Drill bit structure and drilling machine equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a drill bit structure and drilling machine equipment, and relates to the technical field of rock breaking equipment, the drill bit structure comprises a drill bit body, an electrified solenoid and two rock breaking assemblies, the top end of the drill bit body is used for being connected with a drill rod of the drilling machine equipment, and the drill bit body is provided with a mounting cavity; extending openings communicated with the mounting cavity are formed in the two radial ends of the drill bit body respectively; the electrified solenoid comprises a magnetic core tube and a coil wound on the periphery of the magnetic core tube, and the coil is used for being electrically connected with a power supply of the drilling machine equipment; the two rock breaking assemblies are embedded in the mounting cavity and located at the axial ends of the electrified solenoids correspondingly. The rock breaking assembly comprises a magnet, a drill bit block and cutting teeth, the magnet is located at the axial end of the electrified solenoid and slidably connected with the mounting cavity along the vertical inner wall, the drill bit block is fixedly connected with the end face, away from the electrified solenoid, of the magnet, and the cutting teeth are arranged at the end, away from the magnet, of the drill bit block. The anchoring length of the anchor cable and the anchor cable hole is shortened through the drill bit structure, and the cost loss of anchor cable materials is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock-breaking equipment technology, and more specifically, to a drill bit structure and drilling equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Existing drilling equipment typically uses hand-held pneumatic drills or multi-arm drills for construction. The anchor holes formed during drilling are usually cylindrical structures of uniform diameter, meaning the inner diameter of the hole remains almost constant along its vertical direction. However, in subsequent anchor support work, because the bottom of the borehole cannot be radially expanded, the anchoring section must rely on a longer linear section of the hole to provide sufficient gripping and pull-out resistance, significantly increasing the anchoring length and wasting anchor material. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The problem addressed by this invention is how to reduce the cost and waste of anchor cable materials, reduce drilling depth, and save investment.

[0004] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a drill bit structure and a drilling rig.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a drill bit structure, comprising: The drill bit body has a top end for connecting to the drill rod of the drilling rig, the drill bit body has an installation cavity, and the two radial ends of the drill bit body are respectively provided with protrusions communicating with the installation cavity; An energized solenoid is horizontally positioned and fixedly installed within the mounting cavity. The energized solenoid includes a magnetic core tube and a coil wound around the outer circumference of the magnetic core tube. The coil is used for electrical connection with the power supply of the drilling equipment. Two rock-breaking components are embedded in the mounting cavity and located at the axial ends of the energized solenoid. Each rock-breaking component includes a magnet, a drill bit, and cutting teeth. The magnet is located at the axial end of the energized solenoid and is slidably connected to the mounting cavity along the vertical inner wall. The drill bit is fixedly connected to the end face of the magnet away from the energized solenoid, and the cutting teeth are provided at the end of the drill bit away from the magnet. The opposing end faces of the two magnets have opposite magnetic properties. The axial ends of the solenoid are used to interchange the magnetic fields when the power supply outputs different current characteristics to the coil, so as to drive the two magnets and cause the corresponding drill bit blocks to extend or retract from the protrusion.

[0006] Optionally, the rock-breaking assembly further includes a rolling element, wherein the drill bit block forms a first cavity between its vertical end and the inner wall of the protrusion, the rolling element is installed in the first cavity, and the drill bit block is used to extend or retract the protrusion by linear movement via the rolling element.

[0007] Optionally, the drill bit block has a first groove at its vertical end, and the protrusion has a second groove on its vertical inner wall, the first groove and the second groove forming the first cavity; The rolling element is used to roll within the first cavity.

[0008] Optionally, the mounting cavity includes two first receiving cavities distributed radially at intervals along the drill bit body, and the two rock-breaking components are respectively embedded in the corresponding first receiving cavities; the drill bit body has a flow channel inside, the flow channel includes a main flow section and multiple branch flow sections, the multiple branch flow sections are respectively connected to the main flow section, and the ends of the branch flow sections away from the main flow section extend to the drill bit block and are connected to the first receiving cavities; the drill rod is used to install a water inlet pipe for guiding the flow, and the water inlet pipe is connected to the main flow section.

[0009] Optionally, the mounting cavity further includes a second receiving cavity, which is located between the two first receiving cavities, and the energized solenoid is fixed in the second receiving cavity; The rock-breaking assembly also includes a sealing structure, which includes a first sealing gasket and a second sealing gasket. The vertical ends of the drill bit block are respectively fixedly connected to the first sealing gasket, and the second sealing gasket is respectively fixedly installed on the vertical inner wall of the first receiving cavity. The first sealing gasket is used to move relative to the second sealing gasket, and the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket are used to prevent water from entering the second receiving cavity.

[0010] Optionally, the first receiving cavity is provided with a sliding groove along its vertical inner wall, the sliding groove corresponding to the position of the drill bit block, and the second sealing gasket is fixedly installed in the sliding groove.

[0011] Optionally, the rock-breaking assembly further includes a first fastener, which passes through the magnet and is connected to the drill bit block.

[0012] Optionally, the drill bit body includes two drill heads and a second fastener. The drill heads are provided with cavities. The two drill heads are arranged radially along the drill bit body. The two cavities corresponding to the two drill heads enclose the mounting cavity. The two drill heads are connected by the second fastener.

[0013] Optionally, the drill bit structure further includes a conductive slip ring, a first cable, and a second cable. The conductive slip ring includes a rotating part and a fixed part that are electrically connected to each other. The rotating part is used to rotate relative to the fixed part. The two ends of the first cable are electrically connected to the power source and the rotating part, respectively. The two ends of the second cable are electrically connected to the fixed part and the coil of the energized solenoid, respectively. The fixed part is fixedly installed in the mounting cavity of the drill bit body.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a drilling rig, including a drill rod, a power supply, and a drill bit structure as described above, and also includes a drilling rig body, which is fixedly connected to the drill rod and is used to drive the drill rod to perform lifting and rotating movements.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the drill bit structure and drilling equipment of the present invention are: The drill bit structure mainly includes a drill bit body, an energized solenoid, and two rock-breaking components. The drill bit body has an internal mounting cavity where the energized solenoid and the two rock-breaking components are installed. Therefore, the drill bit body provides installation space for the energized solenoid and the two rock-breaking components. The drill bit body has protrusions at both radial ends that communicate with the mounting cavities, allowing the two rock-breaking components to extend out of the drill bit body from their respective protrusions.

