The invention discloses an energy recycling type edible mushroom drying device. The drying device comprises an external fresh air introducing device, a total heat exchanger, a multistage pressing type airflow-adjustable air hole, an edible mushroom drying device and an induced draft fan, wherein the total heat exchanger is used for recycling the energy; the edible mushroom drying device sequentially comprises a drying room, an air pre-heater, a flow guiding plate, a variable cross-section air flue, an airflow pressure sensor, a blowing pore plate, an air return pore plate, and flow guiding devices arranged on an inlet of the blowing pore plate and an outlet of the air return pore plate, and the blowing pore plate and the air return pore plate are arranged in the drying room in parallel. According to the energy recycling type edible mushroom drying device, by combining a completely-new air supplying drying mode and a direct return-air self-circulation drying mode with a stairstep-energy-supplying air heating manner and the variable cross-section air flue according to different drying conditions of the edible mushroom, the stable distribution of air in the device is guaranteed, meanwhile, the air supplying temperature is decreased, and the drying quality is guaranteed; air is uniformly processed, and the energy consumption is reduced.