Shock absorber and overhead contact line arrangement having shock absorber

Abstract

The invention relates to a vibration damper (10), (50) for connecting to an overhead contact line system, and to an overhead contact line system having at least one vibration damper (10), (50). In this case, the damper (10), (50) is at least indirectly connected to at least one contact line (2) and / or at least one load-bearing cable (3), the damper (10), (50) having a guide device (12), at least two parts (14), (16), namely a first part (14) and a second part (16), which can be moved along the guide device (12) in the opposite directions, and at least one damping part (18).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a vibration damper and an overhead contact line device having at least one vibration damper.

[0002] Overhead contact lines, especially the contact conductors of overhead contact line equipment used to supply power to at least partially electrically driven rail-mounted or rail-less vehicles, are excited to vibrate when the pantograph passes by. These vibrations produce a reaction effect on the interaction between the contact conductor and the pantograph. Particularly for rail vehicles with multiple pantographs, or for corresponding rail-less vehicles on overhead contact lines used to power road vehicles—especially in overhead contact line systems for electrified highways (eHighways) such as those used for electric trucks or electric buses—the contact characteristics between the pantograph and the contact conductor can sometimes deteriorate significantly when multiple pantographs appear at short intervals or in rapid succession. Vibration leads to a significant increase in contact force fluctuations, negatively impacting operation and the service life of individual components.

[0003] To mitigate these negative impacts, vibration dampers, also known as shock absorbers or buffers, are typically used. Here, the appropriate natural frequency of the shock absorber is usually tuned to the resonant frequency of the object whose vibration is to be eliminated, since the object undergoes only minimal movement at that frequency. Such shock absorbers are commonly used in overhead contact line chain suspension systems, thereby improving the characteristics of the associated overhead contact line system or contact wire system, ensuring the required contact quality is met even at relatively high speeds and with multiple pantographs.

[0004] As known from DE 20 2006 020 448 U1, vibration dampers are used to reduce the vibration of the contact wire. Here, vibration dampers can only be used in the area of ​​the contact wire not traversed by the pantograph, i.e., the area of ​​the contact wire's anchoring device.

[0005] EP 2 974 904 A1 describes how the use of damping elements in overhead contact line chain suspension can improve the contact quality with the contact conductor of an overhead contact line system, even at higher travel speeds and with multiple pantographs.

[0006] Despite existing solutions, particularly commonly used vibration dampers, further reductions in vibration are still needed in relevant sections, especially in multi-pantograph operations, due to their significant impact on the operation of the corresponding equipment. This is typically achieved by installing more complex and therefore much more expensive overhead contact line or contact conductor systems, such as those capable of withstanding higher tensions and / or having smaller longitudinal spans. Furthermore, in relevant sections, permissible (maximum) speeds are additionally limited where necessary, which correspondingly extends travel time.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an improved vibration damper, which can further reduce the vibration generated by overhead contact line equipment.

[0008] The technical problem described herein is solved by the features of independent claim 1. Improvements and design schemes of the invention are given by the features of the dependent claims.

[0009] To this end, a vibration damper for connection with an overhead contact line device is provided, the vibration damper being connected at least indirectly to at least one contact wire and / or at least one load-bearing cable of the overhead contact line device, wherein the vibration damper has a guiding device, at least two components that can move toward each other along the guiding device, namely a first component and a second component, and at least one damping component.

[0010] The vibration damper according to the invention has the advantage that vibrations of overhead contact line equipment, such as vibrations of contact wires, load-bearing cables, etc., connected to the damper, can be absorbed, reduced, or completely eliminated by means of the corresponding movement of components that can move toward each other, supported by at least one damping component included in the damper according to the invention. This damping component can be arranged either inside or outside one of at least two components that can move toward each other, depending on the requirements. The damper according to the invention may also include more than one damping component. Here, the damping component in the sense of the invention is particularly a component such as a spring, by means of which the vibrational energy of the corresponding overhead contact line or contact wire equipment vibration can be transmitted to the damper according to the invention at the frequency to be affected and / or directly or indirectly reduce its vibration amplitude.

