Red mud solid waste red high-strength microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses red mud solid waste red high-strength microcrystalline glass and a preparation method thereof. The high-temperature-resistant glass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35%-45% of SiO2, 10%-15% of B2O3, 10%-15% of Al2O3, 7%-11% of CaO, 8%-13% of Fe2O3, 2%-7% of ZrO2, 0-6% of ZnO, 0-7% of Na2O, 1%-2% of TiO2, 0%-1% of MgO, 0%-3% of K2O and 0.5%-5% of other inevitable impurities. In the raw materials of the red mud solid waste red high-strength microcrystalline glass, the mass ratio of red mud is 40-60%. The used raw materials and process flow are simple, and the microcrystalline glass is high in strength and good in performance, and is an important innovation in the fields of red mud resource utilization and microcrystalline glass preparation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of comprehensive utilization technology of red mud solid waste, and in particular to a red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Red mud is a large amount of solid waste generated during the alumina refining process in the alumina industry. It poses hazards such as high alkalinity, potential radioactivity, and large stockpiles. Statistics show that approximately 1-2 tons of red mud are generated as a byproduct of every ton of alumina produced. Currently, most alumina plants dispose of red mud by damming it. This storage method not only occupies a large amount of land but also causes soil alkalization, air pollution, and groundwater pollution, seriously impacting the environment and human health. The utilization of red mud is mostly for valuable component recovery, chemical material production, building material production, adsorbent material preparation, and agricultural remediation. Although these methods have achieved significant results in small-scale experiments, they have many limitations, including high investment costs, complex processes, and the inability to be applied on a large scale.

[0003] Red mud contains a large amount of glass network forgings and modifying oxides such as Al2O3, SiO2, and CaO, theoretically possessing the potential to be used as a glass raw material. However, due to the large fluctuations in the composition of red mud and its high alkalinity and high iron content, which easily interfere with the stability and crystallization behavior of glass, a dilemma arises in its utilization as solid waste: low red mud addition has no significant effect on solving practical problems in solid waste treatment, while high red mud content often leads to substandard performance of the finished product.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a high-strength microcrystalline glass for red mud solid waste and its preparation method, so that the microcrystalline glass can realize the large-scale resource utilization of red mud while possessing high mechanical properties. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste and its preparation method, thereby solving the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to balance high red mud content and high mechanical properties when preparing microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste, the composition of which, by mass percentage of oxides, includes: SiO2 35%-45%, B2O3 10%-15%, Al2O3 10%-15%, CaO 7%-11%, Fe2O3 8%-13%, ZrO2 2%-7%, ZnO 0-6%, Na2O 0-7%, TiO2 1%-2%, MgO 0%-1%, K2O 0%-3%, and other unavoidable impurities 0.5%-5%; the mass percentage of red mud in the raw material of the red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste is 40%-60%.

[0007] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste, comprising the following steps: Mixing and grinding: The raw materials of red mud solid waste and red high-strength microcrystalline glass are mixed evenly to prepare a batch; High-temperature melting: The batch materials are melted at high temperature to obtain molten glass; Annealing and forming: After the molten glass is formed, it undergoes annealing to obtain a basic glass block; Heat treatment crystallization: The base glass block is crystallized to obtain red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include: This invention utilizes red mud as a glass raw material, and uses Fe2O3 from the red mud and additionally introduced ZrO2 as composite nucleating agents to induce the precipitation of various crystals during the crystallization process (among which the combination of Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and ZrO2 crystal forms shows the best effect), thereby enhancing its mechanical properties. Simultaneously, during the crystallization process, the surface of the microcrystalline glass is in direct contact with air, and the Fe2O3 is retained in the oxygen-rich environment, giving it a unique vermilion color and excellent decorative effect. The raw materials and process flow used in this invention are simple, and the resulting microcrystalline glass exhibits high strength and good performance, representing a significant innovation in the field of red mud resource utilization and microcrystalline glass preparation. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of one embodiment of the method for preparing red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste provided by the present invention. Figure 2 These are XRD patterns of the interior of the red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste prepared in Examples 1-4 of this invention; Figure 3 This is a crystal morphology image of the red high-strength microcrystalline glass prepared from red mud solid waste in Example 2 of the present invention after being etched with HF with a mass fraction of 4% for 120 seconds. Figure 4 This is the XRD pattern of the surface of the red high-strength microcrystalline glass of red mud solid waste prepared in Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an appearance diagram of the red high-strength microcrystalline glass prepared from red mud solid waste in Example 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0010] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0011] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste, the composition of which, by mass percentage of oxides, includes: SiO2 35%-45%, B2O3 10%-15%, Al2O3 10%-15%, CaO 7%-11%, Fe2O3 8%-13%, ZrO2 2%-7%, ZnO 0-6%, Na2O 0-7%, TiO2 1%-2%, MgO 0%-1%, K2O 0%-3%, and other unavoidable impurities 0.5%-5%; the mass percentage of red mud in the raw material of the red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste is 40%-60%.

