optionally, the second lens 102, third lens 103, fourth lens 104, fifth lens 105, eighth lens 108, ninth lens 109, and tenth lens 110 are all aspherical lenses. Thus, the aspherical lenses used in the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group can correct advanced chromatic aberration and aberrations of the lens, control the aberration balance of each group, ensure that the structure after light enters the aperture stop STO does not produce severe aberrations, and improve the imaging quality of the optical system. Furthermore, the zoom lens group, in conjunction with the aspherical tenth lens 110 in the fixed lens group G3, can minimize advanced aberrations of the lens, increase the lens surface area (size), and improve image quality, meeting the requirements of more usage scenarios.

[0113] Optionally, the zoom lens group G2 may contain at least one glass aspherical lens, and the fourth lens 104 may also be a glass aspherical lens; 0.680 ≤ AP / ΦG21 ≤ 0.691; where AP is the aperture of the STO stop at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens, and ΦG21 is the diameter of the glass aspherical lens. Aspherical lenses have excellent ability to control higher aberrations in the optical system. Using an aspherical lens for the fourth lens 104 can further reduce higher aberrations after light passes through the STO stop, improving the imaging quality of the optical system. Furthermore, glass lenses are not temperature-sensitive; using a glass aspherical lens for the fourth lens 104 allows for more consistent performance of the zoom lens under different temperature conditions, exhibiting stable performance at both high and low temperatures. Glass aspherical lenses combine the high and low temperature stability of glass with the aberration correction capabilities of plastic lenses. After light passes through the STO (Spherical Tolerancing) aperture, it first passes through the glass aspherical lens, preventing excessive and difficult-to-eliminate higher-order aberrations and chromatic aberrations at the lens's rear end. This improves image quality while ensuring the lens's high and low temperature performance. Combined with a size matching the STO aperture, it maximizes light intake, meeting the needs of use in complex environments. The introduction of glass aspherical lenses also significantly corrects chromatic aberration and higher-order aberrations. Compared to plastic aspherical lenses, it offers a wider range of choices and allows for more diverse structural options, enhancing the lens's market competitiveness. The glass aspherical lens is made of various types of glass known to those skilled in the art, and will not be elaborated further in this embodiment.

[0114] Optionally, 0.395 ≤ ΦG1 / TTL ≤ 0.462; where ΦG1 is the diameter of the object-side surface of the first lens 101, and TTL is the total length of the zoom lens. By controlling the relationship between the total lens length and the front port diameter, the aberration surge of the zoom lens is prevented to the greatest extent possible. While meeting performance requirements, the total length is reduced, ensuring consistency across the entire zoom range and adapting to all-weather needs in complex environments.

[0115] Optionally, 4.316 ≤ TTL / S1 ≤ 5.024; 4.938 ≤ TTL / S2 ≤ 5.052; where TTL is the total length of the zoom lens, S1 is the maximum distance that the focusing lens group G1 can move, and S2 is the maximum distance that the zoom lens group G2 can move. Limiting the moving distances of the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2, as well as the total length of the lens, can compress the lens space, ensuring that the required image quality and zoom range are met while maintaining a small lens size.

[0116] Optionally, FT / FW ≤ 4.324; where FW is the focal length of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end, and FT is the focal length of the zoom lens at the telephoto end. By controlling the focal length ratio at the wide-angle and telephoto ends of the lens, the zoom range and focal length range of the lens can be controlled to meet the usage needs under more conditions.

[0117] Optionally, the zoom lens also includes an aperture stop STO; the aperture stop STO is located in the optical path between the third lens 103 and the fourth lens 104.

[0118] The addition of an aperture stop STO allows for adjustment of the beam propagation direction, which is beneficial for improving image quality. The aperture stop STO can be located in the optical path between the third lens 103 and the fourth lens 104, but the specific location of the aperture stop STO is not limited in this embodiment of the invention.

[0119] Optionally, a planar glass CG is also provided along the direction from the object plane to the image plane; the planar glass CG is located on one side of the image side of the tenth lens 110. The planar glass CG can protect the photosensitive chip in the imaging sensor, wherein the photosensitive chip is used to convert the light signal collected by the zoom lens into an electrical signal, thereby ensuring the imaging effect of the zoom lens.