[0016] The bottom of the drill bit body can be provided with a protruding structure. For example, when normal drilling operations are required, the first and second lead wires are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply, respectively. After the power supply energizes the solenoid, the axial ends of the solenoid generate S-pole magnetic fields and N-pole magnetic fields, respectively. The axial ends of the solenoid are N-pole magnets and S-pole magnets with opposite magnetic properties. Based on the principle of opposite poles attracting each other, the two rock-breaking components have a magnetic force in the direction of the mounting cavity of the drill bit body, so that the two drill bits are placed inside the mounting cavity, while the two cutting teeth protrude from the drill bit body. In this state, the drill bit structure can be the same as a normal drill bit. Since the top of the drill bit body is fixedly connected to the drill rod, the drill rod can drive the entire drill bit structure to rotate, so as to use the protruding structure at the bottom of the drill bit body and the rotation of the cutting teeth to break the rock mass and realize the drilling operation.

[0017] When it is necessary to expand the radial dimension of the borehole bottom for subsequent anchor cable support engineering, the current characteristics of the power supply to the energized solenoid can be changed. For example, the energized solenoid has a first lead and a second lead, which are electrically connected to the negative and positive terminals of the power supply, respectively. After the power supply is energized to the energized solenoid, N-pole magnetic fields and S-pole magnetic fields are generated at the axial ends of the solenoid, respectively. The two magnets corresponding to the two rock-breaking components are located at the axial ends of the energized solenoid. Since the magnetism of the opposite end faces of the two magnets is opposite, for example, the axial ends of the energized solenoid are N-pole magnets and S-pole magnets, based on the principle of like poles repulsion, the magnetic forces of the N-pole magnetic field and the S-pole magnetic field at the axial ends of the energized solenoid drive the two rock-breaking components to move in opposite directions along the axial direction of the drill bit body, causing the two drill bits to move from... The drill bit extends outward from the corresponding outlet within the mounting cavity. In short, the diameter of the drill bit structure corresponding to the drill bit block extending out of the drill bit body is larger than the diameter of the drill bit structure corresponding to the drill bit block inside the drill bit body. Then, the drilling rig body is started, driving the drill rod to rotate the drill bit structure. The rotational motion of the cutting teeth set on the outer walls of the two drill bits cuts the rock mass on the bottom inner wall of the borehole, thereby expanding the bottom radial diameter of the borehole to form an enlarged anchor cable hole. Correspondingly, in subsequent anchor cable support engineering, the anchor cable can be inserted into the radially enlarged anchor cable hole, which not only reduces the anchorage length, correspondingly reduces the cost of anchor cable material, reduces the drilling depth, and saves investment in drilling operations, but also increases the contact area with the anchor cable through the radially enlarged anchorage hole, and correspondingly increases the anchorage strength of the anchorage section.

[0018] When the bottom of the borehole is enlarged and the drill bit structure needs to be removed from the anchor cable hole, it is only necessary to change the current nature of the power supply to the solenoid again. For example, the first and second lead wires are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply, respectively. After the power supply is energized to the solenoid, an S-pole magnetic field and a N-pole magnetic field are generated at the two ends of the axial direction of the solenoid. The two ends of the axial direction of the solenoid are N-pole magnets and S-pole magnets, respectively. Based on the principle of opposite poles attracting each other, the magnetic forces of the S-pole magnetic field and the N-pole magnetic field at the two ends of the axial direction of the solenoid drive the two rock-breaking components to move towards each other along the axial direction of the drill bit body. This causes the two drill bits to retract from the outside of the drill bit body through the corresponding protrusions into the mounting cavity of the drill bit body. In short, the diameter of the drill bit structure corresponding to the drill bit retracting into the drill bit body is smaller than the diameter of the drill bit structure corresponding to the drill bit protruding from the drill bit body, so that the drilling rig body can pull the drill rod and drill bit structure out of the borehole. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the drilling equipment in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a second schematic diagram of the drilling equipment in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energized solenoid in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the drill bit body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the power supply, conductive slip ring, and energized solenoid in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating part in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing part in an embodiment of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Drill bit body; 11-Drill head; 12-Second fastener; 110-Extension; 120-Mounting cavity; 121-First receiving cavity; 122-Second receiving cavity; 123-Slide groove; 130-Flow channel; 131-Main flow section; 132-Branch flow section; 2-Electrified solenoid; 21-Magnetic core tube; 22-Coil; 3-Power supply; 4-Rock breaking assembly; 41-Magnet; 42-Drill bit block; 421-First groove; 43-Cutting teeth; 44-Rolling element; 45-Sealing structure; 451-First sealing gasket; 452-Second sealing gasket; 46-First fastener; 5-Drill rod; 6-Conductive slip ring; 61-Rotating part; 611-Rotor housing; 612-Conductive slide; 62-Fixing part; 621-Stator housing; 622-Brush; 623-Connecting plate; 71-First cable; 72-Second cable. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the attached diagram, the X-axis represents left and right positions, with the positive direction of the X-axis representing the right side and the negative direction representing the left side; the Z-axis represents up and down positions, with the positive direction of the Z-axis representing up and the negative direction representing down. It should be noted that the aforementioned representations of the X and Z axes are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0022] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; and the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first," "second," etc., mentioned in this invention are used only to distinguish different devices, modules, or units, and are not intended to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules, or units or their interdependencies.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "one" and "more" used in this invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a drill bit structure, comprising: The drill bit body 1 has a top end for connecting to the drill rod 5 of the drilling equipment. The drill bit body 1 is provided with an installation cavity 120. Both radial ends of the drill bit body 1 are respectively provided with an extension opening 110 communicating with the installation cavity 120. A solenoid 2 is horizontally arranged and fixedly installed in the mounting cavity 120. The solenoid 2 includes a magnetic core tube 21 and a coil 22 wound around the outer periphery of the magnetic core tube 21. The coil 22 is used to electrically connect to the power supply 3 of the drilling equipment. Two rock-breaking components 4 are embedded in the mounting cavity 120 and are respectively located at the axial ends of the energized solenoid 2. Each rock-breaking component 4 includes a magnet 41, a drill bit 42, and cutting teeth 43. The magnet 41 is located at the axial end of the energized solenoid 2 and is slidably connected to the mounting cavity 120 along the vertical inner wall. The drill bit 42 is fixedly connected to the end face of the magnet 41 away from the energized solenoid 2, and the cutting teeth 43 are provided at the end of the drill bit 42 away from the magnet 41. The magnetic properties of the opposite end faces of the two magnets 41 are opposite. The axial ends of the solenoid 2 are used to exchange magnetic fields when the power supply 3 outputs different current properties to the coil 22, so as to drive the two magnets 41 and drive the corresponding drill bit block 42 to extend or retract from the extension port 110.