[0012] This invention applies red mud to the preparation of glass-ceramics, utilizing its Fe2O3 as a nucleating agent and colorant to successfully prepare high-strength glass-ceramics with a vermilion surface. While ensuring a high red mud incorporation amount, this invention, through precise component design and process parameter control, successfully transforms some Fe2O3 into a high-strength Fe3O4 crystalline phase during the microcrystallization process. Furthermore, the precipitated crystals are small in size, numerous, and uniformly distributed, effectively improving the mechanical properties of the material.

[0013] Furthermore, this invention ensures the comprehensive performance of the final microcrystalline glass, including its glass formation, strength, and stability, through the introduction of additional raw materials. Specifically, ZrO2 acts as a second nucleating agent to synergistically construct a multicrystalline phase nanoscale composite strengthening structure; SiO2, as the main network formant, provides basic mechanical strength, chemical stability, and thermal stability; Al2O3, as a network intermediate, optimizes the network structure to enhance mechanical properties; B2O3, as a flux, lowers the melting temperature and viscosity during glass preparation, facilitating production operations and reducing energy consumption; ZnO improves chemical stability and gloss; and K2O can, to some extent, lower the characteristic temperature of the glass to improve melting conditions. If the red mud content is too low, it cannot effectively solve the problem of solid waste treatment; if the red mud content is too high, it will lead to the deterioration of the microcrystalline glass's performance. The microcrystalline glass of this invention exhibits a stable vermilion red surface due to the presence of Fe2O3, eliminating the need for additional colorants and providing excellent decorative properties in building materials. The microcrystalline glass of this invention not only exhibits a unique vermilion color but also possesses outstanding mechanical properties. Its maximum flexural strength and compressive strength reach 147 MPa and 766 MPa respectively, exceeding the standards of ordinary building decoration materials and surpassing most other similar products. The superior performance of this microcrystalline glass makes it promising for applications in building decoration and other fields. It can replace some traditional high-energy-consuming decorative materials, and to a certain extent, solve the long-standing problem of high production costs in the field of building decoration glass materials. This invention opens up a technological path of "treating waste with waste and turning waste into treasure," providing a new material with both excellent performance and environmental benefits for the high-value utilization of red mud and the building decoration industry, resulting in significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0014] In this invention, it should be noted that, apart from red mud, other raw materials used in the red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste can be oxides or corresponding acids or salts, etc. This invention does not impose any restrictions on this. The purity of each raw material can be industrial pure or chemical pure according to the quality requirements of the glass products, and this invention does not impose any restrictions on this either.

[0015] In this embodiment, the Fe2O3 content in the red mud is 20%-22% by mass percentage of oxides. The red mud used in this invention has a high Fe2O3 content of 20%-22%. Traditionally, it is believed that such a high content significantly degrades the mechanical properties of glass, becoming a key bottleneck restricting the high-value utilization of red mud. This invention, through precise component control and crystal phase design, transforms Fe2O3 from a "performance disadvantage" to a "structural advantage." It not only achieves a high red mud content (40%-60%), but also utilizes Fe2O3 as a nucleating agent and colorant, working synergistically with other crystal phases to construct a strengthening mechanism. While ensuring a high solid waste disposal rate, it significantly improves the overall performance of the microcrystalline glass.

[0016] In this embodiment, after high-temperature treatment and XRF determination, the composition of red mud, based on the mass percentage of oxides, includes: Al2O3 22%-25%, Fe2O3 20%-22%, SiO2 17%-20%, CaO 15%-18%, Na2O 11%-14%, TiO2 3%-6%, MgO 1%-4%, and other oxides (V2O5, P2O5, Cr2O3, SrO, MnO, etc.) 1%-4%.

[0017] In this embodiment, the raw materials for red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste, based on the mass percentage of oxides, include: red mud 40%-60%, SiO2 20%-35%, Al2O3 0%-6%, ZnO 0%-6%, B2O3 5%-15%, ZrO2 2%-7%, and K2O 0%-3%.