[0011] By using the vibration damper according to the invention, it is particularly possible to influence frequencies within the basic vibration range of the relevant contact wire system, which have a particularly significant effect on the generation of vibration or the corresponding effects therefrom, as can be demonstrated in particular by dynamic simulation studies, and thereby the generation of corresponding vibration can be effectively avoided or the vibration already generated can be significantly reduced.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the guiding device is hinged to the overhead contact line equipment via at least one joint. Through this hinged connection between the guiding device and the contact wire or load-bearing cable of the overhead contact line equipment, the vibration damper is particularly capable of automatically adjusting to adapt to the corresponding position when the contact wire and load-bearing cable are independently or differently offset, and its mode of operation is unrestricted. All possibilities required according to desired or local conditions or requirements are covered herein, and the vibration damper can be designed and applied accordingly based on these possibilities.

[0013] - Only one hinged connection is provided, through which the shock absorber is connected to the contact wire of the overhead contact line equipment or to the load-bearing cable via the joint;

[0014] - Two hinged connections, through which the shock absorber is connected to the contact wire and load-bearing cable of the overhead contact line equipment by means of joints.

[0015] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the guiding device is connected at least at one end to the contact wire or the load-bearing cable. By directly or fixedly connecting the guiding device to the contact wire or load-bearing cable of the overhead contact line equipment, a stable and reliable connection between the vibration damper and the overhead contact line equipment is ensured. Furthermore, this connection allows the vibration damper to be easily integrated or installed at a predetermined position in the chain suspension of the overhead contact line equipment. Depending on expectations, local conditions, or requirements, a solution is also included where the guiding device is directly connected at both ends to both the contact wire and the load-bearing cable.

[0016] The invention also includes embodiments in which the guiding device itself, and therefore the damper, does not have a connection to the load-bearing cable and / or contact wire. Instead, the guiding device is guided by at least one separate guide element, such as an eyelet, which may be arranged on the load-bearing cable or contact wire, and which does not transmit force in the direction of vibration. Precise matching between the guiding device and the separate guide element is not required here. It is also possible, as included in the invention, to have two such separate guide elements, such as an eyelet, with the first separate guide element located on the load-bearing cable and the second separate guide element located on the contact wire. The invention also includes all other possible and meaningful embodiments of separate guide elements in different combinations.

[0017] According to another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the shock absorber has at least one stop that restricts the movement of at least two movable components along the guide device. In this way, the range of motion of the two movable components is limited to a desired degree, thereby preventing uncontrollable offset during opposing movement, and thus preventing damage or destruction of the shock absorber. The two movable components are preferably designed such that the stop is located at the intersection of the two movable components when they are offset to their maximum extent, i.e., when the second component is offset upwards towards the load-bearing cable and the first component is offset downwards towards the contact wire. For this purpose, for example, the upper end of the first component and the lower end of the second component each have correspondingly varying outer or inner diameters of the housing, which is, for example, the housing of the two components designed as a sleeve. Therefore, the corresponding total length of the two movable components can be used for the corresponding maximum possible offset of the shock absorber.

[0018] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the guiding device is designed as a guide rod. Particularly preferably, the guide rod is designed as a hollow profile. Designing the guiding device as a guide rod, such as a cylindrical rod, allows for particularly simple and inexpensive manufacturing as a hollow profile, such as a tube. For exceptional stability, the guide rod can also be designed as a solid profile, depending on available conditions or requirements.

[0019] According to another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and second components of at least two mutually movable parts are mutually sleeved, wherein at least one of the at least two mutually movable parts is directly connected to the guiding device. Preferably, the at least two mutually movable parts are each designed as hollow profiles, for example, as sleeves that can mutually sleeve.

[0020] Here, one end of the guiding device is directly connected to one of the two components that can move toward each other, thereby forming a guiding section by which the two components can be movably pushed into or pulled out of each other. Alternatively, the invention also includes embodiments in which at least one of the two components that can move toward each other, such as sleeves, is at least indirectly connected to a contact wire and / or a load-bearing cable, for example, by means of a connecting element laterally arranged on the sleeve housing. In these embodiments, the end of the guiding device is not directly connected to at least two components that can move toward each other, i.e., one of the sleeves. All reasonable connection methods, such as threaded connections, adhesive or welded connections, are feasible for this purpose. In this way, the relative or opposing movement of the first and second components of the shock absorber is ensured in a simple and safe manner, because the first and second components of the shock absorber are prevented from jamming each other, especially by means of the guiding device.

[0021] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the first component has a base plate and the second component has a cover, wherein the base plate and / or the cover has at least one opening for air inlet or air outlet.

