Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with: a reception unit for receiving a channel or signal for sensing; and a control unit that controls the measurement of the channel or signal on the basis of the presence or absence of the application of the measurement gap for perception. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, appropriate perception and communication can be performed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Long Term Evolution (LTE) is standardized for the purpose of further high-speed data rates, low latency, and so on (Non-Patent Literature 1). Further, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) is standardized for the purpose of further large capacity, higher, and so on of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] A subsequent system of LTE (for example, also referred to as a 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+, a 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 onwards, and so on) is also under study.

[0004] PRIOR ART DOCUMENT

[0005] NON-PATENT LITERATURE

[0006] Non-Patent Literature 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 SUMMARY

[0007] PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

[0008] In a future wireless communication system (for example, NR), introduction of sensing (Sensing) in terminals (user terminals (user terminal), User Equipment (UE)) and base stations (for example, Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC)) is being studied.

[0009] However, regarding ISAC operation in the UE / base station, studies are insufficient. In this case, proper sensing / communication cannot be performed, and there is a concern that communication throughput decreases.

[0010] Therefore, one of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station capable of performing proper sensing and communication.

[0011] Means for solving the problem

[0012] A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a reception unit that receives a channel or a signal for sensing, and a control unit that controls measurement of the channel or the signal based on whether or not the measurement gap for sensing is applied.

[0013] Effects of the Invention

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, proper sensing and communication can be performed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1A and Figure 1B One example of a scenario representing Monostatic sensing in a BS or a UE.

[0016] Figure 2A and Figure 2B One example of a scenario representing Bistatic sensing between BSs or between UEs.

[0017] Figure 3A and Figure 3B One example of a scenario representing Bistatic sensing between a BS and a UE.

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of switching between OFDM and Chirp based on a unified framework between communication / sensing.

[0019] Figure 5 is a diagram representing one example of a correspondence (positional relationship) between a sensing RS and a DL BWP according to the second embodiment.

[0020] Figures 6A-6DFIG. 6 is a diagram representing an example of a correspondence relation (positional relation) between a sensing RS and a DL BWP according to the second embodiment.

[0021] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram (Venn diagram) representing a correspondence relation (inclusion relation) among a plurality of parameters (DL BWP, SCS, CP) for a sensing channel / signal / resource.

[0022] Figure 8 FIG. 8 is a diagram representing an example of a measurement without a measurement gap / measurement window according to the third embodiment.

[0023] Figure 9 FIG. 9 is a diagram representing an example of a measurement with a measurement gap / measurement window according to the third embodiment.

[0024] Figures 10A-10D FIG. 10 is a diagram representing an example of an association between parameters of a sensing BWP and a communication BWP according to the fifth embodiment.

[0025] Figures 11A-11D FIG. 11 is a diagram representing an example of an association between parameters of a sensing BWP and a communication BWP according to the fifth embodiment.

[0026] Figures 12A-12D FIG. 12 is a diagram representing an example of an association between parameters of a sensing BWP and a communication BWP according to the fifth embodiment.

[0027] Figures 13A-13D FIG. 13 is a diagram representing an example of an association between parameters of a sensing BWP and a communication BWP according to the fifth embodiment.

[0028] Figure 14 FIG. 14 is a diagram representing an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment.

[0029] Figure 15 FIG. 15 is a diagram representing an example of a configuration of a base station according to an embodiment.

[0030] Figure 16 FIG. 16 is a diagram representing an example of a configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment.

[0031] Figure 17 FIG. 17 is a diagram representing an example of a hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment.

[0032] Figure 18 FIG. 18 is a diagram representing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] (Wireless Sensing Technology)

[0034] Research is being conducted on a sensing technology using wireless (wireless sensing, object sensing, etc.). Wireless sensing technology is considered to have the following advantages compared to other sensing technologies.

[0035] • Sensing using dynamic images, infrared rays is applied only to a specific direction, in contrast, wireless sensing technology is not limited by direction and can effectively use features such as diffraction.

[0036] • Wireless sensing technology can be implemented at a low price compared to a dynamic image capturing function.

[0037] According to wireless sensing technology, it is possible to consider collecting sensing results at a base station (BS) and flexibly applying the collected information to advanced cyber space generation, and flexibly applying the collected information to feedback to the actual space.

[0038] (Integrated sensing and communications (ISAC))

[0039] The motivation of ISAC is to achieve high sensing performance and new / extended services by using various frequencies and cellular NW devices, and to optimize NW parameters through real-time sensing data analysis. Research is being conducted on extended use cases for 5G systems for providing sensing services for coping with different multiple targets, and possible requirements, and several use cases can also include non-3GPP type (non-wireless communication type) sensors (e.g., radar, camera).

[0040] For example, use case 1 is sensing for sightseeing site traffic management. For example, use case 2 is intruder detection in the environment of a smart home.

[0041] As ISAC, sensing-assisted communication and communication-assisted sensing are being studied. As sensing-assisted communication, sensing-assisted beam management and sensing-assisted resource allocation are being studied. As communication-assisted sensing, network sensing and coordinated sensing are being studied. To achieve these, waveform, beamforming, artificial intelligence (AI) / deep learning (DL) operation radio access technology (RAT), frame structure, reference signal are being studied. In addition, as shared spectrum, hardware, algorithm for ISAC, higher frequency bands, larger antenna arrays, similar signal processing algorithms for communication and sensing are being studied.

[0042] In ISAC, a unified waveform that simultaneously satisfies the requirements of communication (e.g., OFDM signal) and sensing (e.g., chirp signal), beamforming-based communication (e.g., transmission signal, reception signal), sensing (e.g., echo signal, transmission signal, reflection signal), and ISAC beamforming that simultaneously achieves interference suppression between them, become issues.

[0043] Based on whether the hardware / band of the communication and radar (sensing) based system is shared, three types of systems of radar and communication are being studied. The three types are independent radar and communication systems (independent system), joint radar and communication systems (joint system), and integrated radar and communication systems (integrated system). Hereinafter, an ISAC system that shares hardware and bands between the radar and communication systems will be taken as an object.

[0044] As an existing communication system, there is communication between one BS (base station) and one UE, and joint transmission between a plurality of BSs and one UE. As an existing radar system, there is a monostatic radar in which one radar transmits a radar signal, and receives a return wave from a sensing object by the radar, and a bistatic / multistatic radar in which one radar transmits a radar signal, and one or more radars receive a return wave from a sensing object.

[0045] An independent system uses dedicated hardware and a dedicated frequency band for radar and communication. The dedicated hardware can be provided at the same location or at a dedicated site.

[0046] A joint system uses the same hardware and a dedicated frequency band for radar and communication.

[0047] An integrated system uses the same hardware and the same frequency band for radar and communication.

[0048] As a parameter related to sensing (sensing parameter), a parameter related to range, velocity, angle, localization, recognition, and the like can be defined.

[0049] In an ISAC system, sensing can be achieved by the following three methods.

[0050] [Method 1 of sensing] Monostatic sensing using the concept of monostatic radar.

[0051] [Method 2 of sensing] Bistatic / multistatic sensing using bistatic / multistatic radar.

[0052] [Method 3 of sensing] Sensing aided by UE using the concept of NR positioning.

[0053] Method 1 of sensing requires one BS or UE to sense by a return wave. In Method 1 of sensing, there is no cooperation between BSs or between UEs or between a BS and a UE. In Method 1 of sensing, full duplex is required, and a low SNR of a return wave is required. An application scenario of Method 1 of sensing is, for example, imaging using terahertz.

[0054] Method 2 requires 2 or more BSs or 2 or more UEs, and sensing is done by reflection signals. In Method 2, half duplex is enough. In Method 2, tight synchronization and cooperation between BS-BS or UE-UE is required, and scheduling coordination among multiple BSs is required. The application scenario of Method 2 is, for example, positioning.

[0055] Method 3 requires BSs and UEs, and sensing is done by communication (UL / DL) signals. In Method 3, the existing 5G NR framework is operated. In Method 3, UEs are required, and both line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) sensing require high computational complexity. The application scenario of Method 3 is, for example, breath monitoring.

[0056] In the ISAC system, for each of the multiple sensing methods, there are applicable scenarios, requirements related to the capabilities of BSs / UEs, and the accuracy / performance of sensing. Method 1 is applicable to BSs / UEs with full duplex, and sensing objects close to the BSs or UEs. Method 2 is applicable to BSs / UEs without full duplex, and sensing objects far from the BSs or UEs. Method 3 is applicable to BSs / UEs with high capabilities.

[0057] The scenarios applicable to Method 1 include sensing objects close to the sensing BSs or UEs, high or moderate SNR of echo signals, and sensing objects without communication capabilities. The capability requirements of Method 1 include full duplex in BSs or UEs (high requirement). The sensing performance of Method 1 includes high accuracy based on unquantization, accuracy related to the SNR of echo signals, and low latency.

[0058] The scenarios applicable to Method 2 include extremely tight synchronization between multiple BSs or multiple UEs, and sensing objects without communication capabilities. The capability requirements of Method 2 include half duplex (low requirement), synchronization between multiple BSs or multiple UEs (high requirement). The sensing performance of Method 2 includes high accuracy based on unquantization, accuracy related to synchronization error, and moderate latency.

[0059] The scenarios applicable to Method 3 include communication UEs around the sensing objects. The capability requirements of Method 3 are UEs with high computational resources (high requirement). The sensing performance of Method 3 includes moderate accuracy based on quantization of feedback values, accuracy related to the configured resources and UE positions, and high latency.

[0060] (Sensing scenarios)

[0061] In the following embodiments, the following scenarios and assumptions can be mainly used. The applicable scenario can be the perception of echo / reflection-based signals following at least one of the following scenarios.

[0062] In the ISAC scenario, the functions of communication and perception are required.

[0063] In order to have lower complexity and backward compatibility, TDD can also be assumed instead of full duplex in the BS and UE.

[0064] Figure 1A is an example of monostatic perception on the gNB side. In this scenario, the transmission of the channel / signal and the perception of the echo can be performed on the same gNB side. The perception channel / signal can be transmitted in the DL time resource, and the echo channel / signal can be received in the UL time resource.

[0065] Figure 1B is an example of monostatic perception on the UE side. In this scenario, the transmission of the channel / signal and the perception of the echo can be performed on the same UE side. The perception channel / signal can be transmitted in the UL time resource, and the echo channel / signal can be received in the DL time resource.

[0066] Figure 2A is an example of bistatic perception between multiple gNBs. In this scenario, the transmission of the channel / signal can be performed on a certain base station (gNB1) side, and the perception of the reflection can be performed on the other base station (gNB2) side. The perception channel / signal can be transmitted in the DL time resource, and the reflection channel / signal can be received in the UL time resource.

[0067] Figure 2B is an example of bistatic perception between multiple UEs. In this scenario, the transmission of the channel / signal can be performed on a certain terminal (UE1) side, and the perception of the reflection can be performed on the other terminal (UE2) side. The perception channel / signal can be transmitted in the UL time resource, and the reflection channel / signal can be received in the DL time resource.

[0068] Figure 3A is an example of bistatic perception between gNB and UE. In this scenario, the transmission of the channel / signal can be performed on the gNB side, and the perception of the reflection can be performed on the UE side. The perception channel / signal can be transmitted in the DL time resource, and the reflection channel / signal can be received in the DL time resource. That is, the DL time resource can be used in the perception.

[0069] Figure 3Bis an example of a bistatic sensing between a UE and a gNB. In this scenario, the transmission of the channel / signal can be performed at the UE side, and the reflection sensing can be performed at the gNB side. The sensing channel / signal can be transmitted in the UL time resource, and the reflected channel / signal can be received in the UL time resource. That is, the UL time resource can be used in the sensing.

[0070] In the present disclosure, the reflection and the echo can be replaced with each other. In addition, as described above, the reflection of the sensing channel / signal in the monostatic sensing can also mean the echo. That is, the case where the entity that transmits the channel / signal and the entity that receives the reflected channel / signal are the same can mean the echo. On the other hand, in the case where the entity that transmits the channel / signal and the entity that receives the reflected channel / signal are different, that is, in the case of the bistatic sensing, only the reflection can be meant.

[0071] The channel / signal of the echo / reflection can be either the channel / signal of the echo / reflection for the communication channel / signal or the channel / signal of the echo / reflection for the radar (sensing) channel / signal.

[0072] (Unified framework between communication / sensing)

[0073] A summary related to flexible switching of OFDM and chirp based on the unified framework between communication / sensing is described. The UE / base station generates a communication waveform (OFDM) and a sensing waveform (chirp) based on the structure of the communication transmitter, respectively, and realizes ISAC super long distance sensing.

[0074] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of switching of OFDM and chirp based on the unified framework. The resource containing the communication symbol and the sensing symbol is divided into the communication symbol and the sensing symbol. Here, the UE changes the modulation mode and the pattern of the sensing symbol, and generates a set of orthogonal chirp waveforms. Thereby, it is possible to cope with remote sensing, communication (feature 1).

[0075] The UE / base station performs resource mapping after spectrum shaping of the sensing symbol. In the spectrum shaping, by performing a frequency domain shaping operation, different types of chirp waveforms (linear / triangular / trapezoidal) are dynamically generated according to the sensing accuracy, the complexity of the algorithm (feature 2). In addition, the m-th element of the spectrum shaping is the Fourier coefficient of the given chirp waveform e j φ（t） .

[0076] Then, by the TDM switch, the communication symbol and the sensing symbol are switched, and for the output signal, inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), parallel / serial (P / S) conversion, and cyclic prefix (CP) addition are performed.

[0077] (Splitting / Allocation / Reuse of resources for sensing and communication)

[0078] The UE / base station can also determine the resources for sensing / ISAC and the resources for communication.

[0079] The UE can perform reception of channels / signals for sensing / ISAC in the resources for sensing / ISAC and transmission / reception of channels / signals for DL / UL for communication in the resources for communication.