[0018] In this embodiment, based on the mass percentage of oxides, the total amount of B2O3 and ZrO2 in the composition of the red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste is 15%-18%, and the mass ratio of B2O3 to ZrO2 is 1:(0.2-0.5). In this invention, B2O3 acts as a flux, and its dosage has no significant effect on the mechanical properties of the glass. Therefore, by adjusting the proportion of B2O3 in the total composition and correspondingly changing the proportion of ZrO2 in the total composition, the mechanical properties of the glass can be controlled. If the amount of ZrO2 is too low, the number of ZrO2 crystals will be insufficient, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties of the glass; if the amount of ZrO2 is too high, crystal agglomeration or uneven distribution will occur, leading to an imbalance of internal stress and affecting the strength.

[0019] In this embodiment, the crystalline phases precipitated from the red high-strength microcrystalline glass of red mud solid waste mainly include: FeAl2O4, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, ZrO2, and nepheline (Na, K, Ca). 3-4 (Si,Al6)O 12 At least one of nH2O. Preferably, it includes Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and ZrO2. This invention achieves active control over the type and proportion of crystalline phases by adjusting the Fe2O3 content in the glass-ceramic using different amounts of red mud. Under appropriate dosage, Fe2O3 can be partially converted into Fe3O4, and the two form a composite crystalline phase system with ZrO2, synergistically exerting grain strengthening and phase transformation toughening effects, significantly enhancing the mechanical properties of the material. The glass-ceramic of this invention exhibits novel crystalline phase types, and compared to other reports, its overall mechanical properties after microcrystalline strengthening are at an excellent level.

[0020] In this embodiment, the red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste has a bending strength of 109-147 MPa, which is superior to similar materials.

[0021] In this embodiment, the compressive strength of the red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste is 460-766 MPa, which is superior to that of similar materials.

[0022] This invention uses industrial solid waste red mud as the main raw material to prepare red high-strength microcrystalline glass, obtaining high-value-added microcrystalline glass while consuming accumulated solid waste. The microcrystalline glass of this invention contains different types of crystalline phases depending on the amount of red mud incorporated, specifically including: FeAl2O4, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, ZrO2, and (Na, K, Ca). 3-4 (Si,Al)6O 12 • nH2O, etc. The presence of crystals endows the glass material with excellent mechanical properties, enabling the microcrystalline glass in this invention to possess a flexural strength of 109-147 MPa and a compressive strength of 460-766 MPa, making its strength indicators meet the basic requirements of building materials. At the same time, its naturally formed vermilion surface gives the product unique decorative value.

[0023] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste, comprising the following steps: S1. Mixing and grinding: Mix the raw materials of red mud solid waste and red high-strength microcrystalline glass evenly to make a batch; S2. High-temperature melting: The batch material is melted at high temperature to obtain molten glass; S3. Annealing and forming: After the glass melt is formed, it is annealed to obtain the basic glass block; S4. Heat treatment crystallization: The base glass block is crystallized to obtain red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste.

[0024] In this embodiment, the raw materials are mixed evenly by grinding.

[0025] In this embodiment, the melting temperature is 1500-1600℃, and the melting time is 100-200 minutes. This invention uses melting to clarify the material and remove volatile impurities, resulting in molten glass.

[0026] In this embodiment, the annealing temperature is 600-700℃, and the annealing time is 30-60 minutes. This invention eliminates internal stress through annealing.

[0027] In this embodiment, the crystallization temperature is 1000-1050℃, and the crystallization time is 60-120 minutes. This invention improves glass properties by precipitating crystals through a one-step heat treatment.

[0028] In this invention, the above-mentioned high-temperature melting, annealing, and crystallization processes are all carried out in an air atmosphere.

[0029] In this embodiment, after the red high-strength microcrystalline glass of red mud solid waste is prepared, it is cut and polished to a predetermined size to obtain a test sample or finished product.

[0030] In the embodiments of this invention, all raw materials except red mud are chemically pure, but trace amounts of unavoidable impurities are allowed; among the other raw materials besides red mud, B2O3 is introduced in the form of boric acid, K2O is introduced in the form of K2CO3, and the rest are introduced directly in the form of their corresponding oxides; glass melting, annealing and crystallization are all carried out in a muffle furnace.