[0025] Specifically, the top end of the drill bit body 1 can be fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drill rod 5 by means of bolt fasteners, so that the drill bit body 1 can rotate synchronously with the drill rod 5.

[0026] Each protrusion 110 may have a vertical dimension slightly larger than that of the drill bit block 42, so that the drill bit block 42 can smoothly extend out of the drill bit body 1 through the protrusion 110 or retract into the mounting cavity 120 of the drill bit body 1.

[0027] The magnetic core tube 21 includes a carrier and an iron core. The carrier is an insulated tubular skeleton, made of materials such as plastic, ceramic, or paper tube. It mainly provides mechanical support and a winding path for the coil 22. In other words, the coil 22 uses insulated wire, tightly wound in one or more layers around the carrier to form multiple coaxial, equal-diameter, and closely arranged ring coils 22. The insulation between the insulated wires ensures that the current can travel along the helical path, avoiding a short circuit. The iron core is embedded inside the carrier, allowing it to be magnetized by the magnetic field of the coil 22, generating an extremely strong additional magnetic field that increases the total magnetic field strength by hundreds or even thousands of times. The iron core can be made of soft iron, silicon steel, or ferrite.

[0028] The two magnets 41 located at the two ends of the axial direction of the energized solenoid 2 are defined as the first magnet and the second magnet, respectively. The first magnet at the left end of the energized solenoid 2, which is close to the end of the energized solenoid 2, can be defined as the N-pole strong magnet (hereinafter referred to as the N-pole magnet). The second magnet 41 at the right end of the energized solenoid 2, which is close to the end of the energized solenoid 2, can be defined as the S-pole strong magnet (hereinafter referred to as the S-pole magnet).

[0029] The drill bit block 42 can serve as the mounting base for the cutting teeth 43. The cutting teeth 43 can have a raised structure.

[0030] In this embodiment, the drill bit structure mainly includes a drill bit body 1, an energized solenoid 2, and two rock-breaking components 4. The drill bit body 1 has an internal mounting cavity 120, within which the energized solenoid 2 and the two rock-breaking components 4 are installed. Therefore, the drill bit body 1 provides mounting space for the energized solenoid 2 and the two rock-breaking components 4. The drill bit body 1 has protrusions 110 at both radial ends that communicate with the mounting cavity 120, allowing the two rock-breaking components 4 to extend out of the drill bit body 1 from their respective protrusions 110.

[0031] The bottom of the drill bit body 1 may be provided with a protruding structure. For example, when normal drilling operations are required, the first and second lead wires are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply 3, respectively. After the power supply 3 energizes the solenoid 2, an S-pole magnetic field and a N-pole magnetic field are generated at the two axial ends of the solenoid 2, respectively. The two axial ends of the solenoid 2 are N-pole magnets 41 and S-pole magnets 41 with opposite magnetic properties. Based on the principle of opposite poles attracting each other, a magnetic force is exerted on the two rock-breaking components 4 in the direction of the interior of the mounting cavity 120 of the drill bit body 1, so that the two drill bits 42 are placed inside the mounting cavity 120, while the two cutting teeth 43 protrude from the outside of the drill bit body 1 (see...). Figure 1 As shown), in this state, the drill bit structure can be the same as a normal drill bit. Since the top of the drill bit body 1 is fixedly connected to the drill rod 5, the drill rod 5 can drive the entire drill bit structure to rotate, so as to use the protruding structure at the bottom of the drill bit body 1 and the cutting teeth 43 to rotate, thereby breaking the rock mass and realizing the drilling operation.

