Tool and method for measuring deformability of set cement

Abstract

The invention provides a tool and a method for measuring deformability of set cement. A set cement deformability measuring tool comprises a data acquisition and control system, a load sensor, a clamping frame, a loading pressure head, a heater, a sample cavity, a sample, a fixed base, a hydraulic loading device, a data transmission line and a displacement sensor, the fixed base is installed on the hydraulic loading device, the sample cavity is installed on the fixed base, the sample is installed in the sample cavity, and the data transmission line is installed on the data transmission line. The bottom of the loading pressure head is installed in the sample cavity in a sliding mode, the bottom of the loading pressure head abuts against a sample, the load sensor is connected with the top of the loading pressure head, the clamping frame is installed on the loading pressure head, the displacement sensor is installed on the clamping frame, a hoop platform is arranged on the sample cavity, and the bottom of the displacement sensor abuts against the hoop platform. The heater sleeves the outer side of the sample cavity; and the load sensor, the heater, the hydraulic loading device and the displacement sensor are connected with the data acquisition and control system through data transmission lines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of petroleum exploration and development technology, and in particular to a tool and method for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone. Background Technology

[0002] The region is rich in shale gas resources, representing a new "growth pole" for natural gas. However, the shale formation structure is complex. Compared with the geological characteristics of shale gas abroad, the formation is affected by tectonic movements, resulting in a state of compressive stress and strong formation activity. The block is in a strike-slip stress state, with a low critical stress value for inducing formation slippage. Fracturing operations generally employ high-volume, multi-stage, large-scale, and high-pump-pressure process parameters, leading to a low critical pressure for formation slippage. When a large amount of fracturing fluid enters the formation, it easily induces natural fault slippage, greatly increasing the risk of casing deformation. Existing cementing anti-casing deformation measures focus primarily on casing steel grade and size, with less attention paid to the anti-casing deformation capability of the cement sheath itself. As the "medium" of contact between the formation and the casing, the cement sheath is an important "barrier" supporting and protecting the casing.

[0003] Wellbore quality is a crucial indicator for ensuring the safety of oil and gas wells throughout their entire lifecycle, while the deformability of the cement stone is a vital technical parameter for guaranteeing casing integrity. Improving the deformability of the cement stone is an important means of mitigating casing deformation; however, current technologies lack tools and methods for measuring the deformability of the cement stone. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tool and method for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A cement stone deformation capacity measuring tool, comprising: a data acquisition and control system, a load sensor, a clamping frame, a loading head, a heater, a sample chamber, a sample, a fixed base, a hydraulic loading device, a data transmission line, and a displacement sensor. The fixed base is mounted on the hydraulic loading device, the sample chamber is mounted on the fixed base, the sample is mounted in the sample chamber, the bottom of the loading head is slidably mounted in the sample chamber, and the bottom of the loading head abuts against the sample. The load sensor is connected to the top of the loading head, the clamping frame is mounted on the loading head, the displacement sensor is mounted on the clamping frame, a clamping platform is provided on the sample chamber, the bottom of the displacement sensor abuts against the clamping platform, and the heater is sleeved on the outside of the sample chamber. The load sensor, the heater, the hydraulic loading device, and the displacement sensor are all connected to the data acquisition and control system through the data transmission line.

[0006] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: A hydraulic loading device is controlled by a data acquisition and control system to provide load to the cement stone. The load sensor can convert the load data applied to the sample into electrical signals in real time and transmit them to the data acquisition and control system via a data transmission line. The heater, surrounding the sample cavity, provides the experimental temperature for the sample. This invention enables loading of cement stone under high temperature, high confining pressure, and shear load conditions, accurately simulating the stress environment of cement stone downhole. It achieves real-time, continuous, and accurate measurement of large deformation of cement stone under downhole conditions, guiding the design of cement slurry performance to mitigate casing deformation, and providing technical support for the safe and efficient development of unconventional shale oil and gas wells.

[0007] Furthermore, the sample chamber has a through hole in the middle, and the sample is installed in the through hole of the sample chamber. The diameter of the through hole of the sample chamber is 0.2 to 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the sample, and the depth of the through hole of the sample chamber is 4 / 3 to 3 / 2 of the length of the sample. The diameter of the loading head is the same as the diameter of the sample.

[0008] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: it facilitates the loading of the indenter and the placement of the sample into the sample cavity, and facilitates the contact between the loading indenter and the sample.

[0009] Furthermore, the top of the sample chamber is provided with a pair of lifting ring holes, which are threaded holes, and lifting rings are installed in the lifting ring holes by threads; the heater is covered with an insulation sleeve on the outside, and the heater is connected to a heater control system, and the heater is connected to the data acquisition and control system through the heater control system.

[0010] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: the lifting ring can be connected to the sample chamber via threads, making it convenient to remove the sample chamber from the curing vessel after cement stone curing. An insulation sleeve is connected to the outside of the heater, which can stabilize the temperature of the sample chamber at the set temperature. The heater control system is connected to the heater, which can control the heater to provide the required temperature to the sample and transmit the temperature data to the data acquisition and control system in real time via a data transmission line.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixed base has multiple bolt holes for connecting to the sample chamber, and the fixed base has a drain hole along the diameter direction, which communicates with the edge of the sample chamber.

[0012] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: it facilitates the connection and separation of the fixed base and the sample chamber. The drain hole is connected to the edge of the sample chamber, which allows water to be drained during the loading process.

[0013] Furthermore, the loading head is cylindrical, and a universal loading upper head and a universal loading lower head are installed between the load sensor and the loading head. The top of the loading head is provided with a loading head limiting protrusion, and the universal loading lower head is provided with a universal loading head limiting hole adapted to the loading head limiting protrusion. The loading head limiting protrusion is installed in the universal loading head limiting hole. The universal loading upper head is connected to the universal loading lower head through an arc surface, and the load sensor is connected to the universal loading upper head. The middle part of the hydraulic loading device is provided with a loading limiting protrusion, and the fixed base is provided with a limiting hole adapted to the loading limiting protrusion. The loading limiting protrusion is installed in the limiting hole.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: the universal loading lower head is connected to the loading head through the universal loading head limiting hole, and the universal loading upper head is connected to the universal loading lower head through the arc surface. The loading head, universal loading upper head, and universal loading lower head have high strength and rigidity, and their deformation is small during the loading of the sample, reducing the error of the cement stone deformation measurement results. A loading limiting protrusion is provided in the middle of the hydraulic loading device, which is connected to the fixed base through the limiting hole. The load sensor is in contact with the universal loading upper head, which can convert the load data applied to the sample into electrical signals in real time and transmit them to the data acquisition and control system through the data transmission line.

