Bamboo composite board of tunnel walkway board and processing technology of bamboo composite board

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of bamboo composite board processing, and discloses a bamboo composite board of a tunnel walkway board and a processing technology thereof.The bamboo composite board comprises a bamboo board face, the upper surface of the bamboo board face is provided with an anti-skid groove used for improving friction, and the lower surface of the bamboo board face is provided with a drainage groove used for promoting drainage; the bamboo keel is laid on the lower surface of the bamboo board surface and used for supporting the bamboo board surface so as to enhance the bearing capacity of the composite board; the bamboo base plate, the bamboo board face and the bamboo keel are jointly assembled to form the composite board structure, a semicircular groove used for improving friction is formed in the upper surface of the bamboo board face, and a semicircular groove used for promoting drainage is formed in the lower surface of the bamboo board face. A composite structure design of a bamboo board surface, a bamboo keel and a bamboo base plate is adopted. According to the scheme, the lightweight characteristic of bamboo wood and mechanical optimization of the structure are ingeniously combined. And the final product realizes a remarkable weight reduction effect and keeps enough bearing capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bamboo composite board processing, specifically to a bamboo composite board for tunnel walkways and its processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] For a long time, walkway slabs in tunnel engineering have relied on metal materials, with galvanized steel sheets being a common choice. This material itself has a high density, resulting in exceptionally heavy finished walkway slabs. The heavy sheets directly increase transportation costs. On-site installation also becomes extremely difficult, requiring more manpower or machinery. Simultaneously, it places a significant load on the tunnel's supporting structure. More critically, the environmental characteristics inside the tunnel are paramount. High humidity and poor ventilation are the norm, providing a breeding ground for metal corrosion. Despite galvanizing, the protective layer is not permanent. Scratches during transportation or installation can cause damage. Long-term moisture corrosion will also consume the zinc layer, eventually exposing the underlying steel, making corrosion unavoidable.

[0003] Existing metal walkway slab designs are mostly simple flat or profiled sheets. This structural form has inherent mechanical limitations. After prolonged exposure to the loads of pedestrians or maintenance equipment, the central area of ​​the slab is prone to fatigue and plastic deformation, causing the surface to sag. This sagging not only affects walking but also creates depressions where water can accumulate. This water accelerates corrosion in the area, further weakening the material's strength. Corrosion and deformation interact, creating a vicious cycle. Ultimately, this can lead to sudden breakage or collapse in the center of the slab, posing a significant safety hazard. Furthermore, the surface of metal sheets becomes extremely slippery when wet or oily. Even patterned steel sheets offer limited anti-slip properties, which decrease with wear, making it impossible to fully guarantee pedestrian safety.

[0004] From an installation and maintenance perspective, traditional metal walkway panels also exhibit numerous shortcomings. Their assembly often requires welding or the use of complex bolting systems. These operations not only demand specialized tools and skilled workers, but also, due to the weight of the panels, the on-site alignment and fixing process is quite time-consuming. Overall, corrosion and structural degradation contribute to their high maintenance costs. Regular rust removal, painting, and inspection become essential. Once damage occurs, localized replacement or repair is extremely inconvenient in the confined space of a tunnel, impacting normal tunnel operation. Therefore, there is a clear need for improvement in the weight, durability, structural safety, and total life-cycle cost of existing metal walkway panels. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a bamboo composite board for tunnel walkways and its processing technology, which solves the problems of traditional tunnel walkway panels being prone to rusting in humid tunnel environments, shortening their service life, and increasing maintenance costs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a bamboo composite board for tunnel walkway panels.

[0007] The bamboo composite board includes: Bamboo board surface: The main walking surface of the composite board. To improve safety and drainage performance, the upper surface of the bamboo board surface is integrally formed with anti-slip grooves to increase the contact friction with the soles of pedestrians' shoes and effectively prevent slipping; the lower surface is integrally formed with drainage grooves to guide and accelerate the drainage of water and prevent water from soaking the board.