[0031] Example 1 The red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste provided in this embodiment uses the following raw materials by mass: First, 40 parts of red mud (specifically, the components include: Al2O3: 9.6 parts; Fe2O3: 8.3 parts; SiO2: 7.8 parts; CaO: 7 parts; Na2O: 4.5 parts; TiO2: 1.4 parts; MgO: 0.5 parts; and other oxides: 0.9 parts). Second, other raw materials required for glass preparation are selected according to the types of glass oxide components, and the other raw materials by mass of oxides are: SiO2: 34 parts; B2O3: 13 parts; ZnO: 6 parts; ZrO2: 5 parts; Al2O3: 1.5 parts; and K2O: 0.5 parts. The corresponding raw materials are weighed according to the content of each oxide, and then powdered and mixed to form the glass batch.

[0032] The preparation method of the above-mentioned red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste includes the following steps: Accurately weigh each raw material according to the above proportions to prepare the basic glass batch. Melt the batch at 1550℃ and hold for 3 hours. After high-temperature homogenization and clarification, obtain molten glass. Pour the obtained molten glass into a preheated stainless steel mold and anneal at 650℃ for 60 minutes to eliminate high-temperature internal stress and obtain a glass block. Hold the glass block at 1030℃ for 90 minutes and crystallize it through a one-step heat treatment. After furnace cooling, obtain microcrystalline glass.

[0033] The red high-strength microcrystalline glass prepared in this embodiment, after crystallization treatment, precipitates internal crystals of Fe2O3, FeAl2O4, and ZrO2. Figure 2 Its flexural strength is 111 MPa and its compressive strength is 523 MPa.

[0034] Example 2 The red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste provided in this embodiment uses the following raw materials by mass: First, 50 parts of red mud (specifically, the introduced components include: Al2O3: 12 parts; Fe2O3: 10.4 parts; SiO2: 9.8 parts; CaO: 8.7 parts; Na2O: 5.7 parts; TiO2: 1.7 parts; MgO: 0.6 parts; and other oxides: 1.1 parts). Second, other raw materials required for glass preparation are selected according to the types of glass oxide components, and the other raw materials by mass of oxides are: SiO2: 32 parts; B2O3: 10 parts; ZnO: 1 part; ZrO2: 5 parts; Al2O3: 1.5 parts; and K2O: 0.5 parts. The corresponding raw materials are weighed according to the content of each oxide, and then powdered and mixed to form the glass batch.

[0035] The preparation method of the above-mentioned red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste includes the following steps: Accurately weigh each raw material according to the above proportions to prepare the basic glass batch. Melt the batch at 1550℃ and hold for 3 hours. After high-temperature homogenization and clarification, obtain molten glass. Pour the obtained molten glass into a preheated stainless steel mold and anneal at 650℃ for 60 minutes to eliminate high-temperature internal stress and obtain a glass block. Hold the glass block at 1030℃ for 90 minutes and crystallize it through a one-step heat treatment. After furnace cooling, obtain microcrystalline glass.

[0036] The red high-strength microcrystalline glass prepared in this embodiment, after crystallization treatment, precipitates internal crystals of Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and ZrO2. Figure 2 It is black in color, and the crystal morphology consists of small, uniformly sized spheres that are numerous and evenly distributed, which is beneficial for improving the mechanical properties of the material. Figure 3 The surface precipitated crystals are Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and ZrO2. Figure 4Due to differences in oxygen levels inside and outside the crystals, the intensity and position of the crystallization peaks vary, resulting in a vermilion color. Figure 5 Its flexural strength is 147 MPa and its compressive strength is 766 MPa.

[0037] Example 3 The red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste provided in this embodiment uses the following raw materials by mass: First, 60 parts of red mud (specifically, the components include: Al2O3: 14.5 parts; Fe2O3: 12.5 parts; SiO2: 11.8 parts; CaO: 10.4 parts; Na2O: 6.8 parts; TiO2: 2 parts; MgO: 0.7 parts; and other oxides: 1.3 parts). Second, other raw materials required for glass preparation are selected according to the types of glass oxide components, and the other raw materials by mass of oxides are: SiO2: 25 parts; B2O3: 10 parts; ZrO2: 5 parts. The corresponding raw materials are weighed according to the content of each oxide, and then powdered and mixed to form the glass batch.

[0038] The preparation method of the above-mentioned red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste includes the following steps: Accurately weigh each raw material according to the above proportions to prepare the basic glass batch. Melt the batch at 1550℃ and hold for 3 hours. After high-temperature homogenization and clarification, obtain molten glass. Pour the obtained molten glass into a preheated stainless steel mold and anneal at 650℃ for 60 minutes to eliminate high-temperature internal stress and obtain a glass block. Hold the glass block at 1030℃ for 90 minutes and crystallize it through a one-step heat treatment. After furnace cooling, obtain microcrystalline glass.