[0022] The corresponding connection with the contact wire can be achieved particularly easily using the base plate of the first component. Furthermore, the appropriate number of openings, such as one or more, in the cover or bottom for air entry and / or exit, can particularly contribute to the cushioning of corresponding vibrations through the counter-movement of the two components. Here, the degree of cushioning itself can be adapted or set as required by adjusting the number, size, shape, etc., of the openings. Additionally, as required, corresponding air entry and / or exit openings can also be optionally or additionally provided on the sides of the first and / or second components.

[0023] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one damping component is connected at least at its end to one of the components that can move toward each other.

[0024] According to another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one damping component is designed as a spring.

[0025] Particularly preferably, the spring is a helical spring.

[0026] Preferably, the spring has a preload in the stationary state. With the aid of this damping component, the vibrational energy generated by the corresponding overhead contact line or contact wire equipment can be transmitted particularly effectively to the vibration damper of the present invention at the frequency to be affected and / or its vibration amplitude can be reduced directly or indirectly. Springs, especially helical springs, are particularly suitable here as inexpensive components that are easy to adjust according to the corresponding requirements and are readily available. Springs, especially helical springs, arranged in this way inside and / or outside two components designed as sleeves that can move toward each other, are thus guided in or on the two sleeves. Here, the damping component, such as the spring, can be connected only to one of the components that can move toward each other, or to both components. Alternatively, the spring may not be connected to either of the two components that can move toward each other, and thus is accordingly arranged loosely around the guide rod inside the two components without direct connection. The preload ensures a corresponding automatic restoring force, which further enhances the corresponding characteristics of the damping component, such as the spring.

[0027] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the second of the at least two components that can move toward each other is designed to be able to swing freely along the guide device.

[0028] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the second component is at least partially weight-increased and / or designed with at least one discrete material disposed on the second component.

[0029] Preferably, the at least one discrete material is designed as a disc, ring, or sleeve.

[0030] This arrangement, which allows the second component, for example designed as a sleeve, to swing freely, further improves the aforementioned characteristics of the damper. These characteristics of the damper according to the invention can be adapted or parameterized according to expectations or requirements, particularly due to local conditions, by changing, in particular, increasing the mass of the freely swinging second sleeve. Here, the second component or second sleeve can be designed with an overall increased weight, for example, having thicker walls, or partially, for example, with an increased weight only at the cover. In particular, for example, the second sleeve can also be designed with an increased weight only at the end of the stop portion, for example, designed as a disc, ring, or sleeve. Alternatively or additionally, especially at the end of the second sleeve, the mass of the damper can be increased by, for example, reversible, removable, or replaceable discrete additional material to further parameterize the damper mass. For example, this discrete additional material can be arranged as a disc, ring, or sleeve at the end of the second sleeve, for example, arranged on the second sleeve itself.

[0031] For sufficient effectiveness, the total mass required for the damper is in the order of several kilograms, depending on the size of the vibration system under consideration.

[0032] According to another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the second component internally has a stabilizing sleeve and / or additional guide members along the guide device. This ensures further stability for the counter-movement of the two components or sleeves.

[0033] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the damper has at least three components movable toward each other along the guide device, wherein the third component is arranged between the first and second components. An increase in the maximum vibration amplitude relative to the length of the damper structure can be achieved as required by additional components, advantageously also designed as hollow profiles or sleeves. The additional components or sleeves also simultaneously improve the stability of damping components, such as coil springs, especially when the damper structure is long.

[0034] Particularly preferably, the overhead contact line equipment is equipped with at least one vibration damper according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

[0035] Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 A cross-section of a first embodiment of the vibration damper according to the invention in a rest position is shown.

[0037] Figure 2 The cross-section of a first embodiment of the vibration damper according to the invention at maximum offset is shown.

[0038] Figure 3A cross-section of a second embodiment of a vibration damper according to the invention, having a telescopic extension, in a rest position is shown, and...

[0039] Figure 4 The cross-section of a second embodiment of the vibration damper with a telescopic extension according to the invention at maximum offset is shown.

[0040] exist Figures 1 to 4 In this context, even if the corresponding components may be designed differently, the same components are still represented by the same reference numerals. Figure 1 and 2 The first embodiment 10 of the vibration damper according to the present invention is described in the figure. Figure 3 and 4 The second embodiment 50 of the vibration damper according to the present invention is described in the text.