[0080] The UE can perform reception of channels / signals for sensing / ISAC in the resources for sensing / ISAC and transmission / reception of channels / signals for DL / UL for communication in the resources for communication.

[0081] The entire time resources of the allocated time resources for sensing (e.g., symbols / slots / subslots, which can also be referred to as sensing symbols / slots / subslots in the present disclosure) can also be used for sensing / ISAC channels / ISAC signals (which can also be referred to as TDMed sensing (ISAC) / communication resource allocation).

[0082] The entire time resources of the allocated frequency resources for sensing (e.g., subcarriers / resource blocks (RBs) / RB groups (RBGs) / RB sets / subbands / BWPs, which can also be referred to as sensing subcarriers / RBs / RBGs / RB sets / subbands / BWPs in the present disclosure) can also be used for sensing / ISAC channels / ISAC signals (which can also be referred to as FDMed sensing (ISAC) / communication resource allocation).

[0083] The TDMed sensing (ISAC) / communication resource allocation and the FDMed sensing (ISAC) / communication resource allocation can also be used / applied in combination. Such resource allocation can also be referred to as TDM-FDMed (or T-FDMed) sensing (ISAC) / communication resource allocation.

[0084] Sensing can also be performed in a part of the allocated resources (e.g., a specific symbol / slot / subslot) in a part of the allocated frequency resources (e.g., a specific subcarrier / RB / RBG / RB set / subband / BWP).

[0085] (Measurement in NR)

[0086] The measurement in NR includes the following measurement types.

[0087] • SSB / CSI-RS measurement for beam management.

[0088] • CSI-RS measurement for CSI reporting.

[0089] • PRS measurement for positioning.

[0090] • RRM measurement for mobility

[0091] Different properties are designed per each measurement type. For example, the following examples can be made.

[0092] • CSI-RS resources for beam management and CSI reporting are configured per DL BWP.

[0093] • PRS configuration and SSB / CSI-RS inter / intra frequency RRM measurement configuration are configured in a manner associated with a specific serving cell.

[0094] • CSI-RS measurement for beam management and CSI reporting is only executable within an active DL BWP. On the other hand, PRS measurement and RRM measurement are executable within and outside the active DL BWP.

[0095] • There is a case where CSI-RS measurement for beam management and CSI reporting does not need a measurement gap / measurement window, but PRS measurement and RRM measurement need a measurement gap / measurement window.

[0096] (Analysis)

[0097] <Analysis 1>

[0098] In addition, when implementing the sensing measurement at the UE side, if the measurement configuration based on the NR framework is assumed, the properties / requirements for the sensing measurement need to be explicitly defined.

[0099] Here, regarding the NR framework, for example, the above-described bistatic sensing between the gNB and the UE ( Figure 3A and Figure 3B ), or the bistatic sensing between multiple UEs ( Figure 2B ) can be cited.

[0100] Further, for the properties / requirements for the sensing measurement, for example, whether or not the configuration for the serving cell / BWP is supported, whether or not the measurement within and outside the DL BWP is supported, whether or not the measurement gap / measurement window is needed, and the like can be cited.

[0101] For example, in a case where a measurement outside of a BWP is supported, a measurement gap is required. In this case, repetition between a time-domain resource for sensing and a time-domain resource for communication cannot be performed. A case where such repetition is required needs to limit a sensing bandwidth (BW) within a DL BWP.

[0102] <Analysis 2>

[0103] Further, in the above-described NR framework (for example, a bistatic sensing between a gNB and a UE, or a bistatic sensing between a plurality of UEs), it is necessary to clarify the relationship between a UL BWP and transmission of a sensing channel / signal.

[0104] <Analysis 3>

[0105] In consideration of a BWP in accordance with the above-described analysis, it is necessary to clarify whether to utilize an existing BWP for communication or to newly introduce a BWP for sensing.

[0106] For example, in a case of reusing a BWP for communication, it is advantageous in that, since it is a simplified structure, the influence of the specification on a communication system is small. On the other hand, in a case of introducing a BWP for sensing, it is assumed that the bandwidth (BW) of a sensing channel / signal is different from a communication bandwidth. Therefore, it is an advantage that there is no need for repetition of bandwidth. For example, it is possible to increase the bandwidth for sensing in order to improve the accuracy and resolution of sensing.

[0107] As such, if the framework related to measurement setting and measurement operation of sensing along with introduction of ISAC is not clarified, proper sensing and communication cannot be performed, and there is a concern that improvement of communication throughput is suppressed.

[0108] Therefore, the present inventors and others conceived measurement setting and measurement operation of sensing.

[0109] (Variants and the like)

[0110] Hereinafter, embodiments related to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The wireless communication method related to each embodiment can be applied individually or in combination.

[0111] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" can be replaced with each other. Further, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" can mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0112] In the present disclosure, notify, activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, determine, and the like can be replaced with each other. In the present disclosure, support, control, controllable, operate, operable, and the like can be replaced with each other.

[0113] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameter, RRC message, higher layer parameter, field, Information Element (IE), configure, and the like can be replaced with each other. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC Control Element (CE)), update command, activation / deactivation command, and the like can be replaced with each other.

[0114] In the present disclosure, higher layer signaling may, for example, also be any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., a protocol for positioning (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) message, and the like, messages from a core network), or a combination of these.

[0115] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may, for example, use a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), and the like. Broadcast information may, for example, be a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), minimum system information (Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI)), Other System Information (OSI), and the like.

[0116] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may, for example, also be downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), and the like.

[0117] In the present disclosure, drop, suspend, cancel, puncture, rate match, postpone, not transmit, and the like may, for example, be replaced with each other.

[0118] In the present disclosure, sensing, ISAC, non-communication may, for example, be replaced with each other.

[0119] In the present disclosure, frequency resource, time-frequency resource, RE, RB, RBG, RB set, subband, BWP, carrier, cell, band may, for example, be replaced with each other.

[0120] In the present disclosure, RS may, for example, be a channel state information - reference signal (CSI-RS) received by a UE from a base station, a synchronization signal block (SSB), and the like, or a measurement reference signal (sounding reference signal (SRS)) transmitted by a UE to a base station, and the like.

[0121] In the present disclosure, time resource, symbol, slot, subslot, subframe, radio frame may, for example, be replaced with each other.

[0122] The application of each embodiment of the present disclosure may, for example, be decided per band per cell per BWP.

[0123] In the present disclosure, sensed channel / signal, and channel / signal for sensing, sensing RS may, for example, be replaced with each other.

[0124] In the present disclosure, channel and signal may, for example, be replaced with each other.

[0125] In the present disclosure, echo and reflection may, for example, be replaced with each other.

[0126] In the present disclosure, NW, gNB, LMF, SF may, for example, be replaced with each other.

[0127] In the present disclosure, specific scenario, scenario, application scenario, sensing mode, monostatic sensing, bistatic sensing, and topology may, for example, be replaced with each other.

[0128] In the present disclosure, the BWP for sensing, the sensing-oriented BWP, the BWP used for sensing can be replaced with each other.

[0129] In the present disclosure, the BWP for communication, the communication-oriented BWP, the BWP used for communication, the communication BWP can be replaced with each other.

[0130] In the present disclosure, the sensing channel, the sensing signal, the sensing resource can be replaced with each other.

[0131] In the present disclosure, the measurement of the sensing channel / signal / resource, the sensing measurement can be replaced with each other.

[0132] In the present disclosure, the transmission of the sensing channel / signal, the sensing transmission can be replaced with each other.

[0133] In the present disclosure, the numerology, the SCS, the CP type can be replaced with each other.

[0134] In the present disclosure, the sensing slot / symbol, the sensing measurement gap / measurement window can be replaced with each other.

[0135] In the present disclosure, the DL / UL BWP, the DL BWP, the UL BWP, the BWP, the serving cell can be replaced with each other.

[0136] (Wireless communication method)

[0137] Embodiments of the present disclosure can be roughly classified into the following modes.

[0138] • First embodiment: Measurement configuration of sensing

[0139] • Second embodiment: Bandwidth (BW) of sensing measurement

[0140] • Third embodiment: Measurement gap / measurement window of sensing

[0141] • Fourth embodiment: Sensing channel / signal transmission per BWP

[0142] • Fifth embodiment: BWP for sensing

[0143] The first to third embodiments are proposals for UE to measure the sensing channel / signal, and mainly exemplify the bi-static sensing between gNB and UE Figure 3A ) and the bi-static sensing between multiple UEs Figure 2B ).

[0144] The fourth embodiment is a proposal for UE to transmit the sensing channel / signal, and mainly exemplifies the bi-static sensing between UE and gNB Figure 3B ) and the bi-static sensing between multiple UEs Figure 2BAn example is performed.

[0145] The fifth embodiment is a proposal for a dedicated sensing BWP, which can be applied to both DL sensing reception (Rx) and UL sensing transmission (Tx).

[0146] These embodiments and each option of each embodiment can be applied individually or in combination.

[0147] As described above, in the following description, mainly a two-way sensing is exemplified, but not limited thereto. Each embodiment of the present disclosure can also be used for a one-way sensing.

[0148] In addition, in the one-way sensing, it is assumed that its measurement configuration is different from that of the two-way sensing (e.g., between gNB and UE). In this case, a common transmission configuration for the sensing channel / signal between the one-way sensing and the two-way sensing can also be specified.

[0149] Furthermore, each embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to the two-way sensing between gNB and UE, but can also be used for the two-way sensing between multiple UEs.

[0150] By the two-way sensing between multiple UEs (between UE1 and UE2), it can be implemented even without considering the sidelink between multiple UEs. For example, the transmission configuration for the sensing channel / signal can be configured on one UE side (UE1 side). In addition, the measurement configuration for the sensing channel / signal can be configured on the other UE side (UE2 side).

[0151] <First Embodiment>

[0152] The first embodiment corresponds to the above-described Analysis 1, and relates to the measurement configuration of sensing. As described above, in the first embodiment, a case of the two-way sensing from gNB to UE (e.g., see Figure 3A ) / the two-way sensing between multiple UEs (e.g., see Figure 2B ) is exemplified. The subject (entity) that transmits / receives information (parameters) related to the measurement configuration of sensing can be gNB / UE.

[0153] The measurement configuration of sensing for the sensing channel / signal / resource can be configured per DL BWP per serving cell. Alternatively, the measurement configuration of sensing for the sensing channel / signal / resource can also be configured in a manner not associated with any BWP / serving cell. In this case, the measurement configuration can also be configured per UE / gNB.

[0154] In the present disclosure, the measurement configuration for sensing of the sensing channel / signal / resource, the measurement configuration for the sensing channel / signal / resource, the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource configuration, the configuration of the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource, the measurement configuration for sensing, the measurement configuration, the sensing of the measurement channel / signal / resource, the configuration of the sensing of the measurement channel / signal / resource can be replaced with each other.

[0155] In the present disclosure, the sensing channel / signal / resource, the sensing channel / signal / resource configuration, the sensing channel / signal / resource configuration parameter, the measurement configuration for sensing, the measurement configuration can be replaced with each other.

[0156] The first embodiment can be further classified into Alt-A ~ Alt-C.

[0157] Alt-A

[0158] The measurement configuration for sensing of the sensing channel / signal / resource can be configured per DL BWP.

[0159] Alt-A can be the same / similar to the case where the CSI-RS resource configuration is configured per BWP for the purpose of the existing beam management or CSI feedback (CSF).

[0160] Further, the parameter of the measurement configuration for sensing of the sensing channel / signal / resource can be configured either in dependence on the parameter for the DL BWP or separately from the parameter for the DL BWP.

[0161] Alt-B

[0162] The measurement configuration for sensing of the sensing channel / signal / resource can be configured per serving cell.

[0163] Alt-B can be the same / similar to the configuration of the NR measurement object for the Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurement for mobility or the PRS resource configuration associated with a certain serving cell.

[0164] Alt-C

[0165] The measurement configuration for sensing of the sensing channel / signal / resource can also be configured without being associated with any BWP / serving cell.

[0166] Variation

[0167] The parameters for the measurement setting of the sensing of the sensing channel / signal / resource can be set in dependence on the parameters for the DL BWP or separately from the parameters for the DL BWP. Alternatively, the parameters for the measurement setting of the sensing of the sensing channel / signal / resource can be set in dependence on the parameters for the active / initial / first / default BWP of the serving cell or separately from the parameters for the active / initial / first / default BWP of the serving cell.

[0168] (Example 1)

[0169] The frequency resource for the measurement setting of the sensing can be limited within the DL BWP or within the active / initial / first / default BWP of the serving cell.

[0170] (Example 2)

[0171] The frequency resource for the measurement setting of the sensing can be within / without the DL BWP or within the active / initial / first / default BWP of the serving cell.

[0172] (Example 3)

[0173] The numerology / subcarrier spacing (SCS) / type of cyclic prefix (CP) can also not be set for the measurement setting of the sensing. In this case, the numerology / SCS / type of CP set for the DL BWP or the active / initial / first / default BWP of the serving cell can be applied.

[0174] (Example 4)

[0175] The numerology / SCS / type of CP can be set in the sensing for the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource setting independently of the setting of the DL BWP or the active / initial / first / default BWP of the serving cell.

[0176] (Example 5)

[0177] The numerology / SCS / type of CP can be set in the sensing for the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource setting in association with the setting of the DL BWP or the active / initial / first / default BWP of the serving cell. For example, the SCS for the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource setting can be neither greater than nor less than the SCS of the DL BWP or the active / initial / first / default BWP of the serving cell.

[0178] Based on the first embodiment described above, the measurement settings for sensing the sensing channel / signal / resource can be clearly defined (sensing measurement channel / signal / resource settings).

