Extrusion and puffing discharging device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of extrusion equipment. The extrusion discharging device is characterized in that the extrusion discharging device comprises a screw rod assembly which comprises a main shaft and an adjusting screw rod arranged on the main shaft; a first adjusting conical surface is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting screw rod; the mounting cavity is used for connecting the bulking cavity and the moving cavity driving assembly; the connecting cavity is connected with the mounting cavity and is positioned on the discharging side of the mounting cavity; the movable cavity is located between the mounting cavity and the connecting cavity, the two ends of the movable cavity are arranged in the mounting cavity and the connecting cavity in a sleeved mode respectively, a second adjusting conical surface is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the movable cavity, and a material channel is formed between the second adjusting conical surface and the first adjusting conical surface. The device is used for solving the technical problem that an existing extrusion puffing discharging device is inconvenient in pressure adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of extrusion puffing equipment, specifically relating to an extrusion puffing discharge device. Background Technology

[0002] As the global livestock industry transforms towards intensification, standardization, and sustainable development, traditional feed processing technologies are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of modern farming.

[0003] Technical bottlenecks in shrimp feed production: 1. Insufficient stability in water: Shrimp feed produced by traditional ring die pellet mills usually has a water stability of less than 2 hours. The feed dissolves rapidly in water, resulting in low feed utilization (less than 80%), severe eutrophication of water bodies, and easy intestinal diseases in shrimp.

[0004] 2. Low degree of maturation and digestibility: Conventional steam conditioning has low temperature (usually ≤85℃) and short time, starch gelatinization degree is generally below 35%, protein denaturation is insufficient, and anti-nutritional factors remain high, which limits the growth performance of shrimp.

[0005] Poor formulation flexibility: It is difficult to handle shrimp feed formulations with high protein and low starch, and the limited amount of liquid added restricts the optimization of nutritional formulations.

[0006] Technical bottlenecks in poultry feed production: 1. Health and safety hazards: The conditioning temperature and pressure of traditional pelleting processes are insufficient to effectively inactivate pathogenic microorganisms such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli, posing a continuous threat to the health of breeding poultry and chicks.

[0007] 2. Low raw material utilization efficiency: Faced with the increasing number of unconventional raw materials (such as miscellaneous meals, DDGS, etc.), traditional processes are unable to destroy their fiber structure and anti-nutritional factors, resulting in poor pelleting effect and low feed conversion rate.

[0008] 3. Outdated process precision control: Existing equipment lacks dynamic and precise closed-loop control of key parameters, resulting in large fluctuations in product quality and persistently high energy consumption.

[0009] In recent years, with continuous breakthroughs in biotechnology and the ever-increasing demands for feed quality from intensive farming, animal feed research and development has increasingly focused on precise nutrition, high-efficiency utilization, and environmental friendliness. In the field of aquaculture and livestock feed, particularly targeting the unique physiological structure and feeding habits of shrimp and waterfowl, a series of targeted technological innovations have emerged, mainly including: The in-depth application of pre-digestion technology: Through enzyme engineering and bio-fermentation, macromolecules such as proteins and starches in feed ingredients are pre-treated in vitro, breaking them down into more easily absorbed small peptides and oligosaccharides. This technology not only significantly improves feed conversion rate and animal digestibility and absorption efficiency, but also effectively reduces the pollution of water bodies or the environment by undigested products, aligning with the development direction of green and healthy aquaculture.

[0010] In the field of aquatic and livestock feed processing, especially in the production of shrimp and duck feed, which have extremely high technical requirements, traditional feed processing technologies (such as conventional conditioning and pelleting) are facing increasingly severe challenges and bottlenecks. With the rapid transformation of shrimp farming and waterfowl farming towards intensification, large-scale production, and ecological practices, the market has set unprecedentedly high standards for the quality, efficiency, and functionality of feed products.