[0041] Figure 1 A cross-section of a first embodiment 10 of the vibration damper according to the invention in a rest position is shown. The vibration damper consists of a first component 14 and a second component 16, wherein the first component 14 of the vibration damper 10 is inserted into the second component 16 of the vibration damper 10. The two components 14, 16, which are movable toward each other, are advantageously designed as hollow profiles, designed as sleeves that can push against each other, and are movably arranged along the guide device 12, and can be pushed in and pulled out relative to each other.

[0042] In the present invention Figure 1In the illustrated embodiment, the guiding device 12 is designed as a guide rod, specifically a cylindrical rod, and is designed as a solid profile to ensure particular stability. The guide rod 12 is connected at least indirectly to the load-bearing cable 3 of the overhead contact line equipment via a joint 26 at one end, and at least indirectly to the contact wire 2 of the overhead contact line equipment via a joint 24 at the other end. Through the hinged connection of the guide rod 12 to the contact wire 2 and the load-bearing cable 3 of the overhead contact line equipment, the vibration damper 10 can automatically adapt to the corresponding position when the contact wire 2 and the load-bearing cable 3 shift independently or differently, and its mode of operation is unrestricted. Depending on expectations, local conditions, or requirements, the guide rod 12, and therefore the damper 10 (not shown here), can be connected to the contact wire 2 of the overhead contact line equipment or to the load-bearing cable 3 via a single hinged connection. The other end of the guide rod 12 is then directly and seamlessly connected to the contact wire 2 or the load-bearing cable 3 of the overhead contact line equipment, or can be completely seamlessly connected to both the contact wire 2 and the load-bearing cable 3, thereby ensuring a stable and secure connection between the damper 10 and the overhead contact line equipment in any case. The corresponding at least indirect connection to the contact wire 2 or the load-bearing cable 3 can be achieved here through conventional clamping connections. Furthermore, the damper 10 can also be very easily integrated or installed into a specified position in the chain suspension of the relevant overhead contact line equipment in this manner.

[0043] The first component or first sleeve 14 is directly connected to the end of the guide rod 12, which is also connected to the contact wire 2 via a joint 24. For this purpose, the first sleeve 14 has a base plate 30 to which the guide rod 12 and joint 24 are respectively connected, and thus the contact wire 3 is correspondingly connected to the base plate at least indirectly. All reasonable connection methods, such as threaded connections, adhesive or welded connections, are feasible for this purpose.

[0044] The second sleeve 16 correspondingly has a cover 32, the guide rod 12 is guided substantially centrally through the corresponding opening of the cover 32, and the sleeve 16 can move or slide accordingly along the guide rod 12.

[0045] The two sleeves 14 and 16, which are movable toward each other, are connected or coupled to each other by means of a damping member 18 located inside the two sleeves 14, 16. This damping member is designed here as a preloaded helical spring. One end of the helical spring 18 is fixed to the cover 32 of the second sleeve 16, and the other end of the helical spring 18 is fixed to the base plate 30 of the first sleeve 14, thus arranging or guiding it inside the sleeves 14, 16 around the guide rod 12. Alternatively, as not shown here, it is also possible, without restriction, for the helical spring 18 to be arranged inside the sleeves 14, 16 only around the guide rod 12 and not connected to the two sleeves 14, 16. In contrast, the second sleeve 16 can swing substantially freely along the guide rod 12, and thus the vibrational energy generated or already generated by the associated overhead contact line equipment, such as the contact wire 2 connected to the damper 10, the load-bearing cable 3, etc., can be transmitted particularly effectively to the damper according to the invention at the frequency to be affected through the corresponding movements of the sleeves 14, 16, which can move toward each other, and / or the vibration amplitude of said vibration can be buffered directly or indirectly, and corresponding vibrations of the contact wire system can be avoided or significantly reduced accordingly. Furthermore, the preload ensures a corresponding automatic restoring force, which further enhances the overall characteristics of the damper 10.

[0046] The parameters of the shock absorber 10, such as spring stiffness, mass, damping, etc., can be adapted according to the location of use and local requirements.

[0047] to this end, Figure 1 The embodiment of the vibration damper 10 according to the invention shown has corresponding other features. As shown, the base plate 30 has openings for air inlet or outlet, which in particular facilitate the damping of corresponding vibrations through the counter-movement of the two sleeves 14, 16. Here, the degree of damping itself can be adapted or set as required by adjusting the number, size, shape, etc. of the openings. In addition, as required, corresponding air inlet and / or outlet openings may also be provided alternatively or additionally in the cover 32 or on the sides of the first sleeve 14 and / or the second sleeve 16.

