Folic acid egg laying hen feed and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laying hen feeds, and provides a laying hen feed for folic acid eggs and a making method thereof.The laying hen feed for folic acid eggs comprises, by weight, 59-62% of corn, 6-12% of corn flour, 1-3% of a feed additive, 1-3% of a feed additive, 1-3% of a feed additive and 1-3% of a feed additive. 4-7% of wheat middling; 19-23% of soybean meal; 2-4% of fermented soybean meal; 5-7% of stone powder; 0.9 to 1.1 percent of calcium hydrogen phosphate; 0.2 to 0.3 percent of table salt; 0.3-0.5% of a folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens; the microcapsule is coated with crystalline folic acid, and the content of the crystalline folic acid is 0.0002 0.3 to 0.4 percent of glycine betaine; and 0.01 to 0.02% of vitamin C. The corn provides main energy, the wheat middling assists in supplementing energy, the soybean meal is a vegetable protein raw material, the fermented soybean meal can supplement protein, the mountain flour supplements sufficient calcium, the calcium hydrophosphate supplements calcium and phosphorus elements, the table salt regulates palatability, and the folic acid-free laying hen compound amino acid premix supplements essential amino acids; a micro-capsule coating structure of the micro-capsule coated crystalline folic acid protects the crystalline folic acid, betaine adjusts osmotic pressure, vitamin C enhances the stability of the folic acid, and finally the high-quality folic acid eggs are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of laying hen feed technology, and in particular relates to a folic acid-rich laying hen feed and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Folic acid is an essential water-soluble vitamin for both humans and laying hens. It participates in several key physiological processes, including nucleic acid synthesis and amino acid metabolism. Humans cannot synthesize folic acid themselves and must obtain it through diet. Folic acid also plays a crucial regulatory role in the growth, development, and egg production performance of laying hens. Folic acid-enriched eggs are a type of functional egg produced by feeding hens a specially formulated feed rich in folic acid. Through physiological transformation and accumulation within the hen's body, the natural folic acid content in these eggs is significantly increased compared to ordinary eggs. Consuming folic acid-enriched eggs daily is a convenient way for humans to supplement their folic acid intake. The feed for these eggs is a specially formulated compound feed for laying hens, providing them with the basic nutrients needed for growth and egg production, such as energy, protein, and minerals, while simultaneously supplementing them with sufficient folic acid. This promotes the absorption and utilization of folic acid within the hen's body and its targeted accumulation in the eggs, thereby increasing the folic acid content and functional value of the eggs.

[0003] However, existing folic acid-rich egg feeds for laying hens suffer from severe folic acid oxidation and low folic acid absorption and utilization efficiency under high temperature and humidity conditions. For example, in the main mixing process of feed production, the high temperature generated by the mixing equipment combined with the humid environment of the production workshop directly accelerates the oxidative decomposition of folic acid that has not been effectively protected. Long-term storage of finished feed in a high-humidity, sealed warehouse environment also continuously causes folic acid degradation and loss. Furthermore, folic acid that has not been specifically stabilized and protected is difficult to resist the effects of the acidic digestive environment in the laying hen's intestines and cannot be efficiently absorbed and utilized by the hens. This directly leads to large fluctuations in the folic acid accumulation in eggs and insufficient accumulation stability, affecting the product quality and market application value of folic acid-rich eggs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed and its preparation method, which can improve the problems of severe folic acid oxidation loss and low folic acid absorption efficiency in folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed under high temperature and high humidity environments.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: In a first aspect, this application provides a folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed, comprising the following components by weight percentage, based on 100% of the total weight of the folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed: Corn, 59-62%; Wheat flour, 4~7%; Soybean meal, 19-23%; Fermented soybean meal, 2-4%; Stone powder, 5-7%; Dicalcium phosphate, 0.9~1.1%; Salt, 0.2-0.3%; Folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens, 0.3-0.5%; Microencapsulated crystalline folic acid, 0.0002~0.0004%; Betaine, 0.3~0.4%; Vitamin C, 0.01~0.02%.

[0006] The folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed provided in this application uses corn (59-62% by weight) as the main energy source, which can provide sufficient and stable energy support for the growth and egg production of laying hens, ensuring normal physiological metabolism and production performance, and laying the foundation for the absorption and accumulation of folic acid in the hen's body. 4-7% wheat middlings can supplement energy, while improving the palatability and flowability of the feed, promoting feed intake and increasing feed utilization. 19-23% soybean meal serves as the core plant protein source, providing the necessary nutrients for the hen's growth and egg production. The high-quality amino acids required meet the protein needs of laying hens for physical development and egg formation; 2-4% fermented soybean meal not only supplements protein, but the active substances produced during fermentation also regulate the balance of intestinal flora in laying hens, improve the intestinal absorption environment, and help with the efficient absorption of folic acid; 5-7% limestone powder provides laying hens with sufficient calcium to ensure eggshell quality and meet the needs of bone development; 0.9-1.1% dicalcium phosphate supplements calcium and phosphorus, maintains the calcium-phosphorus balance in laying hens, and promotes bone health and metabolism; 0. 2-0.3% salt adjusts feed palatability, replenishes electrolytes needed by laying hens, and maintains normal physiological functions; 0.3-0.5% folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens precisely supplements the essential amino acids required for growth and egg production, preventing imbalances caused by the superposition of exogenous folic acid and folic acid in the premix, while ensuring comprehensive and balanced nutrition for laying hens; 0.0002-0.0004% microencapsulated crystalline folic acid is the core functional component of the feed, and its microencapsulation structure effectively protects the crystalline folic acid from... In the high-temperature and high-humidity feed processing and storage environment, folic acid is lost through oxidation. Simultaneously, it resists the damage caused by the acidic intestinal environment and digestive enzymes in laying hens, ensuring folic acid can smoothly reach the intestinal absorption site. 0.3-0.4% betaine regulates osmotic pressure in laying hens, improves intestinal absorption, promotes folic acid absorption and transport within the hen's body, and enhances folic acid utilization efficiency. 0.01-0.02% vitamin C further enhances folic acid stability, reduces oxidative loss, and helps regulate the hen's immunity, ensuring the hen's health. The synergistic effect of these components not only meets the basic nutritional needs of laying hens for growth and egg production but also effectively improves the stability and absorption efficiency of folic acid, ultimately achieving efficient and stable enrichment of folic acid in eggs, producing high-quality folic acid eggs.

[0007] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based laying hen feed, applied to a feed processing system. The feed processing system includes a main mixer, which includes a jacketed cooling structure and a speed control unit. The method includes: Corn, soybean meal, and fermented soybean meal were dried at low temperature and then pulverized separately to obtain pulverized corn, pulverized soybean meal, and pulverized fermented soybean meal. After premixing the pulverized corn with microencapsulated crystalline folic acid, betaine and vitamin C are added and the mixture is further premixed to obtain a compound premix. The remaining amount of the crushed corn, the crushed soybean meal, the crushed fermented soybean meal, stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens, and the compound premix are put into the main mixer. After starting the main mixer, the folic acid content variation coefficient data of the materials in the main mixer and the cavity temperature data of the main mixer are obtained simultaneously. Based on the characteristics of the microencapsulated crystalline folic acid capsule material, the flow rate of the cooling medium in the jacket cooling structure is adjusted according to the cavity temperature data. Combined with the cavity temperature data and the folic acid content variation coefficient data, the speed control unit is used to adjust the speed of the main mixer to obtain a mixture after mixing. The mixture is cooled and dehumidified to obtain a cooled material; The folic acid content of the cooling material was tested to obtain folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed.