[0011] The pressure inside the puffing chamber is a key factor determining the quality of shrimp and poultry feed products, but existing pressure regulating devices are inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to provide an extrusion puffing discharge device to solve the technical problem of inconvenient pressure adjustment in existing extrusion puffing discharge devices.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an extrusion discharge device, characterized in that it includes: A screw assembly includes a main shaft and an adjusting screw disposed on the main shaft; a first adjusting cone surface is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting screw; The mounting cavity is used to connect the puffing cavity and the moving cavity drive assembly; A connecting cavity is connected to the mounting cavity and located on the discharge side of the mounting cavity; A movable cavity is located between the mounting cavity and the connecting cavity. Both ends of the movable cavity are respectively fitted into the mounting cavity and the connecting cavity. A second adjusting cone surface is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the movable cavity, and a material channel is formed between the second adjusting cone surface and the first adjusting cone surface. The moving cavity driving assembly drives the moving cavity to move axially relative to the mounting cavity and the connecting cavity, and the second adjusting cone surface moves axially relative to the first adjusting cone surface, thereby changing the area of ​​the material channel and realizing the pressure adjustment of the puffing cavity.

[0014] The change in axial displacement of the moving cavity causes a change in the distance between the second and first adjusting cone surfaces, thereby affecting the size of the material flow channel. When the channel narrows, the material flow resistance increases, leading to an increase in pressure inside the expansion cavity; conversely, when the channel widens, the pressure decreases, thus achieving direct and linear control of the cavity pressure through mechanical displacement.

[0015] To address the technical challenge of determining the distance between the mounting cavity and the connecting cavity, this invention employs the following technical solution: the distance between the mounting cavity and the connecting cavity is positioned using a positioning sleeve. The mounting cavity and the connecting cavity are connected as a single unit.

[0016] To solve the technical problem of how to fix the positioning sleeve, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the mounting cavity and the connecting cavity are flange-connected via a third connecting bolt, and the positioning sleeve is installed on the third connecting bolt. The mounting cavity and the connecting cavity are positioned by the positioning sleeve and fixed by a second connecting bolt, thus forming a whole.

[0017] To solve the technical problem of jamming at the contact surface between the mounting cavity and the moving cavity, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a first lubrication component is provided on the mounting cavity to lubricate the contact surface between the mounting cavity and the moving cavity.

[0018] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, wherein the first lubrication component includes: The first oil filling hole is located on the outer wall of the mounting cavity; The first annular oil groove is provided on the inner wall of the mounting cavity. The first annular oil groove is located on the discharge side of the first oil filling hole. The first annular oil groove is connected to the first oil filling hole via an inclined first oil passage.

[0019] The mounting cavity is provided with a first oil filling hole. Lubricating oil is injected and sent through the first oil passage to the first annular oil groove formed between the mounting cavity and the moving cavity. This is used to lubricate the contact surface between the moving cavity and the mounting cavity, ensuring smooth operation and wear resistance of the moving cavity during operation and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0020] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a first sealing element is provided between the mounting cavity and the main shaft, and the first sealing element is provided on both sides of the first annular oil groove.

[0021] To solve the technical problem of jamming at the contact surface between the moving cavity and the connecting cavity, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a second lubrication component is provided on the connecting cavity to lubricate the contact surface between the moving cavity and the connecting cavity.

[0022] To address the technical problem of how the second lubrication component is implemented, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, wherein the second lubrication component comprises: The second oil filling hole is located on the outer wall of the connecting cavity; The second annular oil groove is disposed on the inner side wall of the connecting cavity. The second annular oil groove is located on the feed side of the second oil filling hole, and the second annular oil groove is connected to the second oil filling hole via an inclined second oil passage.

[0023] The connecting cavity is provided with a second oil filling hole. Lubricating oil is injected and sent through the second oil passage to the second annular oil groove formed between the connecting cavity and the moving cavity. This is used to lubricate the contact surface between the moving cavity and the connecting cavity, ensuring the smooth operation and wear resistance of the moving cavity during operation and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0024] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a second sealing element is provided between the connecting cavity and the main shaft, and the second sealing element is provided on both sides of the second annular oil groove.