[0048] Furthermore, the corresponding characteristics of the damper 10 can be further adapted or parameterized by corresponding weight changes or weight distribution. The mass of the freely swinging second sleeve 16 is here adapted or increased accordingly by additional material 19. One of the additional materials 19 is essentially a cover 32 for increasing weight, and the end of the second sleeve 16 is correspondingly increased in weight by another separate additional material 19. The separate additional material 19 is here designed, for example, as a reversible, removable, or replaceable disc. The separate additional material 19 can also be designed, for example, as a ring or sleeve, however, all other reasonable shapes are also possible. In addition, the second sleeve 16 can also be designed with an overall increased weight, for example, with thicker walls, or partially, for example, with an increased weight only at the lower end.

[0049] To further ensure and stabilize the guidance of the opposing or reverse movement of the two sleeves 14, 16 of the damper 10 along the guide rod 12, and especially to prevent the first sleeve 14 and the second sleeve 16 from jamming against each other, the second sleeve 16 has a stabilizing sleeve 20 inside and additionally has other guides 22 along the guide rod 12, such as tubes.

[0050] To prevent damage or destruction of the damper 10, the damper 10 has a stop 28, which restricts the movement of the two sleeves 14, 16 that can move towards each other along the guide rod. In this way, the range of motion of the two sleeves 14, 16 is limited to a desired extent, thereby preventing uncontrollable deviation, especially during reverse movement. As shown, the two sleeves 14, 16 are designed such that the upper end of the first sleeve 14 and the lower end of the second sleeve 16 each have corresponding reinforcements or thickenings, which locally reduce the inner diameter of the second sleeve 16 housing or correspondingly increase the outer diameter of the first sleeve 14 housing, such that... Figure 2 As shown, when the two sleeves 14 and 16 are offset in opposite directions to the maximum extent, that is, when the second sleeve 16 is offset upward toward the load-bearing cable 3 and the first sleeve 14 is offset downward toward the contact wire 2, the stop portion 28 of the first sleeve 14 comes into contact with the corresponding thickened portion at the end of the second sleeve 16, stopping the reverse movement of the two sleeves 14 and 16, and thus correspondingly limiting the range of movement. The cap 32 of the second sleeve 16 for increasing weight reaches the joint 26 here, and the bottom or base plate 30 of the first sleeve 14 continues to abut against the joint 24. Accordingly, as Figure 2 As shown, the respective total lengths of the two sleeves 14 and 16, which can move toward each other, can be used for the maximum possible offset of the damper 10. The helical spring 18 is extended accordingly.

[0051] Figure 3A cross-section of a second embodiment 50 of a vibration damper according to the invention, having a telescopic extension, is shown in a rest position. This vibration damper comprises three sleeves 14, 16, and 34, all three sleeves being mutually nested, wherein the third sleeve 34 is arranged between the first sleeve 14 and the second sleeve 16. (Regarding the...) Figure 1 and 2 The description of the embodiment of the shock absorber 10 can be similarly applied to [the following]: Figure 3 and 4 The telescopic embodiment of the damper 50 is thus applicable here as well. The dimensions of the various components, especially the lengths of the guide rod 12 and the coil spring 18, have been adapted accordingly. Furthermore, the damper 50 has an additional second stop 28 via the third sleeve 34, so that in this embodiment it can also be... Figure 4 The respective total lengths of the three sleeves 14, 16, and 34, which can move toward each other, are used to maximize the possible offset of the damper 50, while also preventing damage or destruction of the damper 50. Embodiments with additional sleeves, i.e., four or more components or sleeves, are also feasible.

[0052] According to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment of the shock absorber 50 having a helical spring 18 and three sleeves 14, 16 and 34, compared with according to Figure 1 and 2 Compared to the embodiment of the vibration damper 10 with a helical spring 18 and two sleeves 14 and 16, a significantly larger ratio of vibration amplitude to structural length can be achieved. Therefore, compared to the embodiment according to Figure 1 and 2 Compared to the embodiment of the damper 10 with a helical spring 18 and two sleeves 14 and 16, a significantly larger ratio of maximum vibration amplitude to structural length can be achieved. This ratio increases accordingly when other additional sleeves are used.