[0008] The method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed provided in this application involves first drying corn, soybean meal, and fermented soybean meal at low temperatures, followed by separate pulverization to obtain pulverized corn, pulverized soybean meal, and pulverized fermented soybean meal. This method reduces nutrient loss due to high temperatures during processing and ensures that each ingredient reaches a suitable particle size, laying a good foundation for thorough and uniform mixing of subsequent components. Then, a predetermined amount of pulverized corn is premixed with microencapsulated crystalline folic acid, followed by the addition of betaine and vitamin C for further premixing to obtain a compound premix. Microencapsulation of functional core ingredients such as crystalline folic acid, betaine, and vitamin C achieves initial dispersion, effectively reducing the occurrence of localized enrichment and uneven distribution of functional ingredients during subsequent large-scale mixing. Next, the remaining amount of pulverized corn, pulverized soybean meal, pulverized fermented soybean meal, limestone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, folic acid-free layer hen compound amino acid premix, and compound premix are all placed into the main mixer. After starting the main mixer, the coefficient of variation data of folic acid content and the chamber temperature data of the materials inside the main mixer are simultaneously acquired, enabling the basic feed ingredients to be properly dispersed. The process involves the comprehensive integration of raw materials and functional compound premixes, while simultaneously monitoring the uniformity of material mixing and the temperature of the mixing chamber in real time. Based on the characteristics of the microencapsulated folic acid capsule material, the flow rate of the cooling medium in the jacket cooling structure is adjusted according to the chamber temperature data. Combined with chamber temperature data and the coefficient of variation of folic acid content, the speed control unit adjusts the speed of the main mixer. After mixing, a mixture is obtained. This allows for precise temperature control of the mixing chamber, preventing high temperatures from damaging the protective structure of the microencapsulated folic acid. Simultaneously, the speed is adjusted according to the mixing state to ensure thorough mixing of all raw materials. The mixing process ensures uniformity and prevents damage to the microcapsule structure from improper rotation speed, minimizing folic acid loss during mixing. The mixture is then cooled and dehumidified to obtain a cooled feed, which quickly dissipates residual heat and removes excess moisture, further reducing the risk of folic acid oxidation and degradation under high temperature and humidity. Finally, the folic acid content of the cooled feed is tested to obtain folic acid-rich egg-producing hen feed. This method rigorously verifies the folic acid content of the final product, ensuring that the feed quality meets production standards and providing a reliable guarantee for the stable accumulation of folic acid in eggs after subsequent feeding to laying hens. This method effectively protects the stability of folic acid, improves the overall uniformity of feed mixing, and ensures stable and compliant quality of the folic acid-rich egg-producing hen feed.

[0009] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based chicken feed according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of steps S420, S423, and S4233 in the method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based chicken feed provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 This is a line graph comparing the folic acid retention rates in the layer hen feed provided in the embodiments of this application with those in the comparative examples; Figure 4 This is a line graph comparing the folic acid content in the folic acid eggs provided in the embodiments of this application with that of the comparative examples. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0013] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0014] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c", can both mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0015] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above processes does not imply the order of execution. Some or all steps may be executed in parallel or sequentially. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0016] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0017] The weights of the relevant components mentioned in the embodiments of this application can refer not only to the specific content of each component, but also to the proportional relationship between the weights of the components. Therefore, any scaling up or down of the content of the relevant components according to the embodiments of this application is within the scope disclosed in the embodiments of this application. Specifically, the mass described in the embodiments of this application can be a well-known unit of mass in the chemical industry, such as µg, mg, g, or kg.

[0018] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, to distinguish objects, such as substances, from one another, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, "first XX" may also be referred to as "second XX," and similarly, "second XX" may also be referred to as "first XX." Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0019] In related technologies, folic acid-enriched egg feed for laying hens suffers from severe folic acid oxidation loss and low efficiency in folic acid absorption and utilization by hens under high temperature and humidity conditions. For example, in the main mixing process of feed production, the high temperature generated by the mixing equipment combined with the humid environment of the production workshop directly accelerates the oxidative decomposition of folic acid that has not been effectively protected. Long-term storage of finished feed in a high-humidity, sealed storage environment also continuously causes folic acid degradation and loss. Furthermore, folic acid that has not been specifically stabilized and protected is difficult to withstand the acidic digestive environment of the laying hen's intestines and cannot be efficiently absorbed and utilized by the hens. This directly leads to large fluctuations in the folic acid enrichment level in eggs and insufficient enrichment stability, affecting the product quality and market application value of folic acid-enriched eggs.

[0020] Based on this, in order to improve the problems of severe folic acid oxidation loss and low folic acid absorption efficiency in folic acid egg laying hen feed under high temperature and high humidity environment in related technologies, the embodiments of this application provide the following solutions.

[0021] The first aspect of this application provides a folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed, which, based on 100% of the total weight of the folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed, comprises the following components by weight percentage: corn, 59-62%; wheat middlings, 4-7%; soybean meal, 19-23%; fermented soybean meal, 2-4%; limestone, 5-7%; dicalcium phosphate, 0.9-1.1%; salt, 0.2-0.3%; folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens, 0.3-0.5%; microencapsulated crystalline folic acid, 0.0002-0.0004%; betaine, 0.3-0.4%; and vitamin C, 0.01-0.02%.

[0022] It is understandable that folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens does not contain additional folic acid. It is a mixture of essential amino acids (such as lysine, methionine, threonine, etc.) required for the growth and egg production of laying hens. Its function is to supplement the amino acids required by the laying hen's body, while preventing the superposition of folic acid with microencapsulated crystalline folic acid in the feed, which would lead to an imbalance in folic acid content.

[0023] Microencapsulated crystalline folic acid is formed by coating high-purity crystalline folic acid with encapsulating materials (such as gelatin, gum arabic, chitosan, sodium alginate, etc.) that can withstand high temperatures and resist the decomposition of intestinal digestive enzymes. The encapsulating material can dissolve at specific absorption sites in the intestine of laying hens, releasing folic acid in a targeted manner for absorption by the body.

[0024] Betaine is a natural compound that regulates the body's osmotic pressure and improves intestinal absorption, while vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin with strong antioxidant properties. Both are functional additives that ensure the stability and absorption efficiency of folic acid.

[0025] As can be seen from the above, the folic acid-enriched egg-laying hen feed provided in this application, through the scientific combination of each component according to a specific weight percentage, not only meets the basic nutritional needs of laying hens for energy, protein, minerals, amino acids, etc., required for growth and egg production, but also, through the special structural design of microencapsulated crystalline folic acid, combined with the effect of betaine on improving the intestinal absorption environment and the antioxidant protection effect of vitamin C, the three synergistically reduce the oxidation loss and decomposition of folic acid during feed processing, storage, and in the intestines of laying hens, significantly improving the absorption efficiency of folic acid by laying hens, thereby ensuring the stable enrichment of folic acid in eggs, and effectively improving the problem of serious folic acid oxidation loss and low absorption efficiency in existing folic acid-enriched egg-laying hen feed under high temperature and high humidity conditions.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 The second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based laying hen feed, applied to a feed processing system. The feed processing system includes a main mixer, which includes a jacketed cooling structure and a speed control unit. The method includes: S100 involves drying corn, soybean meal, and fermented soybean meal at low temperatures, followed by pulverizing them to obtain pulverized corn, pulverized soybean meal, and pulverized fermented soybean meal.