[0032] When it is necessary to expand the radial dimension of the borehole bottom for subsequent anchor cable support engineering, the current properties of the power supply 3 to the energized solenoid 2 can be changed. For example, the energized solenoid 2 has a first conductor head and a second conductor head, which are electrically connected to the negative and positive terminals of the power supply 3, respectively. After the power supply 3 energizes the energized solenoid 2, N-pole magnetic fields and S-pole magnetic fields are generated at the two axial ends of the energized solenoid 2, respectively. The two magnets 41 corresponding to the two rock-breaking components 4 are located at the two axial ends of the energized solenoid 2. Since the magnetism of the opposite end faces of the two magnets 41 is opposite, for example, the two axial ends of the energized solenoid 2 are N-pole magnets 41 and S-pole magnets 41, based on the principle of like poles repulsion, the magnetic forces of the N-pole magnetic field and the S-pole magnetic field at the two axial ends of the energized solenoid 2 drive the two rock-breaking components 4 to move in opposite directions along the axial direction of the drill bit body 1, so that the two drill bits 42 extend from the mounting cavity 120 through the corresponding extension port 110 to the outside of the drill bit body 1 (see Figure 2 As shown in the diagram, in short, the diameter of the drill bit structure corresponding to the drill bit block 42 extending outside the drill bit body 1 is larger than the diameter of the drill bit structure corresponding to the drill bit block 42 inside the drill bit body 1. Then, the drill body of the drilling equipment is started, and the drill rod 5 drives the drill bit structure to rotate. The rotational motion of the cutting teeth 43 respectively set on the outer walls of the two drill bit blocks 42 cuts the bottom inner wall rock mass of the borehole, thereby expanding the bottom radial diameter of the borehole to form an expanded bottom anchor cable hole. Correspondingly, in the subsequent anchor cable support project, the anchor cable can be inserted into the radially expanded anchor cable hole, which not only reduces the anchorage length, but also reduces the cost of anchor cable material, reduces the drilling depth, and saves investment in drilling operations. Moreover, the expanded radial diameter of the anchorage hole increases the contact area with the anchor cable, and correspondingly increases the anchorage strength of the anchorage section.

[0033] When the bottom of the borehole is enlarged and the drill bit structure needs to be removed from the anchor cable hole, it is only necessary to change the current characteristics of the power supply 3 to the energized solenoid 2 again. For example, the first and second lead wires are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply 3, respectively. After the power supply 3 energizes the energized solenoid 2, an S-pole magnetic field and a N-pole magnetic field are generated at the axial ends of the energized solenoid 2, respectively. The axial ends of the energized solenoid 2 are N-pole magnet 41 and S-pole magnet 41, respectively. Based on the principle of opposite poles attracting each other, the current is used to... The magnetic forces of the S-pole magnetic field and N-pole magnetic field at both ends of the solenoid 2 drive the two rock-breaking components 4 to move towards each other along the axial direction of the drill bit body 1, so that the two drill bit blocks 42 are retracted from the outside of the drill bit body 1 through the corresponding protrusion 110 into the mounting cavity 120 of the drill bit body 1. In short, the diameter of the drill bit structure corresponding to the drill bit block 42 retracting into the drill bit body 1 is smaller than the diameter of the drill bit structure corresponding to the drill bit block 42 extending out of the drill bit body 1, so that the drilling machine body can pull the drill rod 5 and the drill bit structure out of the borehole.

[0034] Optionally, combined Figure 4 As shown, the rock-breaking assembly 4 also includes a rolling element 44. The drill bit block 42 forms a first cavity with its vertical end and the inner wall of the protrusion 110. The rolling element 44 is installed in the first cavity. The drill bit block 42 is used to extend or retract the protrusion 110 by moving linearly through the rolling element 44.

[0035] Specifically, the rolling element 44 can be a ball or a cylindrical structure.

[0036] A gap is reserved between the vertical end of the drill bit block 42, such as the top end, and the inner top wall of the protrusion 110, and a gap is reserved between the vertical end of the drill bit block 42, such as the bottom end, and the inner bottom wall of the protrusion 110. These gaps can serve as first cavities, and a rolling element 44 can be installed in each first cavity.

[0037] In this optional embodiment, by providing a rolling element 44 in the first cavity, the top and bottom ends of the drill bit block 42 roll into contact with the inner wall of the mounting cavity 120 through the rolling element 44 in the first cavity. This reduces the friction between the drill bit block 42 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity 120, thereby appropriately reducing the magnetic force requirement of the energized solenoid 2 on the magnet 41. Correspondingly, this reduces the current requirement of the power supply 3 on the output current of the energized solenoid 2. In short, the energized solenoid 2 can achieve the same pushing or attracting force on the magnet 41 and the drill bit block 42 with a smaller current, thus reducing energy consumption.

[0038] Optionally, combined Figure 4 As shown, the drill bit block 42 has a first groove 421 at its vertical end, and the protrusion 110 has a second groove on its vertical inner wall. The first groove 421 and the second groove form the first cavity. The rolling element 44 is used to roll within the first cavity.

[0039] Specifically, a first groove 421 can be formed at both the top and bottom of the drill bit block 42 along the vertical direction, and a second groove can be formed at both the inner top and bottom walls of the protrusion 110 along the vertical direction. The first groove 421 and the second groove can form a first cavity.

[0040] In this optional embodiment, the first cavity formed by the first groove 421 and the second groove provides a precise assembly position and a restricted movement trajectory for the rolling element 44, reducing the movement deviation of the rolling element 44. This ensures that the rolling element 44 can only roll along a preset straight path during operation, without axial movement or radial disengagement in other directions. In short, the first cavity provides reliable guidance for the movement of the rolling element 44 and improves the reliability of the drill bit block 42's movement along the axial direction of the drill bit body 1. Furthermore, the edge of the first groove 421 reduces the probability of the rolling element 44 disengaging from the first cavity.

[0041] Optionally, combined Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the mounting cavity 120 includes two first receiving cavities 121 distributed radially at intervals along the drill bit body 1, and the two rock-breaking components 4 are respectively embedded in the corresponding first receiving cavities 121; the drill bit body 1 has a flow channel 130 inside, the flow channel 130 includes a main flow section 131 and a plurality of branch flow sections 132, the plurality of branch flow sections 132 are respectively connected to the main flow section 131, and the ends of the branch flow sections 132 away from the main flow section 131 extend to the drill bit block 42 and are connected to the first receiving cavity 121; the drill rod 5 is used to install a water inlet pipe for guiding the flow, and the water inlet pipe is connected to the main flow section 131.

[0042] Specifically, each of the first receiving cavities 121 is connected to the corresponding outlet 110.

[0043] Each of the first receiving cavities 121 provides installation and movement space for the magnet 41 and drill bit block 42 of the rock breaking assembly 4.

