Rapidly-replaceable upper anvil assembly of large press machine and replacement method of rapidly-replaceable upper anvil assembly

Abstract

The upper anvil assembly comprises an upper anvil block and an upper anvil, a plurality of assembling grooves are formed in the side, close to the upper anvil, of the upper anvil block, the assembling grooves are formed by horizontally extending from the outer surface of the upper anvil block to the interior of the upper anvil block, and the assembling grooves are used for assembling T-shaped nuts. The assembling groove is matched with the T-shaped nut in shape and limits rotation of the T-shaped nut. A plurality of connecting grooves are formed in the side, close to the upper anvil block, of the upper anvil, the connecting grooves are formed by horizontally extending from the outer surface of the upper anvil to the interior of the upper anvil, and connecting bolts are assembled in the connecting grooves; the connecting bolts are connected and locked with inner holes of the T-shaped nuts in the corresponding assembling grooves through threads, the upper anvil block and the upper anvil are fixed, and adjusting holes used for rotating the connecting bolts are formed in the outer diameters of bolt heads of the connecting bolts; and a pin shaft for center positioning is arranged between the upper anvil block and the upper anvil. The upper anvil block and the upper anvil are connected through the connecting bolt and the T-shaped nut, and the connecting bolt is not subjected to radial force. The thread is not affected by thermal deformation and is kept in a long-term good state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an anvil assembly structure for hot processing of a large hydraulic press, specifically an upper anvil assembly for a large press that can be quickly replaced and a method for replacing it. Background Technology

[0002] Large presses can process forgings of various shapes, such as discs, rings, and long shafts. The anvil is made of heat-resistant hot-work die steel, which has a long processing cycle and is expensive. The upper anvil weighs 2 to 10 tons. After deformation during hot working, the upper anvil assembly of a conventional structure is extremely difficult to replace. In cases of unreasonable structure, it may even be impossible to disassemble, resulting in the simultaneous scrapping of tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of anvils and anvil stands, which seriously restricts the process and production efficiency of large production lines.

[0003] Ordinary press anvils and blocks use threaded or wedge-key connections. The threaded connection bears the entire weight of the anvil, and hot-working tools suffer from thermal fatigue and deformation, becoming unrecognizable after a period of use. Even when the entire mold set, including the anvil and block, is disassembled, strong workers using wrenches and sleeves often struggle to remove the bolts in a spacious, easily accessible area. Wedge-key structures require a crane to lift the block and force it to disassemble. Wedge keys use dovetail joints, which are prone to stress concentration and cracking under various stresses. Therefore, a well-designed structure will generate long-term economic value. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an anvil assembly for hot processing of large hydraulic presses with a capacity of 2000t or more, so as to realize the quick disassembly and installation of the upper anvil and the upper anvil seat.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a quick-change upper anvil assembly for a large press, comprising an upper anvil seat and an upper anvil. The upper anvil seat has multiple mounting slots on the side near the upper anvil, each mounting slot extending horizontally from the outer surface of the upper anvil seat into the interior. These mounting slots are used to assemble T-nuts, and their shape is adapted to the T-nut, restricting its rotation. The upper anvil has multiple connecting slots on the side near the upper anvil seat, each connecting slot extending horizontally from the outer surface of the upper anvil into the interior. Connecting bolts are fitted into these connecting slots. The connecting bolts are threaded into and locked to the inner holes of the corresponding T-nuts in the mounting slots, fixing the upper anvil seat and the upper anvil. The outer diameter of the bolt head of the connecting bolt has an adjustment hole for rotating the connecting bolt. A centrally positioned pin is provided between the upper anvil seat and the upper anvil.

[0006] Furthermore, the assembly groove extends horizontally from the outer surface of the upper anvil towards the center of the upper anvil, and the T-nut moves horizontally from the opening of the assembly groove on the outer surface of the upper anvil and is assembled into the upper anvil; the connecting groove extends horizontally from the outer surface of the upper anvil towards the center of the upper anvil, and the connecting bolt moves horizontally from the opening of the connecting groove on the outer surface of the upper anvil and is assembled into the upper anvil.

[0007] Furthermore, the depth of the assembly groove is greater than the width of the T-nut, so that the T-nut can be fully assembled into the upper anvil and close to the outer surface of the upper anvil.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting groove has an operating groove below it, which is connected to the connecting groove. The bolt head of the connecting bolt is located in the operating groove. The operating groove is a large-sized groove, which provides operating space for tightening the connecting bolt.