[0179] <Second Implementation Method>

[0180] The second embodiment corresponds to Analysis 1 above and relates to bandwidth in the sensing measurement. As described above, in the second embodiment, bistatic sensing from the gNB to the UE (for example, see...) Figure 3A / Bistatic awareness among multiple UEs (e.g., see Figure 2B Here's an example of a scenario where the entity performing the sensing measurement can be the UE / gNB.

[0181] Measurements of sensing channels / signals / resources can be restricted to DL BWP or not.

[0182] The second implementation can be further classified into options 1 to 2. Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the correspondence (positional relationship) between the sensing RS and the DL BWP involved in Option 1 of the second embodiment. Figures 6A-6D This is a diagram illustrating an example of the correspondence (positional relationship) between the sensing RS and the DL BWP involved in Option 2 of the second embodiment.

[0183] Option 1

[0184] The UE can measure the sensed channel / signal / resources only within the DL BWP.

[0185] In this case, the frequency resources and band domain for sensing channels / signals / resources can be included within the DLBWP (see [link]). Figure 5 ).

[0186] Option 1 can be the same as or similar to existing beam management or CSI-RS for the purpose of CSI feedback (CSF).

[0187] Option 2

[0188] The UE can measure and sense channels / signals / resources either inside or outside the DL BWP.

[0189] In this case, the frequency resources and band domain for the sensing channel / signal / resource can be included within the DLBWP (see [link]). Figure 6D It can also include DL BWP (see Figure 6A Alternatively, the frequency resources and band domain for the sensing channel / signal / resource can overlap with the DL BWP (see [link]).Figure 6A , Figure 6C , Figure 6D ), or can not be repeated (see Figure 6B ). In the case of repetition, the frequency resources and the band for the sensing channel / signal / resource can also be partially repeated with the DL BWP (see Figure 6C ).

[0190] Option 2 can be the same / similar to PRS measurement for positioning purpose or RRM measurement for mobility purpose.

[0191] "Combinations with other embodiments"

[0192] The first embodiment and the second embodiment described above can be applied in combination. For example, consider the following combinations.

[0193] • Combination of Alt-A of the first embodiment and Option 1 of the second embodiment.

[0194] • Combination of Alt-B of the first embodiment and Option 1 / 2 of the second embodiment.

[0195] • Combination of Alt-C of the first embodiment and Option 2 of the second embodiment.

[0196] "Modified examples"

[0197] In Option 1 described above, at least one constraint shown below can also be set to the parameters related to the sensing channel / signal / resource configuration.

[0198] (Constraint 1)

[0199] • The frequency resources of the sensing channel / signal / resource configuration are completely contained within the activated DL BWP. That is, the frequency resources can have the same bandwidth (numerology / SCS) as the activated DL BWP or a smaller bandwidth than the activated DL BWP.

[0200] (Constraint 2)

[0201] • The numerology / SCS for the sensing channel / signal / resource configuration can be the same as the numerology / SCS for the activated DL BWP.

[0202] (Constraint 3)

[0203] • The type of CP for the sensing channel / signal / resource configuration can be the same as the type of CP for the activated DL BWP. Here, the type of CP can be either normal CP or extended CP.

[0204] "Specific examples"

[0205] The above-described correspondence relationship (inclusion relationship) among the plurality of parameters (DL BWP, SCS, CP) for the perceived channel / signal / resource is explained with reference to the drawings. Figure 7 is a conceptual diagram (a Venn diagram) indicating the correspondence relationship (inclusion relationship) among the plurality of parameters (DL BWP, SCS, CP) for the perceived channel / signal / resource.

[0206] In Figure 7 , whether the perceived channel / signal / resource is included in the activated DL BWP or not is indicated by the set A / complement set A. That is, in the case where the perceived channel / signal / resource is included in the activated DL BWP, it belongs to the set A. On the other hand, in the case where the perceived channel / signal / resource is not included in the activated DL BWP, it belongs to the complement set A.

[0207] Further, in Figure 7 , whether the SCS of the perceived channel / signal / resource is the same as (is different from) the SCS of the activated DL BWP or not is indicated by the set B / complement set B. That is, in the case where the SCS of the perceived channel / signal / resource is the same as the SCS of the activated DL BWP, it belongs to the set B. On the other hand, in the case where the SCS of the perceived channel / signal / resource is not the same as (is different from) the SCS of the activated DL BWP, it belongs to the complement set B.

[0208] Further, in Figure 7 , whether the CP type of the perceived channel / signal / resource is the same as (is different from) the CP type of the activated DL BWP or not is indicated by the set C / complement set C. That is, in the case where the CP type of the perceived channel / signal / resource is the same as the CP type of the activated DL BWP, it belongs to the set C. On the other hand, in the case where the CP type of the perceived channel / signal / resource is not the same as (is different from) the CP type of the activated DL BWP, it belongs to the complement set C.

[0209] Based on Figure 7 , the following eight cases can be exemplified for the combination among the plurality of parameters for the perceived channel / signal / resource.

[0210] (Case 1)

[0211] A case where the perceived channel / signal / resource is completely included in the activated DL BWP (the set A), and the SCS is the same as the activated DL BWP (the set B), and the CP type is the same as the activated DL BWP (the set C) (the set A∩the set B∩the set C).

[0212] (Case 2)

[0213] Case (1) (Set A ∩ Set B ∩ Set C)

[0214] (Case 3)

[0215] Case (2) (Set A ∩ Set B ∩ Set C)

[0216] (Case 4)

[0217] Case (3) (Set A ∩ Set B ∩ Set C)

[0218] (Case 5)

[0219] Case (4) (Set A ∩ Set B ∩ Set C)

[0220] (Case 6)

[0221] Case (5) (Set A ∩ Set B ∩ Set C)

[0222] (Case 7)

[0223] Case (6) (Set A ∩ Set B ∩ Set C)

[0224] (Case 8)

[0225] Case (7) (Set A ∩ Set B ∩ Set C)

[0226] In the above-described Option 1, only Case 1 or appropriately combined Cases 1 / 2 / 3 / 5 can be applied. Further, in Option 2, all of the above-described cases (Cases 1 to 8) can be applied alone or a plurality of cases can be combined and applied.

[0227] According to the second embodiment described above, the UE can appropriately control the measurement of the sensing channel / signal / resource based on the relationship with the bandwidth (particularly, DL BWP).

[0228] <Third Embodiment>

[0229] The third embodiment corresponds to the above-described Analysis 1 and relates to the measurement gap / measurement window for sensing. As described above, in the third embodiment, a case of the bistatic sensing (see, for example, Figure 3A ) by the gNB for the UE / the multistatic sensing (see, for example, Figure 2B ) among a plurality of UEs is exemplified. In this case, the subject (entity) that performs the measurement of the sensing can be the UE / gNB.

[0230] In the present disclosure, the measurement gap, the measurement window, the slot, and the symbol can be replaced with each other.

[0231] In the present disclosure, the configuration / indication / activation related to the measurement of the sensing channel / signal / resource, and the configuration / indication / activation of the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource can be replaced with each other.

[0232] The third embodiment can be further classified into Embodiments 3-1 to 3-2 according to the presence or absence of the application of the measurement gap / measurement window for sensing. Figure 8 is a diagram that represents a measurement example without the measurement gap / measurement window involved in Alt1 of the third embodiment. Figure 9 is a diagram that represents a measurement example with the measurement gap / measurement window involved in Alt2 of the third embodiment.

[0233] <Alt1>

[0234] In Alt1, a case without the measurement gap / measurement window is described.

[0235] The UE can not apply the measurement gap / measurement window to the measurement of the sensing channel / signal / resource.

[0236] In this case, the UE can measure the occasion (transmission opportunity) of the sensing channel / signal / resource in compliance with the configuration / indication / activation of the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource.

[0237] Alt1 can be applied, for example, to the BWP level sensing measurement configuration (Alt-A of the first embodiment) and / or the intra-DL BWP sensing measurement (Option 1 of the second embodiment).

[0238] In addition, from the UE's perspective, Alt1 can apply resource splitting based on TDM / FDM / T-FDM / CDM / SDM / PDM for communication / sensing.

[0239] For example, in resource splitting based on TDM for communication / sensing, the sensing slot / symbol can be implicitly decided by the configuration of the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource. In this case, the UE can decide the slot / symbol of the timing of the channel / signal / resource for sensing as the sensing slot / symbol.

[0240] As shown in Figure 8 , the UE can measure each sensing RS (timing of channel / signal / resource) without a measurement gap / measurement window.

[0241] Alt2

[0242] The case where a measurement gap / measurement window is required is described in Alt2.

[0243] The UE can apply a measurement gap / measurement window to the measurement of the sensing channel / signal / resource.

[0244] The UE can measure the timing of the sensing channel / signal / resource only within the measurement gap / within the measurement window of the configured / indicated / activated sensing.

[0245] As shown in Figure 9 , the UE can perform measurement only in the case where there is a timing for sensing within the measurement gap / within the measurement window, and otherwise, the UE can not perform measurement.

[0246] The UE can perform measurement of the sensing channel / signal / resource during (after) from the start of the measurement gap / measurement window of sensing to X slots / symbols / seconds / milliseconds / subframes / frames.

[0247] Here, the value of X can be defined in advance by the specification, configured / indicated from the gNB / LMF / SF by higher layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / physical layer signaling (DCI), or decided by the UE capability.

[0248] The above X can represent the time required for the UE to switch from the communication transmission / reception (Tx / Rx) state (or the sensing transmission (Tx) state) to the sensing measurement state.

[0249] Alt2 can be applied to both of the above-described first / second embodiments. In particular, from the perspective of the UE, it can be applied to resource partitioning based on TDM for communication / sensing.

[0250] The measurement gap / measurement window for sensing can follow any one of the following Alt2-1 ~ Alt2-2.

[0251] [Alt2-1]

[0252] The measurement gap / measurement window for sensing can be a sensing slot / symbol that is defined as a time resource for sensing (sensing).

[0253] The sensing slot / symbol, the sensing slot / symbol can mean a slot / symbol that is utilized only for sensing (i.e., not used for purposes other than sensing / does not have purposes other than sensing). In addition, the sensing slot can mean, for example, a slot that contains only a sensing symbol, or a slot that contains at least one sensing symbol.

[0254] Alternatively, a new type of measurement gap / measurement window for sensing can be defined. For example, a gap / window similar to a PRS processing window (PRS Processing Window (PPW)) set for positioning, or a measurement-related timing configuration (SSB-based Measurement Timing Configuration (SMTC)) window using SSB, etc. can be defined.

[0255] The configuration parameters of the measurement gap / measurement window for sensing can include information associated with at least one of the following.

[0256] • Index of the measurement gap / measurement window;

[0257] • Periodicity;

[0258] • Offset;

[0259] • Length of the measurement gap / measurement window;

[0260] • Index of the associated serving cell;

[0261] • Index of the associated BWP;

[0262] • Associated sensing measurement channel / signal / resource.

[0263] The period / length of the sensing measurement gap / measurement window, etc. can depend on the sensing scenario / topology (e.g., a bistatic sensing by the gNB for the UE / a bistatic sensing among multiple UEs), or a sensing radius / coverage. That is, the period / length of the sensing measurement gap / measurement window, etc. can be different or the same according to the sensing scenario / topology, or the sensing radius / coverage.

[0264] Each of the above parameters can be specified / set / indicated per SCS.

[0265] Alt2-1 can be further classified into Alt2-1A~Alt2-1C.

[0266] (Alt2-1A)

[0267] The sensing slot / symbol, or the sensing measurement gap / measurement window can be set / indicated / activated per UE / Frequency Range (FR).

[0268] Alt2-1A can be the same / similar to the mobility RRM measurement or the measurement gap / measurement window for positioning set per UE / FR.

[0269] Alt2-1A can be applied to the above first / second implementation.

[0270] A constraint can be specified on the number of sensing measurement gaps / measurement windows.

[0271] For example, the maximum number of sensing measurement gaps / measurement windows set per UE can be defined in advance by the specification, set / indicated from the gNB / LMF / SF by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or determined by UE capability.

[0272] In addition, the maximum number of sensing measurement gaps / measurement windows set per FR (e.g., only 1) can be defined in advance by the specification, set / indicated from the gNB / LMF / SF by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or determined by UE capability.

[0273] The following constraint can also be specified on the operation of the UE.

[0274] [Constraint 1]

[0275] In the case where the sensing slot / symbol, or the sensing measurement gap / measurement window is set / indicated / activated per UE, the UE can not perform at least one of the following operations within the sensing slot / symbol / measurement gap, or within the measurement window.

[0276] • Transmission / reception of communication channels / signals (except for reception of channels / signals for random access procedure);

[0277] • Transmission of UL sensing channels / signals in any serving cell;

[0278] • SSB / CSI-RS based inter / intra frequency measurement, measurement of PRS in frequency band of FR1 / FR2 / FR3.

[0279] [Constraint 2]

[0280] In case that the measurement gap / measurement window for sensing in FR1 / FR2 / FR3 is configured / indicated / activated, the UE can not perform at least one of the following operations within the sensing slot / symbol / measurement gap / within the measurement window.

[0281] • Transmission / reception of communication channels / signals (except for reception of channels / signals for random access procedure);

[0282] • Transmission of UL sensing channels / signals in any serving cell in frequency band of FR1 / FR2 / FR3;

[0283] • SSB / CSI-RS based inter / intra frequency measurement, measurement of PRS in frequency band of FR1 / FR2 / FR3.

[0284] (Alt2-1B)

[0285] The sensing slot / symbol, or the measurement gap / measurement window for sensing can be configured / indicated / activated for certain serving cell / certain DL BWP.

[0286] Alt2-1B can be the same / similar to TDD configuration mode configured per cell level, or PPW configured per BWP.

[0287] Alt2-1B can be applied to the above-mentioned first / second implementation.

[0288] The number of measurement gap / measurement window for sensing can be subject to constraint.