[0120] This invention achieves full-band confocal focusing in the 405nm-870nm wavelength range under a 1 / 2.7″ target surface by allocating parameters such as optical power, surface type, thickness, and material of each lens in the zoom lens. It also features a small size, a larger aperture, and higher image quality, making it suitable for a wider range of applications.

[0121] For example, Table 1 details the specific optical physical parameters of each lens in the zoom lens provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, according to a feasible implementation. The zoom lens in Table 1 corresponds to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The zoom lens shown.

[0122] Table 1 Design values ​​of optical physical parameters for zoom lenses

[0123]

[0124] The surface number is assigned according to the order of the surfaces of each lens. For example, surface number 1 represents the object side of the first lens 101, surface number 2 represents the image side of the first lens 101, and so on. The radius of curvature represents the curvature of the lens surface. A positive value means that the surface bends towards the image plane, and a negative value means that the surface bends towards the object plane. INF represents an infinite radius of curvature. The thickness represents the central axial distance between the current surface and the next surface. The units of the radius of curvature and the thickness are millimeters (mm). The material (nd) is the refractive index, which represents the ability of the material between the current surface and the next surface to deflect light. A space indicates that the current position is air and the refractive index is 1. The material (vd) is the dispersion coefficient, which represents the dispersion characteristics of the material between the current surface and the next surface. A space indicates that the current position is air. STO represents the aperture stop.

[0125] Table 2 shows the design parameters for the zoom interval at the wide-angle and telephoto ends of a zoom lens corresponding to Table 1.

[0126] Table 2 Design values ​​for the variable pitch at the wide-angle and telephoto ends of zoom lenses

[0127]

[0128] Table 3 shows the aspheric coefficient values ​​used in Example 1.

[0129] Table 3 Aspherical coefficients of a zoom lens

[0130]

[0131] Where 1.79251185413251E-04 indicates that the coefficient a4 of face number 3 is 1.79251185413251 * 10 -4 And so on.

[0132] The k values ​​in Table 3 represent the numerical values ​​of the best-fit conic coefficients for the aspheric surface. The conic coefficients of the aspheric surface can be defined using the following aspheric formula, but are not limited to the following representations:

[0133] ;

[0134] Where Z is the axial sagitta in the z-direction of the aspherical surface; y is the height of the aspherical surface; c is the curvature of the fitted sphere, numerically the reciprocal of the radius of curvature; k is the fitted conic coefficient; a4, a6, a8, a 10 a 12 a 14 a 16 These are the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, and 16th orders of aspherical polynomials, respectively.

[0135] Based on the above parameter design, Table 4 shows the lens parameters of the zoom lens implemented in this embodiment.

[0136] Table 4 Lens parameters of zoom lenses

[0137]

[0138] Figure 3 This is the axial aberration curve at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The vertical direction represents the normalized aperture, 0 indicates it is on the optical axis, and the vertex in the perpendicular direction represents the maximum pupil radius; the dominant wavelength is 546.074 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in millimeters (mm). Figure 3 It can be seen that the axial aberrations under full pupil at different wavelengths are all controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the zoom lens achieves good control over the transverse chromatic aberration at the wide-angle end. In addition, under full pupil, there is no significant chromatic aberration between visible light and infrared light, meeting the basic requirement of clear imaging at night and achieving a clear image across the entire wavelength range.

[0139] Figures 4 to 9 for Figure 1 The ray fan diagram shown is for the wide-angle end of the zoom lens. Figures 4 to 9 As shown, in a single graph, the horizontal axis represents the normalized beam aperture, and the vertical axis represents the transverse aberration. Ray fan plots are a commonly used evaluation method for optical designers. Ideally, each curve should perfectly coincide with the horizontal axis, at which point all rays in that field of view focus at the same point on the image plane; the vertical axis in a single image can also represent the maximum dispersion range of the beam on the ideal image plane. Ray fan plots can reflect not only monochromatic aberrations at different wavelengths but also the magnitude of transverse chromatic aberration. Figures 4 to 9 It can be seen that this zoom lens closely approximates the horizontal axis at all wavelengths across all fields of view, indicating that its transverse aberrations at all wavelengths are well corrected. Furthermore, the curves for each color do not show significant dispersion, indicating that this zoom lens also effectively corrects chromatic aberration, ensuring the imaging requirement of sharp images across the entire wavelength range. Figure 4 for Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end when the object plane is 0.00 degrees. Figure 5 for Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 21.65 degrees. Figure 6 for Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 36.66 degrees. Figure 7 for Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 52.99 degrees. Figure 8 for Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 72.65 degrees. Figure 9for Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 83.60 degrees. Figures 4 to 9 Curves for light with wavelengths of 435nm, 486nm, 546nm, 588nm, 656nm, and 850nm are shown, with a maximum scaling of ±100.000μm.