[0008] Bamboo framing: As a reinforcing support structure for the composite board, it is laid on the lower surface of the bamboo panel. The bamboo framing significantly improves the overall bending strength and stiffness of the composite board, effectively resisting external loads and preventing bending deformation or even central collapse due to insufficient load-bearing capacity during use. Simultaneously, the gaps between the bamboo framing and the bamboo panel also form efficient drainage channels, further enhancing drainage performance.

[0009] Bamboo pad: As a component of the composite board, it is assembled together with the bamboo pad surface and bamboo keel to form a complete and stable composite board structural unit.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, to achieve better anti-slip and drainage effects, the anti-slip grooves on the upper surface and the drainage grooves on the lower surface of the bamboo board are both semi-circular. Compared to right-angled grooves, this arc-shaped structure provides a more uniform stress distribution, is less prone to stress concentration points leading to cracking, and is easier to clean.

[0011] In some specific implementations, the semi-circular anti-slip grooves on the upper surface of the bamboo board have a cutting depth and radius of 0.1 mm to 4 mm, while the semi-circular drainage grooves on the lower surface have a cutting depth and radius of 2 mm to 16 mm. The shallower upper grooves ensure walking comfort and board surface integrity, while the deeper lower grooves ensure sufficient water passage cross-section for rapid drainage.

[0012] To further optimize the mechanical properties and structural stability of the composite panel, the bamboo joists are laid at uniform intervals. For example, one to four bamboo joists can be laid, with a spacing of 300mm to 450mm, and bamboo joists are also provided at both edges of the composite panel (i.e., top-level laying on both sides). This layout ensures that the load can be evenly transferred to the entire panel surface, significantly enhancing the overall deflection performance of the composite panel. The bamboo joists can be trapezoidal, square tube, etc., to adapt to different mechanical requirements.

[0013] To ensure the long-term service life of the composite panel in harsh environments such as damp and dark tunnels, the bamboo surface, bamboo padding, and bamboo framing are all made from bamboo units that have undergone surface modification treatment. This surface modification treatment, such as carbonization, surface coating, or overlay, can significantly improve the bamboo's anti-corrosion and anti-mildew properties by altering the internal nutritional components or forming a physical protective layer, and can also improve its flame retardant rating, thereby comprehensively enhancing the environmental resistance and safety of the composite panel.

[0014] The second aspect of the present invention provides a bamboo composite board processing technology for tunnel walkway panels.

[0015] This process is used to process bamboo composite boards according to any of the aforementioned schemes, and is characterized by including the following steps: Bamboo board preparation: First, select suitable bamboo boards, such as, but not limited to, reconstituted bamboo boards, bamboo spliced ​​boards, or bamboo strip boards. According to design requirements, cut the bamboo boards into sheets to prepare three types of bamboo structural units with predetermined dimensions: bamboo surface panels, bamboo pads, and bamboo ribs. In a specific process, the length of the bamboo surface panel unit can be 300mm-2000mm, the width 20-40mm, and the thickness 5-40mm; the length of the bamboo pad unit can be 600mm-2000mm, the width 20-40mm, and the thickness 5-50mm; and the length of the bamboo rib unit can be 1000mm-2000mm and the thickness 10mm-50mm.

[0016] Grooving: Using mechanical processing, the aforementioned semi-circular anti-slip grooves and drainage grooves are respectively opened on the upper and lower surfaces of the bamboo board unit.

[0017] Surface modification: The surface of each bamboo structural unit after processing is modified. This step can be carried out by carbonization, spraying or dipping in a waterproof and anti-corrosion coating, or hot-pressing (such as polymer film or metal foil) depending on specific needs, in order to effectively improve the anti-corrosion, anti-mildew, flame retardant and weather-resistant properties of the final product.

[0018] Bamboo keel installation and assembly: The modified bamboo keel is installed and fixed on the lower surface of the bamboo board according to the preset spacing and position. Then, the bamboo pads are assembled with other components to form a complete bamboo composite board unit.

[0019] Finished product inspection and packaging: The prepared bamboo composite boards are inspected for size, appearance and performance. After passing the inspection, they are packaged for transportation and storage.

