Granulator for processing panus giganteus residue particles

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of granulation equipment, and discloses a granulator for processing clitocybe maxima mushroom dreg granules, the granulator comprises a material position monitoring part for detecting the height of a material, when the material position monitoring part detects that the material reaches a set position, a driving part is triggered to act to enable the free end of a base plate to move towards the axis, and the driving part is reset after a set duration t; and when the driving piece resets, the free end of the base plate deviates to the inner wall of the rotary drum. According to the granulator for processing the clitocybe maxima mushroom dreg particles, the influence of gravity on materials is changed through active angle change of the base plate, when the materials ascend, the gravity facilitates material ascending, the risk that the materials slip and cannot roll is reduced, when the materials exceed the set height, the gravity is increased to hinder component force of material ascending, the risk that the materials are thrown off is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. And the roundness of the material is ensured, that is, the granulator can produce qualified products more easily, and the requirement on a granulation post is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of granulation equipment technology, and in particular to a granulator for processing mushroom residue granules from *Pleurotus ostreatus*. Background Technology

[0002] Mushroom residue is the culture medium left after harvesting fresh mushrooms. It is a complex composed of crude fiber, crude protein, polysaccharides and other nutrients from the mycelial remains of edible fungi that have undergone enzymatic hydrolysis and structural changes. It is rich in organic matter, mycelial protein, polysaccharides, vitamins, trace elements and other active substances, and can be used as a relatively high-quality fertilizer.

[0003] Mushroom residue is typically transported in granular form and needs to be granulated using a pelletizing machine. Rotary drum pelletizers are a commonly used type of pelletizing machine, utilizing the squeezing and friction forces generated during material rolling to bind the material into spheres. During production, two common phenomena occur: First, if the material has low viscosity and the drum wall is too smooth, the force driving the material upward is insufficient, the material does not roll, and pellets cannot be formed. Second, if the material has high viscosity and the drum wall is too rough, the material is lifted too high, causing it to fall directly from the top, resulting in unevenly shaped particles or an excessive number of large particles. Therefore, the current system places high demands on the pelletizing process and is prone to producing substandard products.

[0004] Secondly, the higher the rolling frequency of the material, the higher the pelletizing rate. When a higher rolling frequency is required, it can be increased by increasing the rotational speed of the drum or by increasing the tilt angle of the drum. However, the higher the drum speed, the greater the noise, the higher the energy consumption, and the shorter the service life. Increasing the drum tilt angle will reduce the rolling time and affect the pelletizing quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application proposes a pelletizer for processing mushroom residue pellets. By actively changing the angle of the pad, the influence of gravity on the material is altered, reducing the risk of material slippage and being thrown off, and improving the pelleting quality.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a granulator for processing mushroom residue granules, comprising a rotatable drum, characterized in that 2-4 sets of pads are hinged to the inner wall of the drum, a filler is provided between two adjacent pads, and a driving member is connected to the pads, the driving member being able to change the angle of the pads.

[0007] It also includes a material position monitoring device for detecting the height of the material. When the material position monitoring device detects that the material has reached the set position, it triggers the action of the drive component, causing the free end of the pad to move toward the axis. The drive component resets after a set time t. When the drive component resets, the free end of the pad is biased toward the inner wall of the drum.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner wall of the drum is provided with a mounting base, and one end of the pad is provided with a connector, which is assembled in the mounting base.

[0009] Furthermore, the drum is provided with an annular groove, and the driving component includes a collar, which is coaxial with the drum and corresponds to the position of the annular groove. The inner wall of the collar is hinged to a telescopic cylinder, and the extension and retraction of the telescopic cylinder causes the pad to change angle.

[0010] Furthermore, the telescopic cylinder is an electric cylinder, and the outer wall of the collar is provided with a conductive slip ring. The conductive slip ring is connected to a conductive brush assembly, and the conductive brush assembly and the conductive slip ring are electrically connected to supply power to the telescopic cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the material position monitoring component includes a telescopic column and a deformable component. The telescopic column is connected to the mounting platform via a slider. The telescopic column can extend, retract, and adjust its position. A sensing head is provided at the end of the telescopic column to detect the deformation of the deformable component.