[0140] Figure 10 This is a transverse chromatic aberration diagram of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The vertical direction represents the field of view, 0 indicates on the optical axis, and the vertex in the transverse direction represents the maximum pupil radius; the dominant wavelength is 546.074 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in micrometers (µm). Figure 10 It can be seen that the transverse chromatic aberration of different wavelengths is controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the transverse chromatic aberration of the zoom lens is well controlled at the wide-angle end, which can meet the requirements of wide spectrum application across the entire wavelength range.

[0141] Figure 11 This is the axial aberration curve at the telephoto end of the zoom lens provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The vertical direction represents the normalized aperture, 0 indicates it is on the optical axis, and the vertex in the perpendicular direction represents the maximum pupil radius; the dominant wavelength is 546.074 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in millimeters (mm). Figure 11 It can be seen that the axial aberrations under full pupil at different wavelengths are all controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the zoom lens achieves good control over transverse chromatic aberration at the telephoto end. Furthermore, under full pupil, there is no significant chromatic aberration between visible and infrared light, meeting the basic requirement for clear nighttime imaging and achieving a clear image across the entire wavelength range.

[0142] Figures 12 to 17 for Figure 2 The ray fan diagram at the telephoto end of the zoom lens shown is as follows: Figures 12 to 17 As shown, in a single graph, the horizontal axis represents the normalized beam aperture, and the vertical axis represents the transverse aberration. Ray fan plots are a commonly used evaluation method for optical designers. Ideally, each curve should perfectly coincide with the horizontal axis, at which point all rays in that field of view focus at the same point on the image plane; the vertical axis in a single image can also represent the maximum dispersion range of the beam on the ideal image plane. Ray fan plots can reflect not only monochromatic aberrations at different wavelengths but also the magnitude of transverse chromatic aberration. Figures 12 to 17 It can be seen that this zoom lens closely approximates the horizontal axis at all wavelengths across all fields of view, indicating that its transverse aberrations at all wavelengths are well corrected. Furthermore, the curves for each color do not show significant dispersion, indicating that this zoom lens also effectively corrects chromatic aberration, ensuring the imaging requirement of sharp images across the entire wavelength range. Figure 12 for Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with the object plane at 0.00 degrees. Figure 13 for Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 5.00 degrees. Figure 14 for Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 8.31 degrees. Figure 15 for Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 11.57 degrees. Figure 16 for Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 14.80 degrees. Figure 17 for Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 16.20 degrees. Figures 12 to 17 Curves for light with wavelengths of 435nm, 486nm, 546nm, 588nm, 656nm, and 850nm are shown, with a maximum scaling of ±100.000μm.

[0143] Figure 18 This is the transverse chromatic aberration diagram of the zoom lens at the telephoto end provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, by... Figure 18 It can be seen that the transverse chromatic aberration at different wavelengths is controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the transverse chromatic aberration of the zoom lens is well controlled at the telephoto end, which can meet the requirements of wide spectrum application across the entire wavelength range.

[0144] Example 2

[0145] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the wide-angle end according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the telephoto end according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 19 and Figure 20As shown, the zoom lens includes a focusing lens group G1 with negative optical power, a zoom lens group G2 with positive optical power, and a fixed lens group G3 with negative optical power, arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane. The fixed lens group G3 is fixedly set, while the focusing lens group and the zoom lens group G2 are movable along the optical axis. The focusing lens group G1 includes a first lens 201 with negative optical power, a second lens 202 with negative optical power, and a third lens 203 with positive optical power. The zoom lens group G2 includes a fourth lens 204 with positive optical power, a fifth lens 205 with positive optical power, a sixth lens 206 with negative optical power, a seventh lens 207 with positive optical power, an eighth lens 208 with negative optical power, and a ninth lens 209 with positive optical power. The fixed lens group G3 includes a tenth lens 210 with negative optical power. The object side of the first lens 201 is convex. The image-side surface of lens 201 is concave; the object-side surface of second lens 202 is concave, and the image-side surface of second lens 202 is also concave; the object-side surface of third lens 203 is convex, and the image-side surface of third lens 203 is also concave; the object-side surface of fourth lens 204 is convex, and the image-side surface of fourth lens 204 is also convex; the object-side surface of fifth lens 205 is convex, and the image-side surface of fifth lens 205 is also concave; the object-side surface of sixth lens 206 is convex, and the image-side surface of sixth lens 206 is also concave; the object-side surface of seventh lens 207 is convex, and the image-side surface of seventh lens 207 is also concave; the object-side surface of eighth lens 208 is convex, and the image-side surface of eighth lens 208 is also concave; the object-side surface of ninth lens 209 is convex, and the image-side surface of ninth lens 209 is also concave; the object-side surface of tenth lens 210 is concave, and the image-side surface of tenth lens 210 is also convex.