[0009] Furthermore, the operating groove is an arc-shaped groove, with the groove width gradually decreasing from the groove opening to the bottom.

[0010] Furthermore, the depth of the operating groove is the same as the depth of the connecting groove.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the groove depth is the distance of the horizontal extension of the groove, and the groove opening is located on the outer surface of the workpiece.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting bolt is a round-headed bolt; a steel rod is inserted into the adjustment hole of the bolt head to rotate the connecting bolt.

[0013] Furthermore, the bolt head of the connecting bolt is provided with four adjustment holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the pin is a round pin, which bears the radial force in the horizontal direction.

[0015] Furthermore, the multiple mounting slots of the upper anvil correspond to the connecting slots of different types of upper anvils, for connecting different upper anvils.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper anvil is either a round upper anvil or a square upper anvil; the round upper anvil has four connecting grooves evenly distributed along its circumference; the square upper anvil has four connecting grooves; the upper anvil seat has eight assembly grooves, which correspond to the four connecting grooves of the round upper anvil and the four connecting grooves of the square upper anvil, respectively.

[0017] The above-mentioned method for replacing the upper anvil assembly of the large press with quick replacement is as follows: When connecting the upper anvil seat and the upper anvil, assemble the T-nut and connecting bolt into the upper anvil seat and the upper anvil along the assembly groove and the connecting groove. Insert the reinforcing bar into the adjustment hole of the connecting bolt, rotate the connecting bolt, and after rotating it a certain angle, insert the reinforcing bar into the next adjustment hole. Continue to rotate the connecting bolt until the connecting bolt and the T-nut are locked together. When disassembling the upper anvil seat and the upper anvil, move the upper and lower anvils to the mold closing position, insert the reinforcing bar into the adjustment hole of the connecting bolt, rotate the connecting bolt in the opposite direction to loosen the upper anvil seat and the upper anvil by a gap, and remove the connecting bolt and the T-nut together.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Using connecting bolts and T-nuts to connect the upper anvil and upper anvil, the connecting bolts are not subjected to radial force throughout the entire working process. Simultaneously, thermal deformation does not affect the connecting threads between the connecting bolts and T-nuts, maintaining the threads in a consistently good condition. This allows for rapid and efficient installation and disassembly of the upper anvil and upper anvil, facilitating convenient process switching and resulting in extremely high efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a left view of the circular anvil and anvil base assembly of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a main sectional view of the circular anvil and anvil base assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the front view of the anvil on the circle; Figure 4 This is a top view of the anvil on a circle; Figure 5 Left view of the square anvil and anvil base assembly of the invention; In the diagram: 1. Round head bolt, 2. Mounting hole, 301. Round anvil, 302. Square anvil, 4. Anvil seat, 5. T-nut, 6. Round pin, 7. Assembly slot, 8. Connecting slot, 9. Operating slot, 10. Adjustment hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] See appendix Figure 1-5A quick-change upper anvil assembly for a large press includes an upper anvil seat 4 and an upper anvil. The upper anvil seat 4 has multiple mounting slots 7 on the side near the upper anvil. Each mounting slot 7 extends horizontally from the outer surface of the upper anvil seat 4 into the interior of the upper anvil seat. A T-nut 5 is fitted into each mounting slot 7, and the mounting slot 7 matches the shape and size of the T-nut 5, restricting its rotation. The upper anvil has multiple connecting slots 8 on the side near the upper anvil seat 4. Each connecting slot 8 extends horizontally from the outer surface of the upper anvil into the interior of the upper anvil. A round-head bolt 1 is fitted into each connecting slot 8, and the size of the connecting slot 8 matches that of the round-head bolt 1. The head bolt 1 is connected and locked to the inner hole of the T-nut 5 via threads, fixing the upper anvil seat 4 and the upper anvil. The outer diameter of the head bolt 1 is provided with an adjustment hole 10 for rotating the head bolt. A steel rod is inserted into the adjustment hole of the outer diameter of the head bolt to rotate the connecting bolt. The lower part of the connecting groove 8 has an operating groove 9, which is connected to the connecting groove 8. The head of the head bolt 1 is located in the operating groove 9. The operating groove 9 is a large-sized groove, which provides operating space for tightening the head bolt 1. A centrally positioned round pin 6 is provided between the upper anvil seat 4 and the upper anvil, which bears the radial force in the horizontal direction.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper anvil 4 is connected to the press through the central mounting hole 2.