[0015] Furthermore, the clamping frame includes: a pair of fastening bolts, a loading head clamping hole, a pair of fastening threaded holes, a pair of fastening smooth holes, a pair of bolt washers, a pair of bolt fastening caps, a clamping frame body, and a displacement sensor clamping hole. The loading head clamping hole, the pair of fastening threaded holes, the pair of fastening smooth holes, and the displacement sensor clamping hole are all disposed on the clamping frame body. The pair of fastening threaded holes are located one-to-one on the left side of the displacement sensor clamping hole and the right side of the loading head clamping hole, and the pair of fastening smooth holes are located one-to-one on the displacement sensor clamping hole. On the left side and the right side of the loading head clamping hole, a pair of fastening bolts pass through the fastening threaded hole and fastening smooth hole on the left side and the fastening threaded hole and fastening smooth hole on the right side respectively; a pair of bolt washers are sleeved on the pair of fastening bolts respectively, and a pair of bolt fastening caps are installed on the pair of fastening bolts respectively; the diameter of the loading head clamping hole is 0.2 to 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the loading head, and the diameter of the displacement sensor clamping hole is 0.2 to 0.3 mm larger than the diameter of the clamping part of the displacement sensor.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: The clamping frame is provided with a loading head clamping hole, the diameter of which is 0.2-0.5mm larger than the diameter of the loading head, ensuring that the loading head can pass smoothly through the loading head clamping hole; the clamping frame is also provided with a displacement sensor clamping hole, the diameter of which is 0.2-0.3mm larger than the diameter of the clamping part of the displacement sensor, ensuring that the displacement sensor can pass smoothly through the displacement sensor clamping hole. The rotating bolt fastening cap connects the fastening bolt to the fastening threaded hole and the fastening smooth hole, and the preload generated by the fastening bolt achieves a tight connection between the clamping head and the displacement sensor and the clamping frame.

[0017] Furthermore, a clamp is provided on the outer side of the top of the sample chamber, and multiple clamp screws are provided on the outer periphery of the clamp. The multiple clamp screws abut against the sample chamber. Each clamp screw includes a clamp screw cap and a clamp screw rod. The clamp screw cap is installed on the clamp screw rod, and the clamp screw rod is installed on the clamp by threads. The clamp screw rod abuts against the sample chamber, and a clamp platform is provided on the clamp.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: by uniformly rotating the clamp screw cap, the clamp screw rod is brought into contact with the outer wall of the sample chamber, and the clamp screw rod is tightened, ensuring that the clamp platform can be firmly connected to the sample chamber. The measuring head of the displacement sensor is in contact with the clamp platform, which can collect the displacement changes of the sample in real time during the loading process.

[0019] Furthermore, a release module is detachably installed on the hydraulic loading device. The release module has a release module groove, the inner wall diameter of which is 0.5 to 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the sample cavity. A release module sample hole is provided in the middle of the release module, the diameter of which is 0.5 to 1 mm larger than the diameter of the sample.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: the top of the demolding module is provided with a demolding groove, the height of the demolding module is consistent with the height of the sample, the inner wall diameter of the demolding groove is 0.5 to 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the sample cavity, ensuring that the bottom of the sample cavity is placed in the demolding groove, and a through demolding sample hole is opened in the middle of the demolding module, the diameter of the demolding sample hole is 0.5 to 1 mm larger than the diameter of the sample, ensuring that the sample removed from the sample cavity can fall smoothly into the demolding sample hole.

[0021] Furthermore, this invention also provides a method for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone, based on a cement stone deformation capacity measuring tool described in any one of the above-mentioned methods. The method for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone includes: S1, connecting the sample chamber to the fixed base and applying sealant to the inner wall of the sample chamber; S2, pouring the prepared cement slurry into the sample chamber; S3, transferring the sample chamber and the fixed base to a curing autoclave for curing for a set time; S4, installing the sample chamber and the fixed base on a hydraulic loading device; S5, placing the loading head into the sample chamber, connecting a load sensor to the top of the loading head, and installing a clamping frame on the loading head; S6, installing a displacement sensor on the clamping frame, with the bottom of the displacement sensor abutting against the sample chamber, and connecting the displacement sensor and the load sensor to a data acquisition and control system via a data transmission line; S7, starting the heater to heat the sample chamber until it reaches the set temperature; S8, starting to load the cement stone, collecting displacement data and load data in real time during the loading process; S9, stopping the experiment after loading to the set load value.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: A hydraulic loading device is controlled by a data acquisition and control system to provide load to the cement stone. The load sensor can convert the load data applied to the sample into electrical signals in real time and transmit them to the data acquisition and control system via a data transmission line. A heater surrounds the outer periphery of the sample cavity, providing the experimental temperature for the sample. This invention enables loading of cement stone under high temperature and high pressure, high confining pressure, and shear load conditions, accurately simulating the stress environment of cement stone downhole. It achieves real-time, continuous, and accurate measurement of large deformation of cement stone under downhole conditions and quantitative evaluation of the deformation capacity of cement stone under shear load conditions. This guides the design of cement slurry performance to mitigate casing deformation, providing technical support for the safe and efficient development of unconventional shale oil and gas wells.

[0023] Further, after step S9, the process includes: S10, turning off the heater and removing the load sensor, loading head, and displacement sensor; S11, separating the sample chamber from the fixed base; S12, installing the release module on the hydraulic loading device and placing the sample chamber in the release module groove; S13, placing the loading head into the sample chamber, connecting the load sensor to the top of the loading head, and installing the clamping frame on the loading head; S14, installing the displacement sensor on the clamping frame, abutting the bottom of the displacement sensor against the sample chamber, and connecting the displacement sensor and load sensor to the data acquisition and control system via a data transmission line; S15, starting to load the cement stone, collecting displacement and load data in real time during the loading process; S16, loading until the sample completely detaches from the sample chamber and falls into the release module sample hole, stopping the loading, and ending the experiment.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: it facilitates the removal of the sample and the collection of displacement and load data during the sample removal process.