[0020] This invention provides a bamboo composite board for tunnel walkways and its processing technology. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention employs a composite structure design of bamboo panels, bamboo framing, and bamboo matting. This solution cleverly combines the lightweight properties of bamboo with structural mechanical optimization. The final product achieves significant weight reduction while maintaining sufficient load-bearing capacity. Existing technologies generally use integral galvanized metal materials. This solution solves the inherent problem of excessive weight, thereby effectively reducing transportation difficulty, installation costs, and load pressure on the tunnel's main structure. Utilizing bamboo as a substitute for traditional metal materials offers advantages such as being environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and readily available.

[0021] 2. This invention utilizes a design where functional grooves are created on both the upper and lower surfaces of a bamboo board, with a bamboo keel laid at the bottom. The anti-slip grooves on the upper surface enhance walking safety. The drainage grooves on the lower surface, working in conjunction with the bamboo keel, form an efficient drainage path. The scientifically arranged bamboo keel greatly enhances the board's bending resistance. Compared to existing metal walkway panels with their simple structure, this invention solves the serious safety hazards of surface water accumulation accelerating corrosion and the tendency for the central section to collapse after long-term load-bearing.

[0022] 3. This invention utilizes surface modification processes such as carbonization, surface coating, or overlay. This method deeply treats the bamboo material. This endows the composite board with excellent anti-corrosion, anti-mildew, and flame-retardant properties, essentially improving the material's durability in harsh environments. Existing galvanized metal materials inevitably corrode under the high humidity of tunnels. The solution of this invention solves the inherent defects of limited service life and the need for frequent maintenance and replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bamboo composite board structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the bamboo composite board of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bamboo composite board of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram of the carbonized modified reconstituted bamboo composite board of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram of the bamboo panel covering of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 4 This invention provides a bamboo composite panel for tunnel walkway slabs, comprising: The bamboo board surface has anti-slip grooves on the upper surface to improve friction and drainage grooves on the lower surface to promote drainage. Bamboo keel is laid on the underside of the bamboo board to support the bamboo board and enhance the load-bearing capacity of the composite board. Bamboo pads are assembled together with bamboo panels and bamboo framing to form a composite panel structure.

[0026] The upper surface of the bamboo board has a semi-circular groove to improve friction, and the lower surface has a semi-circular groove to promote drainage.

[0027] Bamboo framing is laid evenly on the underside of the bamboo board to enhance the flexibility and drainage performance of the composite board.

[0028] The bamboo panel, bamboo pad, and bamboo keel are all made from bamboo units that have undergone surface modification treatment.

[0029] Specifically, the composite board mainly consists of a bamboo panel, bamboo framing, and bamboo matting. The bamboo panel forms the main walking platform of the composite board. To improve its safety in humid environments, the upper surface of the bamboo panel is integrally formed with anti-slip grooves. In one specific implementation, these anti-slip grooves are semi-circular grooves with a rotary cutting depth and radius between 0.1mm and 4mm. This arc-shaped structure provides effective friction compared to sharp V-shaped or rectangular grooves, while avoiding stress concentration and improving the structural integrity and crack resistance of the board. Simultaneously, to address the issues of high humidity and water accumulation in tunnels, the lower surface of the bamboo panel is also provided with drainage grooves. These drainage grooves can also be semi-circular, with a rotary cutting depth and radius designed to be between 2mm and 16mm. Their function is to provide a clear water flow channel, guiding accumulated water or condensation to drain quickly, preventing corrosion or mold problems caused by prolonged water immersion on the lower side of the panel. Bamboo framing is the core load-bearing and reinforcing component of composite panels. It is laid on the underside of the bamboo panels, providing solid longitudinal support. Its shape can be trapezoidal, square tube, etc. By installing bamboo framing, the bending stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the entire composite panel are fundamentally enhanced, which directly solves the risk of central collapse that may occur in traditional walkway panels due to the decrease in load-bearing capacity after long-term use.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the bamboo keel is laid out evenly, for example, with 1 to 4 keels laid at unit intervals of 300mm to 450mm, and laid at the top of both sides of the composite board. This layout ensures that the external load applied to the board surface can be evenly distributed and transferred, thereby maximizing the deflection performance of the structure. The bamboo pad board serves as an assembly unit, assembled together with the bamboo board surface and the bamboo keel to form a complete and stable composite board structural unit. To fundamentally address the durability issue of bamboo as a biomass material in harsh environments, the bamboo board surface, bamboo pad board, and bamboo keel in this embodiment of the invention are preferably made from bamboo units that have undergone surface modification treatment. Surface modification treatment is a key process for improving the overall performance of the composite board. Treatment methods can include carbonization, surface coating, or overlay. For example, carbonization destroys the sugars and proteins inside the bamboo through high temperature and pressure, thereby eliminating the basis for mold growth and significantly improving its anti-corrosion and anti-mold properties. Waterproof, anti-corrosion, and flame-retardant coatings or overlays form a dense physical protective layer on the surface of the bamboo, isolating it from moisture and air, which can also effectively improve its durability and flame retardancy rating.

