TENG power management circuit, energy collection device and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a TENG power supply management circuit, and the circuit comprises a TENG module which is used for converting mechanical energy into electric energy; the input end of the Bennet voltage doubling circuit module is electrically connected with the output end of the TENG module, and the Bennet voltage doubling circuit module is used for accumulating charges generated by the TENG module and boosting voltage; the input end of the GDT module is electrically connected with the output end of the Bennet voltage doubling circuit module, and the output end of the GDT module is used for being connected with a load; and the GDT module is configured to be converted from a high impedance state to a low impedance state when voltages at two ends of the GDT module reach breakdown voltages, so that energy stored in the TENG module and the Bennet voltage doubling circuit module is released to a load in a pulse form. The TENG power supply management circuit realizes reliable collection and utilization of tiny electric energy in the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy harvesting, and more specifically, to a TENG power management circuit, an energy harvesting device, and a method of using it. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the continued extraction of fossil fuels not only exacerbates environmental pollution, but also makes their depletion increasingly apparent. Meanwhile, the stability of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power is easily constrained by environmental conditions. Furthermore, the vast amounts of energy present in the environment, despite their abundant reserves, have long been overlooked due to limitations in traditional technologies, making effective collection difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a TENG power management circuit, an energy harvesting device, and a method of use, wherein the TENG power management circuit enables reliable harvesting and utilization of minute amounts of energy in the environment.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a TENG power management circuit, comprising: The TENG module is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy; The Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the TENG module, and is used to accumulate the charge generated by the TENG module and boost the voltage. The input terminal of the GDT module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the Bennet voltage multiplier module, and the output terminal is used to connect to the load. The GDT module is configured to change from a high impedance state to a low impedance state when the voltage across its terminals reaches the breakdown voltage, thereby releasing the energy stored in the TENG module and the Bennet voltage multiplier module to the load in the form of pulses.

[0005] Preferably, a rectifier module is provided between the TENG module and the Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module to convert the AC power output by the TENG module into DC power.

[0006] Preferably, the Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module includes at least two capacitors and at least two diodes, and the capacitors are charged in series and discharged in parallel through the synergistic effect of the capacitors and diodes.

[0007] Preferably, the breakdown voltage threshold of the GDT module is set to be adjustable to adapt to different energy release requirements.

[0008] Preferably, the capacitance value in the Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module is set to be adjustable, and the capacitance value is changed to adjust the energy accumulation rate and the intensity of the release pulse.

[0009] Preferably, the TENG power management circuit automatically achieves the matching between the high impedance of the TENG module and the low impedance of the load through the switching action of the GDT module.

[0010] The present invention also provides an energy harvesting device that uses the TENG power management circuit to harvest energy.

[0011] This invention also provides a method of using the TENG power management circuit, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The TENG module converts mechanical energy into electrical energy; Step 2: The Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module accumulates the charge output by the TENG module, thereby increasing the circuit voltage; Step 3: When the circuit voltage rises to the breakdown voltage of the GDT module, the GDT is triggered to conduct, releasing the energy accumulated in the Bennet voltage multiplier module to the load in the form of a high-power pulse.

[0012] Preferably, the average output power of the TENG power management circuit is controlled by adjusting the breakdown voltage threshold of the GDT module.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, this invention utilizes a TENG module to convert dispersed mechanical energy in the environment, such as wind energy and vibration energy, into electrical energy. A Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module slowly but effectively accumulates and "expands" the charge in the TENG module. This Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module uses a series charging and parallel discharging mechanism of capacitors to regulate the output current, preparing for subsequent large-current pulse release. The GDT, as a voltage-controlled automatic switch, exhibits extremely high impedance, almost like an open circuit, when the circuit voltage is lower than its breakdown voltage. This allows electrical energy to be stored in the Bennet circuit and the TENG itself, thus enabling the voltage to continuously rise and achieving matching with the high internal resistance of the TENG.

[0014] When the accumulated voltage reaches the GDT's breakdown threshold, the gas inside the GDT is ionized, and the impedance instantly becomes extremely low, forming a conductive path. At this moment, all the previously accumulated energy is released to the load in the form of a momentary high-power pulse. In this way, the TENG power management circuit can collect and accumulate minute amounts of energy and release this accumulated electrical energy to the load at the appropriate time, thereby achieving reliable collection and utilization of minute electrical energy in the environment.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a TENG power management circuit; Figure 2 This describes the working process of a TENG power management circuit. Figure 3 It is a circuit for detecting peak power based on the TENG power management circuit; Figure 4 It is a circuit for detecting average power based on TENG power management circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] See Figure 1 The aforementioned TENG power management circuit includes: The TENG module is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy; The Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the TENG module, and is used to accumulate the charge generated by the TENG module and boost the voltage. The GDT (Gas Discharge Tube) module has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the Bennet voltage multiplier module, and its output terminal is used to connect to the load. The GDT module is configured to switch from a high impedance state to a low impedance state when the voltage across its terminals reaches the breakdown voltage, thereby releasing the energy stored in the TENG module and the Bennet voltage multiplier module to the load in the form of pulses.