[0012] Furthermore, the conductive slip ring is divided into multiple segments, each within the range of the extended line of the pad edge. The position of the brush of the conductive brush assembly is adjustable to match the position of the sensing head. When the sensing head detects the arrival of material, the conductive brush assembly is electrically connected to an external power source. A tension spring is provided between the pad and the drum.

[0013] Furthermore, the sensing head includes a connecting shaft, which is fixedly connected to the telescopic column. The connecting shaft is movably connected to two limiting wheels, which rotate against both sides of the deformable part. A distance sensor is provided between the two limiting wheels.

[0014] Furthermore, the filling element is an air bladder, with both its top and bottom surfaces protruding relative to the surface of the pad.

[0015] This application provides a granulator for processing mushroom residue granules. By actively changing the angle of the pad, the effect of gravity on the material is altered. When the material rises, gravity facilitates its ascent, reducing the risk of slippage and failure to roll. When the material exceeds a set height, the component of gravity that hinders its ascent is increased, reducing the risk of the material being thrown off and ensuring its roundness. In other words, this granulator is more likely to produce qualified products, reducing the requirements for the granulation station.

[0016] In the initial stage, gravity helps the material rise, increasing the speed of the material's ascent. At the same time, it limits the maximum climbing height of the material. Without increasing the drum tilt angle and rotation speed, the material rolling frequency is increased, thus ensuring granulation quality while reducing noise and energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments disclosed in this application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments disclosed in this application.

[0018] Referring to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, the embodiments disclosed in this application can be understood more clearly, wherein:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a side view of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pad in this application;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor head in this application.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Drum; 11. Gear; 12. Drive motor; 13. Bracket; 2. Pad; 21. Assembly base; 22. Connector; 23. Tension spring; 3. Material position monitoring component; 31. Telescopic column; 32. Deformable component; 33. Sensor head; 331. Connecting shaft; 332. Limiting wheel; 4. Filler; 5. Drive component; 333. Spacing sensor; 51. Collar; 52. Conductive slip ring; 53. Conductive brush assembly; 54. Telescopic cylinder; 6. Ring groove. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Please see Figures 1-4A pelletizing machine for processing mushroom residue from *Pleurotus ostreatus* includes a rotating drum 1. The inner wall of the drum 1 is hinged with 2-4 sets of pads 2; in this embodiment, 3 sets are provided. The 2-4 sets of pads 2 form a cylinder, and the material rolls sequentially within each pad 2. To reduce the probability of material rolling at the junction of two pads 2, the number of pads 2 does not exceed 4 sets. A support 13 is provided at the bottom of the drum 1, supporting the drum 1 and allowing it to rotate freely. A gear 11 is provided on the outer wall of the drum 1, and the gear 11 drives a drive motor 12. The motor 12 drives the drum 1 to rotate. A filler 4 is provided between two adjacent pads 2 to prevent material from falling through the gap. The pads 2 are connected to a drive unit 5, which can change the angle of the pads 2. It also includes a material position monitoring unit 3 for detecting the height of the material. When the material position monitoring unit 3 detects that the material has reached the set position, it triggers the drive unit 5 to move the free end of the pads 2 toward the axis. The drive unit 5 resets after a set time t. When the drive unit 5 resets, the free end of the pads 2 is biased toward the inner wall of the drum 1.

[0028] The drive motor 12 drives the drum 1 to rotate, and the drum 1 drives the pad 2 to rotate. The direction of rotation is the same as the direction of the free end of the pad 2. The material is put in at the higher end and rises with the inner wall of the pad 2 under the action of friction and extrusion. When the material rises to the set height, it is detected by the material position monitoring component 3 and triggers the drive component 5 to move. The free end of the pad 2 moves towards the axis, and the inclination angle of the inner wall of the pad 2 increases. The influence of gravity is greater than that of friction and extrusion, and the material slides down along the inner wall of the pad 2 to avoid the material being lifted too high. Secondly, at the lowest point, because the pad 2 is inclined towards the side wall of the drum 1, the work done by gravity is increased while the resistance caused by gravity is reduced, making it easier for the material to move with the pad 2.