[0289] For example, the maximum number of measurement gap / measurement window for sensing configured per serving cell / BWP (e.g. only 1) can be defined by specification in advance, configured / indicated from gNB / LMF / SF by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or determined by UE capability.

[0290] The following constraint can also be imposed on the operation of the UE.

[0291] The UE can not perform at least one of the following within the sensing slot / symbol / measurement gap / measurement window.

[0292] • Transmission / reception of communication channels / signals (except for reception of channels / signals for random access procedure);

[0293] • Transmission of UL sensing channels / signals in the serving cell;

[0294] • Measurement of PRS in the PPW of the serving cell.

[0295] (Alt2-1C)

[0296] The measurement gap / measurement window for sensing can be configured / indicated / activated per each sensing measurement channel / signal / resource.

[0297] Alt2-1C can be the same / similar to SMTC window configured per each SSB / CSI-RS based inter-frequency / intra-frequency RRM measurement.

[0298] Alt2-1C can be applied to the first / second implementation described above.

[0299] The following constraints can also be specified for the operation of the UE.

[0300] [Constraint 1]

[0301] The UE can not perform at least one of the following within the sensing slot / symbol / measurement gap / measurement window.

[0302] • Transmission / reception of communication channels / signals (except for reception of channels / signals for random access procedure);

[0303] • Transmission of UL sensing channels / signals in the serving cell;

[0304] • Measurement of PRS in the PPW of the serving cell.

[0305] [Constraint 2]

[0306] The UE can not perform at least one of the following within the sensing slot / symbol / measurement gap / measurement window.

[0307] • Transmission / reception of communication channels / signals (except for reception of channels / signals for random access procedure);

[0308] • Transmission of UL sensing channels / signals in any serving cell;

[0309] • SSB / CSI-RS based inter-frequency / intra-frequency measurement, measurement of PRS.

[0310] [Restriction 3]

[0311] The UE can not perform at least one of the following within the sensing slot / symbol / measurement gap / measurement window.

[0312] • Transmission / reception of a communication channel / signal (except for reception of a channel / signal for a random access procedure);

[0313] • Transmission of an UL sensing channel / signal in any serving cell of a frequency band of FR1 / FR2 / FR3;

[0314] • SSB / CSI-RS-based inter-frequency / intra-frequency measurement in a frequency band of FR1 / FR2 / FR3, measurement of PRS.

[0315] (Variation of Alt2-1)

[0316] It can also be allowed to repeat (in the frequency domain / time domain) between the measurement gap / measurement window for sensing and other communication channels / signals. In this case, a specific order of priority (priority) can also be specified by the specification. In addition, the UE can also perform reporting (reporting of UE capability) related to this specific order of priority.

[0317] For example, as a case where there is a possibility of repetition between the measurement gap / measurement window for sensing and other communication channels / signals, the following cases are listed.

[0318] • A case of repetition in the time domain;

[0319] • A case where there is no repetition in the time domain, but there is in the same slot for sensing and communication (i.e., repetition in the frequency domain);

[0320] • A case where there is no repetition in the time domain / frequency domain, but there is no sufficient gap (effective gap) between sensing and communication.

[0321] The measurement gap / measurement window for sensing and other communication channels / signals are compared, and in the case of conforming to any of the above cases, the UE can indicate / report that any one is prioritized. In this case, the UE can prioritize performing processing (transmission / reception / measurement, etc.) for any one channel / signal based on the comparison result.

[0322] Regarding the communication channel / signal to be the comparison object, the following examples can be made.

[0323] • SSB;

[0324] • A channel associated with random access (e.g., PRACH / MsgA PUSCH);

[0325] • PDCCH monitoring occasions (e.g., CSS / USS monitoring occasions of Type 0 / 0a / 1 / 2 / 3);

[0326] • Configured grants (e.g., CG-PUSCH / SPS-PDSCH);

[0327] • RS transmission / reception (e.g., CSI-RS / PRS / TRS / SRS);

[0328] • Repetition of PUCCH / PUSCH.

[0329] (Supplement)

[0330] In Alt2-1A~Alt2-1C, the maximum number of configurations / occasions of the sensing channel / signal / resource (RS with the same beam / TCI state / Rx spatial filter / QCL Type D) that the UE can measure within 1 sensing slot / symbol / measurement gap / within a measurement window can be defined by specification in advance, can be configured / indicated by gNB / LMF / SF through higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, and can also be determined by UE capability.

[0331] In the case where the number of configurations / occasions of the above-described sensing measurement channel / signal / resource exceeds the maximum number, the UE can measure only the configurations / occasions of the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource with higher priority in the range where the number of the measured configurations / occasions of the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource does not exceed the maximum number.

[0332] The priority of each of the above-described configurations / occasions of the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource can be determined based on at least one of the following.

[0333] • Physical cell ID (PCI), serving cell index configured for the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource;

[0334] • RS of beam / TCI state / Rx spatial filter / QCL Type D,

[0335] • Priority configured per configuration of the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource;

[0336] • Band (e.g., priority of sensing RS of FR1 is higher / lower than that of FR2);

[0337] • Center frequency (e.g., priority of higher frequency is higher / lower than that of lower center frequency);

[0338] • a symbol / slot in which a start / end of an occasion of a sensing measurement channel / signal / resource is perceived (e.g., a higher / lower priority of a side in which a start / end of a symbol / slot is earlier);

[0339] • a type of a sensing measurement channel / signal / resource (e.g., a higher priority of a non-periodic sensing measurement channel / signal / resource compared to a periodic / semi-persistent, or a higher priority of a semi-persistent sensing measurement channel / signal / resource compared to a periodic);

[0340] • a configured index of a sensing measurement channel / signal / resource (e.g., a higher / lower priority of a side in which an index is smaller)

[0341] • a sensing requirement (e.g., a higher priority of a sensing service / setting to which a stricter requirement is applied with respect to accuracy / resolution / delay).

[0342] [Alt2-2]

[0343] A measurement gap / measurement window for sensing can also apply a measurement gap / measurement window for existing RRM measurement, or a PPW (configured as a PRS processing window for positioning described above).

[0344] Alt2-2 can be further classified as Alt2-2A~Alt2-2B.

[0345] (Alt2-2A)

[0346] Sensing measurement can be controlled based on a measurement gap / measurement window for RRM measurement, or for positioning, configured per UE / FR.

[0347] In a case where there are an occasion of a sensing measurement channel / signal / resource and an occasion of RRM measurement based on SSB / CSI-RS within 1 measurement gap / measurement window, the UE can perform the following Alt-a / Alt-b operation according to a type of measurement. The type of measurement can be any one of a measurement of a sensing channel / signal / resource, and a measurement of SSB / CSI-RS.

[0348] [Alt-a]

[0349] The UE can perform only any one type of measurement of SSB / CSI-RS, and a sensing channel / signal / resource. For example, the UE can perform a measurement of a type with a higher priority. The priority of type selection can be defined in advance by a specification, configured / indicated from a gNB / LMF / SF by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or determined by UE capability.

[0350] [Alt-b]

[0351] The UE can perform the measurements of both types (SSB / CSI-RS, and sensing channel / signal / resource) within the range that does not exceed the maximum number of measurement occasions. The maximum number of the total of measurement occasions of both types can be defined by specification in advance, can be configured / indicated by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling from gNB / LMF / SF, and can be determined by UE capability.

[0352] In the case that the measurement occasions exceed the maximum number, the UE can perform only the measurement of the type with higher priority within the range that does not exceed the constraint of the maximum number. The method of determining the priority can also apply to Alt2-1 described above.

[0353] (Alt2-2B)

[0354] The sensing measurement can be controlled based on the PPW configured / activated per BWP for PRS.

[0355] The UE can measure only the sensing channel / signal / resource that is completely contained in the activated DL BWP and has the same SCS / CP type as the activated DL BWP within the PPW.

[0356] In the case that there are both the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource and PRS within 1 PPW, the UE can perform the following Alt-a / Alt-b operations according to the type of measurement. The type of measurement can be any one of the measurement of the sensing channel / signal / resource and the measurement of PRS.

[0357] [Alt-a]

[0358] The UE can perform only any one type of the measurement of PRS and the measurement of sensing channel / signal / resource. For example, the UE can perform the measurement of the type with higher priority. The priority of the type selection can be defined by specification in advance, can be configured / indicated by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling from gNB / LMF / SF, and can be determined by UE capability. For example, the priority of the sensing measurement channel / signal / resource for PRS / DL communication channel / signal can also be defined.

[0359] [Alt-b]

[0360] The UE can perform the measurements of both types (PRS, and sensing channel / signal / resource) within the range that does not exceed the maximum number of measurement occasions. The maximum number of the total of measurement occasions of both types can be defined by specification in advance, can be configured / indicated by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling from gNB / LMF / SF, and can be determined by UE capability.

[0361] In a case where the measurement occasion exceeds the maximum number, the UE can perform only the measurement of the type with higher priority within the range where the constraint of not exceeding the maximum number is not exceeded. The method of determining the priority can also be applied to Alt2-1 described above.

[0362] According to the third embodiment described above, the UE can apply / not apply the measurement gap / measurement window, and appropriately control the sensing measurement.

[0363] <Fourth Embodiment>

[0364] The fourth embodiment corresponds to Analysis 2 described above, and relates to transmission of the sensing channel / signal per BWP. As described above, in the fourth embodiment, a case where the UE performs the double base sensing (see, for example, Figure 3B ) to the gNB and the double base sensing (see, for example, Figure 2B ) among a plurality of UEs is exemplified. The subject (entity) that performs the transmission of the sensing channel / signal can be the UE / gNB.

[0365] The setting related to the transmission of the sensing channel / signal can be set per UL BWP. That is, the UE can be set the transmission of the sensing channel / signal per UL BWP.

[0366] The transmission of the sensing channel / signal should be performed within the UL BWP. That is, the UE should transmit the sensing channel / signal within the UL BWP.

[0367] <Modification Example>

[0368] The setting parameter (parameter to which the setting is made) related to the numerology / SCS / CP type can not be set in the setting for the transmission of the sensing channel / signal. In this case, the numerology / SCS / CP type set for the activated UL BWP can be applied. That is, the UE can apply the numerology / SCS / CP type set for the activated UL BWP to the sensing transmission.

[0369] The setting parameter (parameter to which the setting is made) related to the numerology / SCS / CP type can be set in the setting for the transmission of the sensing channel / signal. The setting can be made separately with respect to the activated DL BWP, or can be made in dependence on the activated DL BWP. For example, the numerology / SCS in the setting for the transmission of the sensing channel / signal can be neither greater than nor less than the SCS of the UL BWP.

[0370] According to the fourth embodiment described above, the UE can control the sensing transmission based on the relationship between the bandwidth (particularly, the UL BWP).

[0371] <Fifth Embodiment>

[0372] The fifth embodiment corresponds to the above-described analysis 3, and relates to a BWP for sensing.

[0373] In the present disclosure, the DL BWP in the first to third embodiments, the UL BWP in the fourth embodiment, the DL / UL BWP, the existing DL / UL BWP for communication, and the new DL / UL BWP for sensing can be replaced with each other.

[0374] The fifth embodiment can be further classified into the following three.

[0375] • Embodiment 5-1: Introduction of a BWP for sensing.

[0376] • Embodiment 5-2: Switching between a BWP for sensing and a BWP for communication.

[0377] • Embodiment 5-3: Association between parameters of a BWP for sensing and a BWP for communication.

[0378] Embodiment 5-1

[0379] In the embodiment 5-1, the introduction of a new BWP for sensing is described.

[0380] A dedicated sensing DL BWP for measuring a sensing channel / signal / resource can be defined. Further, a dedicated sensing UL BWP for transmitting a sensing channel / signal / resource can be defined.

[0381] It is assumed that in the case where a BWP for sensing is introduced, the bandwidth (BW) of a sensing channel / signal is different from the communication bandwidth. Therefore, it is an advantage that there is no need for repetition of the bandwidth. By defining a dedicated BWP, for example, it is possible to increase the bandwidth for sensing, and to improve the accuracy and resolution of sensing.

[0382] In the DL / UL BWP for sensing and the DL / UL BWP for communication, respective parameters (for example, numerology / SCS / CP type) can be set.

[0383] For one serving cell, a DL / UL BWP for sensing can also be set on the basis of a BWP for communication.

[0384] At least one of a DL BWP for sensing only / a UL BWP for sensing only / a pair of a DL BWP and a UL BWP for sensing can be supported / set / activated.

[0385] In a case where a pair (pair) of the DL BWP and the UL BWP for sensing (may also be the DL / UL BWP for communication) is supported / set / activated, at least one of the following conditions (requirements) is assumed (applied).

[0386] • For one pair (pair) of the DL BWP and the UL BWP for sensing, there can be the same (common) center frequency, or there can be no same (common) center frequency.

[0387] • For one pair (pair) of the DL BWP for sensing and the DL BWP for communication, there can be the same (common) center frequency, or there can be no same (common) center frequency.

[0388] • For one pair (pair) of the UL BWP for sensing and the UL BWP for communication, there can be the same (common) center frequency, or there can be no same (common) center frequency.

[0389] • The bandwidth of the DL BWP for sensing can also be the same / as large as / as small as the UL BWP for sensing.

[0390] • The DL / UL BWP for sensing can be completely contained in the DL / UL BWP for communication, or can not be contained in the DL / UL BWP for communication.

[0391] • The DL / UL BWP for communication can be completely contained in the DL / UL BWP for sensing, or can not be contained in the DL / UL BWP for sensing.

[0392] • The DL / UL BWP for sensing can be completely contained in the UL / DL BWP for sensing, or can not be contained in the UL / DL BWP for sensing.

[0393] • The DL BWP for sensing and the UL BWP for sensing can be repeated / partially repeated, or can not be supported.