[0019] By implementing the above technical solution, the TENG (triboelectric nanogenerator) module converts dispersed mechanical energy in the environment, such as wind energy and vibration energy, into electrical energy. A Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module slowly but effectively accumulates and "expands" the charge in the TENG module. This Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module uses a series charging and parallel discharging mechanism of capacitors to regulate the output current, preparing for subsequent high-current pulse release. The GDT, as a voltage-controlled automatic switch, exhibits extremely high impedance, almost like an open circuit, when the circuit voltage is lower than its breakdown voltage. This allows electrical energy to be stored in the Bennet circuit and the TENG itself, thus enabling the voltage to continuously rise and achieving matching with the high internal resistance of the TENG.

[0020] When the accumulated voltage reaches the GDT's breakdown threshold, the gas inside the GDT is ionized, and the impedance instantly becomes extremely low, forming a conductive path. At this moment, all the previously accumulated energy is released to the load in the form of a momentary high-power pulse. In this way, the TENG power management circuit can collect and accumulate minute amounts of energy and release this accumulated electrical energy to the load at the appropriate time, thereby achieving reliable collection and utilization of minute electrical energy in the environment.

[0021] In this embodiment, preferably, a rectifier module is also provided between the TENG module and the Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module to convert the AC power output by the TENG module into DC power.

[0022] TENG modules are used to capture various forms of energy in the environment, such as wind energy, water wave energy, and vibration energy, and convert the mechanical energy in the environment into electrical energy through various types of TENGs.

[0023] Figure 2 This describes the working process of the TENG power management circuit. The TENG converts mechanical energy from the environment into electrical energy, generating alternating current. During the first or second half of the cycle, the current is rectified by the rectifier bridge and flows to the Bennet circuit to charge the capacitors in the Bennet circuit. As the TENG continues to generate electricity, the voltage in the Bennet circuit continuously rises. However, until this voltage reaches the breakdown voltage of the GDT, the GDT remains in an "open circuit" state, thus accumulating the energy collected by the TENG.

[0024] Charge accumulates continuously in the Bennet circuit, and the voltage continues to rise. When the voltage exceeds the GDT breakdown voltage, the gas inside the GDT is ionized, forming a plasma conductive channel. At this point, the energy in the TENG and Bennet circuit is effectively released to the load.

[0025] Therefore, by setting up a rectifier module, the TENG can charge the Bennet circuit throughout the entire AC cycle, theoretically doubling the energy harvesting efficiency. When the GDT breaks down and conducts, it provides a low-impedance release loop directly to the load for the charge stored in the Bennet circuit.

[0026] In this embodiment, preferably, the Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module includes at least two capacitors and at least two diodes, and the series charging and parallel discharging of the capacitors are realized through the synergistic effect of the capacitors and diodes.

[0027] The main function of the Bennet circuit module is to pre-store the output energy of the TENG, essentially expanding the TENG's capacity. For example... Figure 1As shown, the diodes and capacitors work together to achieve series charging and parallel discharging of the capacitors, thereby controlling the output current.

[0028] In this embodiment, preferably, the breakdown voltage threshold of the GDT module is set to be adjustable to adapt to different energy release requirements.

[0029] In this embodiment, preferably, the capacitance value of the capacitor in the Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module is set to be adjustable, and the capacitance value is changed to adjust the energy accumulation rate and the intensity of the release pulse.

[0030] According to the formula E = 1 / 2 * C * V², E is the total energy stored in the capacitor, C is the capacitance, and V is the voltage across the capacitor, which is the breakdown voltage of the GDT (Gas-Delivered Target Threat), a fixed value. Since the breakdown voltage of the GDT is fixed, the stored energy E is only proportional to the capacitance C. That is, when the capacitance C increases, the stored energy E will be greater to achieve the same breakdown voltage; conversely, when the capacitance C decreases, the stored energy E will be smaller.

[0031] When the GDT breaks down, the stored energy E is released to the load within a very short time Δt. According to the power formula Ppulse ≈ E / Δt, the greater the released energy E, the stronger the instantaneous pulse power Ppulse will be.

[0032] According to I = C * dV / dt, I is the charging current provided by the TENG and Bennet circuits, which is approximately constant, while C is the total equivalent capacitance of the circuit, and dV / dt is the rate of change of voltage over time, i.e., the charging speed. Therefore, the charging speed dV / dt = I / C. It can be seen that when the capacitance C increases: with a constant charging current I, the voltage rise rate dV / dt will slow down. This means it takes longer to accumulate voltage to the GDT breakdown voltage. When the capacitance C decreases: the voltage rise rate dV / dt will increase; therefore, with a smaller capacitance C, the breakdown voltage can be reached more quickly.