[0027] S200 involves premixing the pre-set amount of pulverized corn with microencapsulated crystalline folic acid, then adding betaine and vitamin C for further premixing to obtain a compound premix.

[0028] The S300 feeds the remaining amount of crushed corn, crushed soybean meal, crushed fermented soybean meal, stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens, and compound premix together into the main mixer. After starting the main mixer, it simultaneously acquires the coefficient of variation data of folic acid content in the materials inside the main mixer and the temperature data of the main mixer cavity.

[0029] The S400, based on the characteristics of the capsule material for microencapsulating crystalline folic acid, adjusts the flow rate of the cooling medium in the jacket cooling structure according to the cavity temperature data, and combines the cavity temperature data and the coefficient of variation data of folic acid content to control the speed of the main mixer by the speed control unit, and obtains the mixture after mixing.

[0030] S500 cools and dehumidifies the mixture to obtain a cooled material.

[0031] S600 is used to test the folic acid content of cooling feed to obtain folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed.

[0032] It can be understood that a feed processing system is an integrated equipment system that realizes the entire process of producing folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed. Its core functions are to complete processes such as raw material pretreatment, mixing, cooling, and testing. The feed processing system includes raw material pretreatment equipment (dryer, pulverizer), a main mixer, a cooling device, a folic acid content testing device, and a control system. These components are sequentially connected via material conveying pipelines or conveyor belts, forming a closed-loop production process. The main mixer is the core equipment of the entire feed processing system, specifically designed to achieve uniform mixing of basic raw materials and functional components. Its operating status directly affects the stability of folic acid and the uniformity of feed mixing. The output end of the raw material pretreatment equipment is connected to the input end of the main mixer. The cooling device and folic acid content testing device are arranged sequentially around the output end of the main mixer, enabling the mixed material to be quickly cooled and dehumidified, and to complete quality verification.

[0033] Raw material pretreatment equipment is used for the preliminary processing of corn, soybean meal, and fermented soybean meal. It includes a dryer and a grinder, which are connected sequentially via a material conveyor belt and electrically connected to a control system for automated start / stop and parameter adjustment. The dryer consists of a drying chamber, conveyor belt / drums, a low-temperature heating device (such as a steam heat exchanger or electric heater), a ventilation system, and a temperature sensor. The drying chamber is a sealed structure, with the conveyor belt / drums horizontally installed inside. The low-temperature heating device, in conjunction with the ventilation system, introduces hot air at 35-60°C into the chamber (the temperature can be adjusted by the control system to prevent high temperatures from damaging the nutrients in the raw materials). The temperature sensor monitors the temperature inside the drying chamber in real time and feeds it back to the control system. During operation, the raw materials to be processed (corn, soybean meal, fermented soybean meal) are evenly spread on the conveyor belt / feed into the drum through the feed inlet. As the conveyor belt moves / the drum rotates, the raw materials come into full contact with the low-temperature hot air, which removes moisture. The dried raw materials are then conveyed to the grinder through the discharge outlet. The dryer can be a low-temperature belt dryer or a drum dryer commonly used in existing feed processing.

[0034] The pulverizer includes a pulverizing chamber, pulverizing components (hammer blades / claw blades), a drive motor, a screen, a feed hopper, and a discharge port. The pulverizing chamber is made of wear-resistant steel. The pulverizing components are mounted on a drive shaft within the pulverizing chamber. The drive motor is connected to the drive shaft via a coupling. The screen is detachably installed at the bottom of the pulverizing chamber (the screen aperture can be selected according to requirements to control the particle size of the pulverized material). During operation, the dried raw material enters the pulverizing chamber through the feed hopper. The drive motor drives the pulverizing components to rotate at high speed (the speed can be finely adjusted via the control system). The impact and shearing action of the hammer blades / claw blades crushes the raw material. The crushed material is then screened through the screen, and powder meeting the particle size requirements is discharged through the discharge port and conveyed to the feed end of the main mixer via a pipeline. The pulverizer can be, for example, a hammer mill or a claw mill.

[0035] The main mixer, as the core unit for feed mixing, has a horizontal cylindrical structure, including a mixing chamber, a jacketed cooling structure, a speed control unit, sensor components, and an inlet and outlet. The mixing chamber is a sealed stainless steel chamber equipped with a double propeller or paddle-type agitator to drive the materials in a tumbling and mixing manner. The inlet is located at the top of the mixing chamber and connects to the pulverizer outlet via a conveying pipeline to receive the pulverized raw materials and compound premixed materials. The outlet is located at the bottom of the mixing chamber and connects to the input end of the cooling device via a pipeline to achieve the orderly output of the mixed materials.

[0036] The main body of the jacketed cooling structure is an annular hollow jacket, which is tightly fitted and fixed to the outer wall of the mixing chamber, forming a closed interlayer space with the mixing chamber. A cooling medium inlet pipe (connected to an external cooling medium storage tank; the cooling medium is cooling water or food-grade cooling oil) is located at the top of one end of the jacket, and an outlet pipe (connected to a cooling medium recovery device) is located at the bottom of the other end. An electromagnetic flow control valve (electrically connected to the control system) is installed on the inlet pipe. During operation, the control system adjusts the opening of the flow control valve based on the chamber temperature data. The cooling medium enters the interlayer space and exchanges heat with the chamber wall, absorbing the frictional heat generated during material mixing, and then flows out through the outlet pipe, achieving precise temperature control of the chamber to prevent the jacket material from softening due to high temperatures.

[0037] The speed control unit includes a variable frequency motor, a transmission assembly (coupling, drive shaft), and a speed sensor. The variable frequency motor is fixed to the main mixer bracket, and its output shaft is connected to the drive shaft via a coupling. The drive shaft extends into the mixing chamber and is fixed to the agitator. The speed sensor is mounted on the drive shaft, collecting speed data in real time and feeding it back to the control system. During operation, the control system sends commands to the variable frequency motor, adjusting the agitator speed by changing the output frequency (the speed range can be set according to the characteristics of the mixing material), ensuring uniform mixing of materials while preventing the shear force generated by high speed from tearing the mixing material.

[0038] The sensor assembly includes an online near-infrared spectral sensor uniformly embedded in different spatial positions on the inner wall of the mixing chamber, an automatic timed sampling device installed on the side wall of the main mixer, and an offline high-performance liquid chromatograph linked to the control system. It is also equipped with a temperature sensor embedded in the inner wall of the chamber. All components work collaboratively through the control system: the temperature sensor collects chamber temperature data in real time and transmits it directly to the control system; the near-infrared spectral sensor indirectly reflects the mixing uniformity by monitoring the near-infrared spectral similarity of materials in different areas; the timed sampling device triggers sampling according to a preset cycle or when the spectral signal is abnormal; the collected samples undergo offline folic acid content detection by the high-performance liquid chromatograph according to industry standards; the control system establishes a calibration model based on the detection results and spectral data; during daily mixing, the coefficient of variation of folic acid content is calculated through real-time spectral signal conversion; and the timed sampling calibration model ensures data accuracy. Ultimately, this provides reliable data support for the regulation of cooling medium flow rate and main mixer speed, helping to reduce oxidative losses caused by localized folic acid enrichment.