[0025] The advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cement stone deformation capacity measuring tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed base provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamp structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the universal loading pressure head provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the demolding structure of the cement stone deformation capacity measuring tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement curve provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the method for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Data acquisition and control system; 2. Load sensor; 3. Universal loading upper head; 4. Universal loading lower head; 5. Fastening hole; 6. Clamping frame; 7. Loading head; 8. Clamp; 9. Clamp screw; 10. Heater; 11. Sample chamber; 12. Sample; 13. Insulation sleeve; 14. Fixed base; 15. Bolt hole; 16. Limiting hole; 17. Hydraulic loading device; 18. Data transmission line; 19. Displacement sensor; 20. Lifting ring; 21. Lifting ring hole; 22. Heater control. System; 23. Fastening bolt; 24. Loading head clamping hole; 25. Fastening threaded hole; 26. Fastening smooth hole; 27. Bolt washer; 28. Bolt fastening cap; 29. ​​Clamping frame body; 30. Displacement sensor clamping hole; 31. Drain hole; 32. Bolt; 33. Clamp screw cap; 34. Clamp screw rod; 35. Clamping platform; 36. Module removal groove; 37. Module removal sample hole; 38. Module removal; 39. Loading limit protrusion; 40. Loading head limit protrusion; 41. Universal loading head limit hole. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a tool for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone, including: a data acquisition and control system 1, a load sensor 2, a clamping frame 6, a loading head 7, a heater 10, a sample chamber 11, a sample 12, a fixed base 14, a hydraulic loading device 17, a data transmission line 18, and a displacement sensor 19. The fixed base 14 is mounted on the hydraulic loading device 17, the sample chamber 11 is mounted on the fixed base 14, the sample 12 is mounted in the sample chamber 11, and the bottom of the loading head 7 is slidably mounted in the sample chamber 11. The bottom of the sample cavity 11 abuts against the sample 12. The load sensor 2 is connected to the top of the loading head 7. The clamping frame 6 is installed on the loading head 7. The displacement sensor 19 is installed on the clamping frame 6. The sample cavity 11 is provided with a clamping platform 35. The bottom of the displacement sensor 19 abuts against the clamping platform 35. The heater 10 is sleeved on the outside of the sample cavity 11. The load sensor 2, the heater 10, the hydraulic loading device 17 and the displacement sensor 19 are all connected to the data acquisition and control system 1 through the data transmission line 18.

[0037] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: A hydraulic loading device is controlled by a data acquisition and control system to provide load to the cement stone. The load sensor can convert the load data applied to the sample into electrical signals in real time and transmit them to the data acquisition and control system via a data transmission line. A heater surrounds the outer periphery of the sample cavity, providing the experimental temperature for the sample. This invention enables loading of cement stone under high temperature and high pressure, high confining pressure, and shear load conditions, accurately simulating the stress environment of cement stone downhole. It achieves real-time, continuous, and accurate measurement of large deformation of cement stone under downhole conditions and quantitative evaluation of the deformation capacity of cement stone under shear load conditions. This guides the design of cement slurry performance to mitigate casing deformation, providing technical support for the safe and efficient development of unconventional shale oil and gas wells.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, further, the sample cavity 11 has a through hole in the middle, and the sample 12 is installed in the through hole of the sample cavity 11. The diameter of the through hole of the sample cavity 11 is 0.2 to 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the sample 12, and the depth of the through hole of the sample cavity 11 is 4 / 3 to 3 / 2 of the length of the sample 12; the diameter of the loading head 7 is the same as the diameter of the sample 12.

[0039] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: it facilitates the loading of the indenter and the placement of the sample into the sample cavity, and facilitates the contact between the loading indenter and the sample.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the top of the sample chamber 11 is provided with a pair of lifting ring holes 21, which are threaded holes, and lifting rings 20 are installed in the lifting ring holes 21 by threads; the heater 10 is covered with a heat insulation sleeve 13, and the heater 10 is connected to a heater control system 22. The heater 10 is connected to the data acquisition and control system 1 through the heater control system 22.

[0041] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: the lifting ring can be connected to the sample chamber via threads, making it convenient to remove the sample chamber from the curing vessel after cement stone curing. An insulation sleeve is connected to the outside of the heater, which can stabilize the temperature of the sample chamber at the set temperature. The heater control system is connected to the heater, which can control the heater to provide the required temperature to the sample and transmit the temperature data to the data acquisition and control system in real time via a data transmission line.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the fixed base 14 is further provided with a plurality of bolt holes 15 for connecting with the sample chamber 11, and the fixed base 14 is provided with a drain hole 31 along the diameter direction, and the drain hole 31 communicates with the edge of the sample chamber 11.

[0043] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: it facilitates the connection and separation of the fixed base and the sample chamber. The drain hole is connected to the edge of the sample chamber, which allows water to be drained during the loading process.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, further, the loading head 7 is a cylinder, and a universal loading upper head 3 and a universal loading lower head 4 are installed between the load sensor 2 and the loading head 7. The top of the loading head 7 is provided with a loading head limiting protrusion 40, and the universal loading lower head 4 is provided with a universal loading head limiting hole 41 adapted to the loading head limiting protrusion 40. The loading head limiting protrusion 40 is installed in the universal loading head limiting hole 41. The universal loading upper head 3 is connected to the universal loading lower head 4 through an arc surface, and the load sensor 2 is connected to the universal loading upper head 3. The middle part of the hydraulic loading device 17 is provided with a loading limiting protrusion 39, and the fixed base 14 is provided with a limiting hole 16 adapted to the loading limiting protrusion 39. The loading limiting protrusion 39 is installed in the limiting hole 16.

[0045] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: the universal loading lower head is connected to the loading head through the universal loading head limiting hole, and the universal loading upper head is connected to the universal loading lower head through the arc surface. The loading head, universal loading upper head, and universal loading lower head have high strength and rigidity, and their deformation is small during the loading of the sample, reducing the error of the cement stone deformation measurement results. A loading limiting protrusion is provided in the middle of the hydraulic loading device, which is connected to the fixed base through the limiting hole. The load sensor is in contact with the universal loading upper head, which can convert the load data applied to the sample into electrical signals in real time and transmit them to the data acquisition and control system through the data transmission line.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the clamping frame 6 further includes: a pair of fastening bolts 23, a loading head clamping hole 24, a pair of fastening threaded holes 25, a pair of fastening smooth holes 26, a pair of bolt washers 27, a pair of bolt fastening caps 28, a clamping frame body 29, and a displacement sensor clamping hole 30. The loading head clamping hole 24, the pair of fastening threaded holes 25, the pair of fastening smooth holes 26, and the displacement sensor clamping hole 30 are all disposed on the clamping frame body 29. The pair of fastening threaded holes 25 are located one-to-one with the left side of the displacement sensor clamping hole 30 and the right side of the loading head clamping hole 24, and the pair of fastening smooth holes 26 are located one-to-one with the displacement sensor clamping hole 30. On the left side of the clamping hole 30 and the right side of the loading head clamping hole 24, a pair of fastening bolts 23 pass through the fastening threaded hole 25 and the fastening smooth hole 26 on the left side and the fastening threaded hole 25 and the fastening smooth hole 26 on the right side, respectively; a pair of bolt washers 27 are sleeved on the pair of fastening bolts 23, respectively, and a pair of bolt fastening caps 28 are installed on the pair of fastening bolts 23, respectively; the diameter of the loading head clamping hole 24 is 0.2 to 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the loading head 7, and the diameter of the displacement sensor clamping hole 30 is 0.2 to 0.3 mm larger than the diameter of the clamping part of the displacement sensor 19.