[0394] The maximum number of DL / UL BWP for sensing in one serving cell can be defined in advance by the specification, can be set / indicated by the gNB / LMF / SF through the higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or can be determined by the UE capability.

[0395] The maximum number of the sum of the DL / UL BWP for sensing and the DL / UL BWP for communication in one serving cell can be defined in advance by the specification, can be configured / indicated from the gNB / LMF / SF by the higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, and can also be determined by the UE capability.

[0396] In one serving cell, in a case where a plurality of DL / UL BWP for sensing can be configured, at least one of the following can be applied.

[0397] • The maximum one pair of DL / UL BWP for sensing can be activated in one time instance.

[0398] • The DL / UL BWP for sensing can be activated via higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling (e.g., RRC / DCI / MAC CE / SIB / LPP).

[0399] Embodiment 5-2

[0400] In Embodiment 5-2, switching between the sensing BWP and the communication BWP is described.

[0401] In the DL / UL slot / symbol / measurement gap / measurement window for sensing, the DL / UL BWP for sensing is used / activated. In addition, in the DL / UL slot / symbol for communication, the DL / UL BWP for communication is used / activated.

[0402] The semi-static switching between the sensing BWP and the communication BWP can be achieved by semi-static configuration of the sensing slot / symbol / measurement gap / measurement window.

[0403] The deactivation timer of the sensing BWP can be defined in advance by the specification, or can be configured / indicated from the gNB / LMF / SF by the higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling.

[0404] The dynamic switching between the sensing BWP and the communication BWP can be achieved by dynamic indication / activation of the sensing slot / symbol / measurement gap / measurement window.

[0405] Regarding the time / gap (which can also be referred to as switching time / gap) required for switching between the sensing BWP and the communication BWP, the following constraints can also be specified.

[0406] • The switching time is different in semi-static switching and dynamic switching. For example, the switching time in dynamic switching can be longer than the switching time in semi-static switching.

[0407] The semi-static / dynamic switching time can be determined in accordance with at least one of the following Alt-a~Alt-C.

[0408] (Alt-a)

[0409] The value of the semi-static / dynamic switching time can also be defined by the specification in advance. The value of the semi-static / dynamic switching time can depend on at least one of the numerology / SCS / CP type of the sensing BWP / communication BWP, the frequency band of the serving cell, the processing capability type of the UE.

[0410] (Alt-b)

[0411] The value of the semi-static / dynamic switching time can also be configured / indicated by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling from the gNB / LMF / SF.

[0412] (Alt-c)

[0413] The value of the semi-static / dynamic switching time can be decided in compliance with the UE capability report.

[0414] Embodiment 5-3

[0415] In Embodiment 5-3, the association between the parameters of the sensing BWP and the communication BWP is described.

[0416] In 1 serving cell, the activated DL / UL BWP for communication and the (activated) DL / UL BWP for sensing can be defined with a specific association / correspondence / mapping with respect to at least one of the parameters shown below.

[0417] FIGS. 10 to 13 are diagrams each representing an example of the association between the parameters of the sensing BWP and the communication BWP according to the fifth embodiment.

[0418] [Numeralogy]

[0419] (Alt-a)

[0420] The numerology of the DL / UL BWP for sensing can be independent of the activated / initial / first DL / UL BWP for communication.

[0421] (Alt-b)

[0422] The numerology of the DL / UL BWP for sensing can be the same as the activated / initial / first DL / UL BWP for communication.

[0423] (Alt-c)

[0424] A specific relationship can be defined between the numerology of the DL / UL BWP for sensing and the DL / UL BWP for initial / first communication. For example, in a case where the numerology of the DL / UL BWP for initial / first communication has a certain SCS value, a candidate SCS value of the numerology of the DL / UL BWP for sensing can also be defined for the SCS value.

[0425] [Location / size / center frequency of BWP]

[0426] With respect to the location / size / center frequency of the BWP, at least one (combinable) of the following conditions 1 to 5 can be applied. In addition, in a case where none of the conditions 1 to 3 is applied, the conditions 4 to 5 can be supported. In each of the following conditions, the object of inclusion / repetition can be the frequency domain.

[0427] (Condition 1)

[0428] The center frequency of the DL / UL BWP for sensing and the DL / UL BWP for communication is the same (see Figures 10A-10D , Figures 11A-11D ).

[0429] (Condition 2)

[0430] The activated DL / UL BWP for communication is completely included in the (activated) DL / UL BWP for sensing (see Figures 10A-10D ).

[0431] (Condition 3)

[0432] The (activated) DL / UL BWP for sensing is completely included in the activated DL / UL BWP for communication (see Figures 11A-11D ).

[0433] (Condition 4)

[0434] The (activated) DL / UL BWP for sensing and the activated DL / UL BWP for communication do not overlap in the frequency domain (see Figures 12A-12D ).

[0435] (Condition 5)

[0436] The (activated) DL / UL BWP for sensing and the activated DL / UL BWP for communication partially overlap (see Figures 13A-13D ).

[0437] (Variation)

[0438] For example, the bandwidth of the (activated) DL / UL BWP for sensing can be either larger than or smaller than the activated DL / UL BWP for communication.

[0439] The correspondence between communication / sensing in Embodiment 5-3 can depend on UE capability.

[0440] According to the fifth embodiment described above, the correspondence of parameters between the BWP for sensing and the BWP for communication can be explicitly specified.

[0441] <Modification example>

[0442] Among the scenarios in which sensing according to embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied, for example, in a bistatic sensing from gNB to UE / bistatic sensing among multiple UEs, at least one of the following can be supported.

[0443] (Option A)

[0444] The UE measures the sensing channel / signal only in the RRC-CONNECTED mode.

[0445] (Option B)

[0446] The UE measures the sensing channel / signal in the RRC-CONNECTED mode / RRC-inactive mode.

[0447] Among the scenarios in which sensing according to embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied, for example, in a bistatic sensing from UE to gNB / bistatic sensing among multiple UEs, at least one of the following can be supported.

[0448] (Option A)

[0449] The UE measures the sensing channel / signal only in the RRC-CONNECTED mode.

[0450] (Option B)

[0451] The UE measures the sensing channel / signal in the RRC-CONNECTED mode / RRC-inactive mode.

[0452] In the present disclosure, for example, with respect to the correspondence relation of the parameters between the communication / sensing of Embodiment 5-3, mainly the correspondence relation in the frequency domain is exemplified. However, it is not limited thereto. For example, the correspondence relation of the parameters between the communication / sensing of Embodiment 5-3 can also be applied in the time domain. That is, the frequency domain of Embodiment 5-3 can be replaced with the time domain to be applied. More specifically, with respect to the location / size / center frequency of the BWP of Embodiment 5-3, the object of "included / repeated" in each condition can be the time domain.

[0453] [Supplement]

[0454] [Notification of information to UE]

[0455] The notification of arbitrary information to the UE (in other words, the reception of arbitrary information from the BS in the UE) in the above-described embodiments from the network (Network (NW)) (for example, a base station (Base Station (BS))) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (for example, DCI), high layer signaling (for example, RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (for example, PDCCH, PDSCH, a reference signal), or a combination of these.

[0456] In the case where the above-described notification is performed by the MAC CE, it can also be identified by the case where a new logical channel ID (Logical Channel ID (LCID)) that is not specified in the existing standard is included in the MAC subheader.

[0457] In the case where the above-described notification is performed by the DCI, it can also be performed by a specific field of the DCI, a radio network temporary identifier (Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI)) used in the scrambling of the cyclic redundancy check (Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, and the like.

[0458] Further, the notification of arbitrary information to the UE in the above-described embodiments can also be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0459] [Notification of information from UE]

[0460] The notification of arbitrary information from the UE (to the NW) in the above-described embodiments (in other words, the transmission / reporting of arbitrary information in the UE to the BS) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (for example, UCI), higher layer signaling (for example, RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (for example, PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination of these.

[0461] In the case where the above-described notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by being included in a MAC subheader using a new LCID that is not specified in the existing standard.

[0462] In the case where the above-described notification is performed by UCI, the above-described notification can also be transmitted using a PUCCH or a PUSCH.

[0463] Furthermore, the notification of arbitrary information from the UE in the above-described embodiments can also be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0464] [Application of Each Embodiment]

[0465] At least one of the above-described embodiments can also be applied in a case where a specific condition is satisfied. The specific condition can be specified in a standard or can be notified to the UE / BS using higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling.

[0466] At least one of the above-described embodiments can also be applied only to a UE that reports a specific UE capability or a UE that supports the specific UE capability.

[0467] The specific UE capability can also indicate at least one of the following:

[0468] • Support of a specific process / operation / control / information related to at least one of the above-described embodiments.

[0469] • Support of an ISAC operation.

[0470] • Awareness of an ISAC operation.

[0471] • Awareness of allocation / partitioning of ISAC resources and communication resources that are TDMed.

[0472] • Awareness of allocation / partitioning of ISAC resources and communication resources that are FDMed.

[0473] • Awareness of allocation / partitioning of ISAC resources and communication resources that are TDM-FDMed.

[0474] • Awareness of allocation / partitioning of sensing (ISAC) resources and communication resources that are spatially division multiplexed (SDM).

[0475] • Awareness of allocation / partitioning of sensing (ISAC) resources and communication resources that are code division multiplexed (CDM).

[0476] • Awareness of specific combinations of methods that support allocation / partitioning / multiplexing of sensing (ISAC) resources and communication resources.

[0477] • Awareness of configuration of measurement channels / signals / resources per serving cell / BWP.

[0478] • Awareness of measurement of occasions of sensing channels / signals / resources within a DL BWP.

[0479] • Awareness of measurement of occasions of sensing channels / signals / resources outside a DL BWP.

[0480] • Awareness of measurement of occasions of sensing channels / signals / resources without applying a measurement gap / without applying a measurement window / outside a measurement gap / outside a measurement window.

[0481] • Awareness of measurement gaps / measurement windows configured for measurement of occasions of sensing channels / signals / resources.

[0482] • Awareness of a supported number of measurement gaps / measurement windows configured for occasions of sensing channels / signals / resources.

[0483] • Awareness of measurement of multiple occasions of sensing channels / signals / resources within 1 measurement gap / within a measurement window.

[0484] • Awareness of a supported number of occasions of sensing channels / signals / resources measured within 1 measurement gap / within a measurement window.

[0485] • Awareness of measurement of occasions of sensing channels / signals / resources with the same beam within 1 measurement gap / within a measurement window.

[0486] • Awareness of a supported number of occasions of sensing channels / signals / resources measured within 1 measurement gap / within a measurement window and with the same beam.

[0487] • Awareness of measurement of occasions of sensing channels / signals / resources with different beams within 1 measurement gap / within a measurement window.

[0488] • Awareness of a supported number of occasions of sensing channels / signals / resources measured within 1 measurement gap / within a measurement window and with different beams.

[0489] • Support of DL / UL BWP for sensing separate from DL / UL BWP for communication.

[0490] • Supported maximum number of DL / UL BWP for sensing that can be configured per serving cell.

[0491] • Supported maximum total number of DL / UL BWP for sensing / communication that can be configured per serving cell.

[0492] • Support of measurement of sensing channel / signal in RRC-CONNECTED mode / RRC-inactive mode.

[0493] Further, the above-described specific UE capability can be a capability that is applied throughout the entire frequency (commonly regardless of the frequency), a capability per frequency (e.g., one or a combination of these among a cell, a band, a band combination, a BWP, a component carrier, etc.), a capability per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), a capability per SubCarrierSpacing (SCS), or a capability per Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC).

[0494] Further, the above-described specific UE capability can be a capability that is applied throughout the entire duplex method (commonly regardless of the duplex method), or a capability per duplex method (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0495] Further, at least one of the above-described embodiments can also be applied in a case where the UE is configured / activated / triggered by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling of specific information (or operations implementing the above-described embodiments) associated with the above-described embodiments. For example, the specific information can also be information indicating activation of a Rel.18 TCI state, any RRC parameter for a specific Release (e.g., Rel.18 / 19), etc.

[0496] The UE can also apply the operation of Rel. 15 / 16, for example, in a case where at least one of the above-described specific UE capabilities is not supported or in a case where the above-described specific information is not set.

[0497] (Postscript)

[0498] With regard to the embodiment of the present disclosure (first / second / fifth embodiment), the invention described below is postscript.

[0499] [Postscript 1]

[0500] A terminal has:

[0501] a reception unit that receives information related to a measurement configuration for sensing; and

[0502] a control unit that controls a measurement of the sensing based on the measurement configuration.

[0503] [Postscript 2]

[0504] The terminal described in Postscript 1, wherein

[0505] The measurement configuration is configured per bandwidth part (BWP) or serving cell.

[0506] [Postscript 3]

[0507] The terminal described in Postscript 1 or Postscript 2, wherein

[0508] The control unit controls the measurement of the sensing inside and outside of a bandwidth part (BWP).

[0509] [Postscript 4]

[0510] The terminal described in any one of Postscripts 1 to 3, wherein

[0511] The reception unit receives a configuration of the bandwidth part (BWP) for sensing,

[0512] The control unit controls the measurement of the sensing based on the configuration of the bandwidth part (BWP) for sensing.

[0513] (Postscript)

[0514] With regard to the embodiment of the present disclosure (third embodiment), the invention described below is postscript.

[0515] [Postscript 1]

[0516] A terminal has:

[0517] a reception unit that receives a channel or signal for sensing; and

[0518] a control unit that controls measurement of the channel or signal based on whether or not the measurement gap for sensing is applied.

[0519] [Para 2]

[0520] The terminal according to Para 1, wherein

[0521] The reception unit receives a set parameter of the measurement gap,

[0522] The control unit controls measurement of the channel or signal based on the set parameter.