[0025] To solve the technical problem of how to implement the adjusting screw, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, wherein the adjusting screw is drum-shaped.

[0026] To solve the technical problem of how the first and second adjustment cones can be matched, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the cone angle α of the first adjustment cone is equal to the cone angle β of the second adjustment cone, and 180°≥α=β>90°.

[0027] To address the technical problem of unsatisfactory material fineness and uniformity, this invention adopts the following technical solution: the extrusion discharge device further includes a crushing mechanism located at the discharge end of the screw assembly, used for crushing the material. A highly efficient material crushing system is designed at the discharge end; the expanded material is effectively sheared and crushed into uniform powder by the crushing mechanism at the outlet for use in the next production process.

[0028] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, wherein the crushing mechanism includes: The crushing chamber is used to connect the expansion chamber on the discharge side of the connecting chamber; An outer gear ring is fitted inside the crushing chamber, and a first crushing tooth is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the outer gear ring; An internal gear ring is mounted on the main shaft at the discharge end, and a second crushing tooth is provided on the outer circumference of the internal gear ring; the second crushing tooth of the internal gear ring rotates and engages with the first crushing tooth of the outer gear ring to crush the material.

[0029] A high-efficiency material crushing system is designed at the discharge end. After expansion, the material is subjected to the relative motion of the fixed outer tooth ring and the rotating inner tooth ring of the crushing mechanism at the outlet. The material is effectively sheared and crushed into uniform powder for use in the next process.

[0030] To address the technical problem of further adjusting the pressure inside the expansion chamber, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the crushing chamber, the outer toothed ring, and the inner toothed ring are fitted with cones, the discharge channel becomes narrower, the material flow resistance increases, and the pressure inside the expansion chamber rises.

[0031] To address the technical challenge of further adjusting the pressure within the expansion chamber, this invention employs the following technical solution: the cone angle of the crushing chamber is 6°; the cone angle of the outer gear ring is 6°; and the cone angle of the inner gear ring is 90°≥ε≥20°. This narrows the discharge channel, increases the material flow resistance, and raises the pressure within the expansion chamber.

[0032] To solve the technical problem of how to realize the first crushing tooth, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the first crushing tooth is a helical tooth, and the front and rear end faces of the same first crushing tooth differ by an angle of γ, where 90°≥γ>6°.

[0033] To address the technical problem of small material contact area, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the second crushing tooth is a Z-shaped triangular tooth evenly distributed along the conical surface, which is used to increase the material contact area.

[0034] To solve the problem of rotation during the use of the external gear ring, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a limiting component is provided between the crushing chamber and the external gear ring to prevent the external gear ring from rotating.

[0035] To solve the technical problem of the internal gear ring not being securely fixed to the spindle, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a locking component is provided on the spindle to lock the internal gear ring.

[0036] To solve the technical problem of the extrusion discharge device remaining unchanged under manual adjustment, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the extrusion discharge device further includes a control mechanism, a temperature and pressure sensor, and a displacement sensor. The temperature and pressure sensor is used to detect the temperature and pressure inside the expansion chamber, and the displacement sensor is used to detect the axial movement distance of the moving chamber. The temperature and pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are connected to the control mechanism.