[0146] For example, Table 5 details the specific optical physical parameters of each lens in the zoom lens provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, according to a feasible implementation. The zoom lens in Table 5 corresponds to... Figure 19 and Figure 20 The zoom lens shown.

[0147] Table 5 Design values ​​of optical physical parameters of zoom lenses

[0148]

[0149] The surface number is assigned according to the order of the surfaces of each lens. For example, surface number 1 represents the object side of the first lens 201, surface number 2 represents the image side of the first lens 201, and so on. The radius of curvature represents the curvature of the lens surface. A positive value means that the surface bends towards the image plane, and a negative value means that the surface bends towards the object plane. INF represents an infinite radius of curvature. The thickness represents the central axial distance between the current surface and the next surface. The units of the radius of curvature and the thickness are millimeters (mm). The material (nd) is the refractive index, which represents the ability of the material between the current surface and the next surface to deflect light. A space indicates that the current position is air and the refractive index is 1. The material (vd) is the dispersion coefficient, which represents the dispersion characteristics of the material between the current surface and the next surface. A space indicates that the current position is air. STO represents the aperture stop.

[0150] Table 6 shows the design parameters for the zoom interval at the wide-angle and telephoto ends of a zoom lens corresponding to Table 5.

[0151] Table 6. Design parameters of zoom interval at the wide-angle and telephoto ends of zoom lenses.

[0152]

[0153] Table 7 shows the aspheric coefficient values ​​used in Example 2.

[0154] Table 7 Aspherical coefficients of a zoom lens

[0155]

[0156] Where 5.46158871369138E-05 indicates that the coefficient a4 of face number 3 is 5.46158871369138 * 10 -5 And so on.

[0157] The k values ​​in Table 7 represent the numerical values ​​of the best-fit conic coefficients for the aspheric surface. The conic coefficients of the aspheric surface can be defined using the following aspheric formula, but are not limited to the following representations:

[0158] ;

[0159] Where Z is the axial sagitta in the z-direction of the aspherical surface; y is the height of the aspherical surface; c is the curvature of the fitted sphere, numerically the reciprocal of the radius of curvature; k is the fitted conic coefficient; a4, a6, a8, a 10 a 12 a 14 a 16 These are the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, and 16th orders of aspherical polynomials, respectively.

[0160] Based on the above parameter design, Table 8 shows the lens parameters of the zoom lens implemented in this embodiment two.

[0161] Table 8 Lens parameters of zoom lenses

[0162]

[0163] Figure 21 This is the axial aberration curve at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The vertical direction represents the normalized aperture, 0 indicates it is on the optical axis, and the vertex in the perpendicular direction represents the maximum pupil radius; the dominant wavelength is 546.074 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in millimeters (mm). Figure 21 It can be seen that the axial aberrations under full pupil at different wavelengths are all controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the zoom lens achieves good control over the transverse chromatic aberration at the wide-angle end. In addition, under full pupil, there is no significant chromatic aberration between visible light and infrared light, meeting the basic requirement of clear imaging at night and achieving a clear image across the entire wavelength range.