[0039] The red high-strength microcrystalline glass prepared in this embodiment contains Fe2O3, Fe3O4, ZrO2, and nepheline (Na, K, Ca) crystals precipitated inside after crystallization treatment. 3-4 (Si,Al)6O 12 ·nH2O ( Figure 2 Its flexural strength is 109 MPa and its compressive strength is 460 MPa.

[0040] Example 4 The red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste provided in this embodiment uses the following raw materials by mass: First, 50 parts of red mud (specifically, the components include: Al2O3: 12 parts; Fe2O3: 10.4 parts; SiO2: 9.8 parts; CaO: 8.7 parts; Na2O: 5.7 parts; TiO2: 1.7 parts; MgO: 0.6 parts; and other oxides: 1.1 parts). Second, other raw materials required for glass preparation are selected according to the types of glass oxide components, and the other raw materials by mass of oxides are: SiO2: 32 parts; B2O3: 12.5 parts; ZnO: 1 part; ZrO2: 2.5 parts; Al2O3: 1.5 parts; and K2O: 0.5 parts. The corresponding raw materials are weighed according to the content of each oxide, and then powdered and mixed to form the glass batch.

[0041] The preparation method of the above-mentioned red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste includes the following steps: Accurately weigh each raw material according to the above proportions to prepare the basic glass batch. Melt the batch at 1550℃ and hold for 3 hours. After high-temperature homogenization and clarification, obtain molten glass. Pour the obtained molten glass into a preheated stainless steel mold and anneal at 650℃ for 60 minutes to eliminate high-temperature internal stress and obtain a glass block. Hold the glass block at 1030℃ for 90 minutes and crystallize it through a one-step heat treatment. After furnace cooling, obtain microcrystalline glass.

[0042] The red high-strength microcrystalline glass prepared in this embodiment, after crystallization treatment, precipitates internal crystals of Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and ZrO2. Figure 2 Its flexural strength is 110 MPa and its compressive strength is 471 MPa.

[0043] The properties of the red high-strength microcrystalline glass prepared from red mud solid waste in Examples 1-4 are summarized in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1 Relevant performance of Examples 1-4

[0045] (Among them, the sample size for the flexural strength test is a cuboid with dimensions of 35*4*3mm, and the sample size for the compressive strength test is a cube with dimensions of 5×5×5mm.) A comprehensive analysis of Examples 1-4 shows that the amount of red mud directly affects the crystal phase composition and mechanical properties of glass-ceramics. Example 2, with a red mud content of 50%, achieved an effective conversion of Fe2O3 to Fe3O4, forming a nanoscale composite crystal phase structure with ZrO2. Fe3O4 exhibits higher density and strength, while ZrO2 plays a toughening role by pinning cracks and inhibiting their propagation. The two work synergistically to form a dual-enhancing mechanism of "strength-toughness," resulting in a flexural strength of 147 MPa and a compressive strength of 766 MPa for the glass-ceramics, significantly superior to other dosing ratios, demonstrating the crucial role of crystal phase optimization in performance improvement. Furthermore, the Fe2O3 on the glass surface retains its original valence state in an oxygen-rich environment, giving it a vermilion-red color and enhancing its aesthetic appeal in architectural decoration.

[0046] In summary, the red high-strength microcrystalline glass derived from red mud solid waste of this invention firstly achieves the rational disposal and high-value utilization of red mud solid waste, and possesses good compatibility. Secondly, by optimizing the red mud content and synergistically introducing components such as ZrO2, the disadvantage of high Fe2O3 content is successfully transformed into a driving force for microcrystallization. This invention, through rational component design and process methods, induces the generation of optimal crystal types, crystal phase combinations, and microstructures. Utilizing crystal strengthening and phase transformation toughening mechanisms, it achieves a significant improvement in the comprehensive mechanical properties of the glass. The prepared microcrystalline glass boasts a maximum compressive strength of 766 MPa and a maximum flexural strength of 147 MPa, significantly superior to conventional decorative materials, and exhibits a stable vermilion surface, requiring no additional coloring. This invention truly realizes the disposal and high-value utilization of red mud, possessing excellent mechanical properties, unique decorative properties, and environmental benefits. The process is simple and suitable for widespread application.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include: Solid waste resource utilization and environmental benefits: The red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste of the present invention can consume a large amount of red mud solid waste material in its preparation process, thereby achieving the reduction and harmlessness of solid waste (harmful components are solidified in a stable glass phase), and solving the cost and environmental problems caused by red mud treatment under the current industrial model.