[0523] [Para 3]

[0524] The terminal according to Para 1 or 2, wherein

[0525] In a case where the measurement gap for sensing is applied, the control unit controls not to perform measurement or transmission of a specific channel or signal.

[0526] [Para 4]

[0527] The terminal according to any one of Paras 1 to 3, wherein

[0528] The control unit controls measurement of the channel or signal based on a measurement gap set for radio resource management (RRM) measurement or a processing window for positioning.

[0529] (Para)

[0530] Regarding an embodiment of the present disclosure (fourth / fifth embodiment), the invention of the following Para.

[0531] [Para 1]

[0532] A terminal has:

[0533] a reception unit that receives information related to setting of a bandwidth part (BWP) for sensing; and

[0534] a control unit that controls measurement of the channel or signal for sensing based on the measurement setting.

[0535] [Para 2]

[0536] The terminal according to Para 1, wherein

[0537] The reception unit receives information related to setting of a BWP for communication different from the BWP for sensing,

[0538] The control unit controls switching between the BWP for sensing and the BWP for the communication.

[0539] [Para 3]

[0540] The terminal according to any one of Paras 1 to 2, wherein

[0541] The BWP for sensing and the BWP for communication at least partially overlap in the frequency domain, or do not overlap in the frequency domain.

[0542] [Para 4]

[0543] The terminal according to any one of Paras 1 to 3, wherein

[0544] The control unit controls transmission of the channel or signal for sensing for each of the BWPs based on the settings of the BWPs.

[0545] (Wireless communication system)

[0546] Hereinafter, a configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. In the wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0547] Figure 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (may also be referred to simply as system 1) can also be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), or the like.

[0548] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple radio access technologies (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC can also include dual connectivity of LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity of NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), and the like.

[0549] In EN-DC, the base station (eNB) of LTE (E-UTRA) is a master node (MN), and the base station (gNB) of NR is a secondary node (SN). In NE-DC, the base station (gNB) of NR is an MN, and the base station (eNB) of LTE (E-UTRA) is an SN.

[0550] The wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity of both an MN and an SN being base stations (gNBs) of NR (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0551] The wireless communication system 1 can also have a base station 11 that forms a macro cell C1 with a wide coverage, and a base station 12 (12a-12c) that is configured within the macro cell C1 and forms a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macro cell C1. The user terminal 20 can also be located within at least one cell. The configuration, number, and the like of the cells and the user terminal 20 are not limited to the manner shown in the drawing. Hereinafter, the base stations 11 and 12 are collectively referred to as base stations 10 without distinction.

[0552] The user terminal 20 can also be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 can also use at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CCs) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0553] Each of the CCs can also be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell Cl can also be included in the FR1, and the small cell C2 can also be included in the FR2. For example, the FR1 can also be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and the FR2 can also be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). In addition, the frequency bands, definitions, and the like of the FR1 and the FR2 are not limited thereto, and for example, the FR1 can also correspond to a frequency band higher than the FR2.

[0554] Furthermore, in each of the CCs, the user terminal 20 can also communicate using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD).

[0555] The plurality of base stations 10 can also be connected by wire (for example, optical fiber based on Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, or the like) or wirelessly (for example, NR communication). For example, when NR communication is utilized as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to a higher station can also be referred to as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to a relay station can also be referred to as an IAB node.

[0556] The base station 10 can also be connected to a core network 30 via another base station 10 or directly. The core network 30 can also include at least one of, for example, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), or the like.

[0557] The core network 30 can also include, for example, a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), a Sensing Function (SF), an Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OAM), and the like network functions (NFs). Also, a plurality of functions can be provided by one network node. Further, communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) can be performed via a DN.

[0558] The user terminal 20 can also be a terminal that supports at least one of LTE, LTE-A, 5G, and the like.

[0559] In the wireless communication system 1, a wireless access scheme based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) can also be used. For example, in at least one of Downlink (DL) and Uplink (UL), Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), and the like can also be used.

[0560] The radio access scheme can also be referred to as a waveform. Further, in the radio communication system 1, other radio access schemes (for example, other single carrier transmission schemes, other multicarrier transmission schemes) can also be applied in the radio access schemes of the UL and the DL.

[0561] As downlink channels, in the radio communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), and the like, which are shared among the user terminals 20, can also be used.

[0562] Further, as uplink channels, in the radio communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), and the like, which are shared among the user terminals 20, can also be used.

[0563] User data, higher layer control information, a System Information Block (SIB), and the like, can be transmitted through the PDSCH. User data, higher layer control information, and the like, can also be transmitted through the PUSCH. Further, a Master Information Block (MIB) can also be transmitted through the PBCH.

[0564] Lower layer control information can also be transmitted through the PDCCH. The lower layer control information can also include, for example, downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)) including scheduling information of at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0565] Further, the DCI that schedules the PDSCH can also be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, or the like, and the DCI that schedules the PUSCH can also be referred to as a UL grant, a UL DCI, or the like. Further, the PDSCH can also be replaced with DL data, and the PUSCH can also be replaced with UL data.

[0566] In the detection of the PDCCH, a control resource set (CORESET) and a search space can also be utilized. The CORESET corresponds to a resource in which the DCI is searched for. The search space corresponds to a search area and a search method of the PDCCH candidate. One CORESET can also be associated with one or a plurality of search spaces. The UE can also monitor the CORESET associated with a certain search space based on a search space setting.

[0567] One search space can also correspond to a PDCCH candidate that matches one or a plurality of aggregation levels. One or a plurality of search spaces can also be referred to as a search space set. In addition, the "search space", "search space set", "search space setting", "search space set setting", "CORESET", "CORESET setting", and the like of the present disclosure can also be replaced with each other.

[0568] The uplink control information (Uplink Control Information (UCI)) including at least one of channel state information (Channel State Information (CSI)), delivery acknowledgement information (for example, also referred to as a Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, and the like), and a scheduling request (Scheduling Request (SR)) can also be transmitted through the PUCCH. The random access preamble for establishing a connection with the cell can also be transmitted through the PRACH.

[0569] In addition, in the present disclosure, "downlink", "uplink", and the like can also be described without "link". Furthermore, "Physical" can also be described without the beginning of various channels.

[0570] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (Synchronization Signal (SS)), a downlink reference signal (Downlink Reference Signal (DL-RS)), and the like can also be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as the DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS)), a channel state information reference signal (Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)), a demodulation reference signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS)), a positioning reference signal (Positioning Reference Signal (PRS)), a phase tracking reference signal (Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS)), and the like can also be transmitted.

[0571] The synchronization signal can be, for example, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS)) and a secondary synchronization signal (Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS)). A signal block containing the SS (PSS, SSS) and the PBCH (and the DMRS for the PBCH) can also be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS block (SS Block (SSB)), or the like. In addition, the SS, the SSB, and the like can also be referred to as a reference signal.

[0572] Further, in the wireless communication system 1, as an uplink reference signal (Uplink Reference Signal (UL-RS)), a measurement reference signal (Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and the like can also be transmitted. In addition, the DMRS can also be referred to as a user terminal-specific reference signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).

[0573] (Base station)

[0574] Figure 15FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a structure of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmission / reception unit 120, a transmission / reception antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140. Note that the control unit 110, the transmission / reception unit 120, the transmission / reception antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 can each be provided more than one.

[0575] In the present example, the functional blocks of the characteristic portions in the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it is also conceivable that the base station 10 has other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Part of the processing of each unit described below can also be omitted.

[0576] The control unit 110 implements control of the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured by a controller, a control circuit, or the like described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains.

[0577] The control unit 110 can also control generation of signals, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), and the like. The control unit 110 can also control transmission / reception, measurement, and the like using the transmission / reception unit 120, the transmission / reception antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 can also generate data, control information, a sequence, and the like transmitted as signals, and forward them to the transmission / reception unit 120. The control unit 110 can also perform call processing (setting, release, and the like) of a communication channel, state management of the base station 10, management of wireless resources, and the like.

[0578] The transmission / reception unit 120 can include a baseband unit 121, a Radio Frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 can include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transmission / reception unit 120 can be configured by a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transmission / reception circuit, and the like described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains.

[0579] The transmission / reception unit 120 can be configured as an integrated transmission / reception unit, or can be configured by a transmission unit and a reception unit. The transmission unit can be configured by the transmission processing unit 1211 and the RF unit 122. The reception unit can be configured by the reception processing unit 1212, the RF unit 122, and the measurement unit 123.

[0580] The transmission / reception antenna 130 can be constituted by an antenna such as an array antenna, which can be explained based on common knowledge in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains.

[0581] The transmission / reception unit 120 can also transmit the downlink channel, the synchronization signal, the downlink reference signal, and the like described above. The transmission / reception unit 120 can also receive the uplink channel, the uplink reference signal, and the like described above.

[0582] The transmission / reception unit 120 can also use digital beamforming (for example, precoding), analog beamforming (for example, phase rotation), and the like to form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam.

[0583] The transmission / reception unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) can also, for example, generate a bit string to be transmitted by performing processing of a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, processing of a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (for example, RLC retransmission control), processing of a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (for example, HARQ retransmission control), and the like with respect to data, control information, and the like acquired from the control unit 110.

[0584] The transmission / reception unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) can also perform transmission processing of channel coding (which can include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (as necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, digital-analog conversion, and the like with respect to the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0585] The transmission / reception unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also perform modulation to a wireless band, filter processing, amplification, and the like with respect to the baseband signal, and transmit a signal of the wireless band via the transmission / reception antenna 130.

[0586] On the other hand, the transmission / reception unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also perform amplification, filter processing, demodulation to a baseband signal, and the like with respect to a signal of the wireless band received by the transmission / reception antenna 130.

[0587] The transmission / reception unit 120 (reception processing unit 1212) can also apply, to the obtained baseband signal, reception processing such as analog-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (as necessary), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which can also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, and the like, to obtain user data and the like.

[0588] The transmission / reception unit 120 (measurement unit 123) can also perform measurement related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 can also perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurement, Channel State Information (CSI) measurement, and the like, based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 can also perform measurement with respect to received power (for example, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), reception quality (for example, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (for example, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (for example, CSI), and the like. The measurement result can also be output to the control unit 110.

[0589] The transmission path interface 140 can also transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between apparatuses included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NF), other base stations 10, and the like, and can also acquire, transmit, and the like, user data (user plane data), control plane data, and the like, for the user terminal 20.

[0590] In addition, the transmission unit and the reception unit of the base station 10 in the present disclosure can also be constituted by at least one of the transmission / reception unit 120, the transmission / reception antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0591] The transmission / reception unit 120 can also transmit information related to the transmission power of a channel or a signal used for sensing.

[0592] The control unit 110 can decide the transmission power based on the information related to the transmission power. The control unit 110 can also control the transmission power depending on whether or not path loss estimation for a channel or a signal for sensing is performed.

[0593] (user terminal)

[0594] Figure 16 is a diagram showing an example of a structure of a user terminal according to an embodiment. The user terminal 20 is provided with a control unit 210, a transmission-reception unit 220, and a transmission-reception antenna 230. In addition, one or more of the control unit 210, the transmission-reception unit 220, and the transmission-reception antenna 230 can be provided.

[0595] In addition, in the present example, functional blocks of the characteristic part in the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it is also conceivable that the user terminal 20 has other functional blocks required for wireless communication. A part of the processing of each unit described below can also be omitted.

[0596] The control unit 210 performs control of the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be constituted by a controller, a control circuit, or the like described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains.

[0597] The control unit 210 can also control generation, mapping, and the like of a signal. The control unit 210 can also control transmission-reception, measurement, and the like using the transmission-reception unit 220 and the transmission-reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 can also generate data, control information, a sequence, and the like transmitted as a signal, and forward them to the transmission-reception unit 220.

[0598] The transmission-reception unit 220 can include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 can include a transmission processing unit 2211, a reception processing unit 2212. The transmission-reception unit 220 can be constituted by a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transmission-reception circuit, and the like described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains.

[0599] The transmission-reception unit 220 can be constituted as an integrated transmission-reception unit, or can be constituted by a transmission unit and a reception unit. The transmission unit can be constituted by the transmission processing unit 2211 and the RF unit 222. The reception unit can be constituted by the reception processing unit 2212, the RF unit 222, and the measurement unit 223.

[0600] The transmission-reception antenna 230 can be constituted by an antenna, for example, an array antenna, and the like described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains.

[0601] The transmission / reception unit 220 can also receive the above-described downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, and the like. The transmission / reception unit 220 can also transmit the above-described uplink channel, uplink reference signal, and the like.

[0602] The transmission / reception unit 220 can also use digital beamforming (for example, precoding), analog beamforming (for example, phase rotation), and the like, to form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam.

[0603] The transmission / reception unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211), for example, can also perform processing of a PDCP layer, processing of an RLC layer (for example, RLC retransmission control), processing of a MAC layer (for example, HARQ retransmission control), and the like, with respect to data, control information, and the like, acquired from the control unit 210, to generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0604] The transmission / reception unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) can also perform channel coding (may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, DFT processing (as necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-analog conversion, and the like, as transmission processing with respect to the bit string to be transmitted, to output a baseband signal.

[0605] In addition, as to whether or not to apply DFT processing, a setting of transform precoding can also be based. With respect to a certain channel (for example, PUSCH), in a case where transform precoding is activated (enabled), the transmission / reception unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) can also perform DFT processing as the above-described transmission processing in order to transmit the channel with a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and in a case where this is not so, the transmission / reception unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) can also not perform DFT processing as the above-described transmission processing.

[0606] The transmission / reception unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also perform modulation to a wireless band, filter processing, amplification, and the like, with respect to the baseband signal, to transmit a signal of the wireless band via the transmission / reception antenna 230.

[0607] On the other hand, the transmission / reception unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also perform amplification, filter processing, demodulation to a baseband signal, and the like, with respect to a signal of the wireless band received by the transmission / reception antenna 230.