[0047] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: The clamping frame is provided with a loading head clamping hole, the diameter of which is 0.2-0.5mm larger than the diameter of the loading head, ensuring that the loading head can pass smoothly through the loading head clamping hole; the clamping frame is also provided with a displacement sensor clamping hole, the diameter of which is 0.2-0.3mm larger than the diameter of the clamping part of the displacement sensor, ensuring that the displacement sensor can pass smoothly through the displacement sensor clamping hole. The rotating bolt fastening cap connects the fastening bolt to the fastening threaded hole and the fastening smooth hole, and the preload generated by the fastening bolt achieves a tight connection between the clamping head and the displacement sensor and the clamping frame.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, further, a clamp 8 is provided on the outer side of the top of the sample chamber 11, and a plurality of clamp screws 9 are provided on the outer periphery of the clamp 8. The plurality of clamp screws 9 abut against the sample chamber 11. The clamp screw 9 includes a clamp screw cap 33 and a clamp screw rod 34. The clamp screw cap 33 is installed on the clamp screw rod 34, and the clamp screw rod 34 is installed on the clamp 8 by threads. The clamp screw rod 34 abuts against the sample chamber 11. A clamp platform 35 is provided on the clamp 8, and the bottom of the displacement sensor 19 abuts against the clamp platform 35.

[0049] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: by uniformly rotating the clamp screw cap, the clamp screw rod is brought into contact with the outer wall of the sample chamber, and the clamp screw rod is tightened, ensuring that the clamp platform can be firmly connected to the sample chamber. The measuring head of the displacement sensor is in contact with the clamp platform, which can collect the displacement changes of the sample in real time during the loading process.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, further, a release module 38 is detachably installed on the hydraulic loading device 17. The release module 38 is provided with a release module groove 36. The inner wall diameter of the release module groove 36 is 0.5 to 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the sample cavity 11. A release module sample hole 37 is provided in the middle of the release module 38. The diameter of the release module sample hole 37 is 0.5 to 1 mm larger than the diameter of the sample 12.

[0051] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are as follows: the top of the demolding module is provided with a demolding groove, the height of the demolding module is consistent with the height of the sample, the inner wall diameter of the demolding groove is 0.5 to 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the sample cavity, ensuring that the bottom of the sample cavity is placed in the demolding groove, and a through demolding sample hole is opened in the middle of the demolding module, the diameter of the demolding sample hole is 0.5 to 1 mm larger than the diameter of the sample, ensuring that the sample removed from the sample cavity can fall smoothly into the demolding sample hole.

[0052] This invention provides a tool for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone, capable of quantitatively evaluating its deformation capacity under high temperature, high pressure, and shear load conditions. This guides the design of cement slurry to mitigate deformation, providing technical support for the safe and efficient development of unconventional shale oil and gas wells. It has broad application prospects in ensuring the efficient production of shale gas in oil and gas fields and other unconventional oil and gas resources for energy companies. It enables real-time, continuous, and accurate measurement of the degree of cement stone deformation.

[0053] This invention provides a tool for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone, including a cement sample curing and loading module, mainly comprising:

[0054] The sample chamber 11 has a through hole in the middle, the diameter of which is 0.2 to 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the sample 12, and the depth of which is 4 / 3 to 3 / 2 of the length of the sample 12. The upper part of the sample chamber has two lifting eye hole 21, which can be connected to two lifting eye rings 20 by threads. The bottom of the sample chamber has four bolt holes 15 along the circumferential direction. The top of the sample chamber has two lifting eye hole 21, which are threaded holes. The lifting eye rings 20 can be connected to the sample chamber by threads, so that the sample chamber 11 can be easily removed from the curing kettle after the cement stone curing.

[0055] The fixed base 14 has four bolt holes 15 along the circumference, the bolt holes are stepped in diameter, a limit hole 16 is opened at the middle of the bottom, and a drain hole 31 is provided along the diameter. The drain hole 31 is connected to the edge of the sample chamber 11, which can drain the water during the loading process.

[0056] The loading head 7 has a loading head limiting protrusion 40 at one end and a cylindrical shape at the other end. Its diameter is 0.2 to 0.5 mm smaller than the diameter of the through hole in the sample cavity 11. The universal loading lower head 4 is connected to the loading head 7 through the universal loading head limiting hole 41. The universal loading upper head 3 is connected to the universal loading lower head 4 through an arc surface. The loading head 7, the universal loading upper head 3, and the universal loading lower head 4 have high strength and rigidity, and their deformation is small during the loading of the sample 12, which reduces the error of the cement stone deformation measurement results.

[0057] The heater 10, which is wrapped around the sample chamber 11, can provide the test temperature for the cement sample (sample 12). The heater 10 is connected to the outside of the insulation sleeve 13, which can stabilize the temperature of the sample chamber 11 at the set temperature.

[0058] This invention provides a tool for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone, including a cement stone deformation measurement module, which mainly includes:

[0059] The clamping frame 6 has a loading head clamping hole 24, the diameter of which is 0.2-0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the loading head 7, ensuring that the loading head 7 can pass smoothly through the loading head clamping hole 24. The clamping frame 6 also has a displacement sensor clamping hole 30, the diameter of which is 0.2-0.3 mm larger than the diameter of the clamping part of the displacement sensor 19, ensuring that the displacement sensor 19 can pass smoothly through the displacement sensor clamping hole 30. The clamping frame 6 has a fastening threaded hole 25 and a fastening smooth hole 26, respectively. The fastening bolt 23 passes through the bolt washer, the fastening smooth hole 26 and the fastening threaded hole 25. The rotating bolt fastening cap 28 connects the fastening bolt 23 with the fastening threaded hole 25 and the fastening smooth hole 26. The pre-tightening force generated by the fastening bolt 23 achieves a tight connection between the clamping head 7 and the displacement sensor 19 and the clamping frame 6.