[0037] Displacement sensors and pressure / temperature sensors are connected to the control mechanism. During feed production and processing, the pressure and temperature values ​​displayed in the control mechanism are monitored in real time. The moving chamber in the pressure regulating mechanism can be adjusted within the control mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the extrusion discharge device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the extrusion discharge device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure regulating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure regulating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting screw of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing chamber and the outer gear ring of the crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external gear ring of the crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer toothed ring of the crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the internal gear ring of the crushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a side view of the internal gear ring of the crushing mechanism of the present invention; In the picture: 10. Extrusion discharge device; 100 feed chamber; 200 Expansion chamber; 210 First expansion chamber; 220 Second expansion chamber; 221 Second expansion chamber flange ring; 300 Pressure regulating mechanism; 310 Mounting cavity; 311 Mounting cavity flange ring; 312 First oil filling hole; 313 First oil passage; 314 First annular oil groove; 315 First sealing element; 320 Moving cavity; 321 Moving cavity flange ring; 322 Second adjusting cone surface; 330 Connecting cavity; 331 Connecting cavity flange ring; 332 Second oil filling hole; 333 Second oil passage; 334 Second annular oil groove; 335 Second sealing element; 340 Moving cavity drive assembly; 341 Telescopic rod; 342 Locking component; 350 positioning sleeve; 360 material channel; 400 Crushing mechanism; 410 Crushing chamber; 411 Crushing chamber flange ring; 412 First limiting hole; 420 External gear ring; 421 Helical tooth; 422 Second limiting hole; 430 Limiting component; 440 Locking assembly; 441 Double-ended threaded bolt; 442 Locking nut; 500 Screw assembly; 510 Main shaft; 520 First screw; 530 Adjusting screw; 531 First adjusting cone surface; 532 Sealing ring mounting hole; 540 Internal gear ring; 541 Second crushing tooth; 600 control mechanism; 610 temperature and pressure sensor; 701 First connecting bolt; 702 Second connecting bolt; 703 Third connecting bolt; 704 Fourth connecting bolt; 705 Fifth connecting bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The invention will be further described below with reference to the figures.

[0040] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an extrusion discharge device 10, including a feeding chamber 100, an expansion chamber 200, a pressure regulating mechanism 300, and a screw assembly 500.

[0041] The puffing chamber 200 includes a first puffing chamber 210 and a second puffing chamber 220. The feeding chamber 100 is flange-connected to the first puffing chamber 210.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the screw assembly 500 includes a main shaft 510, on which a first screw 520, an adjusting screw 530, and the first screw 520 are sequentially arranged. Figure 5 As shown, a first adjusting cone surface 531 is provided on the outer circumference of the adjusting screw 530 for adjusting the pressure inside the expansion chamber 200. The adjusting screw 530 is preferably a drum-shaped structure that is small at both ends and large in the middle. The longitudinal section of the drum shape is trapezoidal.

[0043] A sealing ring mounting groove 532 is machined on the feed end face of the adjusting screw 530 for placing a sealing element for sealing the contact end face between the first screw 520 and the adjusting screw 530.

[0044] A pressure regulating mechanism 300 is installed between the first puffing chamber 210 and the second puffing chamber 220 to regulate the pressure within the puffing chamber 200. In one embodiment, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the pressure regulating mechanism 300 includes a mounting cavity 310, a movable cavity 320, and a connecting cavity 330.

[0045] The mounting cavity 310 is provided with a mounting cavity flange ring 311 for mounting the moving cavity drive assembly 340.

[0046] The mounting cavity 310 is connected to the discharge end of the first puffing cavity 210 via the first connecting bolt 701.

[0047] In one embodiment, a first lubrication assembly is provided on the mounting cavity 310 for lubricating the contact surfaces between the mounting cavity and the movable cavity. Specifically, the mounting cavity 310 is provided with a first oil filling hole 312, a first oil passage 313, and a first annular oil groove 314. The first oil filling hole 312 is located on the outer wall of the mounting cavity 310. The first annular oil groove 314 is located on the inner wall of the mounting cavity 310, and is situated on the discharge side of the first oil filling hole 312. The first oil passage 313 is provided on the mounting cavity 310. The first oil passage 313 is inclined. The first oil filling hole 312 connects to the first annular oil groove 314 via the first oil passage 313.

[0048] In one embodiment, sealing ring mounting grooves are machined on the inner walls of the mounting cavities 310 on both sides of the first annular oil groove 314 for mounting the first sealing element 315. The first sealing element 315 is preferably an O-ring.