[0608] The transmission / reception unit 220 (reception processing unit 2212) can also apply, to the obtained baseband signal, reception processing such as analog-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (as necessary), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which can also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, and the like, and obtain user data and the like.

[0609] The transmission / reception unit 220 (measurement unit 223) can also perform measurement related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 can also perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, and the like, based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 can also perform measurement with respect to received power (for example, RSRP), reception quality (for example, RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (for example, RSSI), propagation path information (for example, CSI), and the like. The measurement result can also be output to the control unit 210.

[0610] In addition, the measurement unit 223 can also derive channel measurement for CSI computation based on a channel measurement resource. The channel measurement resource can also be, for example, a Non Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS resource. Furthermore, the measurement unit 223 can also derive interference measurement for CSI computation based on an interference measurement resource. The interference measurement resource can also be at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, a CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resource, and the like. In addition, the CSI-IM can also be referred to as a CSI-Interference Management (IM), and can also be mutually replaced with a Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. In addition, in the present disclosure, the CSI-RS, the NZP CSI-RS, the ZP CSI-RS, the CSI-IM, the CSI-SSB, and the like can also be mutually replaced.

[0611] In addition, the transmission unit and the reception unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure can also be constituted by at least one of the transmission / reception unit 220 and the transmission / reception antenna 230.

[0612] The transmission / reception unit 220 can also receive information related to transmission power of a channel or a signal for sensing. The transmission / reception unit 220 can also receive the information per configuration of each sensing measurement. The information can protect at least one of transmission power, transmission power density, number of resource elements, number of resource blocks, and power-related parameters of the channel or the signal for sensing. The power-related parameter can be a parameter related to power offset or transmission power of the channel or the signal for sensing with respect to a certain reference signal.

[0613] The control unit 210 can also judge the time-division multiplexed sensing resource and the communication resource. The control unit 210 can also decide the transmission power based on the information related to the transmission power. The control unit 210 can also control the transmission power according to the presence or absence of the path loss estimation for the channel or signal for sensing. The control unit 210 can also decide the transmission power based on the transmission power expected. The control unit 210 can also decide the transmission power based on the path loss estimated from the reference path loss reference signal.

[0614] (Hardware structure)

[0615] In addition, the block diagrams used in the description of the above-described embodiments show blocks of functional units. These functional blocks (structural units) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block can be realized by one device physically or logically integrated, or by a plurality of devices physically or logically separated and connected directly or indirectly (for example, by wire, wireless, or the like). Each functional block can also be realized by combining the above-described one device or the above-described plurality of devices with software.

[0616] Here, among the functions, there are judgment, decision, determination, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, assigning, and the like, but are not limited thereto. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that realizes a transmission function can also be referred to as a transmitting unit, a transmitter, or the like. Any one of these is as described above, and the method of realization is not particularly limited.

[0617] For example, the base station, the user terminal, and the like in one embodiment of the present disclosure can also function as a computer that performs the processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 17 is a diagram that shows an example of a hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 can also be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, and the like.

[0618] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms of apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, and the like can be replaced with each other. The hardware structure of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 can be configured to include one or more of each of the apparatuses shown in the drawings, or can be configured not to include a part of the apparatuses.

[0619] For example, the processor 1001 is illustrated only one, but there can be a plurality of processors. In addition, the processing can be performed by one processor, or can be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or with other methods. In addition, the processor 1001 can be realized by one or more chips.

[0620] As for each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20, for example, by reading a specific software (program) into the processor 1001, the memory 1002, or the like hardware, at least one of the operation and the control of the communication via the communication apparatus 1004, or the read and the write of the data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003 is realized by the processor 1001.

[0621] The processor 1001 causes, for example, an operating system to operate to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 can also be configured by a central processing device (Central Processing Unit (CPU)) including an interface with a peripheral device, a control apparatus, a calculation apparatus, a register, and the like. For example, at least a part of the above-described control unit 110 (210), the transmission and reception unit 120 (220), and the like can also be realized by the processor 1001.

[0622] In addition, the processor 1001 reads a program (program code), a software module, data, and the like from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication apparatus 1004 to the memory 1002, and performs various processing according to them. As the program, a program that causes a computer to perform at least a part of the operations described in the above-described embodiments can be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) can also be realized by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated in the processor 1001, and the same can be applied to other functional blocks.

[0623] The memory 1002 can also be a computer-readable recording medium such as at least one of a Read Only Memory (ROM), an Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), an Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), other appropriate storage medium. The memory 1002 can also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory, and the like. The memory 1002 can hold programs (program codes), software modules, and the like, which are executable to implement the wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0624] The storage 1003 can also be a computer-readable recording medium such as at least one of a flexible disc, a Floppy (registered trademark) disc, a magneto-optical disc (e.g., a Compact Disc (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM), and the like), a Digital Versatile Disc, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disc), a removable disc, a hard disk drive, an intelligent card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, other appropriate storage medium. The storage 1003 can also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0625] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission-reception device) such as a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, and the like, for performing communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. The communication device 1004 can also be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, and the like, in order to implement at least one of Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD). The transmission-reception unit 120 (220), the transmission-reception antenna 130 (230), and the like described above can also be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmission-reception unit 120 (220) can also be implemented by a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) which are physically or logically separated.

[0626] The input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from the outside (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, or the like). The output device 1006 is an output device that implements output to the outside (for example, a display, a speaker, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp, or the like). In addition, the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 can also be a structure that is integrated (for example, a touch panel).

[0627] Further, the processor 1001, the memory 1002, and the like are connected through a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 can be configured with a single bus, or can be configured with different buses between the devices.

[0628] Further, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 can also be configured to include a microprocessor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like hardware, and a part or all of each functional block can also be implemented using the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware.

[0629] (Modified example)

[0630] In addition, the terms described in the present disclosure and the terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure can also be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (a signal or signaling) can also be replaced with each other. Further, the signal can also be a message. The Reference Signal can also be abbreviated as RS, and can also be referred to as a Pilot, a Pilot signal, or the like depending on the applied standard. Further, the Component Carrier (CC) can also be referred to as a cell, a frequency carrier, a carrier frequency, or the like.

[0631] A radio frame can also be configured with one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each period (frame) of the one or more periods (frames) that configure the radio frame can also be referred to as a subframe. Further, the subframe can also be configured with one or more slots in the time domain. The subframe can also be a fixed time length (for example, 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0632] Here, the numerology can also refer to a communication parameter applied in at least one of transmission and reception of a certain signal or channel. For example, the numerology can also represent at least one of a subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), a bandwidth, a symbol length, a cyclic prefix length, a transmission time interval (Transmission Time Interval (TTI)), a number of symbols per TTI, a radio frame structure, a specific filtering processing performed by a transmitter-receiver in a frequency domain, a specific windowing processing performed by the transmitter-receiver in a time domain, and the like.

[0633] A slot can also be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, and the like) in a time domain. Also, a slot can be a time unit based on numerology.

[0634] A slot can also include a plurality of mini-slots. Each mini-slot can also be composed of one or more symbols in a time domain. Also, a mini-slot can be referred to as a sub-slot. A mini-slot can also be composed of a smaller number of symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a larger time unit than a mini-slot can also be referred to as PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini-slot can also be referred to as PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0635] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, and a symbol all represent a time unit for transmitting a signal. A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, and a symbol can also use other names corresponding to each. Also, the time units of frame, subframe, slot, mini-slot, symbol, and the like in the disclosure can be replaced with each other.

[0636] For example, one subframe can also be referred to as a TTI, a plurality of consecutive subframes can also be referred to as a TTI, one slot or one mini-slot can also be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI can be a subframe (1 ms) in the existing LTE, can be a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or can be a period longer than 1 ms. Also, a unit representing a TTI can not be referred to as a subframe, but can be referred to as a slot, a mini-slot, or the like.

[0637] Here, the TTI refers to, for example, a minimum time unit of scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in the LTE system, the base station performs scheduling of allocating radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmission power, and the like that can be used in each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of the TTI is not limited to this.

[0638] The TTI can also be a transmission time unit of a data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, or the like that has been subjected to channel coding, and can also be a processing unit of scheduling, link adaptation, or the like. Note that when the TTI is given, the time interval (for example, the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, or the like is actually mapped can also be shorter than the TTI.

[0639] Note that in a case where one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as a TTI, one or more TTIs (that is, one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) can also be a minimum time unit of scheduling. Furthermore, the number of slots (the number of mini-slots) that constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling can also be controlled.

[0640] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms can also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a standard subframe, a long subframe, a slot, or the like. A TTI shorter than the normal TTI can also be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (or a fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini-slot, a sub-slot, a slot, or the like.

[0641] Note that the long TTI (for example, the normal TTI, the subframe, or the like) can also be replaced with a TTI having a time length exceeding 1 ms, and the short TTI (for example, the shortened TTI, or the like) can also be replaced with a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the long TTI and a TTI length of 1 ms or more.

[0642] A resource block (Resource Block (RB)) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and can also include one or more continuous subcarriers (subcarriers) in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in the RB can also be the same regardless of the numerology, and can also be 12, for example. The number of subcarriers included in the RB can also be determined based on the numerology.

[0643] Furthermore, the RB can also include one or more symbols in the time domain, and can also be the length of one slot, one mini-slot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, or the like can also be constituted by one or more resource blocks, respectively.

[0644] In addition, one or a plurality of RBs can also be referred to as a Physical RB (PRB), a Sub-Carrier Group (SCG), a Resource Element Group (REG), a PRB pair, a RB pair, or the like.

[0645] In addition, a resource block can also be composed of one or a plurality of Resource Elements (REs). For example, one RE can also be a wireless resource area of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0646] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, etc.) can also indicate a subset of contiguous common RBs (common resource blocks) for a certain numerology in a certain carrier. Here, the common RBs can be determined by the index of the RBs with reference to a common reference point of the carrier. A PRB can also be defined in a certain BWP and additionally numbered within the BWP.

[0647] A UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL) can also be included in a BWP. For a UE, one or a plurality of BWPs can also be configured within one carrier.

[0648] At least one of the configured BWPs can also be activated, and the UE can not be assumed to transmit and receive a specific signal / channel outside the activated BWP. In addition, "cell", "carrier", and the like in the present disclosure can also be replaced with "BWP".

[0649] In addition, the above-described structures of a radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, a symbol, and the like are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots of each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-slots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or a mini-slot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, Cyclic Prefix (CP) length, and the like within a TTI can be variously changed.

[0650] In addition, the information, parameters, and the like described in the present disclosure can be expressed by an absolute value, can be expressed by a relative value with respect to a specific value, and can also be expressed by corresponding other information. For example, a wireless resource can also be indicated by a specific index.

[0651] In the present disclosure, names used for parameters and the like are not names in all respects that are limiting. Furthermore, mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters can also be different from those explicitly disclosed in the present disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, and the like) and information elements can be identified by any appropriate names, and thus various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not names in all respects that are limiting.

[0652] Information, signals, and the like described in the present disclosure can also be represented by any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that can be referenced throughout the above description can be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0653] Furthermore, information, signals, and the like can be outputted in at least one direction, i.e., from higher layers (upper layers) to lower layers (lower layers) and from lower layers to higher layers. Information, signals, and the like can also be inputted / outputted via a plurality of network nodes.

[0654] Information, signals, and the like inputted / outputted can be stored in a specific location (e.g., a memory) and can be managed using a management table. Information, signals, and the like inputted / outputted can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Information, signals, and the like outputted can be deleted. Information, signals, and the like inputted can be transmitted to other devices.

[0655] Notification of information is not limited to the manners / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and can be performed using other methods. For example, notification of information in the present disclosure can also be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB), and the like), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0656] In addition, the physical layer signaling can also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), and the like. Furthermore, the RRC signaling can also be referred to as an RRC message, and can also be, for example, an RRC connection setup message, an RRC connection reconfiguration message, and the like. Furthermore, the MAC signaling can also be notified using, for example, a MAC control element (CE).

[0657] Furthermore, the notification of specific information (for example, the notification of "X is") is not limited to explicit notification, and can also be performed implicitly (for example, by not performing the notification of the specific information, or by the notification of other information).

[0658] The determination can be performed by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), can also be performed by a true / false value (boolean) represented by true or false, and can also be performed by a comparison of numerical values (for example, a comparison with a specific value).

[0659] Software, regardless of being referred to as software, firmware, middle-ware, microcode, a hardware description language, or by another name, should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, code (code), code segments (code segment), program code (program code), programs (program), sub-programs (sub-program), software modules (software module), applications (application), software applications (software application), software packages (software package), routines (routine), sub-routines (sub-routine), objects (object), executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and the like.

[0660] Moreover, software, instructions, information, etc. can also be sent using a transmission medium or signaling medium via a wired technology (coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), etc.), and / or wireless technology (infrared, microwave, etc.), etc. In this manner, software, instructions, etc. can be transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a transmission medium or signaling medium via at least one of wired technology, and / or wireless technology.

[0661] The terms “system” and “network” used in the present disclosure can be used interchangeably. The “network” can also mean a device (e.g., a base station) included in the network.

[0662] In the present disclosure, the terms “precoding”, “precoder”, “weight (precoding weight)”, “Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)”, “Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)”, “spatial relation”, “spatial domain filter”, “transmission power”, “phase rotation”, “antenna port”, “layer”, “number of layers”, “rank”, “resource”, “resource set”, “beam”, “beam width”, “beam angle”, “antenna”, “antenna element”, “panel”, “UE panel”, “transmitting entity”, “receiving entity”, etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0663] In addition, in the present disclosure, an antenna port can be replaced with an antenna port for an arbitrary signal / channel (e.g., a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, a resource can be replaced with a resource for an arbitrary signal / channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). In addition, a resource can include a time / frequency / symbol / spatial / power resource. Furthermore, a spatial domain transmission filter can include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0664] The above group, for example, can also include at least one of a spatial relation group, a code division multiplexing (Code Division Multiplexing (CDM)) group, a reference signal (Reference Signal (RS)) group, a control resource set (COntrol REsource SET (CORESET)) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (for example, a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, and the like.