[0039] The cooling device is used to cool and dehumidify the mixed material. It includes a cooling chamber, a material conveying device (scraper conveyor, screw conveyor), a ventilation system (fan, duct), and a humidity sensor. The cooling device is connected to the discharge port of the main mixer via pipeline and is electrically connected to the control system. The cooling chamber is a sealed structure. The material conveying device is installed horizontally inside the cooling chamber. The ducts of the ventilation system are distributed on both sides of the cooling chamber. The fan is connected to the duct and introduces room temperature air (or low-temperature cold air) into the cooling chamber. The humidity sensor is installed at the discharge end of the cooling chamber to monitor the moisture content of the material in real time. During operation, the mixed material enters the cooling chamber from the discharge port of the main mixer and moves slowly with the conveying device. The air introduced by the ventilation system comes into countercurrent contact with the material, carrying away the residual heat (reducing the material temperature to around room temperature) and excess moisture. The humidity sensor provides real-time feedback on the moisture content. When the moisture content of the material drops to the target level, the control system controls the conveying device to transport the material to the folic acid content detection device to prevent residual heat and high moisture from causing folic acid oxidation and degradation. The cooling device can be, for example, a counter-flow cooler or an air-cooled cooler.

[0040] The folic acid content detection device is used to verify whether the folic acid content of the cooled finished feed meets production standards. It includes a sample processing unit (extraction tank, filter), a detection unit (chromatographic column, detector / spectroscopy module), and a data processing module. The folic acid content detection device is connected to the discharge end of the cooling device via a sampling pipeline and is electrically connected to the control system. The folic acid content detection device performs a final folic acid content test on the cooled finished feed. It extracts finished product samples, processes and tests them according to industry standards, and feeds the results back to the control system to determine whether the feed is qualified. If qualified, it is output as the final product; otherwise, a rejection mechanism is triggered. The folic acid content detection device can use, for example, a high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) or an ultraviolet spectrophotometer.

[0041] The control system is the core control unit of the entire feed processing system, and can be, for example, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or an industrial computer. The control system is electrically connected to the dryer, crusher, main mixer, cooling device, and folic acid content detection device to form a closed-loop control.

[0042] Low-temperature drying is a drying process conducted within a lower temperature range that does not damage the heat-sensitive nutrients in the raw materials. The drying temperature is lower than the decomposition temperature of nutrients such as proteins and vitamins in the raw materials to avoid nutrient loss due to high temperatures. Pulverization is the process of turning the dried raw materials into powder with uniform particle size. The particle size of the powder must be suitable for subsequent mixing processes to ensure that the raw materials can fully contact and mix evenly.

[0043] The pre-set amount of pulverized corn is a portion of the total amount of pulverized corn used as a carrier, specifically for the initial mixing with small amounts of functional components such as microencapsulated crystalline folic acid. This amount is determined based on the dispersion requirements of the functional components to prevent localized aggregation during subsequent large-scale mixing. Premixing involves initially and uniformly mixing a small amount of functional components with a small amount of carrier raw material, ensuring that the functional components are evenly dispersed within the carrier to form an intermediate mixture.

[0044] The coefficient of variation (COP) of folic acid content is a statistical data point reflecting the degree of difference in folic acid content in materials at different spatial locations within the main mixer. The COP = (standard deviation / mean) × 100%. A smaller COP indicates a more uniform distribution of folic acid in the material. The chamber temperature data is the real-time temperature data inside the mixing chamber of the main mixer. This temperature is generated by factors such as material friction and heat dissipation during equipment operation. Real-time monitoring is necessary to prevent high temperatures from damaging the structure of the microcapsule-encapsulated folic acid.

[0045] The encapsulation material properties refer to the physicochemical characteristics of the encapsulation material that microencapsulates crystalline folic acid. These primarily include the softening temperature characteristics (the temperature at which the encapsulation material begins to soften and deform) and the shear strength characteristics (the strength of the encapsulation material against shear force). These two types of properties directly determine the stability of folic acid during the mixing process. Adjusting the cooling medium flow rate of the jacket cooling structure involves changing the flow rate of the cooling medium (such as cooling water or cooling oil) introduced into the jacket cooling structure, thereby regulating the cooling rate of the main mixer cavity and controlling the cavity temperature. Adjusting the main mixer speed refers to changing the rotational speed of the main mixer's agitator paddle through a speed control unit (such as a variable frequency motor or speed controller). This ensures uniform mixing of the materials while preventing excessively high speeds from generating shear forces that could damage the encapsulation material structure.

[0046] Cooling and dehumidification is a combined process of reducing the temperature and removing moisture from the mixed material. Cooling can quickly dissipate the residual heat accumulated in the mixture during the mixing process, reducing the continuous effect of residual heat on folic acid oxidation and degradation; dehumidification can reduce the moisture content of the mixture, reduce the impact of high humidity environment on folic acid stability, and make the moisture content of the mixture meet the requirements of feed storage.

[0047] Folic acid content detection refers to the use of quantitative folic acid detection methods (such as high performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, etc.) to detect the actual folic acid content in the cooling feed. By detecting the folic acid content in the feed, it is confirmed whether the folic acid content in the feed meets the preset production standards, and products with substandard folic acid content are eliminated to ensure the stability of folic acid content in the feed leaving the factory, thus providing a reliable guarantee for the stable enrichment of folic acid after subsequent feeding to laying hens.

[0048] As can be seen from the above, the method for preparing folic acid-enriched egg-laying hen feed provided in this application embodiment first involves drying corn, soybean meal, and fermented soybean meal at low temperatures, and then pulverizing them separately to obtain pulverized corn, pulverized soybean meal, and pulverized fermented soybean meal. This reduces the loss of nutrients due to high temperatures during the processing of raw materials, and ensures that each raw material reaches a suitable particle size, laying a good foundation for the thorough and uniform mixing of subsequent components. Then, the preset amount of pulverized corn is premixed with microencapsulated crystalline folic acid, and betaine and vitamin C are added for further premixing to obtain a compound... Premixed feed allows for the initial dispersion of microencapsulated functional core components such as crystalline folic acid, betaine, and vitamin C, effectively reducing the occurrence of localized enrichment and uneven distribution of functional components during subsequent large-scale mixing. Next, the remaining amount of pulverized corn, pulverized soybean meal, pulverized fermented soybean meal, limestone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, folic acid-free layer hen compound amino acid premix, and compound premix are all placed into the main mixer. After starting the main mixer, the coefficient of variation data of folic acid content and the chamber temperature data of the materials inside the main mixer are simultaneously acquired, enabling [the following to be achieved / implemented]. The system achieves comprehensive integration of basic feed ingredients and functional compound premixes, while simultaneously monitoring the uniformity of material mixing and the temperature of the mixing chamber in real time. Based on the characteristics of the microencapsulated folic acid capsule material, the system adjusts the cooling medium flow rate of the jacket cooling structure according to chamber temperature data. Combined with chamber temperature data and folic acid content variation coefficient data, the speed control unit adjusts the speed of the main mixer. After mixing, the resulting mixture can be precisely controlled to prevent high temperatures from damaging the protective structure of the microencapsulated folic acid. Simultaneously, the speed is adjusted according to the mixing state to ensure that all raw materials are properly mixed. The mixing process ensures thorough and uniform mixing while preventing damage to the microcapsule structure from improper rotation speed, minimizing folic acid loss during mixing. The mixture is then cooled and dehumidified to obtain a cooled feed, which quickly dissipates residual heat and removes excess moisture, further reducing the risk of folic acid oxidation and degradation under high temperature and humidity. Finally, the folic acid content of the cooled feed is tested to obtain folic acid-rich egg-producing hen feed. This method allows for rigorous verification of the final product's folic acid content, ensuring the feed quality meets production standards and providing a reliable guarantee for the stable accumulation of folic acid in eggs after subsequent feeding to laying hens. This method effectively protects folic acid stability, improves overall feed mixing uniformity, and ensures stable and compliant quality of the folic acid-rich egg-producing hen feed.