[0060] The clamp 8 has four radial threaded through holes on its circumference. Four clamp screw rods 34 can pass through the threaded through holes. By rotating the clamp screw cap 33 evenly, the clamp screw rods 34 are brought into contact with the outer wall of the sample chamber 11. Tightening the clamp screw rods 34 ensures that the clamp platform 35 can be firmly connected to the sample chamber 11.

[0061] The displacement sensor 19 is connected to the clamping frame 6 through the displacement sensor clamping hole 30. The measuring head of the displacement sensor 19 is in contact with the clamping platform 35, and can collect the displacement changes of the sample 12 in real time during the loading process.

[0062] This invention provides a tool for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone, including a temperature control module, which mainly comprises:

[0063] The hydraulic loading device 17 has a loading limit protrusion 39 at its middle position, which is connected to the fixed base 14 through the limit hole 16. The hydraulic loading device 17 can be controlled by the data acquisition and control system 1 to provide load for cement stone.

[0064] The load sensor 2, which is connected to the universal loading head 3, can convert the load data applied to the sample 12 into an electrical signal in real time and transmit it to the data acquisition and control system 1 through the data transmission line 18.

[0065] The heater control system 22 is connected to the heater 10 and can control the heater 10 to provide the required temperature to the sample 12, and transmit the temperature data to the data acquisition and control system 1 in real time through the data transmission line 18.

[0066] This invention provides a cement stone deformation capacity measuring tool, including a sample demolding module, mainly comprising a demolding module 38. The top of the demolding module 38 is provided with a demolding groove 36. The height of the demolding module 38 is the same as the height of the sample 12. The inner diameter of the demolding groove 36 is 0.5-1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the sample cavity 11, ensuring that the bottom of the sample cavity 11 is placed in the demolding groove 36. A through-hole demolding sample hole 37 is opened in the middle of the demolding module 38. The diameter of the demolding sample hole 37 is 0.5-1 mm larger than the diameter of the sample 12, ensuring that the sample removed from the sample cavity 11 can fall smoothly into the demolding sample hole 37.

[0067] like Figure 8As shown, this invention also provides a method for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone, based on a cement stone deformation capacity measuring tool described in any one of the above claims. The method includes: S1, connecting the sample chamber to the fixed base and applying sealant to the inner wall of the sample chamber; S2, pouring the prepared cement slurry into the sample chamber; S3, transferring the sample chamber and the fixed base to a curing autoclave for curing for a set time; S4, installing the sample chamber and the fixed base on a hydraulic loading device; S5, placing the loading head into the sample chamber, connecting a load sensor to the top of the loading head, and installing a clamping frame on the loading head; S6, installing a displacement sensor on the clamping frame, with the bottom of the displacement sensor abutting against the sample chamber, and connecting the displacement sensor and the load sensor to a data acquisition and control system via a data transmission line; S7, starting the heater to heat the sample chamber until it reaches the set temperature; S8, starting to load the cement stone, collecting displacement data and load data in real time during the loading process; S9, stopping the experiment after loading to the set load value.

[0068] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this invention are as follows: A hydraulic loading device is controlled by a data acquisition and control system to provide load to the cement stone. The load sensor can convert the load data applied to the sample into electrical signals in real time and transmit them to the data acquisition and control system via a data transmission line. A heater surrounds the outer periphery of the sample cavity, providing the experimental temperature for the sample. This invention enables loading of cement stone under high temperature and high pressure, high confining pressure, and shear load conditions, accurately simulating the stress environment of cement stone downhole. It achieves real-time, continuous, and accurate measurement of large deformation of cement stone under downhole conditions and quantitative evaluation of the deformation capacity of cement stone under shear load conditions. This guides the design of cement slurry performance to mitigate casing deformation, providing technical support for the safe and efficient development of unconventional shale oil and gas wells.

[0069] Further, after step S9, the steps include: S10, turning off the heater and removing the load sensor, loading head, and displacement sensor; S11, separating the sample chamber and the fixed base;

[0070] S12. Install the detachment module on the hydraulic loading device and place the sample cavity in the detachment module groove; S13. Place the loading head into the sample cavity, connect the load sensor to the top of the loading head, and install the clamping frame on the loading head; S14. Install the displacement sensor on the clamping frame, with the bottom of the displacement sensor abutting against the sample cavity, and connect the displacement sensor and load sensor to the data acquisition and control system via a data transmission line; S15. Begin loading the cement stone, and collect displacement and load data in real time during the loading process; S16. Load until the sample completely detaches from the sample cavity and falls into the detachment module sample hole, then stop loading and end the experiment.

[0071] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: it facilitates the removal of the sample and the collection of displacement and load data during the sample removal process.

[0072] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone, comprising:

[0073] Step 1: Connect the sample chamber 11 to the fixed base 14 with bolts 32, tighten the bolts, then connect the lifting ring 20 to the sample chamber 11 through the lifting ring hole 21 and tighten the lifting ring 20. Apply a layer of high-temperature resistant sealant to the inner wall of the sample chamber 11.

[0074] Step 2: Calculate the required cement slurry volume based on the sample length. Prepare the cement slurry according to the "Test Method for Cement in Oil Wells" in the national standard GB / T 19139-2012. Pour the prepared cement slurry into the through hole of the sample chamber 11. The amount poured in should be consistent with the calculated cement slurry volume. Measure the distance between the top of the sample chamber 11 and the cement slurry surface using a vernier caliper. Ensure that the measured distance is equal to the height of the through hole of the sample chamber 11 minus the height of the poured cement slurry.

[0075] Step 3: Transfer the integrated sample chamber 11 and fixed base 14 to the high-temperature and high-pressure curing autoclave using the lifting ring 20. Set the temperature and pressure and start curing. After curing for the set time, disassemble the curing autoclave and remove the integrated sample chamber 11 and fixed base 14 from the curing autoclave using the lifting ring 20. The cement slurry forms cement stone after curing, which is the sample.

[0076] Step 4: Connect the integrated sample chamber 11 and fixed base 14 to the hydraulic loading device 17 through the limiting hole 16, and unscrew the lifting ring 20 from the lifting ring hole 21. Connect the clamp 8 tightly to the sample chamber 11 through the clamp screw 9. Adjust the clamp screw 9 to ensure that the clamp platform 35 and the top of the sample chamber 11 are in a flat state.

[0077] Step 5: Adjust the height of the hydraulic loading device 17 through the data acquisition and control system 1 to ensure that the distance between the load sensor 2 and the hydraulic loading device 17 is greater than the sum of the heights of the sample chamber 11, the fixed base 14, the loading head 7, the universal loading lower head 4, and the universal loading upper head 3.