[0029] The inner wall of the drum 1 is provided with a mounting base 21, and one end of the pad 2 is provided with a connector 22. The connector 22 is mounted in the mounting base 21. The pad 2 rotates about the mounting base 21 as an axis. There is a gap between the pad 2 and the drum 1 to facilitate the pad 2 to rotate toward the inner wall of the drum 1.

[0030] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The drum 1 is provided with an annular groove 6, that is, the drum 1 is composed of two or more small drums spliced ​​together discontinuously, and each small drum rotates at the same speed. In this embodiment, a set of annular grooves 6 is provided, which is composed of two small drums spliced ​​together to form the drum 1. The side walls of the two small drums are provided with gears 11. The gears connected by the gears 11 are connected by a rotating shaft to ensure that the two rotate at the same speed. The driving component 5 includes a collar 51, which is coaxial with the drum 1 and corresponds to the position of the collar 51 and the annular groove 6. The inner wall of the collar 51 is hinged to a telescopic cylinder 54, which is hinged to the pad 2. The extension and retraction of the telescopic cylinder 54 causes the pad 2 to change its angle.

[0031] The telescopic cylinder 54 is an electric cylinder. The outer wall of the collar 51 is provided with a conductive slip ring 52. The conductive slip ring 52 is connected to a conductive brush assembly 53. The conductive brush assembly 53 and the conductive slip ring 52 are electrically connected to supply power to the telescopic cylinder 54, driving the telescopic cylinder 54 to extend and retract.

[0032] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The material position monitoring component 3 includes a telescopic column 31 and a deformable component 32. The pad 2 is provided with a mounting groove corresponding to the deformable component 32. The deformable component 32 is elastic and will deform where there is material. In order to avoid the deformable component 32 getting stuck, the deformable component 32 protrudes slightly towards the axis. The telescopic column 31 is connected to the mounting platform through a slider. The telescopic column 31 can extend and retract and adjust its position to adjust the set height of the monitoring. The end of the telescopic column 31 is provided with a sensor head 33. The sensor head 33 detects the deformation of the deformable component 32, thereby detecting the position and height of the material.

[0033] The conductive slip ring 52 is divided into multiple segments, each within the extended line of the edge of the pad 2. The position of the brush in the conductive brush assembly 53 is adjustable to align with the position of the sensing head 33. When the sensing head 33 detects the arrival of material, the conductive brush assembly 53 is electrically connected to an external power source. At this time, the conductive brush assembly 53 supplies power to the corresponding telescopic cylinder 54 through the conductive slip ring 52. The telescopic cylinder 54 extends, causing the pad 2 to rotate. A tension spring 23 is provided between the pad 2 and the drum 1, which keeps the free end of the pad 2 aligned with the material position. The monitoring element 3 is placed tightly against the drum 1, and one side of the collar 51 is fixedly connected to the drum 1 and rotates with the drum 1. When the material is at the junction of the two pads 2, the conductive slip ring 52 is not connected to the conductive brush assembly 53 because it is within the extended range of the edge of the pad 2. Since the rotation speed of the pad 2 and the collar 51 is faster than that of the material, the material quickly enters the effective range of one pad 2. At this time, the conductive slip ring 52 corresponding to the pad 2 is connected to the conductive brush assembly 53, and the telescopic cylinder 54 extends to make the pad 2 rotate.