[0049] In one possible implementation, S400, based on the characteristics of the encapsulation material for microencapsulated crystalline folic acid, adjusts the cooling medium flow rate of the jacket cooling structure according to cavity temperature data, and, combined with cavity temperature data and folic acid content variation coefficient data, controls the speed control unit to adjust the speed of the main mixer, including: S410, based on the characteristics of the capsule material for microencapsulating crystalline folic acid, determined the softening temperature threshold and shear strength threshold of the capsule material.

[0050] It is understandable that the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material is the critical temperature at which the capsule material begins to soften and deform. When the cavity temperature exceeds this softening temperature threshold, the capsule material is prone to softening and breakage, leading to folic acid exposure and oxidation. The shear strength threshold of the capsule material is the critical value of the maximum shear force that the capsule material can withstand. When the shear force generated by the main mixer speed is too high and exceeds this shear strength threshold, the capsule material is easily torn and damaged.

[0051] For example, the thermal performance curve of the capsule material can be tested first using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to determine the temperature at which the capsule material begins to soften, which can then be used as the softening temperature threshold. Next, the shear resistance of the capsule material can be tested using a rheometer to determine the maximum shear force at which the capsule material does not tear, which can then be used as the shear strength threshold.

[0052] S420 compares the cavity temperature data with the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material and correlates the coefficient of variation data of folic acid content with the shear strength threshold of the capsule material to perform coupled analysis, thereby obtaining the cooling medium flow rate control value and the rotation speed control value.

[0053] It can be understood that coupled analysis refers to taking the influence of cavity temperature on capsule material softening and the coefficient of variation of folic acid content on the capsule material's shear resistance as two core control dimensions, comprehensively analyzing their interaction, and then determining the specific control values ​​for cooling medium flow rate and rotation speed that can both control the cavity temperature below the capsule material softening temperature threshold and prevent the shear force from exceeding the capsule material's shear strength threshold. The cooling medium flow rate control value is the specific flow rate of the cooling medium required to control the cavity temperature within the target range. The rotation speed control value is the specific rotation speed of the main mixer required to ensure mixing uniformity without damaging the capsule material.

[0054] S430 regulates the cooling medium flow rate of the jacket cooling structure according to the cooling medium flow rate regulation value, and controls the speed regulation unit to adjust the speed of the main mixer according to the speed regulation value.

[0055] It is understandable that the flow rate of the cooling medium is controlled through the flow control valve of the jacketed cooling structure. The control system sends a command to the flow control valve based on the flow rate control value, adjusting the valve opening to change the flow rate of the cooling medium. The speed of the main mixer is controlled through the variable frequency motor of the speed control unit. The control system sends a command to the variable frequency motor based on the speed control value, changing the motor output frequency to adjust the speed of the agitator.

[0056] This setup, by first determining the core characteristic thresholds of the capsule material, then coupling and analyzing the real-time monitoring data with the thresholds, and finally precisely controlling the cooling medium flow rate and the main mixer speed, achieves personalized control based on the capsule material characteristics. This reduces capsule material softening and folic acid oxidation caused by high temperatures, and prevents capsule material damage caused by high-speed shear force, significantly improving the stability of folic acid during the mixing process.

[0057] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 2 S420, by comparing cavity temperature data with the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material and correlating folic acid content coefficient of variation data with the shear strength threshold of the capsule material, a coupled analysis was performed, including: S421, based on the comparison results between cavity temperature data and the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material, the cooling control priority is mapped.

[0058] It is understandable that the cooling control priority is based on the difference between the real-time temperature of the mixing chamber and the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material, which is divided into levels of cooling urgency. The higher the priority, the greater the risk of capsule material softening and folic acid oxidation at the current temperature. Cooling should be achieved by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling medium first. This is used to clarify the order of temperature control and reduce the waste of resources or the problem of untimely cooling caused by blind cooling.

[0059] For example, a mapping relationship between temperature difference range and cooling control priority is first preset. Temperature difference = real-time cavity temperature - softening temperature threshold of the capsule material. The larger the positive difference, the higher the priority; the lower the difference, the lower the priority. Specifically, it can be divided into three priorities: high, medium, and low. For example, when the temperature difference is ≥5℃, it is mapped to high priority; when the temperature difference is between -2℃ and 5℃, it is mapped to medium priority; and when the temperature difference is <-2℃, it is mapped to low priority. The control system automatically matches the corresponding priority based on the real-time calculated temperature difference.

[0060] S422, based on the correlation between the coefficient of variation of folic acid content and the shear strength threshold of the capsule material, the rotation speed limit level is mapped.

[0061] It is understandable that the speed limit level is determined by combining the coefficient of variation of folic acid content in the material (reflecting the uniformity of mixing) and the shear strength threshold of the capsule material (reflecting the ability of the capsule material to withstand shear force). The higher the level, the higher the upper limit of the allowed speed. This ensures that the material is mixed evenly to reduce the coefficient of variation of folic acid, while also reducing the shear force generated by excessive speed that could damage the capsule material, thus achieving a balance between mixing uniformity and folic acid stability.

[0062] For example, different batches of basic raw materials such as corn and soybean meal and functional components such as microencapsulated crystalline folic acid and betaine were selected and mixed in the main mixer with multiple gradient speeds. Multiple material samples were collected from different positions in the mixing chamber at each speed. The folic acid content of each sample was detected by high performance liquid chromatography. The coefficient of variation of folic acid content corresponding to each speed was calculated. Then, a quantitative positive correlation model of "speed requirement = α × folic acid content coefficient of variation + β" was obtained by linear regression analysis (where α is the positive correlation coefficient and β is the baseline speed constant, which is determined by the experimental data. For example, the fitted model is "speed requirement = 5 × coefficient of variation + 30", that is, for every 1% increase in the coefficient of variation, the speed required to improve the mixing uniformity needs to be increased by 5 r / min).

[0063] Simultaneously, the upper limit of safe rotation speed corresponding to the shear strength threshold of the capsule material was determined by rheometer testing (e.g., the upper limit of safe rotation speed corresponding to 15 Pa is 60 r / min). The rotation speed requirement calculated by the quantitative positive correlation model was verified and correlated with this upper limit of safe rotation speed. If the rotation speed requirement did not exceed the upper limit of safe rotation speed, it was directly used. If it exceeded the upper limit of safe rotation speed, the upper limit of safe rotation speed was used as the maximum allowable rotation speed. Then, based on the actual distribution range of the coefficient of variation of folic acid content, three rotation speed restriction levels were divided. For example, when the coefficient of variation of folic acid content is ≤5%, the corresponding rotation speed requirement is 30-40 r / min (not exceeding the upper limit of safety), which is classified as the high restriction level to strictly control the rotation speed and reduce the impact of shear force on the capsule material; when 5% < coefficient of variation < 10%, the corresponding rotation speed requirement is 40-50 r / min, which is classified as the medium restriction level to balance mixing uniformity and capsule material protection; when the coefficient of variation is ≥10%, the corresponding rotation speed requirement is 50-60 r / min (close to but not exceeding the upper limit of safety), which is classified as the low restriction level to allow higher rotation speeds to quickly improve the problem of uneven mixing.