[0031] Bamboo mats have a length of 600mm-2000mm, a thickness of 5-50mm, and a width of 20-40mm.

[0032] Specifically, the bamboo mat is a key connecting and positioning component for the overall assembly of the composite panel structure. Structurally, it is used to securely integrate multiple bamboo panels with the underlying bamboo ribs into a single structural unit. The dimensional parameters given within this range ensure that the bamboo mat itself possesses sufficient structural strength and stability, reliably transferring and distributing stress. Simultaneously, this dimensional range also provides design flexibility, allowing for adaptive adjustments to the bamboo mat's dimensions based on the overall width of the tunnel walkway slab, load-bearing capacity, and the specific installation node requirements, ensuring the wide applicability of the technical solution of this invention.

[0033] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 4 This invention provides a bamboo composite board processing technology for tunnel walkway slabs, including the following steps: Bamboo boards: Select suitable bamboo boards, including reconstituted bamboo boards, bamboo splicing boards, and bamboo strip boards. Cut the bamboo boards into pieces with a length of 300mm-2000mm, a width of 20-50mm, and a thickness of 5mm-50mm to prepare three types of bamboo structural units. Grooving: Semi-circular grooves are made on the upper and lower surfaces of the bamboo panel; Surface modification: The board material is modified by carbonization, surface coating, and overlay methods; Keel installation: Install keels on the underside of the boards; Finished product packaging: Inspect and package the prepared reconstituted bamboo composite boards.

[0034] Specifically, the corresponding processing technology includes the following steps: First, bamboo boards are prepared. Suitable bamboo boards, such as reconstituted bamboo boards, bamboo splicing boards, or bamboo strip boards, are selected and cut into pieces to obtain bamboo structural units with predetermined dimensions. For example, the length of a bamboo board surface unit can be 300mm-2000mm, the width 20-40mm, and the thickness 5-40mm; the length of a bamboo pad board unit can be 600mm-2000mm, the width 20-40mm, and the thickness 5-50mm; and the length of a bamboo keel unit can be 1000mm-2000mm and the thickness 1... 0mm-50mm; then, grooves are cut on the upper and lower surfaces of the bamboo panel unit, creating the aforementioned semi-circular anti-slip grooves and drainage grooves respectively; next, surface modification is performed, with each processed bamboo structural unit undergoing the aforementioned carbonization, coating, or overlay treatment; then, the keel is laid and assembled, with the modified bamboo keel laid and fixed to the lower surface of the bamboo panel according to the preset spacing and position, and then the bamboo pads are assembled with other components to form a complete bamboo composite panel unit; finally, the finished product is inspected and packaged, and the prepared bamboo composite panels are packaged after passing inspection.

[0035] The upper and lower surfaces of the bamboo board are respectively provided with semi-circular grooves, and the lower surface of the bamboo board is covered with keel.