[0053] according to Figures 1 to 4 The damping characteristics of the shock absorbers 10, 50 according to the invention can also be affected, for example, by the frictional characteristics of the movable parts 14, 16, 34. For example, not shown here, the damping characteristics can be affected by using optional friction elements or by using a wear-resistant coating on the friction surfaces of the movable parts 14, 16, 34, which in turn affects the service life of the shock absorbers 10, 50.

[0054] according to Figures 1 to 4 The embodiments of the vibration dampers 10, 50 according to the present invention can be designed without difficulty such that the geometries of the first component 14 and the second component 16 are interchangeable. Figures 1 to 4In these variations of the embodiments shown and described, the first component 14 is directly connected to the joint 26 (instead of being connected to the joint 24) and at least indirectly connected to the load-bearing cable 3 via the joint 26. According to... Figure 3 and 4 In the embodiment of the vibration damper 50, the arrangement of the third sleeve 34 between the first sleeve 14 and the second sleeve 16 also needs to be adjusted accordingly. All of the above regarding Figures 1 to 4 Other descriptions of the embodiments can be similarly applied to variations of the embodiments of the dampers 10, 50 according to the invention, in which the geometries of the first component 14 and the second component 16 are interchanged, and are therefore also applicable without limitation to these variations of the dampers 10, 50 according to the invention.

Claims

1. A vibration damper (10, 50) for connection with overhead contact line equipment, wherein, The vibration dampers (10, 50) are at least indirectly connected to at least one contact wire (2) and / or at least one load-bearing cable (3) of the overhead contact line equipment. Its features are, The shock absorber (10, 50) has a guide device (12), at least two components (14, 16) that can move toward each other along the guide device (12), namely a first component (14) and a second component (16), and at least one damping component (18).

2. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to claim 1, Its features are, The guiding device (12) is hinged to the overhead contact line equipment by means of at least one joint (24, 26).

3. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to claim 1 or 2, Its features are, The guiding device (12) is connected at least one end to the contact wire (2) or to the load-bearing cable (3).

4. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to any one of the preceding claims, Its features are, The damper (10, 50) has at least one stop (28) which restricts the movement of the at least two components (14, 16) that can move toward each other along the guide device (12).

5. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to any one of the preceding claims, Its features are, The guiding device (12) is a guide rod.

6. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to claim 5, Its features are, The guide rod (12) is designed to be a solid or hollow profile.

7. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to any one of the preceding claims, Its features are, The first component (14) and the second component (16) of the at least two components (14, 16) that can move toward each other can push against each other, wherein at least one component (14, 16) of the at least two components (14, 16) that can move toward each other is directly connected to the guiding device (12).

8. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to any one of the preceding claims, Its features are, The at least two components (14, 16) that can move toward each other are designed as hollow profiles.

9. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to any one of the preceding claims, Its features are, The first component (14) has a base plate (30), and the second component (16) has a cover (32), wherein the base plate (30) and / or the cover (32) have at least one opening for air inlet or air outlet.

10. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to any one of the preceding claims, Its features are, The at least one damping component (18) is connected at least at its end to one of the components (14, 16) that are movable toward each other.

11. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to claim 10, Its features are, The at least one damping component (18) is designed as a spring.

12. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to claim 11, Its features are, The spring (18) is a helical spring.

13. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to claim 11 or 12, Its features are, The spring (18) has a preload when at rest.

14. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to any one of the preceding claims, Its features are, The second component (16) of the at least two components (14, 16) that can move toward each other is designed to be able to swing freely along the guide device (12).

15. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to claim 14, Its features are, The second component (16) is designed and / or designed with at least one discrete material (19) arranged on the second component (16) at least partially with increased weight.

16. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to claim 15, Its features are, The at least one discrete material (19) is designed as a disc, ring or sleeve.

17. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to any one of the preceding claims, Its features are, The second component (16) has a stabilizing sleeve (20) and / or an additional guide (22) inside along the guide device (12).

18. The vibration damper (10, 50) according to any one of the preceding claims, Its features are, The damper (10, 50) has at least three components (14, 16, 34) that are movable toward each other along the guide device (12), wherein the third component (34) is arranged between the first component (14) and the second component (16).

19. An overhead contact line device having at least one vibration damper (10, 50) according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

Images