[0164] Figures 22 to 27 for Figure 19 The ray fan diagram shown is for the wide-angle end of the zoom lens. Figures 22 to 27 As shown, in a single graph, the horizontal axis represents the normalized beam aperture, and the vertical axis represents the transverse aberration. Ray fan plots are a commonly used evaluation method for optical designers. Ideally, each curve should perfectly coincide with the horizontal axis, at which point all rays in that field of view focus at the same point on the image plane; the vertical axis in a single image can also represent the maximum dispersion range of the beam on the ideal image plane. Ray fan plots can reflect not only monochromatic aberrations at different wavelengths but also the magnitude of transverse chromatic aberration. Figures 22 to 27 It can be seen that this zoom lens closely approximates the horizontal axis at all wavelengths across all fields of view, indicating that its transverse aberrations at all wavelengths are well corrected. Furthermore, the curves for each color do not show significant dispersion, indicating that this zoom lens also effectively corrects chromatic aberration, ensuring the imaging requirement of sharp images across the entire wavelength range. Figure 22 for Figure 19 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end when the object plane is 0.00 degrees. Figure 23 for Figure 19 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 19.74 degrees. Figure 24 for Figure 19 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 32.32 degrees. Figure 25 for Figure 19 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 47.80 degrees. Figure 26 for Figure 19 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 74.22 degrees. Figure 27for Figure 19 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 81.18 degrees. Figures 22 to 27 Curves for light with wavelengths of 435nm, 486nm, 546nm, 588nm, 656nm, and 850nm are shown, with a maximum scaling of ±100.000μm.

[0165] Figure 28 This is the transverse chromatic aberration diagram of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The vertical direction represents the field of view, 0 indicates on the optical axis, and the vertex in the transverse direction represents the maximum pupil radius; the dominant wavelength is 546.074 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in micrometers (µm). Figure 28 It can be seen that the transverse chromatic aberration of different wavelengths is controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the transverse chromatic aberration of the zoom lens is well controlled at the wide-angle end, which can meet the requirements of wide spectrum application across the entire wavelength range.

[0166] Figure 29 This is the axial aberration curve at the telephoto end of the zoom lens provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The vertical direction represents the normalized aperture, 0 indicates it is on the optical axis, and the vertex in the perpendicular direction represents the maximum pupil radius; the dominant wavelength is 546.074 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in millimeters (mm). Figure 29 It can be seen that the axial aberrations under full pupil at different wavelengths are all controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the zoom lens achieves good control over transverse chromatic aberration at the telephoto end. Furthermore, under full pupil, there is no significant chromatic aberration between visible and infrared light, meeting the basic requirement for clear nighttime imaging and achieving a clear image across the entire wavelength range.

[0167] Figures 30 to 35 for Figure 20 The ray fan diagram at the telephoto end of the zoom lens shown is as follows: Figures 30 to 35 As shown, in a single graph, the horizontal axis represents the normalized beam aperture, and the vertical axis represents the transverse aberration. Ray fan plots are a commonly used evaluation method for optical designers. Ideally, each curve should perfectly coincide with the horizontal axis, at which point all rays in that field of view focus at the same point on the image plane; the vertical axis in a single image can also represent the maximum dispersion range of the beam on the ideal image plane. Ray fan plots can reflect not only monochromatic aberrations at different wavelengths but also the magnitude of transverse chromatic aberration. Figures 30 to 35 It can be seen that this zoom lens closely approximates the horizontal axis at all wavelengths across all fields of view, indicating that its transverse aberrations at all wavelengths are well corrected. Furthermore, the curves for each color do not show significant dispersion, indicating that this zoom lens also effectively corrects chromatic aberration, ensuring the imaging requirement of sharp images across the entire wavelength range. Figure 30 for Figure 20 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with the object plane at 0.00 degrees. Figure 31 for Figure 20 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 4.57 degrees. Figure 32 for Figure 20 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 7.59 degrees. Figure 33 for Figure 20 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 10.58 degrees. Figure 34 for Figure 20 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 15.00 degrees. Figure 35 for Figure 20 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 15.91 degrees. Figures 30 to 35 Curves for light with wavelengths of 435nm, 486nm, 546nm, 588nm, 656nm, and 850nm are shown, with a maximum scaling of ±100.000μm.

[0168] Figure 36 This is the transverse chromatic aberration diagram of the zoom lens at the telephoto end provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, by... Figure 36 It can be seen that the transverse chromatic aberration at different wavelengths is controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the transverse chromatic aberration of the zoom lens is well controlled at the telephoto end, which can meet the requirements of wide spectrum application across the entire wavelength range.