[0665] Further, in the present disclosure, a beam, an SRS resource indicator (SRS Resource Indicator (SRI)), a CORESET, a CORESET pool (Pool), a PDSCH, a PUSCH, a codeword (Codeword (CW)), a transport block (transport block (TB)), an RS, and the like can also be replaced with each other.

[0666] Further, in the present disclosure, a TCI state, a downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), an uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), a unified TCI state, a common TCI state, a joint TCI state, and the like can also be replaced with each other.

[0667] Further, in the present disclosure, “QCL”, “QCL assumption”, “QCL relationship”, “QCL type information”, “QCL property / properties”, “property / properties of a specific QCL type (for example, Type A, Type D)”, “a specific QCL type (for example, Type A, Type D)”, and the like can also be replaced with each other.

[0668] In the present disclosure, an index, an identifier (Identifier (ID)), an indicator, an indication, a resource ID, and the like can also be replaced with each other. In the present disclosure, a sequence, a list, a set, a group, a cluster, a Cluster, a subset, and the like can also be replaced with each other.

[0669] Further, a spatial relation information identifier (Identifier (ID)) (TCI state ID) and spatial relation information (TCI state) can also be replaced with each other. The “spatial relation information (TCI state)” and “a set of spatial relation information (TCI states)”, “one or more spatial relation information”, and the like can also be replaced with each other. A TCI state and a TCI can also be replaced with each other. Spatial relation information and a spatial relation can also be replaced with each other.

[0670] In the present disclosure, the terms "Base Station (BS)", "wireless base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "access point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "panel", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", "component carrier", and the like can be used interchangeably. There are also cases where the base station is called with the terms such as macro cell, small cell, femto cell, pico cell, and the like.

[0671] The base station can accommodate one or plural (for example, three) cells. In a case where the base station accommodates plural cells, the coverage area of the base station as a whole can be divided into plural smaller areas, and each of the smaller areas can also be provided with a communication service by a base station subsystem (for example, a small base station for indoor use (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the whole of the coverage area of at least one of the base station and the base station subsystem that provides a communication service in the coverage.

[0672] In the present disclosure, the base station transmitting information to the terminal and the base station indicating control / operation based on the information for the terminal can be replaced with each other.

[0673] In the present disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)", "user terminal", "User Equipment (UE)", "terminal", and the like can be used interchangeably.

[0674] There are also cases where the mobile station is called with the terms such as subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, hand set, user agent, mobile client, client, or several other appropriate terms.

[0675] At least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be called a transmission device, a reception device, a wireless communication device, and the like. In addition, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be a device mounted on a moving object, a moving object body, and the like.

[0676] The term "mobile body" refers to a movable object whose speed is arbitrary, including situations where the body is stationary. Examples of such mobile bodies include vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, autonomous two-wheelers, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, trailers, rickshaws, ships (bottles and other watercraft), airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, drones, multi-rotor aircraft, quadcopters, balloons, and objects carried on them, but are not limited to these. Furthermore, the mobile body can also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operational commands.

[0677] The mobile entity can be a means of transportation (e.g., a vehicle, an airplane, etc.), a mobile entity moving in an unmanned manner (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may include a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0678] Figure 18 This figure illustrates an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a speed sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a gear shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0679] The drive unit 41 is comprised of at least one of an engine, a motor, or a combination of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 42 is configured to include at least a steering wheel (also called a handlebar) and to perform directional control on at least one of the front wheel 46 and the rear wheel 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel by the user.

[0680] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, a memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63). Signals from various sensors 50-58 present in the vehicle are input into the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 can also be referred to as an electronic control unit (ECU).

[0681] As the signals from the various sensors 50-58, there are a current signal from the current sensor 50 that senses (senses) the current to the motor, a rotational speed signal of the front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 that is acquired by the rotational speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 that is acquired by the air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal that is acquired by the vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal that is acquired by the acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 that is acquired by the accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 that is acquired by the brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 that is acquired by the shift lever sensor 57, a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, and the like that is acquired by the object detection sensor 58, and the like.

[0682] The information service unit 59 is constituted by a car navigation system, an audio system, a speaker, a display, a television, a radio, such as various devices for providing (outputting) various information of driving information, traffic information, entertainment information, and the like, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 provides various information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40 using information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like.

[0683] The information service unit 59 can include an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a key, a sensor, a touch panel, and the like) that receives input from the outside, and can include an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, a touch panel, and the like) that performs output to the outside.

[0684] The drive assist system unit 64 is constituted by one or more ECUs for controlling various devices for providing a function for preventing an accident from occurring or reducing a driving load on a driver, such as a millimeter wave radar, a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), a camera, a position locator (e.g., a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), etc.), map information (e.g., a High Definition (HD) map, an Autonomous Vehicle (AV) map, etc.), a gyro system (e.g., an Inertial Measurement Device (Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)), an Inertial Navigation Device (Inertial Navigation System (INS)), etc.), an Artificial Intelligence (AI) chip, an AI processor, and the like. Further, the drive assist system unit 64 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to implement a drive assist function or an autonomous driving function.

[0685] The communication module 60 is capable of communicating with the microprocessor 61 and the constituent elements of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) among the microprocessor 61 and the memory (ROM, RAM) 62, the various sensors 50-58, in the drive unit 41, the direction control unit 42, the accelerator pedal 43, the brake pedal 44, the shift lever 45, the left and right front wheels 46, the left and right rear wheels 47, the axle 48, the electronic control unit 49 provided in the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63.

[0686] The communication module 60 is capable of being controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and is a communication device capable of communicating with an external device. For example, various information is transmitted and received among the external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 can be located at either of the inside and the outside of the electronic control unit 49. The external device can also be, for example, the base station 10, the user terminal 20, and the like described above. Further, the communication module 60 can also be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above (may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0687] The communication module 60 can also transmit, to the external device via wireless communication, at least one of the signals from the above-described various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, and the like can also be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 can also contain information based on the above-described input.

[0688] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, and the like) transmitted from the external device and displays it to the information service unit 59 possessed by the vehicle. The information service unit 59 can also be referred to as an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a display, a speaker, and the like based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 60).

[0689] Further, the communication module 60 stores various information received from the external device in the memory 62 that can be utilized by the microprocessor 61. The microprocessor 61 can also perform control of the drive unit 41, the direction manipulation unit 42, the accelerator pedal 43, the brake pedal 44, the shift lever 45, the left and right front wheels 46, the left and right rear wheels 47, the axles 48, the various sensors 50-58, and the like possessed by the vehicle 40 based on the information stored in the memory 62.

[0690] Further, the base station in the present disclosure can also be replaced with a user terminal. For example, the structures in which the communication between the base station and the user terminal is replaced with communication between a plurality of user terminals (for example, can also be referred to as Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), and the like) can also apply the various modes / embodiments of the present disclosure. In this case, it can also be configured to have the functions possessed by the above-described base station 10 by the user terminal 20. Further, the terms such as "uplink", "downlink", and the like can also be replaced with terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, the uplink channel, the downlink channel, and the like can also be replaced with a sidelink channel.

[0691] Likewise, the user terminal in the present disclosure can also be replaced with a base station. In this case, it can also be configured to have the functions possessed by the above-described user terminal 20 by the base station 10.

[0692] In the present disclosure, actions performed by a base station are sometimes also performed by its upper node depending on the situation. Obviously, in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal can be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (for example, consider a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), and the like, but not limited to these), or a combination thereof.

[0693] The modes / embodiments explained in the present disclosure can be used individually, or in combination, and can also be used in switching as execution proceeds. Furthermore, the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, and the like of the modes / embodiments explained in the present disclosure can also be changed in order as long as there is no contradiction. For example, for the methods explained in the present disclosure, the elements of various steps are prompted using the order of the examples, but are not limited to the specific order prompted.

[0694] The modes / embodiments explained in the present disclosure can also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is an integer, a decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems using other appropriate wireless communication methods, next generation systems extended, modified, established, or specified based on them, and the like. Furthermore, a plurality of systems can also be combined (for example, LTE or LTE-A, in combination with 5G, and the like) to be applied.

[0695] The description "based on" used in the present disclosure does not mean "only based on" unless specifically written. In other words, the description "based on" means both "only based on" and "at least based on".

[0696] Any reference to an element or element means that the element can exist in either a singular or plural state. For example, a "first element" can refer to a single element or a plurality of elements. Any reference to a "first" or "second" element does not limit the quantity or order of those elements, but instead serves as a nomenclature for the elements. Thus, a reference to a first and second element does not mean that only two elements can be employed or that a first element must be employed prior to a second element.

[0697] The term "determining" as used in the disclosure encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as looking up in a table, a database or another data structure), ascertaining and the like.

[0698] In addition, "determining" can also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., transmitting information), inputting, outputting, accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory) and the like.

[0699] In addition, "determining" can also include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing and the like. That is, "determining" can also include activities that can be considered a "determination." In the disclosure, "determining" can be used interchangeably with the above-described operations.

[0700] In addition, in the disclosure, "determining" can be interchangeable with "assuming," "expecting," "considering" and the like. In addition, in the disclosure, "not assuming" can be interchangeable with "assuming not."

[0701] In the present disclosure, "expect" and "be expected" can be replaced with each other. For example, "expect(s)..." (for example, "... " can be expressed by a that clause, a to infinitive, and the like) and "be expected..." can be replaced with each other. "Does not expect..." and "be not expected..." can be replaced with each other. In addition, "An apparatus A is not expected..." and "A device B other than the apparatus A does not expect..." can be replaced with each other (for example, in a case where the apparatus A is a UE, the device B can also be a base station).

[0702] The "maximum transmission power" described in the present disclosure can refer to a maximum value of a transmission power, a nominal maximum transmission power (a nominal UE maximum transmission power), or a rated maximum transmission power (a rated UE maximum transmission power).

[0703] In the present disclosure, the term "connected" or "coupled" or all modifications thereof, used in the present disclosure, means all connections or couplings between two or more elements, directly or indirectly, and can include a case where one or more intermediate elements exist between two elements "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements can be physical or logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" can be replaced with "accessed".

[0704] In the present disclosure, in a case where two elements are connected, one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, and the like can be used, and electromagnetic energy having a wavelength in a radio frequency domain, a microwave region, an optical (both visible and non-visible) region, and the like can be used as several non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, and can be "connected" or "coupled" to each other.

[0705] In the present disclosure, the term "A is different from B" can mean "A and B are different from each other". In addition, the term can mean "A and B are different from C, respectively". The terms "separated", "coupled", and the like can be interpreted in the same manner as "different".

[0706] In the present disclosure, in the case where "include", "including", and variations thereof are used, these terms are intended to mean the same as the term "comprising". Furthermore, in the present disclosure, the term "or" is not intended to mean the exclusive or.

[0707] In the present disclosure, in the case where a definite article is added by translation, for example, a, an, and the in English, the present disclosure can also include the case where the noun following these definite articles is plural.

[0708] In the present disclosure, the expressions "below", "less than", "above", "more than", "equal to", and the like can also be replaced with each other. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, words meaning "good", "bad", "large", "small", "high", "low", "fast", "slow", "wide", "narrow", and the like are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative forms, and can also be replaced with each other. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, words meaning "good", "bad", "large", "small", "high", "low", "fast", "slow", "wide", "narrow", and the like, as expressions with "i-th" (i is an arbitrary integer) added, are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative forms, and can also be replaced with each other (for example, "highest" and "i-th highest" can also be replaced with each other).

[0709] In the present disclosure, "of", "for", "regarding", "related to", "associated with", and the like can also be replaced with each other.

[0710] In the present disclosure, "when A, B", "A, then B", "B upon A", "B in response to A", "B based on A", "B during / while A", "B before A", "B at (the same time as) / on A", "B after A", "B since A", "B until A", and the like can be replaced with each other. In addition, A, B, and the like here can be appropriately replaced with a noun, a gerund, a general sentence, and the like appropriate expression according to the context. In addition, the time difference between A and B can be approximately 0 (immediately after or immediately before). Furthermore, a time offset can also be applied to the time at which A occurs. For example, "A" can also be replaced with "A occurs with a time offset before / after". This time offset (for example, 1 or more symbols / slots) can be predetermined or determined by the UE based on notified information.

[0711] In the present disclosure, timing, time, time instance, arbitrary time unit (for example, slot, sub-slot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, and the like can be replaced with each other.

[0712] The above has been described in detail for the invention to which the present disclosure relates, but the invention to which the present disclosure relates is obviously not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The description of the present disclosure is for the purpose of illustration and does not have any limiting meaning on the invention to which the present disclosure relates.

Claims

1. A terminal, comprising: a reception unit that receives a channel or a signal for sensing; and a control unit that controls measurement of the channel or the signal based on whether or not a measurement gap for sensing is applied.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the reception unit receives a set parameter of the measurement gap, and the control unit controls measurement of the channel or the signal by applying the measurement gap based on the set parameter.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein in a case where the measurement gap for sensing is applied, the control unit controls so that measurement or transmission of a specific channel or signal is not performed.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls measurement of the channel or the signal based on a measurement gap set for a radio resource management (RRM) measurement or a processing window for positioning.

5. A wireless communication method of a terminal, comprising: a step of receiving a channel or a signal for sensing; and a step of controlling measurement of the channel or the signal based on whether or not a measurement gap for sensing is applied.

6. A base station, comprising: a transmission unit that transmits a channel or a signal for sensing; and a control unit that controls measurement of the channel or the signal based on whether or not a measurement gap for sensing is applied. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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