[0049] The movable cavity 320 is sleeved on the screw assembly 500 and located on the discharge side of the mounting cavity 310. The feed end of the movable cavity 320 is built into the discharge end of the mounting cavity 310. Specifically, the outer wall of the movable cavity 320 is built into the inner wall of the mounting cavity 310, and the outer wall of the movable cavity 320 can move axially relative to the inner wall of the mounting cavity 310.

[0050] A movable cavity flange ring 321 is provided on the movable cavity 320. The movable cavity flange ring 321 has circumferentially distributed through holes. A second adjusting cone surface 322 is provided on the inner wall of the movable cavity 320 for adjusting the pressure inside the puffing cavity 200. The second adjusting cone surface 322 cooperates with the first adjusting cone surface 531 of the adjusting screw 530 to adjust the pressure inside the puffing cavity 200. A material channel 360 is formed between the second adjusting cone surface 322 and the first adjusting cone surface 531. Preferably, a triangular convex ring is located in the middle of the inner wall of the movable cavity 320, with one side of the triangular convex ring being the second adjusting cone surface 322.

[0051] In one embodiment, to ensure precise and stable fit, the cone angle α of the first adjusting cone surface 531 of the adjusting screw 530 and the cone angle β of the second adjusting cone surface 322 of the moving cavity 320 are designed to be equal, and 180°≥α=β>90°.

[0052] The connecting cavity 330 is located on the discharge side of the movable cavity 320. The discharge end of the movable cavity 320 is built into the feed end of the connecting cavity 330. Specifically, the outer wall of the movable cavity 320 is built into the inner wall of the connecting cavity 330, and the outer wall of the movable cavity 320 can move axially relative to the inner wall of the connecting cavity 330.

[0053] In one embodiment, a second lubrication assembly is provided on the connecting cavity 330 for lubricating the contact surface between the moving cavity and the connecting cavity. Specifically, the connecting cavity 330 is provided with a second oil filling hole 332, a second oil passage 333, and a second annular oil groove 334. The second oil filling hole 332 is located on the outer wall of the connecting cavity 330. The second annular oil groove 334 is located on the inner wall of the connecting cavity 330, and is situated on the feed side of the second oil filling hole 332. The connecting cavity 330 is provided with a second oil passage 333. The second oil passage 333 is inclined. The second oil filling hole 332 connects to the second annular oil groove 334 via the second oil passage 333.

[0054] In one embodiment, sealing ring mounting grooves are respectively machined on the inner walls of the connecting cavities 330 on both sides of the second annular oil groove 334 for mounting the second sealing element 335. The second sealing element 335 is preferably an O-ring.

[0055] A connecting cavity flange ring 331 is provided on the connecting cavity 330 for flange connection between the mounting cavity 310 and the connecting cavity 330. Specifically, the connecting cavity flange ring 331 and the mounting cavity flange ring 311 are connected by a third connecting bolt 703.

[0056] A positioning sleeve 350 is fitted onto the third connecting bolt 703 to determine the distance between the mounting cavity 310 and the connecting cavity 330, which is also the axial movement distance of the movable cavity 320. The positioning sleeve 350 is located in the corresponding through hole on the movable cavity flange ring 321 of the movable cavity 320. The movable cavity 320 can move axially relative to the positioning sleeve 350.

[0057] The pressure regulating mechanism 300 is mounted on the mounting cavity 310 and fixed by the second connecting bolt 702. The telescopic rod 341 of the pressure regulating mechanism 300 passes through the flange ring 321 of the moving cavity and is fixed by the locking member 342. The mounting cavity 310 and the connecting cavity 320 are positioned by a positioning sleeve 350 and fixed by the second connecting bolt 703, and the mounting cavity 310 and the connecting cavity 320 are connected as a whole. The moving cavity 320 can be moved back and forth by the telescopic rod of the pressure regulating mechanism 300. The mounting cavity 310 and the connecting cavity 320 are provided with a first (second) oil filling hole. Lubricating oil is injected and sent through the first (second) oil passage to the first (second) annular oil groove formed between the moving cavity 320 and the mounting cavity 310 and the connecting cavity 320, so as to lubricate the contact surface between the moving cavity 320 and the mounting cavity 310 and the connecting cavity 330, ensuring the smoothness and wear resistance of the moving cavity 320 during operation and extending the service life of the equipment. The movable cavity 320, the mounting cavity 310, and the connecting cavity 330 are sealed with O-rings.