[0023] Furthermore, the assembly groove 7 extends horizontally from the outer surface of the upper anvil 4 toward the center of the upper anvil, and the T-nut 5 moves horizontally from the opening of the assembly groove on the outer surface of the upper anvil and is assembled into the upper anvil; the cross-section of the assembly groove 7 is a positive T-shaped structure; the connecting groove 8 extends horizontally from the outer surface of the upper anvil toward the center of the upper anvil, and the round-headed bolt 1 moves horizontally from the opening of the connecting groove on the outer surface of the upper anvil and is assembled into the upper anvil.

[0024] To ensure a stable connection and prevent the T-nut 5 from falling off, the depth of the assembly groove 7 is greater than the width of the T-nut 5, allowing the T-nut 5 to be fully assembled into the upper anvil 4. Simultaneously, to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the T-nut 5 and the rotating round-head bolt 1, the T-nut 5 should be close to the outer surface of the upper anvil 4, and the round-head bolt 1 should be close to the outer surface of the upper anvil.

[0025] To provide a better field of vision and facilitate the rotation of the round-head bolt 1 from the groove opening, the operating groove 9 is an arc-shaped groove, with the groove width gradually decreasing from the groove opening to the bottom. Compared to a square groove, the arc-shaped groove can reduce the bottom size and avoid sharp corner structures, thus reducing stress. The groove depth of the operating groove 9 is the same as the groove depth of the connecting groove 8, and the groove depth is the distance of the horizontal extension of the groove.

[0026] In this embodiment, the bolt head of the round head bolt 1 is provided with four adjustment holes 10 evenly in the circumferential direction, and the four adjustment holes are spaced 90° apart, so that the round head bolt 1 can be rotated and adjusted by inserting a steel rod into the adjustment hole at any angle.

[0027] Furthermore, the upper anvil is divided into a round upper anvil 301 or a square upper anvil 302. The multiple assembly slots 7 of the upper anvil seat 4 correspond to the connecting slots 8 of different types of upper anvils for connecting different upper anvils. Generally speaking, the round upper anvil 301 has four connecting slots evenly distributed at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction; the square upper anvil 302 is provided with four connecting slots, and two connecting slots are provided on the two opposite long sides respectively; therefore, the upper anvil seat has eight assembly slots 7, which correspond to the four connecting slots of the round upper anvil 301 and the four connecting slots of the square upper anvil 302 respectively.

[0028] The above-mentioned method for replacing the upper anvil assembly of the large press with quick replacement is as follows: When connecting the upper anvil seat 4 and the upper anvil, assemble the T-nut 8 and the round head bolt 1 into the upper anvil seat 4 and the upper anvil along the assembly groove 7 and the connecting groove 8. Insert the reinforcing bar into the adjustment hole 10 of the round head bolt 1, rotate the round head bolt 1, and after rotating it a certain angle, insert the reinforcing bar into the next adjustment hole 10. Continue to rotate the round head bolt 1 until the round head bolt 1 is locked with the T-nut 5. When disassembling the connection between the upper anvil seat 4 and the upper anvil, move the upper and lower anvils to the mold closing state, insert the reinforcing bar into the adjustment hole 10 of the round head bolt 1, rotate the round head bolt 1 in the opposite direction, and wait for a small gap to open between the upper anvil seat 4 and the upper anvil (it is not necessary for the round head bolt 1 and the T-nut 5 to be completely separated). Then, remove the round head bolt 1 and the T-nut 5 together.

[0029] This invention employs a dedicated T-nut structure to connect the upper anvil and the upper anvil. The round-head bolt 1 only bears the weight of the upper anvil. The upper anvil seat 4 and the upper anvil are connected by a centrally positioned round pin 6, which bears the radial force in the horizontal direction. Throughout the entire working process, the round-head bolt 1 is not subjected to radial force. Thermal deformation does not affect the threads, which remain in good condition for a long period. During disassembly, the upper and lower anvils are moved to the mold-closed position. A small round rod is inserted into the adjustment hole 10 of the round-head bolt 1, allowing easy rotation. After two rotations, when the round-head bolt 1 and the upper anvil 3 are separated by a gap, the T-nut 5 and the round-head bolt 6 can be removed together, completing the disassembly of the upper anvil. A total of four sets can be disassembled, with two workers disassembling simultaneously, taking only 5 minutes. To switch processes, the upper anvil needs to be replaced. The worktable is moved to the installation position, the nut assembly (T-nut 5 and round-head bolt 6) is pushed on, and two rotations complete the connection. Including hoisting time, the entire replacement process is completed in about ten minutes. Process switching is extremely convenient and highly efficient.