[0044] A flow channel 130 can be provided above the mounting cavity 120 in the drill bit body 1. The flow channel 130 may include a horizontally arranged main flow section 131 and a vertically arranged branch flow section 132. The two ends of the extension direction of the main flow section 131 are respectively connected to the branch flow section 132. The ends of each branch flow section 132 away from the main flow section 131 can extend to the adjacent position of the drill bit block 42 and communicate with the first receiving cavity 121.

[0045] A water inlet pipe can be fixedly installed inside the drill rod 5 to transport external water through the flow channel 130 to the first receiving cavity 121.

[0046] In this optional embodiment, during the process of radially expanding the borehole through the rock-breaking component 4 to form the anchor cable hole, the contact area and friction between the cutting teeth 43 and the rock mass increase, resulting in higher temperatures for the drill bit block 42 and the cutting teeth 43. Furthermore, radial expansion at the bottom of the closed borehole makes it more difficult for rock cuttings to be naturally discharged, easily accumulating within the enlarged anchor cable hole, hindering the cutting teeth 43 from extending further or affecting the borehole wall quality. Therefore, external water flow can first enter the main stream section 131 along the water inlet pipe inside the drill rod 5, and then be diverted along each branch section 132 to the first receiving cavity 121, thus not only improving the temperature of the drill bit body 1 and the drill bit block 4, but also... 2. Cooling the cutting teeth 43 reduces the risk of decreased hardness, accelerated wear, or even thermal cracking of the cutting teeth 43 and drill bit block 42 due to high temperature. It can also flush and carry away the generated rock cuttings in time, and can act as a lubricant between the rock breaking component 4 and the rock mass, reducing the cutting resistance of the cutting teeth 43 to the rock mass. The combined effect of these two factors extends the service life of the drill bit structure and may increase the drilling speed under the same power. It prevents mud and sand from clogging the drill bit structure, ensures that the rock breaking component 4 can extend and retract smoothly along the radial direction of the drill bit body 1, avoids mechanical jamming caused by debris accumulation, and ensures the smooth progress of the hole enlargement operation.

[0047] Optionally, combined Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the mounting cavity 120 further includes a second receiving cavity 122, which is located between the two first receiving cavities 121, and the energized solenoid 2 is fixed in the second receiving cavity 122. The rock-breaking component 4 also includes a sealing structure 45, which includes a first sealing gasket 451 and a second sealing gasket 452. The vertical ends of the drill bit block 42 are fixedly connected to the first sealing gasket 451, and the second sealing gasket 452 is fixedly installed on the vertical inner wall of the first receiving cavity 121. The first sealing gasket 451 is used to move relative to the second sealing gasket 452. The first sealing gasket 451 and the second sealing gasket 452 are used to prevent water from entering the second receiving cavity 122.

[0048] Specifically, the second receiving cavity 122 can be located in the middle area of ​​the entire mounting cavity 120. At both ends of the second receiving cavity 122 along the axial direction of the drill bit body 1 are the first receiving cavities 121 with the same structure. The interior of the second receiving cavity 122 is used to install the energized solenoid 2.

[0049] The carrier of the energized solenoid 2 can be fixed to the inner bottom wall or inner peripheral wall of the second receiving cavity 122 by means of bolt fasteners.

[0050] Sealing structures 45 may be provided between the top of the drill bit block 42 along the vertical direction and the inner top wall of the first receiving cavity 121, and between the bottom of the drill bit block 42 along the vertical direction and the inner bottom wall of the first receiving cavity 121.

[0051] Both the first sealing gasket 451 and the second sealing gasket 452 can be made of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant rubber materials.

[0052] The first sealing gasket 451 can be fixed to the vertical end of the drill bit block 42 by riveting, bonding or other means; the second sealing gasket 452 can be fixed to the vertical inner wall of the first receiving cavity 121 by riveting, bonding or other means.

[0053] In this optional embodiment, since the water inlet pipe inside the drill rod 5 guides the water flow from the outside and enters the first receiving cavity 121 through the flow channel 130 to cool and lubricate the rock breaking component 4, as well as to discharge the rock cuttings at the bottom of the borehole, there is a certain pressure of water flow in both the first receiving cavity 121 and the outlet 110. The second receiving cavity 122 is located between the two first receiving cavities 121 and houses the core energized solenoid 2. A sealing structure 45 can be set between the drill bit block 42 and the first receiving cavity 121 along the vertical end. The sealing structure 45 and the drill bit block 42 can seal and isolate the first receiving cavity 121 and the second receiving cavity 122, effectively preventing water from the first receiving cavity 121 from entering the second receiving cavity 122 and causing problems such as short circuit, insulation failure, and core corrosion of the energized solenoid 2. This would paralyze the hole-expanding drive of the rock-breaking component 4 caused by the energized solenoid 2, significantly enhancing the durability of the drill bit structure in wet, water-rich, or corrosive formations. While ensuring the cooling, lubrication, and rock cuttings removal of the rock-breaking component 4, it prevents water from affecting the energized solenoid 2, thus protecting the survival environment of the energized solenoid 2.

[0054] Optionally, combined Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first receiving cavity 121 is provided with a sliding groove 123 along its vertical inner wall. The sliding groove 123 corresponds to the position of the drill bit block 42. The second sealing gasket 452 is fixedly installed in the sliding groove 123.

[0055] Specifically, grooves 123 can be formed on both the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the first receiving cavity 121. In other words, the distance between the upper and lower grooves 123 in the first receiving cavity 121 is greater than or equal to the sum of the heights of the drill bit block 42 and the two sealing structures 45 at both axial ends of the drill bit block 42.

[0056] In this optional embodiment, the first receiving cavity 121 is provided with grooves 123 along its vertical inner wall. The top and bottom ends of the drill bit block 42 are in contact with or fit against the grooves 123 through the sealing structure 45. This not only improves the guiding and limiting effect of the drill bit block 42 moving axially along the drill bit body 1 through the grooves 123 via the sealing structure 45, preventing the drill bit block 42 from moving beyond its travel, but also ensures the absolute stability of the static installation of the second sealing gasket 452, making it a reliable reference surface and forming a continuous, uniform and tightly fitted dynamic sealing interface with the first sealing gasket 451. This greatly reduces the probability of water intrusion into the second receiving cavity 122, providing a higher level of waterproof protection for the energized solenoid 2, thereby ensuring the core hole-reaming drive function is foolproof under harsh working conditions.