[0058] The second puffing chamber 220 is provided with a second puffing chamber flange ring 221 at both ends. The second puffing chamber flange ring 221 on the feed side is connected to the connecting chamber 330 by a fourth connecting bolt 704.

[0059] In one embodiment, the extrusion discharge device 10 further includes a crushing mechanism 400 for crushing materials.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figure 6As shown, the crushing mechanism 400 includes a crushing chamber 410 and an external gear ring 420. The contact end face between the crushing chamber 410 and the connecting chamber 330 has a stepped fit structure. A crushing chamber flange ring 411 is provided on the crushing chamber 410. The crushing chamber flange ring 411 is connected to the second expansion chamber flange ring 221 on the discharge side by a fifth connecting bolt 705.

[0061] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, a first breaking tooth 421 is provided on the inner sidewall of the outer gear ring 420. The first breaking tooth 421 is preferably a helical tooth. Preferably, the front and rear end faces of the same helical tooth 421 differ by an angle γ, where 90° ≥ γ > 6°.

[0062] In one embodiment, both the crushing chamber 410 and the external gear ring 420 are conical structures with a taper δ of 6°. Specifically, the crushing chamber 410 is a trumpet-shaped oral cavity.

[0063] In one embodiment, a limiting member 430 is provided on the crushing chamber 410 and the outer gear ring 420 to prevent radial rotation during use. Specifically, a first limiting hole 411 is provided on the feed side end face of the crushing chamber 410. A second limiting hole 422 is provided on the feed side end face of the outer gear ring 420. The second limiting hole 422 cooperates with the first limiting hole 411 and the limiting member 430 is provided. The limiting member 430 is preferably a pin.

[0064] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, an internal gear ring 540 is fitted onto the main shaft 510 within the crushing chamber 410 and locked in place by a locking assembly 440. The internal gear ring 540 engages with the external gear ring 420 to crush materials. Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the internal gear ring 540 is preferably a conical structure, with a cone angle of 90° ≥ ε ≥ 20°. Second breaking teeth 541 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer side wall of the internal gear ring 540. The second breaking teeth 541 are preferably Z-shaped triangular teeth. The Z-shaped triangular teeth are evenly distributed along the conical surface of the internal gear ring.

[0065] To meet the requirements of subsequent processes, a high-efficiency material crushing system was designed at the discharge end. At the outlet, the expanded material is effectively sheared and crushed into uniform powder by the relative motion of the fixed crushing mechanism 400's outer toothed ring 420 and the rotating inner toothed ring 540, for use in the next production process. To facilitate material crushing, the crushing tooth area needs to be increased. The outer toothed ring 420 adopts a helical tooth design, with the front and rear ends of the same tooth differing by an angle γ (90° ≥ γ > 6°). The discharge helical toothed ring 27 adopts a conical design with an angle δ equal to 6°, facilitating installation within the horn-shaped oral cavity 28. Both are equipped with pin holes, and a pin 29 is installed to fix the outer toothed ring 420 and the inner toothed ring 540, preventing radial rotation during use. The inner toothed ring 540 adopts a conical design (90° ≥ ε ≥ 20°), with the second crushing teeth 541 evenly distributed along the conical surface. This design further increases the material contact area, significantly improving the fineness and uniformity of the material.

[0066] In one embodiment, the locking assembly 440 includes a double-ended threaded bolt 441 and a locking nut 442.