[0034] Please see Figure 5 The sensing head 33 includes a connecting shaft 331, which is fixedly connected to the telescopic column 31. The connecting shaft 331 does not rotate on its own. Two limiting wheels 332 are movably connected to the connecting shaft 331. The gap between the two limiting wheels 332 is greater than the width of the deformable part 32. The two limiting wheels 332 rotate along the two sides of the deformable part 32 respectively. A spacing sensor 333 is provided between the two limiting wheels 332. The spacing sensor 333 can adjust its angle. When the height of the sensing head 33 is set, the limiting wheels 332 move along the outer wall of the pad 2. The distance between the spacing sensor 333 and the deformable part 32 remains consistent. When the deformable part 32 deforms due to the gravity of the material, the distance between it and the spacing sensor 333 changes. When the spacing sensor 333 detects this change, it determines that the material has reached the target height.

[0035] The filler 4 is an airbag, with both the upper and lower surfaces protruding relative to the surface of the pad 2. The upper protrusion serves as a lifting plate, while the lower protrusion reduces the impact force generated when the sensor head 33 passes through the gap, allowing the sensor head 33 to smoothly contact the next pad 2.

Claims

1. A pelletizing machine for processing mushroom residue granules, comprising a rotatable drum (1), characterized in that, The inner wall of the drum (1) is hinged with 2-4 sets of pads (2), and a filler (4) is provided between two adjacent pads (2). The pads (2) are connected to a drive (5), and the drive (5) can change the angle of the pads (2). It also includes a material position monitoring device (3) for detecting the height of the material. When the material position monitoring device (3) detects that the material has reached the set position, it triggers the action of the drive device (5) to move the free end of the pad (2) toward the axis. The drive device (5) resets after a set time t. When the drive device (5) resets, the free end of the pad (2) is biased toward the inner wall of the drum (1).

2. The pelletizing machine for processing *Pleurotus ostreatus* fungal residue pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the drum (1) is provided with an assembly seat (21), and one end of the pad (2) is provided with a connector (22), which is assembled in the assembly seat (21).

3. The pelletizing machine for processing *Pleurotus ostreatus* fungal residue pellets according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drum (1) is provided with an annular groove (6), and the driving component (5) includes a collar (51). The collar (51) is coaxial with the drum (1), and the collar (51) is positioned in relation to the annular groove (6). The inner wall of the collar (51) is hinged to a telescopic cylinder (54), and the telescopic cylinder (54) drives the pad (2) to change its angle by telescopic movement.

4. The pelletizing machine for processing *Pleurotus ostreatus* fungal residue pellets according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic cylinder (54) is an electric cylinder. The outer wall of the collar (51) is provided with a conductive slip ring (52). The conductive slip ring (52) is connected to a conductive brush assembly (53). The conductive brush assembly (53) and the conductive slip ring (52) are electrically connected to supply power to the telescopic cylinder (54).

5. A pelletizing machine for processing *Pleurotus ostreatus* fungal residue pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material position monitoring component (3) includes a telescopic column (31) and a deformable component (32). The telescopic column (31) is connected to the mounting platform via a slider. The telescopic column (31) can extend and retract and adjust its position. The end of the telescopic column (31) is provided with a sensor head (33), which detects the deformation of the deformable component (32).

6. A pelletizing machine for processing *Pleurotus ostreatus* fungal residue pellets according to claim 5, characterized in that, The conductive slip ring (52) is divided into multiple segments, each segment being within the range of the extended edge line of the pad (2). The position of the brush of the conductive brush assembly (53) is adjustable to match the position of the sensing head (33). When the sensing head (33) detects the arrival of material, the conductive brush assembly (53) is electrically connected to the external power supply. A tension spring (23) is provided between the pad (2) and the drum (1).

7. A pelletizing machine for processing *Pleurotus ostreatus* fungal residue pellets according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sensor head (33) includes a connecting shaft (331), which is fixedly connected to the telescopic column (31). The connecting shaft (331) is movably connected to two limiting wheels (332), which rotate along the two sides of the deformable part (32). A spacing sensor (333) is provided between the two limiting wheels (332).

8. A pelletizing machine for processing *Pleurotus ostreatus* fungal residue pellets according to claim 7, characterized in that, The filler (4) is an air bladder, with both its upper and lower surfaces protruding relative to the surface of the pad (2).

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