[0078] Step 6: Place the loading head 7 into the central through hole of the sample chamber 11, pass the loading head clamping hole 24 of the support frame 6 through the loading head 7, then put the bolt washer 27 into the fastening bolt 23 on the right side, and then screw the fastening bolt 23 on the right side into the fastening threaded hole 25 on the right side through the bolt fastening cap 28, and tighten the fastening bolt 23 on the right side to ensure that the clamping frame 6 and the loading head 7 are tightly connected.

[0079] Step 7: Pass the displacement sensor 19 through the displacement sensor clamping hole 30, and then screw the fastening bolt 23 on the left side into the fastening threaded hole 25 on the left side through the bolt fastening cap 28. Adjust the height of the displacement sensor 19 so that it has a certain contact force with the clamping platform 35. Tighten the fastening bolt 23 on the left side to make the clamping frame 6 and the displacement sensor 19 tightly connected. The displacement sensor 19 should be in a vertical and non-tilted state. Connect the displacement sensor 19 to the data acquisition and control system 1 through the data transmission line 18.

[0080] Step 8: Connect the universal loading lower pressure head 4 to the loading pressure head 7 through the universal loading lower pressure head limiting hole (universal loading head limiting hole 41), and then connect the universal loading upper pressure head 3 to the top of the universal loading lower pressure head 4 through the arc surface.

[0081] Step 9: Set the heater control system 22 to the experimental temperature, and start the heater 10 to heat the sample chamber 11 until it reaches the set temperature.

[0082] Step 10: Start the data acquisition and control system 1, and adjust the height of the hydraulic loading device 17 through the data acquisition and control system 1 so that the universal loading head 3 and the load sensor 2 have a certain contact force (preferably 1KN).

[0083] Step 11: Set the collected displacement values ​​to zero, set the loading method, calculate the target load value based on the external extrusion strength of the casing, and start loading the cement stone. During the loading process, collect displacement and load data in real time.

[0084] Step 12: After loading to the set load value, stop data acquisition as needed, stop the experiment, turn off the heater 10, control the hydraulic loading device 17 to move down a certain height, so that the universal loading head 3 can be separated from the load sensor 2 and can be freely removed. Take out the loading head 7 from the through hole of the sample chamber 11, unscrew the fastening bolt 23 from the clamping frame 6, take out the displacement sensor 19 from the displacement sensor clamping hole 30 in sequence, and take out the loading head 7 from the loading head clamping hole 24.

[0085] Step 13: Move the integrated sample chamber 11 and fixed base 14 from the hydraulic loading device 17 to the experimental platform, and use an Allen wrench to remove the bolts 32 one by one, so that the sample chamber 11 and fixed base 14 are separated.

[0086] Step Fourteen: Place the stripping module 38 on the platform of the hydraulic loading device 17, with its center located at the loading limit protrusion 39. Then place the sample cavity 11 in the stripping module groove 36 and adjust the sample 12 to make it coincide with the central axis of the stripping module 38.

[0087] Step 15: Place the loading head 7 into the through hole of the sample chamber 11, connect the universal loading lower head 4 to the loading head 7 through the universal loading lower head limiting hole (universal loading head limiting hole 41), and then connect the universal loading upper head 3 to the top of the universal loading lower head 4 through the arc surface.

[0088] Step 16: Repeat Step 10, set the loading mode through the data acquisition and control system 1, and start loading the cement stone. During the loading process, collect the displacement of the hydraulic loading device 17 and the loading load data of the sample 12 in real time.

[0089] Step 17: Loading continues until the sample 12 is completely detached from the sample cavity 11 and falls into the sample hole 37 of the detachment module. Loading is then stopped, and the experiment is ended. The hydraulic loading device 17 is lowered to a certain height by the data acquisition and control system 1, so that the universal loading head 3 is detached from the load sensor 2 and can be freely removed. The loading head 7 is then removed from the through hole of the sample cavity 11. The sample 12 can be cement stone.

[0090] Step 18: Collect the collected data, mark and save the loaded sample 12 for future related experiments.

[0091] The present invention provides a method for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone, which can be used to measure the deformation capacity of cement stone under simulated high temperature, high pressure and shear load conditions in underground wells. During the loading process of cement sample (sample), the lateral deformation of cement sample is restricted, so as to realize the real-time, continuous and accurate measurement of large deformation of cement stone (sample), provide data support for the performance design of cement stone to alleviate the deformation, and guide the performance design of cement slurry.

[0092] Example 1

[0093] like Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The horizontal axis represents the deformation displacement of the cement paste in mm, and the vertical axis represents the applied load in kN. In the figure, 1, 2, and 3 represent cement paste densities of 1.30 g / cm³. 3 The density of the cement slurry is 1.50 g / cm³. 3 And the density of the cement paste is 1.90 g / cm³. 3 The corresponding measurement curve.

[0094] The method for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone provided in Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0095] Step 1: Connect the sample chamber 11 to the fixed base 14 with bolts 32, tighten the bolts, then connect the lifting ring 20 to the sample chamber 11 through the lifting ring hole 21 and tighten the lifting ring 20. Apply a layer of high-temperature resistant sealant to the inner wall of the sample chamber 11.

[0096] Step 2: Based on the 50mm length of the sample, the required cement slurry volume is calculated to be 5.2mL. Prepare 600mL of cement slurry according to the national standard GB / T19139-2012 "Test Methods for Cement in Oil Wells". The cement slurry formula is: Jiahua G-grade cement + 20% quartz sand + 20% DRB-1S + 1% WG + 10% DRE-3S + 10% DRE-1S + 10% DRT-2S + 3.5% mineral fiber + 1.5% DRS-1S + 0.5% DRA-2S + 0.5% DRK-3S + 1.0% SW-91 + 0.5% DRS-2S + 50% high-strength glass microspheres + 3.5% DRF-1S + 1.0% DRH-22L + 130% water. The cement slurry density is 1.30g / cm³. 3 Pour the prepared cement slurry into the through hole of the sample chamber 11, with an amount of about 5.2 mL. Measure the distance between the top of the sample chamber 11 and the surface of the cement slurry using a vernier caliper, ensuring that the measured distance is equal to 25 mm.

[0097] Step 3: Transfer the integrated sample chamber 11 and fixed base 14 to the high-temperature and high-pressure curing autoclave using the lifting ring 20. Set the curing temperature and pressure to 140℃ and 20.7MPa, respectively, and start curing. After 7 days of curing, disassemble the curing autoclave and remove the integrated sample chamber 11 and fixed base 14 from the curing autoclave using the lifting ring 20.