[0169] Example 3

[0170] Figure 37 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the wide-angle end according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 38 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the telephoto end according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 37 and Figure 38As shown, the zoom lens includes a focusing lens group G1 with negative optical power, a zoom lens group G2 with positive optical power, and a fixed lens group G3 with negative optical power, arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane. The fixed lens group G3 is fixedly set, while the focusing lens group and the zoom lens group G2 are movable along the optical axis. The focusing lens group G1 includes a first lens 301 with negative optical power, a second lens 302 with negative optical power, and a third lens 303 with positive optical power. The zoom lens group G2 includes a fourth lens 304 with positive optical power, a fifth lens 305 with positive optical power, a sixth lens 306 with negative optical power, a seventh lens 307 with positive optical power, an eighth lens 308 with negative optical power, and a ninth lens 309 with positive optical power. The fixed lens group G3 includes a tenth lens 310 with negative optical power. The object side of the first lens 301 is convex. The image-side surface of lens 301 is concave; the object-side surface of second lens 302 is concave, and the image-side surface of second lens 302 is also concave; the object-side surface of third lens 303 is convex, and the image-side surface of third lens 303 is also concave; the object-side surface of fourth lens 304 is convex, and the image-side surface of fourth lens 304 is also convex; the object-side surface of fifth lens 305 is convex, and the image-side surface of fifth lens 305 is also concave; the object-side surface of sixth lens 306 is convex, and the image-side surface of sixth lens 306 is also concave; the object-side surface of seventh lens 307 is convex, and the image-side surface of seventh lens 307 is also concave; the object-side surface of eighth lens 308 is convex, and the image-side surface of eighth lens 308 is also concave; the object-side surface of ninth lens 309 is convex, and the image-side surface of ninth lens 309 is also concave; the object-side surface of tenth lens 310 is concave, and the image-side surface of tenth lens 310 is also convex.

[0171] For example, Table 9 details the specific optical physical parameters of each lens in the zoom lens provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention, according to a feasible implementation. The zoom lens in Table 9 corresponds to... Figure 37 and Figure 38 The zoom lens shown.

[0172] Table 9 Design values ​​of optical physical parameters for zoom lenses

[0173]

[0174] The surface number is assigned according to the order of the surfaces of each lens. For example, surface number 1 represents the object side of the first lens 301, surface number 2 represents the image side of the first lens 301, and so on. The radius of curvature represents the curvature of the lens surface. A positive value means that the surface bends towards the image plane, and a negative value means that the surface bends towards the object plane. INF represents an infinite radius of curvature. The thickness represents the central axial distance between the current surface and the next surface. The units of the radius of curvature and the thickness are millimeters (mm). The material (nd) is the refractive index, which represents the ability of the material between the current surface and the next surface to deflect light. A space indicates that the current position is air and the refractive index is 1. The material (vd) is the dispersion coefficient, which represents the dispersion characteristics of the material between the current surface and the next surface. A space indicates that the current position is air. STO represents the aperture stop.

[0175] Table 10 shows the design parameters for the zoom interval at the wide-angle and telephoto ends of a zoom lens corresponding to Table 9.

[0176] Table 10 Design values ​​for the variable pitch at the wide-angle and telephoto ends of zoom lenses

[0177]

[0178] Table 11 shows the aspheric coefficient values ​​used in Example 3.

[0179] Table 11 Aspherical coefficients of a zoom lens

[0180]

[0181] Where -9.99608787176140E-06 indicates that the coefficient a4 of surface number 3 is -9.99608787176140 * 10 -6 And so on.

[0182] The k values ​​in Table 11 represent the numerical values ​​of the best-fit conic coefficients for the aspheric surface. The conic coefficients of the aspheric surface can be defined using the following aspheric formula, but are not limited to the following representations:

[0183] ;

[0184] Where Z is the axial sagitta in the z-direction of the aspherical surface; y is the height of the aspherical surface; c is the curvature of the fitted sphere, numerically the reciprocal of the radius of curvature; k is the fitted conic coefficient; a4, a6, a8, a 10 a 12 a 14 a 16 These are the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, and 16th orders of aspherical polynomials, respectively.

[0185] Based on the above parameter design, Table 12 shows the lens parameters of the zoom lens implemented in this embodiment three.