[0036] Specifically, the semi-circular grooves on the upper surface serve primarily as an anti-slip structure, aiming to effectively ensure the safety of personnel walking in damp tunnel environments by increasing the roughness and coefficient of friction of the walking contact surface. The semi-circular grooves on the lower surface work in conjunction with the laid bamboo joists, not only providing drainage channels for the panels themselves but also forming an elevated, larger-space, three-dimensional drainage system with the joists. The joists, as the core load-bearing components, provide strong support for the bamboo panel surface. This integrated composite design of "upper groove for anti-slip, lower groove for drainage, and joist for load-bearing" systematically solves the functional defects of traditional single-material walkway panels.

[0037] The surface modification process for bamboo boards involves carbonization, surface coating, and overlay to treat the boards, effectively improving their anti-corrosion, anti-mildew, and flame-retardant properties.

[0038] Specifically, carbonization, for example, involves pyrolysis under high temperature, high pressure, and oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient conditions to destroy the cellulose and hemicellulose inside the bamboo, and remove its sugars, fats, and other nutrients, fundamentally eliminating the environment for mold growth and thus achieving excellent anti-corrosion and anti-mold properties. Surface coating or overlay processes, on the other hand, form a dense physical protective barrier on the bamboo surface, effectively isolating it from external moisture, oxygen, and other corrosive factors. Depending on the choice of coating or overlay material, it can impart excellent flame-retardant properties to the composite board, significantly improving its overall durability and safety.

[0039] The bamboo board surface has a length of 300mm-2000mm, a thickness of 5-40mm, and a width of 20-40mm. The upper surface has a semi-circular groove with a rotary cutting depth and radius of 0.1-4mm to increase friction, and the lower surface has a semi-circular groove with a rotary cutting depth and radius of 2-16mm to promote drainage.

[0040] Specifically, the bamboo panel surface is the core function of the composite board, and its size design reflects a refined differentiation of functions. The shallower semi-circular grooves (0.1-4mm) on the upper surface are a balanced design, creating an effective anti-slip texture without compromising walking comfort or making debris difficult to clean due to excessive depth. The lower surface features deeper and larger semi-circular grooves (2-16mm) designed to create drainage channels with a larger cross-sectional area, ensuring rapid and unobstructed drainage even with large volumes of water, preventing water accumulation at the bottom of the board. This differentiated and refined structural design, catering to different functional needs, is key to enhancing the overall performance of the composite board.

[0041] The keel structure is 1000mm-2000mm long and 10mm-50mm thick. Its shape includes trapezoidal and square tube. The units are spaced 300mm-450mm apart, and 1-4 units are laid with top grids on both sides. The uniform laying method enhances deflection and drainage.

[0042] Specifically, bamboo framing acts as the "skeleton" of the composite board, and its structure and layout are crucial for ensuring overall mechanical performance. Offering different shapes such as trapezoidal and square tubes allows for optimal mechanical selection based on varying spans and load requirements. The 300mm-450mm laying interval and the 1-4 framing lengths are a scientifically calculated layout designed to evenly distribute the pressure on the board surface to each framing support point, significantly improving overall bending resistance and deflection performance. The "top-edge on both sides" laying method, where framing is placed at the outermost edge of the composite board, effectively strengthens the edge support, preventing edge collapse or deformation. This uniform and comprehensive laying method not only constructs a solid load-bearing system but also creates a regular and unobstructed overhead space for efficient drainage.

[0043] refer to Figure 5This embodiment 1 provides a bamboo composite board suitable for tunnel walkway slabs, prepared using carbonized modified reconstituted bamboo. Its structure mainly includes: 1. a bamboo pad, 2. a bamboo surface, and 3. bamboo ribs. The bamboo pad is 700mm long, 40mm thick, and 24mm wide; the bamboo surface is 355mm long, 10mm thick, and 140mm wide, with a semi-circular groove of 4mm radius on the upper surface to improve friction, and a semi-circular groove of 16mm radius on the lower surface to promote drainage. Twelve pads are laid at 10mm intervals. The bamboo ribs are 1800mm long, 10mm thick, and trapezoidal in shape, laid at 350mm intervals with top-mounted sections on both sides, and their uniform laying method enhances deflection and drainage.