[0098] Step 4: Connect the integrated sample chamber 11 and fixed base 14 to the hydraulic loading device 17 through the limiting hole, and unscrew the lifting ring 20 from the lifting ring hole 21. Connect the clamp 8 tightly to the sample chamber through the clamp screw 9. Adjust the clamp screw to ensure that the clamp platform 35 and the top of the sample chamber 11 are in a flat state.

[0099] Step 5: Adjust the height of the hydraulic loading device 17 through the data acquisition and control system 1 to ensure that the distance between the load sensor 2 and the hydraulic loading device 17 is greater than the sum of the heights of the sample chamber 11, the fixed base 14, the loading head, the universal loading lower head 4, and the universal loading upper head 3.

[0100] Step 6: Place the loading head 7 into the central through hole of the sample chamber 11, pass the loading head clamping hole 24 of the support frame 6 through the loading head 7, then put the bolt washer 27 into the fastening bolt 23, and then screw the fastening bolt 23 into the fastening threaded hole 25 through the bolt fastening cap 28, and tighten the fastening bolt 23 to ensure that the clamping frame 6 and the loading head 7 are tightly connected.

[0101] Step 7: Pass the displacement sensor 19 through the displacement sensor clamping hole 30, and then screw the fastening bolt 23 into the fastening threaded hole 25 through the bolt fastening cap 28. Adjust the height of the displacement sensor 19 so that it has a certain contact force with the clamping platform 35. Tighten the fastening bolt 23 to make the clamping frame 6 and the displacement sensor 19 tightly connected. The displacement sensor should be in a vertical and non-tilted state. Connect the displacement sensor 19 to the data acquisition and control system through the data transmission line 18.

[0102] Step 8: Connect the universal loading lower pressure head 4 to the loading pressure head 7 through the universal loading lower pressure head limiting hole (universal loading head limiting hole 41), and then connect the universal loading upper pressure head 3 to the top of the universal loading lower pressure head 4 through the arc surface.

[0103] Step 9: Set the heater control system to 22 to 140°C, and start the heater 10 to heat the sample chamber 11 until it reaches 140°C.

[0104] Step 10: Start the data acquisition and control system 1, and adjust the height of the hydraulic loading device 17 through the data acquisition and control system 1 so that the universal loading head 3 and the load sensor 2 have a certain contact force (preferably 1KN).

[0105] Step 11: Set the collected displacement values ​​to zero, apply a load of 50 N / min, calculate the target load value of 100 KN based on the external extrusion strength of the casing, and start loading the cement stone. During the loading process, collect displacement and load data in real time.

[0106] Step 12: Load to 100KN, stop data acquisition as needed, stop the experiment, turn off the heater 10, control the hydraulic loading device 17 to move down a certain height, so that the universal loading head 3 can be separated from the load sensor 2 and can be freely removed. Take out the loading head 7 from the through hole of the sample chamber 11, unscrew the fastening bolt 23 from the clamping frame 6, take out the displacement sensor 18 from the displacement sensor clamping hole 30 in sequence, and take out the loading head 7 from the loading head clamping hole 24.

[0107] Step 13: Move the integrated sample chamber 11 and fixed base 14 from the hydraulic loading device 17 to the experimental platform, and use an Allen wrench to remove the bolts 32 one by one, so that the sample chamber 11 and fixed base 14 are separated.

[0108] Step Fourteen: Place the stripping module 38 on the platform of the hydraulic loading device 17, with its center located at the loading limit protrusion 39. Then place the sample cavity 11 in the stripping module groove 36 and adjust the sample to make it coincide with the central axis of the stripping module 38.

[0109] Step 15: Place the loading head 17 into the through hole of the sample chamber 11, connect the universal loading lower head 4 to the loading head 7 through the universal loading lower head limiting hole (universal loading head limiting hole 41), and then connect the universal loading upper head 3 to the top of the universal loading lower head 4 through the arc surface.

[0110] Step 16: Repeat Step 10, set the loading mode through the data acquisition and control system 1, and start loading the cement stone. During the loading process, collect the displacement of the hydraulic loading device 17 and the loading load data of the sample 12 in real time.

[0111] Step 17: Loading continues until the sample 12 is completely detached from the sample cavity 11 and falls into the sample hole 37 of the detachment module. Loading is stopped, and the experiment ends. The hydraulic loading device 17 is lowered to a certain height by the data acquisition and control system 1, so that the universal loading head 3 is detached from the load sensor 2 and can be freely removed. The loading head 7 is then removed from the through hole of the sample cavity 11.

[0112] Step 18: Collect the collected data, mark and save the loaded sample 12 for future related experiments.

[0113] Example 2

[0114] The method for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone provided in Example 2 is the same as that in Example 1, except that the cement slurry formula is as follows: Jiahua G-grade cement + 20% quartz sand + 20% DRB-1S + 1% WG + 10% DRE-3S + 10% DRE-1S + 10% DRT-2S + 3.5% mineral fiber + 1.5% DRS-1S + 0.5% DRA-2S + 0.5% DRK-3S + 1.0% SW-91 + 0.5% DRS-2S + 27% high-strength glass microspheres + 3.5% DRF-1S + 1.0% DRH-22L + 90% water, with a cement slurry density of 1.50 g / cm³. 3 .

[0115] Example 3

[0116] The method for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone provided in Example 3 is the same as that in Example 1, except that the cement slurry formula is as follows: Jiahua G-grade cement + 20% quartz sand + 20% DRB-1S + 1% WG + 10% DRE-3S + 10% DRE-1S + 10% DRT-2S + 3.5% mineral fiber + 1.5% DRS-1S + 0.5% DRA-2S + 0.5% DRK-3S + 1.0% SW-91 + 0.5% DRS-2S + 3.5% DRF-1S + 1.0% DRH-22L + 64% water, and the cement slurry density is 1.90 g / cm³. 3 Experimental results.

[0117] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cement stone deformability measuring tool characterized by, include: The system comprises a data acquisition and control system (1), a load sensor (2), a clamping frame (6), a loading head (7), a heater (10), a sample chamber (11), a sample (12), a fixed base (14), a hydraulic loading device (17), a data transmission line (18), and a displacement sensor (19). The fixed base (14) is mounted on the hydraulic loading device (17), the sample chamber (11) is mounted on the fixed base (14), the sample (12) is mounted in the sample chamber (11), and the bottom of the loading head (7) is slidably mounted in the sample chamber (11), with the bottom of the loading head (7) abutting against the sample (12). The load sensor (2) is connected to the top of the loading head (7), the clamping frame (6) is installed on the loading head (7), the displacement sensor (19) is installed on the clamping frame (6), the sample cavity (11) is provided with a clamping platform (35), the bottom of the displacement sensor (19) abuts against the clamping platform (35), the heater (10) is sleeved on the outside of the sample cavity (11), and the load sensor (2), the heater (10), the hydraulic loading device (17) and the displacement sensor (19) are all connected to the data acquisition and control system (1) through the data transmission line (18).