[0067] The feeding chamber 100, expansion chamber 200, pressure regulating mechanism 300, and crushing mechanism 4 are connected as a whole by bolts. A main shaft 510 is installed through the interior of the chamber. Multiple sections of the first screw 520, drum-shaped screw 530, and internal gear ring 540 are sequentially assembled on the main shaft 510 according to the screw configuration requirements, forming the core of material conveying, extrusion, and shearing. Double-ended threaded bolts 441 and locking nuts 442 are installed on the end face of the main shaft 510 for fastening. A pressure and temperature sensor 610 is also installed to provide data for real-time monitoring, completing the assembly of the entire extrusion and discharge mechanism.

[0068] The moving cavity drive assembly 340 includes a telescopic rod 341 and a telescopic rod drive component. The telescopic rod 341 is attached to the moving cavity 320. Specifically, a connection hole is provided on the flange ring 321 of the moving cavity, and the front end of the telescopic rod 341 extends into the connection hole and is fitted with a locking component 342, thereby fixing the telescopic rod 341 to the moving cavity 320. Preferably, the connection hole is a stepped hole, which facilitates hiding the locking component 342 on the flange ring 321 of the moving cavity.

[0069] The telescopic rod drive component is connected to the mounting cavity flange ring 311 by a second connecting bolt 702.

[0070] The telescopic rod drive can be a hydraulic telescopic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0071] In one embodiment, the extrusion discharge device 10 further includes a control mechanism 600, a temperature and pressure sensor 610, and a displacement sensor. Preferably, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the temperature and pressure sensor 610 is mounted on the connecting cavity 330. The displacement sensor is used to detect the movement distance of the telescopic rod. The temperature and pressure sensor 610 and the displacement sensor are connected to the uniform control mechanism 600.

[0072] The moving cavity drive assembly 340 and the pressure and temperature sensor 610 are connected to the control mechanism 600. During feed production and processing, the pressure and temperature values ​​in the control mechanism 600 are monitored and displayed in real time. Because the moving cavity drive assembly 340 contains a displacement sensor, the moving cavity 320 in the pressure regulating mechanism 300 can be adjusted within the control mechanism 600. Changes in the axial displacement of the moving cavity 320 alter the distance between the second adjusting cone surface 322 and the first adjusting cone surface 531, thereby affecting the size of the material flow channel 360. When the channel narrows, the material flow resistance increases, leading to a rise in pressure within the expansion cavity; conversely, a wider channel reduces pressure. This achieves direct and linear control of the cavity pressure through mechanical displacement.

[0073] This invention, through an integrated and intelligent design, constructs a compact, precisely controlled, and reliable extrusion discharge mechanism. It can flexibly adapt to the production process requirements of shrimp and waterfowl feed. By precisely controlling the pressure and temperature during the extrusion process, and supplemented by efficient terminal crushing, it ultimately improves feed quality (such as water stability and digestibility) while ensuring the continuity and stability of production. It is particularly suitable for modern aquatic and livestock feed extrusion pelleting production.

[0074] This invention, an extrusion discharge device, integrates mechanical engineering, fluid dynamics, thermodynamics, and intelligent control technologies. It focuses on using the principles of high temperature, high pressure, and high shear to condition, cook, expand, and crush feed ingredients to produce specialty feeds with high digestibility, high water stability, and high biological safety.

[0075] This invention, an extrusion feeding device, incorporates the latest scientific research findings and development trends, aiming to provide a more scientific and rational solution for shrimp and waterfowl feed aquaculture. By integrating pre-digestion technology with advanced pelleting processes, this solution is expected to further upgrade the aquatic feed industry and contribute to promoting sustainable shrimp and waterfowl feed aquaculture.