[0064] S423 dynamically adjusts the weights of cooling control priority and speed limit level based on the correlation between cooling control priority and speed limit level.

[0065] It is understandable that the weight represents the proportion of importance of cooling regulation priority and speed limit level in the coordinated regulation decision. The larger the weight value, the higher the proportion of the corresponding regulation demand in the final decision.

[0066] This setup first prioritizes cooling control based on the deviation between the cavity temperature and the capsule material softening temperature threshold, accurately identifying the threat level of temperature to the capsule material and providing a clear basis for the urgency of cooling operations, reducing the risk of folic acid exposure and oxidation caused by high-temperature softening of the capsule material. Then, it classifies rotation speed limits based on the correlation between the folic acid content variation coefficient and the capsule material shear strength threshold, ensuring mixing uniformity while strictly controlling the rotation speed to not exceed the shear range that the capsule material can withstand, preventing capsule material breakage and folic acid oxidation loss. Finally, it dynamically adjusts the weights based on the correlation between the two, balancing and strengthening cooling and rotation speed control in a synergistic state, prioritizing cooling needs in a conflicting state to curb the risk of high temperature and high rotation speed superposition, and maintaining a stable ratio in a balanced state. This reduces the one-sidedness of a single control dimension and achieves precise synergy between temperature protection and shear force control, minimizing folic acid oxidation loss during mixing and ensuring stable folic acid absorption efficiency in laying hens by improving material mixing uniformity. This effectively addresses the core problems of severe folic acid oxidation loss and low absorption efficiency in existing folic acid egg feed for laying hens.

[0067] In one possible implementation, S423, based on the correlation between cooling control priority and speed limit level, dynamically adjusts the weights of cooling control priority and speed limit level, including: S4231 divides the relationship between cooling control priority and speed limit level into three states: coordinated, conflicting, and balanced. The coordinated state is when the demand direction of cooling control priority and speed limit level is consistent. The conflicting state is when cooling control priority is directed towards prioritizing cooling and speed limit level is directed towards allowing high speed. The balanced state is when both cooling control priority and speed limit level are at a medium level.

[0068] It is understandable that a synergistic state occurs when cooling and speed requirements are not contradictory, such as "low priority cooling (no need for drastic cooling) + low speed limit (allowing high speed)" or "high priority cooling (requiring drastic cooling) + high speed limit (restricting high speed)." The two demands are aligned and do not interfere with each other. A conflicting state occurs when the heat generated by high speed exacerbates the cooling pressure, contradicting the priority of cooling. That is, "rapid cooling is needed" but "high speed is needed to improve mixing uniformity." High speed leads to frictional heat generation from the materials, further increasing the cavity temperature and affecting the stability of the capsule material. An equilibrium state occurs when neither cooling nor speed requirements are urgent, with no significant synergy or conflict, and remains within a moderate control range.

[0069] S4232, invoke the preset weight control rules for microencapsulated crystalline folic acid. The weight control rules include the balance enhancement weight rules corresponding to the synergistic state, conflict state and equilibrium state respectively, the priority weight of cooling control and the weight of speed limit level, and the basic proportional weight rules based on the softening characteristics and shear resistance characteristics of the capsule material.

[0070] It is understandable that weight control rules are pre-defined weight allocation standards for different related states, serving as the core basis for dynamic adjustment. Each weight rule corresponds to the control requirements of a specific state. The balance enhancement rule is used in cooperative states to ensure that cooling and speed requirements are met simultaneously. The rule that prioritizes increasing cooling control weight while decreasing speed limit weight is used in conflict states to prioritize preventing the capsule material from being damaged by high temperatures. The basic proportional rule based on the capsule material's softening and shear resistance characteristics is used in balanced states to maintain a stable control equilibrium.

[0071] For example, the weighting of the softening and shear resistance properties of the capsule material on the cooling and speed control requirements is first determined through experiments. Then, the weighting adjustment rules are preset based on the core control objectives under different associated states. When setting the balanced weighting rule, based on the characteristic that the cooling and speed requirements are not contradictory under the cooperative state, the specific magnitude of the simultaneous increase in the weights of the two in the same proportion is determined by statistically analyzing the control effect data under multiple cooperative working conditions (to ensure that the requirements of both can be fully met). For example, after multiple experiments, it has been verified that increasing the weights of each by 20% can both strengthen the cooling protection of the capsule material and increase the speed to ensure the mixing uniformity.

[0072] When setting rules to prioritize increasing the weight of cooling regulation and decreasing the weight of speed limit level, the core need for high temperature to threaten the capsule material is more urgent under conflict conditions. By comparing the capsule material breakage rate and cooling efficiency data under different weight allocation schemes, the extent to which the weight of cooling regulation priority is increased and the extent to which the weight of speed limit level is decreased is determined. For example, increasing the weight of cooling regulation priority by 30% can quickly cool down the capsule, while decreasing the weight of speed limit level by 15% can reduce the heat generation caused by high speed. The combination of the two can protect the capsule material to the greatest extent.

[0073] When setting the basic weighting rules based on the softening and shear strength properties of the capsule material, the softening temperature threshold and shear strength threshold of the capsule material are obtained by differential scanning calorimetry and rheometer testing. Then, combined with the weighting experiments on the influence of the two properties on folic acid stability (such as testing the capsule material breakage rate and folic acid retention rate under different ratios), the basic weight ratio of cooling and rotation speed is determined. For example, the experiment found that the proportion of folic acid oxidation loss caused by capsule material softening is higher. Therefore, a basic ratio of 60% for cooling control priority and 40% for rotation speed limit level is set to ensure the core protection needs under balanced conditions.

[0074] S4233 dynamically adjusts the weight of cooling control priority and the weight of speed limit level according to the cooperative state, conflict state, equilibrium state and weight control rules.

[0075] For example, after identifying the current state, the corresponding rule is invoked, and the adjusted weight is calculated according to the ratio or numerical range set by the rule.

[0076] This setup, by dividing the correlation into three clearly defined states and matching them with targeted weight control rules, achieves standardized and precise weight adjustment, reducing the randomness of weight allocation when operating conditions change. Especially in conflict states, prioritizing cooling needs effectively prevents softening and breakage of the capsule material caused by the superposition of high temperature and high speed, minimizing folic acid oxidation loss. In the synergistic state, a balanced increase in weights ensures capsule material safety while improving mixing uniformity, resulting in more even folic acid distribution and improved absorption efficiency in laying hens. In the balanced state, control is maintained according to the basic ratio, improving control stability and comprehensively addressing the issues of folic acid oxidation loss and low absorption efficiency.

[0077] In some embodiments, S700, the method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based laying hen feed includes setting a basic weighting rule based on the softening properties and shear resistance of the follicle material. The setting of this basic weighting rule includes: S710, obtain the softening temperature threshold and shear strength threshold of the capsule material.