[0057] Furthermore, the second sealing gasket 452, which is securely installed in the groove 123, reduces fretting wear and abnormal wear caused by vibration and impact. This extends the overall service life of the first sealing gasket 451 and the second sealing gasket 452 and reduces unplanned maintenance caused by failure of the sealing structure 45.

[0058] In related technologies, the severe and variable impact loads that the drill bit 42 experiences during rock breaking can easily lead to failure of simple bonding, welding, or planar pressing. Once the connection interface between the magnet 41 and the drill bit 42 becomes loose or detached, it may directly lead to failure of the hole reaming power transmission or slippage, making it impossible to form the predetermined hole shape; the connection gap may cause abnormal vibration, damaging the internal precision solenoid 2 and sealing structure 45.

[0059] Optionally, combined Figure 4 As shown, the rock-breaking component 4 also includes a first fastener 46, which passes through the magnet 41 and is connected to the drill bit block 42.

[0060] Specifically, the first fastener 46 can be a bolt fastener.

[0061] For example, a first threaded hole can be made on the magnet 41 and a second threaded hole can be made on the drill block 42. The first fastener 46 is sequentially inserted through the first threaded hole of the magnet 41 and into the second threaded hole of the drill block 42 to achieve a fixed connection between the two.

[0062] In this optional embodiment, the first fastener 46 provides a stable mechanical locking force for the connection between the magnet 41 and the drill bit block 42, which can effectively resist axial impact and vibration fatigue, and ensure the absolute stability and reliability of the power transmission path from the magnet 41 to the drill bit block 42. This is the basic mechanical guarantee for realizing the controllable hole enlargement function.

[0063] The stable connection between the magnet 41 and the drill bit block 42 enables the thrust generated by the electromagnetic drive of the magnet 41 of the rock-breaking component 4 by the energized solenoid 2 to be converted into the radial cutting motion of the drill bit block 42 more efficiently and in real time, which is conducive to achieving more precise control of the hole diameter.

[0064] By rigidly connecting the magnet 41 and the drill bit block 42 into a whole, the structural rigidity of the rock breaking component 4 in the extended state is improved, the ability to resist radial off-center load is stronger, the risk of jamming caused by stress deformation is reduced, and the service life of the rock breaking component 4 is extended.

[0065] The first fastener 46 is used to connect the drill bit block 42 and the magnet 41, allowing them to be separated. When the cutting teeth 43 wear down, only the drill bit block 42 needs to be replaced, without replacing the entire rock-breaking assembly 4, which significantly reduces the cost of use and maintenance.

[0066] Optionally, combined Figure 5 As shown, the drill bit body 1 includes two drill heads 11 and a second fastener 12. The drill heads 11 are provided with cavities. The two drill heads 11 are arranged radially along the drill bit body 1. The two cavities corresponding to the two drill heads 11 enclose the mounting cavity 120. The two drill heads 11 are connected by the second fastener 12.

[0067] Specifically, the cavity volumes of the two drill bits 11 can be the same or different, as long as the mounting cavity 120 formed after the two cavities are closed can accommodate the energized solenoid 2 and the two rock-breaking components 4.

[0068] The second fastener 12 can be a bolt fastener.

[0069] In this optional embodiment, by designing the drill body 1 to consist of two drill heads 11 and combined with a second fastener 12 (such as a high-strength bolt), the complex mounting cavity 120 is formed by two concave cavities, fundamentally transforming a non-removable, closed, complex internal cavity into an openable, accessible modular assembly space.

[0070] The split design of the drill body 1, which includes two drill heads 11, allows the cavity of each drill head 11 to be manufactured independently using relatively simple processes (such as precision casting or machining), which greatly reduces the processing difficulty and cost and improves the yield.

[0071] Each drill bit 11 has an open or semi-open cavity, allowing for convenient and accurate installation and positioning of internal components such as the energized solenoid 2, the rock-breaking assembly 4 with a sealing gasket, and the rolling element 44. The two drill bits 11 are then locked together as a robust unit using a second fastener 12. When any internal component needs maintenance or replacement, only the second fastener 12 needs to be removed. This enables the maintainability and replaceability of core functional components, significantly extending the service life of the entire drill bit structure and reducing total lifespan costs.

[0072] Furthermore, the second fastener 12 connection ensures that the two drill bits 11 are tightly joined when subjected to severe drilling torque and impact, maintaining the overall geometric accuracy of the mounting cavity 120, providing a stable and reliable mounting reference for all internal moving parts (magnet 41 and drill bit block 42) and sealing interfaces (first sealing gasket 451 and second sealing gasket 452), and preventing functional failure caused by deformation of the drill bit 11.

[0073] The separate design of the two drill heads 11 allows for more flexible arrangement of the flow channel 130 and the groove 123 on at least one of the two drill heads 11, optimizing the internal space layout and making the multi-functional integration more reasonable.

[0074] In related technologies, the drill rod 5 drives the drill bit structure to rotate for drilling operations. In this case, the connecting cable between the power supply 3 and the solenoid 2 may twist, which may easily cause the connecting cable to break, thereby affecting the power supply of the power supply 3 to the solenoid 2, and consequently causing the rock breaking component 4 to be unable to drive the hole enlargement operation.