[0044] Effects: Deflection 1 / 260L, flame retardant rating B1, weight ≤25 kg.

[0045] refer to Figure 6 This embodiment 2 provides a bamboo composite board suitable for tunnel walkway slabs, which is prepared using covered bamboo panels. Its structure mainly includes bamboo pads, bamboo panels, and bamboo framing. The bamboo pads are 600mm long, 35mm thick, and 25mm wide; the bamboo panels are 1800mm long, 10mm thick, and 100mm wide, with a semi-circular groove of 3mm radius on the upper surface to improve friction, and a semi-circular groove of 15mm radius on the lower surface to promote drainage. Six panels are laid at 10mm intervals. The bamboo framing is 600mm long, 10mm thick, and trapezoidal in shape. Three framing members are laid at 590mm intervals, with top-mounted sections on both sides, and their uniform laying method enhances deflection and drainage.

[0046] Effects: Deflection 1 / 250L, flame retardant rating B1, weight ≤23 kg.

Claims

1. A bamboo composite board for a tunnel walkway, characterized in that, include: The bamboo board surface has anti-slip grooves on its upper surface to improve friction and drainage grooves on its lower surface to promote drainage. Bamboo keel is laid on the lower surface of the bamboo board to support the bamboo board and enhance the load-bearing capacity of the composite board. The bamboo pad, together with the bamboo board surface and the bamboo keel, forms the composite board structure.

2. The bamboo composite board for a tunnel walkway as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the bamboo board has a semi-circular groove for improving friction, and the lower surface has a semi-circular groove for promoting drainage.

3. The bamboo composite board for a tunnel walkway as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bamboo keel is evenly laid on the underside of the bamboo board to enhance the flexibility and drainage performance of the composite board.

4. The bamboo composite board for a tunnel walkway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bamboo board surface, bamboo pad, and bamboo keel are all made from bamboo units that have undergone surface modification treatment.

5. The bamboo composite board for a tunnel walkway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bamboo mat has a length of 600mm-2000mm, a thickness of 5-50mm, and a width of 20-40mm.

6. A bamboo composite board processing technology for tunnel walkway slabs, used to process the bamboo composite board for tunnel walkway slabs according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Bamboo boards: Select suitable bamboo boards, including reconstituted bamboo boards, bamboo splicing boards, and bamboo strip boards. Cut the bamboo boards into pieces with a length of 300mm-2000mm, a width of 20-50mm, and a thickness of 5mm-50mm to prepare three types of bamboo structural units. Grooving: Semi-circular grooves are made on the upper and lower surfaces of the bamboo panel; Surface modification: The board material is modified by carbonization, surface coating, and overlay methods; Keel installation: Install keel on the underside of the board; Finished product packaging: Inspect and package the prepared reconstituted bamboo composite boards.

7. The bamboo composite board processing technology for tunnel walkway slabs according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper and lower surfaces of the bamboo board are respectively provided with semi-circular grooves, and the lower surface of the bamboo board is covered with keel.

8. The bamboo composite board processing technology for tunnel walkway slabs according to claim 6, characterized in that, The surface modification process for bamboo boards involves carbonization, surface coating, and overlay to treat the boards, effectively improving their anti-corrosion, anti-mildew, and flame-retardant properties.

9. The bamboo composite board processing technology for tunnel walkway slabs according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bamboo board surface structure has a length of 300mm-2000mm, a thickness of 5-40mm, and a width of 20-40mm. The upper surface has a semi-circular groove with a rotary cutting depth and radius of 0.1-4mm to increase friction, and the lower surface has a semi-circular groove with a rotary cutting depth and radius of 2-16mm to promote drainage.

10. The bamboo composite board processing technology for tunnel walkway slabs according to claim 6, characterized in that, The keel structure is 1000mm-2000mm long and 10mm-50mm thick, and its shape includes trapezoidal and square tube. It is laid with 1-4 units at a unit interval of 300mm-450mm, with top grids on both sides, and its uniform laying method enhances deflection and drainage.

Images