[0048] Controllable microstructure: By adjusting the amount of red mud and the ratio of auxiliary raw materials, this invention can effectively control the type, morphology and distribution of precipitated crystal phases, thereby optimizing the final performance of the material.

[0049] Excellent mechanical properties: This invention achieves a fine microcrystalline structure through the synergistic nucleation and toughening effects of Fe2O3 and ZrO2. The specific crystal types include various crystals such as Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and ZrO2. The crystals within the glass can play a role in phase transformation toughening and inhibiting crack propagation, jointly constructing a "multiphase composite strengthening" microstructure, thereby significantly improving the bending strength and compressive strength of the material, making its performance surpass that of most traditional decorative stones and other similar microcrystalline glasses.

[0050] Unique decorative effect: Most of the reported red mud-based architectural glass materials are black, while the microcrystalline glass prepared by this invention has a stable and uniform vermilion color naturally formed on the surface due to the presence of Fe2O3, without the need to add additional colorants, resulting in a unique decorative effect and lower cost.

[0051] Simple process and energy-saving potential: The microcrystalline glass of this invention adopts a one-step microcrystallization heat treatment, which has a simple process flow, low energy consumption, and is suitable for large-scale production.

[0052] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste, characterized in that, The composition of the red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste, based on the mass percentage of oxides, includes: SiO2 35%-45%, B2O3 10%-15%, Al2O3 10%-15%, CaO 7%-11%, Fe2O3 8%-13%, ZrO2 2%-7%, ZnO 0-6%, Na2O 0-7%, TiO2 1%-2%, MgO 0%-1%, K2O 0%-3%, and other unavoidable impurities 0.5%-5%. In the raw materials for the red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste, the red mud accounts for 40%-60% by mass.

2. The red high-strength microcrystalline glass for red mud solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Fe2O3 content in the red mud is 20%-22% by mass percentage of oxides.

3. The red high-strength microcrystalline glass for red mud solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, After high-temperature treatment and XRF analysis, the composition of the red mud, based on the mass percentage of oxides, includes: Al2O3 22%-25%, Fe2O3 20%-22%, SiO2 17%-20%, CaO 15%-18%, Na2O 11%-14%, TiO2 3%-6%, MgO 1%-4%, and other oxides 1%-4%.

4. The red high-strength microcrystalline glass for red mud solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for the red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste, based on the mass percentage of oxides, include: red mud 40%-60%, SiO2 20%-35%, Al2O3 30%-6%, ZnO 0%-6%, B2O3 5%-15%, ZrO2 2%-7%, and K2O 0%-3%.

5. The red high-strength microcrystalline glass for red mud solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the mass percentage of oxides, the total amount of B2O3 and ZrO2 in the composition of the red high-strength microcrystalline glass of red mud solid waste is 15%-18%, and the mass ratio of B2O3 to ZrO2 is 1:(0.2-0.5).

6. The red high-strength microcrystalline glass for red mud solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crystalline phases precipitated from the red high-strength microcrystalline glass in red mud solid waste mainly include: FeAl2O4, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, ZrO2, and nepheline (Na, K, Ca). 3-4 (Si,Al6)O 12 At least one of nH2O.

7. The red high-strength microcrystalline glass for red mud solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The red high-strength microcrystalline glass from the red mud solid waste has a flexural strength of 109-147 MPa; and / or, The compressive strength of the red high-strength microcrystalline glass made from red mud solid waste is 460-766 MPa.

8. A method for preparing red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Mixing and grinding: The raw materials of red mud solid waste and red high-strength microcrystalline glass are mixed evenly to prepare a batch; High-temperature melting: The batch material is melted at high temperature to obtain molten glass; Annealing and forming: After the glass melt is formed, it undergoes annealing treatment to obtain a basic glass block; Heat treatment crystallization: The base glass block is subjected to crystallization treatment to obtain red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste.

9. The method for preparing red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste according to claim 8, characterized in that, The high-temperature melting temperature is 1500-1600℃, and the high-temperature melting time is 100-200 min; and / or, The annealing temperature is 600-700℃, and the annealing time is 30-60 min; and / or, The crystallization treatment temperature is 1000-1050℃, and the crystallization treatment time is 60-120min.

10. The method for preparing red high-strength microcrystalline glass from red mud solid waste according to claim 8, characterized in that, The high-temperature melting, annealing, and crystallization processes are all carried out in an air atmosphere.

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