[0033] In one implementation, multiple fixed capacitors of different capacitance values ​​are connected in parallel, and analog switches or relays are used to control which capacitors are connected to the circuit. Stepped capacitance changes can be achieved by controlling the opening and closing of these switches using a microcontroller or simple logic circuitry.

[0034] In this embodiment, preferably, the TENG power management circuit automatically matches the high impedance of the TENG module with the low impedance of the load through the switching action of the GDT module.

[0035] Figure 4This is a circuit for detecting average power based on a TENG power management circuit. Due to the high voltage, high impedance, and low current characteristics of the TENG, its output power cannot be directly used by most electronic devices. Furthermore, its high impedance causes a severe impedance mismatch with the load, resulting in low average output power. Choosing a Bennett circuit can expand the TENG's capacity, while the GDT, which is essentially an open circuit before conduction and has a high impedance, can provide impedance matching.

[0036] When the voltage in the Bennet circuit exceeds the GDT breakdown voltage, the gas inside the GDT is ionized, forming a low-impedance plasma ionization channel, which facilitates energy release. In this TENG power management circuit, the TENG's capacity is expanded and its impedance is matched, thus significantly improving the average power output of the TENG.

[0037] The present invention also provides an energy harvesting device that uses a TENG power management circuit to harvest energy.

[0038] This invention also provides a method of using the TENG power management circuit, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The TENG module converts mechanical energy into electrical energy; Step 2: The Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module accumulates the charge output by the TENG module, thereby increasing the circuit voltage. Step 3: When the circuit voltage rises to the breakdown voltage of the GDT module, the GDT is triggered to conduct, releasing the energy accumulated in the Bennet voltage multiplier module and the Bennet voltage multiplier module to the load in the form of high-power pulses.

[0039] In this embodiment, preferably, the average output power of the TENG power management circuit is controlled by adjusting the breakdown voltage threshold of the GDT module.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a circuit for detecting peak power based on a TENG power management circuit. Theoretically, the electrical energy output by the TENG should remain constant without external intervention, provided the mechanical energy captured by the TENG remains constant. In certain operating environments, a large peak power is required to trigger the control system. This can be achieved by changing the capacitance in the Bennet circuit of the TENG power management circuit and the breakdown voltage threshold of the GDT. When the capacitance in the Bennet circuit is larger and the breakdown voltage of the GDT is higher, more energy is stored in the capacitors of the TENG and Bennet circuit before the GDT breaks down. When the GDT breaks down, the output peak power is relatively large, effectively acting as a trigger signal for the control system.

[0041] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0043] Furthermore, various different embodiments of the present invention can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A TENG power management circuit, characterized in that, include: The TENG module is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy; The Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module has its input terminal electrically connected to the output terminal of the TENG module, and is used to accumulate the charge generated by the TENG module and boost the voltage. The input terminal of the GDT module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the Bennet voltage multiplier module, and the output terminal is used to connect to the load. The GDT module is configured to change from a high impedance state to a low impedance state when the voltage across its terminals reaches the breakdown voltage, thereby releasing the energy stored in the TENG module and the Bennet voltage multiplier module to the load in the form of pulses.

2. The TENG power management circuit of claim 1, wherein, A rectifier module is also provided between the TENG module and the Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module to convert the AC power output by the TENG module into DC power.

3. The TENG power management circuit of claim 2, wherein, The Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module includes at least two capacitors and at least two diodes. Through the synergistic effect of the capacitors and diodes, the capacitors can be charged in series and discharged in parallel.

4. The TENG power management circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The breakdown voltage threshold of the GDT module is set to be adjustable to adapt to different energy release requirements.

5. The TENG power management circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capacitance value in the Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module is set to be adjustable, and the rate of energy accumulation and the intensity of the release pulse can be adjusted by changing the capacitance value.

6. The TENG power management circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The TENG power management circuit automatically matches the high impedance of the TENG module with the low impedance of the load through the switching action of the GDT module.

7. An energy harvesting device, characterized in that, The energy harvesting device uses the TENG power management circuit described in any one of claims 1-6 to harvest energy.

8. A method of using the TENG power management circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The TENG module converts mechanical energy into electrical energy; Step 2: The Bennet voltage multiplier circuit module accumulates the charge output by the TENG module, thereby increasing the circuit voltage; Step 3: When the circuit voltage rises to the breakdown voltage of the GDT module, the GDT is triggered to conduct, releasing the energy accumulated in the Bennet voltage multiplier module to the load in the form of a high-power pulse.

9. The method of use according to claim 8, characterized in that, The average output power of the TENG power management circuit is controlled by adjusting the breakdown voltage threshold of the GDT module.

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