[0078] For example, the control system directly retrieves the softening temperature threshold and shear strength threshold of the capsule material obtained from S410.

[0079] S720, based on the softening and shear resistance characteristics of the bag material, determines the correlation trend between the bag material softening temperature threshold, the bag material shear strength threshold, the cooling control priority weight, and the rotation speed limit level weight.

[0080] It is understandable that the correlation trend is the corresponding law between the change of threshold value and the weight ratio. The more the threshold reflects the fragility of the capsule material, the higher the weight of the corresponding control dimension. That is, the more easily the capsule material softens (the lower the softening temperature threshold), the higher the priority weight of cooling regulation, the more easily the capsule material is sheared and damaged (the lower the shear strength threshold), and the higher the speed limit level weight, so that the protection rules can protect the weak points of the capsule material in a targeted manner.

[0081] For example, firstly, the softening temperature data of multiple groups of capsule materials with different formulations were tested using differential scanning calorimetry, and the shear strength data of the corresponding capsule materials were tested using a rheometer to clarify the softening characteristics (characterized by the softening temperature threshold) and shear strength characteristics (characterized by the shear strength threshold) of each capsule material sample. Then, multiple mixed-condition experiments were designed for each group of capsule material samples to monitor the capsule material breakage rate and folic acid retention rate under different cavity temperatures and rotation speeds. The optimal cooling control priority weight and rotation speed limit weight to ensure folic acid stability were recorded. Correlation analysis and linear fitting were performed on the collected data of multiple sets of "capsule softening temperature threshold - cooling control priority weight" and "capsule shear strength threshold - rotation speed limit weight". It was found that when the capsule softening temperature threshold decreases (capsule is easier to soften), the cooling control priority weight needs to be increased to suppress capsule breakage caused by high temperature. When the capsule shear strength threshold decreases (capsule is more easily sheared), the rotation speed limit weight needs to be increased to strictly control the shear force. Thus, it was determined that the two are negatively correlated.

[0082] For example, when testing a chitosan-gelatin composite capsule material, the optimal cooling control priority weight corresponding to a softening temperature threshold of 55℃ was 60%. After adjusting the capsule material formulation to lower the softening temperature threshold to 50℃ (easier to soften), experiments verified that the optimal cooling control priority weight needed to be increased to 70% to maintain the same folic acid retention rate. The optimal rotational speed limit weight corresponding to a shear strength threshold of 15Pa for this capsule material was 40%. After adjusting the formulation to lower the shear strength threshold to 10Pa (easier to break), the optimal rotational speed limit weight needed to be increased to 50% to prevent capsule breakage, further verifying the rationality of this correlation trend.

[0083] S730, based on the correlation trend, solidifies the parameter configuration of the basic proportional weight rules.

[0084] For example, the softening temperature threshold and the shear strength threshold of the capsule material are substituted into the correlation trend formula to calculate the corresponding weight ratio, and this weight ratio is fixed as a parameter of the basic weight ratio rule.

[0085] This setup, by first obtaining the softening temperature threshold and shear strength threshold of the capsule material, then determining the correlation trend, and finally the curing parameters, forms a basic proportional weighting rule that is highly compatible with the characteristics of the capsule material itself. This reduces the problem of insufficient protection of specific capsule materials by general rules, provides continuous and stable capsule material protection for folic acid, reduces folic acid oxidation loss due to poor rule adaptability, and ensures mixing uniformity.

[0086] In one possible implementation, S4233 dynamically adjusts the weights of cooling control priority and speed limit level based on cooperative state, conflict state, equilibrium state, and weight control rules, including: S42331 identifies the cooperative, conflicting, or balanced state corresponding to the relationship between the current cooling control priority and the speed limit level.

[0087] For example, high cooling priority + low speed limit level = conflict state; low cooling priority + low speed limit level = cooperative state; medium cooling priority + medium speed limit level = balanced state; high cooling priority + high speed limit level = cooperative state (all require strict control and consistent requirements); low cooling priority + medium speed limit level = balanced state. For instance, if the current cooling priority is high and the speed limit level is low, it is identified as a conflict state according to the standard; if the current cooling priority is low and the speed limit level is low, it is identified as a cooperative state; if the current cooling priority is medium and the speed limit level is medium, it is identified as a balanced state.

[0088] S42332, if in a conflict state, the priority weight of cooling control is increased and the weight of speed limit level is decreased according to the rule of prioritizing the increase of cooling control priority and simultaneously decreasing the weight of speed limit level; if in a coordinated state, the weight of cooling control priority and speed limit level are increased in a balanced manner according to the rule of equalizing the increase of weight; if in a balanced state, the weight of cooling control priority and speed limit level are finely adjusted and calibrated according to the basic proportional weight rule based on the softening characteristics and shear resistance characteristics of the capsule material.

[0089] For example, the corresponding preset weight adjustment rules are invoked: If it is a conflict state, the rules of prioritizing the increase of cooling control priority weight and reducing the speed limit level weight are applied, and the adjusted weight is calculated based on the range of increase of cooling control priority weight and the range of reduction of speed limit level weight set in the rules, combined with the initial weight benchmark; if it is a coordinated state, the rules of balanced weight increase are applied, and the initial weight is adjusted proportionally according to the range of synchronous increase set in the rules; if it is a balanced state, the basic proportional weight rules based on the softening characteristics and shear resistance characteristics of the capsule material are used as the standard to calculate the deviation between the current weight and the standard weight, and then the fine-tuning range set in the rules is used for calibration.

[0090] S42333 compares the adjusted cooling control priority weight and speed limit level weight with the preset material safety weight range. If they meet the preset material safety weight range, the adjustment is confirmed; otherwise, the adjustment is reverted to the preset material safety weight range.

[0091] It is understandable that the preset safety weight range of the capsule material is a reasonable range of cooling control priority weight and speed limit level weight preset according to the characteristics of the capsule material. The lower limit ensures that this control dimension will not be ignored (such as insufficient cooling due to too low cooling control priority weight), and the upper limit ensures that resources will not be wasted or secondary needs will not be over-satisfied due to excessive weight (such as shear force risk due to excessive speed limit level weight).

[0092] For example, based on the safety requirements of the softening and shear resistance properties of the capsule material, and combined with experimental data of weight adjustment under multiple mixed working conditions, the safe range of the cooling control priority weight and the speed limit level weight is determined. Then, the control system compares the adjusted cooling control priority weight and speed limit level weight with their respective preset safe ranges in real time: if the adjusted weight is higher than the upper limit of the safe range, a callback command is triggered to correct the weight to the upper limit of the safe range; if the adjusted weight is lower than the lower limit of the safe range, it is corrected to the lower limit of the safe range; if the adjusted weight is within the safe range, the weight adjustment is directly confirmed to be effective.

[0093] This setup, through a closed-loop process of status recognition, weight adjustment, and safety verification, ensures that the adjusted weights are both adapted to the current operating conditions and do not exceed the safe range for encapsulation material protection. Prioritized cooling adjustments in conflict states quickly curb the threat of high temperatures to the encapsulation material and reduce folic acid oxidation; balanced enhancements in synergistic states improve mixing uniformity while ensuring encapsulation material safety, making folic acid more easily absorbed by laying hens; and the safety verification step reduces encapsulation material protection failures caused by abnormal weights, comprehensively ensuring folic acid stability and absorption efficiency.