[0186] Table 12 Lens parameters of zoom lenses

[0187]

[0188] Figure 39 This is the axial aberration curve at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The vertical direction represents the normalized aperture, 0 indicates it is on the optical axis, and the vertex in the perpendicular direction represents the maximum pupil radius; the dominant wavelength is 546.074 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in millimeters (mm). Figure 39 It can be seen that the axial aberrations under full pupil at different wavelengths are all controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the zoom lens achieves good control over the transverse chromatic aberration at the wide-angle end. In addition, under full pupil, there is no significant chromatic aberration between visible light and infrared light, meeting the basic requirement of clear imaging at night and achieving a clear image across the entire wavelength range.

[0189] Figures 40 to 45 for Figure 37 The ray fan diagram shown is for the wide-angle end of the zoom lens. Figures 40 to 45 As shown, in a single graph, the horizontal axis represents the normalized beam aperture, and the vertical axis represents the transverse aberration. Ray fan plots are a commonly used evaluation method for optical designers. Ideally, each curve should perfectly coincide with the horizontal axis, at which point all rays in that field of view focus at the same point on the image plane; the vertical axis in a single image can also represent the maximum dispersion range of the beam on the ideal image plane. Ray fan plots can reflect not only monochromatic aberrations at different wavelengths but also the magnitude of transverse chromatic aberration. Figures 40 to 45 It can be seen that this zoom lens closely approximates the horizontal axis at all wavelengths across all fields of view, indicating that its transverse aberrations at all wavelengths are well corrected. Furthermore, the curves for each color do not show significant dispersion, indicating that this zoom lens also effectively corrects chromatic aberration, ensuring the imaging requirement of sharp images across the entire wavelength range. Figure 40 for Figure 37 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end when the object plane is 0.00 degrees. Figure 41 for Figure 37 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 21.65 degrees. Figure 42 for Figure 37 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 36.66 degrees. Figure 43 for Figure 37 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 52.99 degrees. Figure 44 for Figure 37 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 72.65 degrees. Figure 45 for Figure 37 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an object plane angle of 83.60 degrees. Figures 40 to 45 Curves for light with wavelengths of 435nm, 486nm, 546nm, 588nm, 656nm, and 850nm are shown, with a maximum scaling of ±100.000μm.

[0190] Figure 46 This is the transverse chromatic aberration diagram of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The vertical direction represents the field of view, 0 indicates on the optical axis, and the vertex in the transverse direction represents the maximum pupil radius; the dominant wavelength is 546.074 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in micrometers (µm). Figure 46 It can be seen that the transverse chromatic aberration of different wavelengths is controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the transverse chromatic aberration of the zoom lens is well controlled at the wide-angle end, which can meet the requirements of wide spectrum application across the entire wavelength range.

[0191] Figure 47 This is the axial aberration curve at the telephoto end of the zoom lens provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The vertical direction represents the normalized aperture, 0 indicates it is on the optical axis, and the vertex in the perpendicular direction represents the maximum pupil radius; the dominant wavelength is 546.074 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in millimeters (mm). Figure 47 It can be seen that the axial aberrations under full pupil at different wavelengths are all controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the zoom lens achieves good control over transverse chromatic aberration at the telephoto end. Furthermore, under full pupil, there is no significant chromatic aberration between visible and infrared light, meeting the basic requirement for clear nighttime imaging and achieving a clear image across the entire wavelength range.

[0192] Figures 48 to 53 for Figure 38 The ray fan diagram at the telephoto end of the zoom lens shown is as follows: Figures 48 to 53 As shown, in a single graph, the horizontal axis represents the normalized beam aperture, and the vertical axis represents the transverse aberration. Ray fan plots are a commonly used evaluation method for optical designers. Ideally, each curve should perfectly coincide with the horizontal axis, at which point all rays in that field of view focus at the same point on the image plane; the vertical axis in a single image can also represent the maximum dispersion range of the beam on the ideal image plane. Ray fan plots can reflect not only monochromatic aberrations at different wavelengths but also the magnitude of transverse chromatic aberration. Figures 48 to 53 It can be seen that this zoom lens closely approximates the horizontal axis at all wavelengths across all fields of view, indicating that its transverse aberrations at all wavelengths are well corrected. Furthermore, the curves for each color do not show significant dispersion, indicating that this zoom lens also effectively corrects chromatic aberration, ensuring the imaging requirement of sharp images across the entire wavelength range. Figure 48 for Figure 38 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with the object plane at 0.00 degrees. Figure 49 for Figure 38 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 5.00 degrees. Figure 50 for Figure 38 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 8.31 degrees. Figure 51 for Figure 38 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 11.57 degrees. Figure 52 for Figure 38 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 14.80 degrees. Figure 53 for Figure 38 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the telephoto end with an object plane angle of 16.20 degrees. Figures 48 to 53 Curves for light with wavelengths of 435nm, 486nm, 546nm, 588nm, 656nm, and 850nm are shown, with a maximum scaling of ±100.000μm.