[0075] Therefore, the connection cable between the power supply 3 and the energized solenoid 2 can be prevented from twisting and breaking by, for example, by setting conductive slip rings 6 between the two ends of the connecting cable. This is illustrated by example, combined with... Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the drill bit structure also includes a conductive slip ring 6, a first cable 71, and a second cable 72. The conductive slip ring 6 includes a rotating part 61 and a fixed part 62 that are electrically connected to each other. The rotating part 61 is used to rotate relative to the fixed part 62. The two ends of the first cable 71 are electrically connected to the power supply 3 and the rotating part 61, respectively. The two ends of the second cable 72 are electrically connected to the fixed part 62 and the coil 22 of the energized solenoid 2, respectively. The fixed part 62 is fixedly installed in the mounting cavity 120 of the drill bit body 1.

[0076] Specifically, the rotating part 61 and the fixed part 62 can be cylindrical structures with different diameters. The inner diameter of the rotating part 61 is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed part 62, and part of the rotating part 61 is embedded in the fixed part 62.

[0077] The first cable 71 serves as a connecting cable between the power supply 3 and the rotating part 61, and the second cable 72 can serve as a connecting cable between the fixed part 62 and the energized solenoid 2.

[0078] The conductive slip ring 6 can be installed in the second receiving cavity 122 and above the energized solenoid 2. The drill bit body 1 is provided with a wire hole above the second receiving cavity 122. The first cable 71 passes through the wire hole and is electrically connected to the rotating part 61 of the conductive slip ring 6.

[0079] The rotating part 61 includes a rotor housing 611 and two conductive slides 612 arranged circumferentially on the rotor housing 611. The two conductive slides 612 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the rotor housing 611. The first cable 71 passes through the rotor housing 611 and is connected to the two conductive slides 612 respectively.

[0080] The fixing part 62 includes a stator housing 621 and two brushes 622. The two brushes 622 are spaced apart on the inner wall of the stator housing 621 along the axial direction of the stator housing 621. The rotor housing 611 is embedded in the stator housing 621 and the rotor housing 611 and the stator housing 621 are adapted to rotate relative to each other. Each brush 622 is connected to each conductive slide 612 and each brush 622 is electrically connected to the second cable 72.

[0081] The fixing part 62 also includes a connecting plate 623. The bottom end of the stator housing 621 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 623. The connecting plate 623 can be fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the second receiving cavity 122 by bolt fasteners, so as to fix the fixing part 62 in the second receiving cavity 122.

[0082] The first cable 71 includes a first positive cable segment and a first negative cable segment, and the second cable 72 includes a second positive cable segment and a second negative cable segment. When it is necessary to enlarge the hole, one end of the first positive cable segment and the first negative cable segment are electrically connected to the negative terminal and the positive terminal of the power supply 3, respectively. The other end of the first positive cable segment and the first negative cable segment passes through the stator housing 621 and is electrically connected to the corresponding two conductive slides 612. Each conductive slide 612 is electrically connected to the corresponding brush 622. The circumferential sidewall of the stator housing 621 is provided with two through holes at the corresponding positions of the two brushes 622. One end of the second positive cable segment and the second negative cable segment passes through the corresponding through holes and is electrically connected to the two brushes 622. The other end of the second positive cable segment and the second negative cable segment are electrically connected to the first lead and the second lead of the coil 22 of the energized solenoid 2, respectively. After the hole is enlarged, the two rock-breaking components 4 need to be retracted into the mounting cavity 120 of the drill bit body 1. Then, one end of the first positive cable segment and the first negative cable segment are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply 3, respectively.

[0083] In this optional embodiment, by spaced-apart conductive slides 612 on the outer peripheral wall of the rotor housing 611, it is not only convenient for multiple first cables 71 to pass through the rotor housing 611 and be electrically connected to the multiple conductive slides 612 respectively, but also to ensure the insulation performance between adjacent conductive slides 612. The rotor housing 611 may be made of insulating material and be a hollow cylindrical shape.

[0084] Multiple conductive slides 612 are spaced apart on the peripheral wall of the rotor housing 611. The conductive slides 612 can be conductive annular structures, such as copper rings. When the annular conductive slides 612 are provided on the circumferential sidewall of the rotor housing 611, both the inner and outer walls of the conductive slides 612 are conductive. This allows multiple first cables 71 to pass through one end of the rotor housing 611 and be electrically connected to the inner walls of the multiple conductive slides 612 respectively. The outer walls of the multiple conductive slides 612 are adapted to match and be electrically connected to the conductive parts of the fixing part 62, such as brushes.

[0085] By arranging multiple brushes 622 at intervals along the axial direction of the stator housing 621 on the inner wall of the stator housing 621, and embedding the rotor housing 611 inside the stator housing 621, each brush 622 is connected to the circumferential outer wall of each conductive slide 612. When the first cable 71 drives the rotating part 61 to rotate relative to the fixed part 62, the rotor housing 611 rotates inside the stator housing 621. At this time, each brush 622 rotates on each conductive slide 612, thereby ensuring that the first cable 71 electrically connected to each conductive slide 612 and the second cable 72 electrically connected to each brush 622 are always electrically connected. This effectively prevents the cable between the power supply 3 and the energized solenoid 2 from being twisted off as the drill rod 5 rotates, ensuring the normal operation of the energized solenoid 2. The stator housing 621 is also made of insulating material and has a hollow cylindrical structure inside, which can play an insulating role. The inner diameter of the stator housing 621 is slightly larger than that of the rotor housing 611, so that the rotor housing 611 can be easily embedded in the stator housing 621.

[0086] Multiple conductive grooves are formed on the circumferential outer wall of the conductive slide 612. Each brush 622 rotates within its respective conductive groove. The conductive slide 612 with these grooves not only limits the movement of the brushes 622 but also effectively prevents the rotating part 61 from moving relative to the fixed part 62 in the axial direction of the fixed part 62, thus ensuring smooth rotation between the rotating part 61 and the fixed part 62. At least two brushes 622 are connected to each conductive slide 612, thereby preventing the brushes 622 from breaking the circuit between the conductive slide 612 and the second cable 72 due to excessive wear after prolonged use.