2. A tool for measuring the deformability of a cement stone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample cavity (11) has a through hole in the middle, and the sample (12) is installed in the through hole of the sample cavity (11). The diameter of the through hole of the sample cavity (11) is 0.2 to 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the sample (12). The depth of the through hole of the sample cavity (11) is 4 / 3 to 3 / 2 of the length of the sample (12). The diameter of the loading head (7) is the same as the diameter of the sample (12).

3. A tool for measuring the deformability of a cement stone according to claim 1, wherein The top of the sample chamber (11) is provided with a pair of lifting ring holes (21), which are threaded holes, and lifting rings (20) are installed in the lifting ring holes (21) by threads; the heater (10) is covered with a heat insulation sleeve (13), and the heater (10) is connected to a heater control system (22). The heater (10) is connected to the data acquisition and control system (1) through the heater control system (22).

4. The tool for measuring the deformation capacity of a cement stone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed base (14) has a plurality of bolt holes (15) for connecting to the sample chamber (11), and the fixed base (14) has a drain hole (31) along the diameter direction, and the drain hole (31) is connected to the edge of the sample chamber (11).

5. The tool for measuring the deformability of a cement stone according to claim 1, wherein The loading head (7) is cylindrical. A universal loading upper head (3) and a universal loading lower head (4) are installed between the load sensor (2) and the loading head (7). The top of the loading head (7) is provided with a loading head limiting protrusion (40). The universal loading lower head (4) is provided with a universal loading head limiting hole (41) that matches the loading head limiting protrusion (40). The loading head limiting protrusion (40) is installed on the universal loading head. In the head limiting hole (41), the universal loading upper pressure head (3) is connected to the universal loading lower pressure head (4) through the arc surface, and the load sensor (2) is connected to the universal loading upper pressure head (3); the hydraulic loading device (17) is provided with a loading limiting protrusion (39) in the middle, and the fixed base (14) is provided with a limiting hole (16) that is adapted to the loading limiting protrusion (39), and the loading limiting protrusion (39) is installed in the limiting hole (16).

6. The tool for measuring the deformability of a cement stone according to claim 1, wherein The clamping frame (6) includes: a pair of fastening bolts (23), a loading head clamping hole (24), a pair of fastening threaded holes (25), a pair of fastening smooth holes (26), a pair of bolt washers (27), a pair of bolt fastening caps (28), a clamping frame body (29), and a displacement sensor clamping hole (30). The loading head clamping hole (24), the pair of fastening threaded holes (25), the pair of fastening smooth holes (26), and the displacement sensor clamping hole (30) are all provided on the clamping frame body (29). The pair of fastening threaded holes (25) are located one-to-one with the left side of the displacement sensor clamping hole (30) and the right side of the loading head clamping hole (24), and the pair of fastening smooth holes (26) are located one-to-one with the displacement sensor. On the left side of the clamping hole (30) and the right side of the loading head clamping hole (24), a pair of fastening bolts (23) pass through the fastening threaded hole (25) and the fastening smooth hole (26) on the left side and the fastening threaded hole (25) and the fastening smooth hole (26) on the right side respectively; a pair of bolt washers (27) are sleeved on the pair of fastening bolts (23) respectively, and a pair of bolt fastening caps (28) are installed on the pair of fastening bolts (23) respectively; the diameter of the loading head clamping hole (24) is 0.2 to 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the loading head (7), and the diameter of the displacement sensor clamping hole (30) is 0.2 to 0.3 mm larger than the diameter of the clamping part of the displacement sensor (19).

7. The tool for measuring the deformability of a cement stone according to claim 1, wherein The sample chamber (11) has a clamp (8) on its outer top. The clamp (8) has multiple clamp screws (9) on its outer periphery. The multiple clamp screws (9) abut against the sample chamber (11). The clamp screw (9) includes a clamp screw cap (33) and a clamp screw rod (34). The clamp screw cap (33) is installed on the clamp screw rod (34). The clamp screw rod (34) is installed on the clamp (8) by threads. The clamp screw rod (34) abuts against the sample chamber (11). The clamp (8) has a clamp platform (35).

8. The tool for measuring the deformability of a cement stone according to claim 1, wherein The hydraulic loading device (17) is detachably equipped with a release module (38), which has a release module groove (36). The inner diameter of the release module groove (36) is 0.5 to 1 mm larger than the outer diameter of the sample cavity (11). The release module (38) has a release module sample hole (37) in the middle, which is 0.5 to 1 mm larger than the diameter of the sample (12).

9. A method for measuring the deformation capacity of cement stone, characterized in that, Based on any one of claims 1 to 8, a cement stone deformation capacity measuring tool and a cement stone deformation capacity measuring method include: S1. Connect the sample chamber to the fixed base and apply sealant to the inner wall of the sample chamber; S2. Pour the prepared cement slurry into the sample chamber; S3. Transfer the sample chamber and the fixed base to the curing vessel for curing for the set time; S4. Install the sample chamber and the fixed base onto the hydraulic loading device; S5. Place the loading head into the sample chamber, connect the load sensor to the top of the loading head, and install the clamping frame on the loading head; S6. Install the displacement sensor on the clamping frame, abut the bottom of the displacement sensor against the clamping platform, and connect the displacement sensor and load sensor to the data acquisition and control system through the data transmission line. S7. Start the heater to heat the sample chamber until it reaches the set temperature; S8. Begin loading the cement stone, and collect displacement and load data in real time during the loading process; S9. After loading to the set load value, stop the experiment.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of measuring the deformation of the cement stone is performed by a method comprising: Step S9 and following it include: S10. Turn off the heater and remove the load sensor, loading head, and displacement sensor; S11. Separate the sample chamber from the fixed base; S12. Install the stripping module on the hydraulic loading device and place the sample chamber in the stripping module groove; S13. Place the loading head into the sample chamber, connect the load sensor to the top of the loading head, and install the clamping frame on the loading head; S14. Install the displacement sensor on the clamping frame, abut the bottom of the displacement sensor against the clamping platform, and connect the displacement sensor and load sensor to the data acquisition and control system through the data transmission line. S15. Begin loading the cement stone, and collect displacement and load data in real time during the loading process; S16. Load until the sample completely detaches from the sample cavity and falls into the sample hole of the demolding module, then stop loading and end the experiment.

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