[0076] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical features and concepts of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and embodiments of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extrusion discharge device, characterized in that, include: A screw assembly includes a main shaft and an adjusting screw disposed on the main shaft; a first adjusting cone surface is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting screw; The mounting cavity is used to connect the puffing cavity and the moving cavity drive assembly; A connecting cavity is connected to the mounting cavity and located on the discharge side of the mounting cavity; A movable cavity is located between the mounting cavity and the connecting cavity. Both ends of the movable cavity are respectively fitted into the mounting cavity and the connecting cavity. A second adjusting cone surface is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the movable cavity, and a material channel is formed between the second adjusting cone surface and the first adjusting cone surface. The moving cavity driving assembly drives the moving cavity to move axially relative to the mounting cavity and the connecting cavity, and the second adjusting cone surface moves axially relative to the first adjusting cone surface, thereby changing the area of ​​the material channel and realizing the pressure adjustment of the puffing cavity.

2. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting cavity and the connecting cavity are positioned by a positioning sleeve.

3. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting cavity and the connecting cavity are flange-connected via a third connecting bolt, and the positioning sleeve is provided on the third connecting bolt.

4. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting cavity is provided with a first lubrication component for lubricating the contact surface between the mounting cavity and the movable cavity.

5. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first lubrication assembly includes: The first oil filling hole is located on the outer wall of the mounting cavity; The first annular oil groove is provided on the inner wall of the mounting cavity. The first annular oil groove is located on the discharge side of the first oil filling hole. The first annular oil groove is connected to the first oil filling hole via an inclined first oil passage.

6. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first seal is provided between the mounting cavity and the main shaft, and the first seal is provided on both sides of the first annular oil groove.

7. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second lubrication component is provided on the connecting cavity to lubricate the contact surface between the moving cavity and the connecting cavity.

8. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second lubrication assembly includes: The second oil filling hole is located on the outer wall of the connecting cavity; The second annular oil groove is disposed on the inner side wall of the connecting cavity. The second annular oil groove is located on the feed side of the second oil filling hole, and the second annular oil groove is connected to the second oil filling hole via an inclined second oil passage.

9. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A second seal is provided between the connecting cavity and the main shaft, and the second seal is provided on both sides of the second annular oil groove.

10. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting screw is drum-shaped.

11. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The cone angle α of the first adjusting cone surface is equal to the cone angle β of the second adjusting cone surface of the moving cavity, and both are 180°≥α=β>90°.

12. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion discharge device also includes a crushing mechanism located at the discharge end of the screw assembly, used to crush materials.

13. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism includes: The crushing chamber is used to connect the expansion chamber on the discharge side of the connecting chamber; An outer gear ring is fitted inside the crushing chamber, and a first crushing tooth is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the outer gear ring; An internal gear ring is mounted on the main shaft at the discharge end, and a second crushing tooth is provided on the outer circumference of the internal gear ring; the second crushing tooth of the internal gear ring rotates and engages with the first crushing tooth of the outer gear ring to crush the material.

14. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The crushing chamber, the outer gear ring, and the inner gear ring are mating conical shapes.

15. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The cone angle of the crushing chamber is 6°; the cone angle of the external gear ring is 6°; the cone angle of the internal gear ring is ε, 90°≥ε≥20°.

16. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first crushing tooth is a helical tooth, and the front and rear end faces of the same first crushing tooth differ by an angle of γ, where 90° ≥ γ > 6°.

17. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The second crushing tooth is a Z-shaped triangular tooth evenly distributed along the conical surface, used to increase the material contact area.

18. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 14, characterized in that, A limiting element is provided between the crushing chamber and the outer gear ring to prevent the outer gear ring from rotating.

19. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 14, characterized in that, A locking assembly is provided on the main shaft for locking the internal gear ring.

20. The extrusion discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion discharge device also includes a control mechanism, a temperature and pressure sensor, and a displacement sensor. The temperature and pressure sensor is used to detect the temperature and pressure inside the extrusion chamber, and the displacement sensor is used to detect the axial movement distance of the moving chamber. The temperature and pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are connected to the control mechanism.

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