[0087] Among them, the brush 622 is existing technology. For example, the brush 622 is usually installed on the commutator or slip ring. It is a sliding contact body and is mostly made of graphite. It is mainly used to conduct current between rotating parts (e.g., rotating part 61) and stationary parts (e.g., fixed part 62). Therefore, the brush 622 is a mature existing technology. As long as the brush 622 structure can cooperate with the conductive slide 612 to rotate and connect to achieve always being electrically connected, it is applicable to this technical solution. No specific limitation is made here.

[0088] The present invention provides a drilling rig, which includes a drill rod 5, a power supply 3, and a drill bit structure as described above. It also includes a drilling rig body, which is fixedly connected to the drill rod 5 and is used to drive the drill rod 5 to perform lifting and rotating movements.

[0089] Specifically, the drive end of the drilling rig body is fixedly connected to the top end of the drill rod 5, and the bottom end of the drill rod 5 is fixedly connected to the top end of the drill bit body 1, so that the drilling rig body can drive the drill rod 5 to drive the drill bit structure to perform lifting and rotating movements.

[0090] The beneficial effects of the drilling equipment in this embodiment compared to the prior art are the same as those of the drill bit structure described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0091] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill bit structure, characterized in that, include: The drill bit body (1) has a top end for connecting to the drill rod (5) of the drilling equipment. The drill bit body (1) is provided with an installation cavity (120). The two radial ends of the drill bit body (1) are respectively provided with an extension (110) communicating with the installation cavity (120). A solenoid (2) is horizontally arranged and fixedly installed in the mounting cavity (120). The solenoid (2) includes a magnetic core tube (21) and a coil (22) wound around the outer circumference of the magnetic core tube (21). The coil (22) is used to electrically connect to the power supply (3) of the drilling equipment. Two rock-breaking components (4) are embedded in the mounting cavity (120) and are respectively located at the axial ends of the energized solenoid (2). Each rock-breaking component (4) includes a magnet (41), a drill bit (42), and cutting teeth (43). The magnet (41) is located at the axial end of the energized solenoid (2) and is slidably connected to the mounting cavity (120) along the vertical inner wall. The drill bit (42) is fixedly connected to the end face of the magnet (41) away from the energized solenoid (2). The cutting teeth (43) are provided at the end of the drill bit (42) away from the magnet (41). The magnetism of the opposite end faces of the two magnets (41) is opposite. The axial ends of the solenoid (2) are used to exchange magnetic fields when the power supply (3) outputs different current properties to the coil (22), so as to drive the two magnets (41) and drive the corresponding drill bit block (42) to extend or retract from the protrusion (110).

2. The drill bit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rock-breaking assembly (4) further includes a rolling element (44). The drill bit block (42) forms a first cavity between its vertical end and the inner wall of the protrusion (110). The rolling element (44) is installed in the first cavity. The drill bit block (42) is used to move linearly through the rolling element (44) to extend or retract the protrusion (110).

3. The drill bit structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drill bit block (42) has a first groove (421) at its vertical end, and the protrusion (110) has a second groove along its vertical inner wall. The first groove (421) and the second groove form the first cavity. The rolling element (44) is used to roll within the first cavity.

4. The drill bit structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting cavity (120) includes two first receiving cavities (121) distributed radially along the drill bit body (1), and the two rock breaking components (4) are respectively embedded in the corresponding first receiving cavities (121); the drill bit body (1) is provided with a flow channel (130), the flow channel (130) includes a main flow section (131) and multiple branch flow sections (132), the multiple branch flow sections (132) are respectively connected to the main flow section (131), and the end of the branch flow section (132) away from the main flow section (131) extends to the drill bit block (42) and is connected to the first receiving cavity (121); the drill rod (5) is used to set a water inlet pipe for guiding the flow, and the water inlet pipe is connected to the main flow section (131).

5. The drill bit structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting cavity (120) further includes a second receiving cavity (122), which is located between the two first receiving cavities (121), and the energized solenoid (2) is fixed in the second receiving cavity (122); The rock-breaking component (4) further includes a sealing structure (45), which includes a first sealing gasket (451) and a second sealing gasket (452). The drill bit block (42) is fixedly connected to the first sealing gasket (451) at its vertical end. The second sealing gasket (452) is fixedly installed on the vertical inner wall of the first receiving cavity (121). The first sealing gasket (451) is used to move relative to the second sealing gasket (452). The first sealing gasket (451) and the second sealing gasket (452) are used to prevent water from entering the second receiving cavity (122).

6. The drill bit structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first receiving cavity (121) is provided with a sliding groove (123) along the vertical inner wall. The sliding groove (123) corresponds to the position of the drill bit block (42). The second sealing gasket (452) is fixedly installed in the sliding groove (123).

7. The drill bit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rock-breaking component (4) also includes a first fastener (46), which passes through the magnet (41) and is connected to the drill bit block (42).

8. The drill bit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit body (1) includes two drill heads (11) and a second fastener (12). The drill heads (11) are provided with cavities. The two drill heads (11) are arranged radially along the drill bit body (1). The two cavities corresponding to the two drill heads (11) enclose the mounting cavity (120). The two drill heads (11) are connected by the second fastener (12).

9. The drill bit structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It also includes a conductive slip ring (6), a first cable (71) and a second cable (72). The conductive slip ring (6) includes a rotating part (61) and a fixed part (62) that are electrically connected to each other. The rotating part (61) is used to rotate relative to the fixed part (62). The two ends of the first cable (71) are electrically connected to the power source (3) and the rotating part (61) respectively. The two ends of the second cable (72) are electrically connected to the fixed part (62) and the coil (22) of the energized solenoid (2) respectively. The fixed part (62) is fixedly installed in the mounting cavity (120) of the drill bit body (1).

10. A drilling rig, characterized in that, The system includes a drill rod (5), a power supply (3), and a drill bit structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and also includes a drill body, which is fixedly connected to the drill rod (5) and is used to drive the drill rod (5) to perform lifting and rotating movements.

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