[0030] It should be noted that the parts of this invention not described in detail are prior art.

[0031] The above examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All variations that can be directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick-change upper anvil assembly for a large press, characterized in that: The device includes an upper anvil seat and an upper anvil. The upper anvil seat has multiple mounting slots on the side near the upper anvil, each slot extending horizontally from the outer surface of the upper anvil seat into the interior. These slots are used to mount T-nuts, and their shape is adapted to the T-nuts, restricting their rotation. The upper anvil has multiple connecting slots on the side near the upper anvil seat, each extending horizontally from the outer surface of the upper anvil into the interior. Connecting bolts are mounted within these connecting slots. These connecting bolts are threaded into and locked to the inner holes of the corresponding T-nuts within the mounting slots, securing the upper anvil seat and the upper anvil. The outer diameter of the bolt head of the connecting bolt has an adjustment hole for rotating the bolt. A center-positioning pin is located between the upper anvil seat and the upper anvil.

2. The quick-change upper anvil assembly for a large press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly groove extends horizontally from the outer surface of the upper anvil towards the center of the upper anvil, and the T-nut moves horizontally from the opening of the assembly groove on the outer surface of the upper anvil and is assembled into the upper anvil; the connecting groove extends horizontally from the outer surface of the upper anvil towards the center of the upper anvil, and the connecting bolt moves horizontally from the opening of the connecting groove on the outer surface of the upper anvil and is assembled into the upper anvil.

3. The quick-change upper anvil assembly for a large press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the assembly groove is greater than the width of the T-nut, so that the T-nut can be fully assembled into the upper anvil and close to the outer surface of the upper anvil.

4. The quick-change upper anvil assembly for a large press according to claim 1, characterized in that: Below the connecting groove is an operating groove, which is connected to the connecting groove. The bolt head of the connecting bolt is located in the operating groove, which provides operating space for tightening the connecting bolt. The operating groove is an arc-shaped groove, and the groove width gradually decreases from the groove opening to the groove bottom. The groove depth of the operating groove is the same as the groove depth of the connecting groove, and the groove depth is the distance of the horizontal extension of the groove.

5. The quick-change upper anvil assembly for a large press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting bolts are round-headed bolts; the connecting bolts are rotated by inserting a steel rod into the adjustment hole of the bolt head's outer diameter.

6. The quick-change upper anvil assembly for a large press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt head of the connecting bolt has four adjustment holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

7. The quick-change upper anvil assembly for a large press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin is a round pin, which bears the radial force in the horizontal direction.

8. The quick-change upper anvil assembly for a large press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple assembly slots of the upper anvil correspond to the connection slots of different types of upper anvils, and are used to connect different upper anvils.

9. The quick-change upper anvil assembly for a large press according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper anvil is either a round upper anvil or a square upper anvil; the round upper anvil has four connecting grooves evenly distributed along its circumference; the square upper anvil has four connecting grooves; the upper anvil seat has eight assembly grooves, which correspond to the four connecting grooves of the round upper anvil and the four connecting grooves of the square upper anvil, respectively.

10. The method for replacing the quick-change upper anvil assembly of a large press according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: When connecting the upper anvil and the upper anvil, assemble the T-nut and connecting bolt into the upper anvil and the upper anvil along the assembly groove and the connecting groove. Insert the reinforcing bar into the adjustment hole of the connecting bolt, rotate the connecting bolt, and after rotating it a certain angle, insert the reinforcing bar into the next adjustment hole. Continue to rotate the connecting bolt until the connecting bolt and the T-nut are locked together. When disassembling the upper anvil and the upper anvil, move the upper and lower anvils to the mold-closed state, insert the reinforcing bar into the adjustment hole of the connecting bolt, rotate the connecting bolt in the opposite direction to loosen the upper anvil and the upper anvil by a gap, and remove the connecting bolt and the T-nut together.

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