[0193] Figure 54 This is the transverse chromatic aberration diagram of the zoom lens at the telephoto end provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention, by... Figure 54 It can be seen that the transverse chromatic aberration at different wavelengths is controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the transverse chromatic aberration of the zoom lens is well controlled at the telephoto end, which can meet the requirements of wide spectrum application across the entire wavelength range.

[0194] To provide a clearer explanation of the above embodiments, Table 13 details the specific optical physical parameters of each lens in the zoom lens provided in Embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention, as well as other feasible optical physical parameters.

[0195] Table 13 Design values ​​of optical physical parameters for zoom lenses

[0196]

[0197] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A zoom lens, characterized in that, include: Along the optical axis, from the object plane to the image plane, there are a focusing lens group with negative optical power, a zoom lens group with positive optical power, and a fixed lens group with negative optical power. The fixed lens group is fixedly installed, while the focusing lens group and the zoom lens group are movable along the optical axis; The focusing lens group includes a first lens with negative optical power, a second lens with negative optical power, and a third lens with positive optical power; The zoom lens group includes a fourth lens with positive optical power, a fifth lens with positive optical power, a sixth lens with negative optical power, a seventh lens with positive optical power, an eighth lens with negative optical power, and a ninth lens with positive optical power. The fixed lens group includes a tenth lens with negative optical power; The object-side surface of the first lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the first lens is concave. The object-side surface of the second lens is concave, and the image-side surface of the second lens is also concave. The object-side surface of the third lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the third lens is concave. The object-side surface of the fourth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the fourth lens is convex. The object-side surface of the fifth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the fifth lens is concave. The object-side surface of the sixth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the sixth lens is concave. The object-side surface of the seventh lens is convex or flat, and the image-side surface of the seventh lens is concave. The object-side surface of the eighth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the eighth lens is concave. The object-side surface of the ninth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the ninth lens is concave. The object-side surface of the tenth lens is concave, and the image-side surface of the tenth lens is convex.

2. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, -2.900≤F1 / FW≤-2.780; 3.196≤F2 / FW≤3.326; -30.450≤F3 / FW≤-27.887; Wherein, F1 is the focal length of the focusing lens group, F2 is the focal length of the zoom lens group, F3 is the focal length of the fixed lens group, and FW is the focal length of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end.

3. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, 1.006≤S1 / S2≤1.144; Wherein, S1 is the maximum distance that the focusing lens group can move, and S2 is the maximum distance that the zoom lens group can move.

4. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The focusing lens group contains at least two plastic aspherical lenses; The zoom lens group includes at least two plastic aspherical lenses; and the zoom lens group includes at least one cemented lens group consisting of two glass spherical lenses.

5. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zoom lens group includes at least one glass aspherical lens, and the fourth lens is a glass aspherical lens; 0.680≤AP / ΦG21≤0.691; Wherein, AP is the aperture diameter of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end, and ΦG21 is the diameter of the glass aspherical lens.

6. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, 0.395≤ΦG1 / TTL≤0.462; Wherein, ΦG1 is the diameter of the object side surface of the first lens, and TTL is the total length of the zoom lens.

7. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, 4.316≤TTL / S1≤5.024; 4.938≤TTL / S2≤5.052; Wherein, TTL is the total length of the zoom lens, S1 is the maximum distance that the focusing lens group can move, and S2 is the maximum distance that the zoom lens group can move.

8. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, FT / FW ≤ 4.324; Wherein, FW is the focal length of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end, and FT is the focal length of the zoom lens at the telephoto end.

9. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zoom lens also includes an aperture stop; The aperture is located in the optical path between the third lens and the fourth lens.

10. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flat glass plate is also provided along the object plane to the image plane; the flat glass plate is located on the image side of the tenth lens.

Images