[0094] In one possible implementation, S430, the cooling medium flow rate of the jacket cooling structure is adjusted according to the cooling medium flow rate control value, including: S431, based on the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material, divide the cooling control gradient into a first cooling control gradient, a second cooling control gradient, and a third cooling control gradient. The first cooling control gradient is a gradient lower than the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material, the second cooling control gradient is a gradient whose difference from the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material is within a preset difference range, and the third cooling control gradient is a gradient exceeding the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material. The first cooling control gradient, the second cooling control gradient, and the third cooling control gradient correspond one-to-one with the first preset cooling medium flow range, the second preset cooling medium flow range, and the third preset cooling medium flow range, respectively.

[0095] It can be understood that the cooling control gradient is a temperature range divided according to the relationship between the cavity temperature and the softening temperature threshold of the packaging material. Each cooling control gradient corresponds to a different cooling intensity (reflected by the cooling medium flow rate range). The higher the gradient level, the greater the cooling intensity. The preset cooling medium flow rate range is a cooling medium flow rate control range divided according to the temperature control requirements of the cooling control gradient. It is the key execution basis for realizing graded cooling. The level of the flow rate range is positively correlated with the threat level of the cooling control gradient, that is, the higher the gradient level, the stronger the cooling intensity of the corresponding preset cooling medium flow rate range.

[0096] For example, the rated parameters of the jacketed cooling structure are first verified to determine the safe and feasible overall flow rate adjustment range of the cooling medium. Then, through multiple sets of mixed process verification experiments, the cavity cooling rate, capsule material integrity rate, and folic acid retention rate at different flow rates are tested. The flow rate boundary values ​​that distinguish different cooling intensities are calibrated, and the corresponding division of cooling control gradients and flow ranges is completed. The first cooling control gradient is: cavity temperature ≤ capsule material softening temperature threshold - preset safety difference, corresponding to the low flow range (basic cooling), i.e., the first preset cooling medium flow range; the second gradient is: capsule material softening temperature threshold - preset safety difference < cavity temperature < capsule material softening temperature threshold, corresponding to the medium flow range (enhanced cooling), i.e., the second preset cooling medium flow range; the third gradient is: cavity temperature ≥ capsule material softening temperature threshold, corresponding to the high flow range (emergency cooling), i.e., the third preset cooling medium flow range.

[0097] S432, according to the cooling medium flow rate control value, match the corresponding first cooling control gradient, second cooling control gradient or third cooling control gradient, and adjust the cooling medium input rate of the jacket cooling structure according to the first preset cooling medium flow rate range, second preset cooling medium flow rate range or third preset cooling medium flow rate range corresponding to the matched first cooling control gradient, second cooling control gradient or third cooling control gradient.

[0098] For example, the cooling medium flow rate control value is first compared with a pre-set judgment standard for matching the cooling control gradient to determine the first, second, or third cooling control gradient corresponding to the cooling medium flow rate control value. After matching is completed, the first, second, or third preset cooling medium flow rate range corresponding to the matched cooling control gradient is retrieved. Then, within the retrieved preset cooling medium flow rate range, the target flow rate value is determined. Finally, the cooling medium input rate is adjusted by controlling the jacket cooling structure to keep the real-time flow rate of the cooling medium consistent with the determined target flow rate value.

[0099] S433: The outlet medium temperature of the jacket cooling structure is acquired in real time, and the cooling medium flow rate is calibrated based on the deviation between the outlet medium temperature and the softening temperature threshold of the jacket material.

[0100] It is understandable that the outlet medium temperature is the temperature at which the cooling medium is discharged after flowing through the jacket cooling structure, reflecting the heat absorption effect of the cooling medium (the higher the outlet temperature, the more heat is absorbed from the cavity, and the stronger the cooling effect).

[0101] For example, if the deviation between the outlet medium temperature and the softening temperature threshold of the bag material is greater than the preset deviation threshold, it indicates that the cooling effect is insufficient and the flow rate needs to be increased; if the deviation is less than the preset deviation threshold, it indicates that the cooling effect is too strong and the flow rate can be appropriately reduced; if the deviation is within the preset range, the flow rate remains unchanged.

[0102] This configuration, through a three-tiered cooling control logic of gradient division, flow matching, and real-time calibration, achieves precise and dynamic adjustment of the cooling medium flow rate. The third-tier high-flow-rate emergency cooling can rapidly reduce the temperature of the overheated chamber, preventing softening and breakage of the capsule material and folic acid oxidation. The second-tier enhanced cooling can maintain the temperature near the safe critical value, preventing folic acid stability risks caused by temperature fluctuations. The first-tier basic cooling can save energy when the temperature is safe, while the real-time calibration step ensures the stability of the cooling effect, reduces cooling failure caused by environmental changes, comprehensively protects the stability of folic acid during the mixing process, and improves the problem of severe folic acid oxidation loss under high-temperature conditions.

[0103] In one possible implementation, S430 controls the speed control unit to adjust the speed of the main mixer according to the speed control value, including: S434, based on the shear strength threshold of the capsule material, defines the upper limit of the safe speed and the suitable speed range of the main mixer, and the maximum value of the suitable speed range does not exceed the upper limit of the safe speed.

[0104] It is understandable that the upper limit of the safe operating speed is the speed at which the shear force generated by the rotating impeller of the main mixer is exactly equal to the shear strength threshold of the bag material. Exceeding this speed will cause the bag material to be sheared and destroyed. The suitable operating speed range is below the upper limit of the safe operating speed, which can meet the requirements of material mixing uniformity and ensure that the shear force is always below the shear strength threshold of the bag material.

[0105] For example, the correspondence between rotation speed and shear force is established through mechanical calculations. The rotation speed at which the shear force equals the shear strength threshold of the capsule material is set as the upper limit of the safe rotation speed. Then, according to the mixing uniformity requirements, the appropriate rotation speed range is divided below the upper limit of the safe rotation speed (low rotation speed is used when mixing is uniform, and high rotation speed is used when mixing is uneven).

[0106] S435, based on the speed control value, within the suitable speed range, controls the speed control unit to adjust the speed of the main mixer in a stepped manner with a preset step size, and controls the single adjustment range of the speed to not exceed the preset range.

[0107] It is understandable that the preset step size is a fixed increment or decrement of the rotation speed each time it is adjusted (such as 5 r / min, 10 r / min). Stepped adjustment refers to adjusting the rotation speed in small increments multiple times, rather than making a large adjustment all at once. This reduces the instantaneous high shear force caused by sudden changes in rotation speed, which can damage the capsule material, while ensuring that the rotation speed reaches the control value smoothly.

[0108] For example, the adjustment is divided into several steps according to the difference between the speed control value and the current speed, and the adjustment is maintained for a preset time (such as 10 seconds) after each adjustment before the next adjustment is made to ensure that the shear force changes smoothly.

[0109] S436 acquires the motor load signal of the main mixer in real time and determines whether the load fluctuation exceeds the preset range based on the motor load signal.

[0110] It is understandable that the motor load signal is the electrical signal such as the current and power of the motor that drives the main mixer. The motor load is positively correlated with the material mixing resistance (the greater the mixing resistance, the greater the load). Load fluctuation is the amplitude of change in motor load over a short period of time. If it exceeds the preset range, it indicates that the material mixing state is unstable (such as local agglomeration or uneven material quantity).

[0111] For example, a normal fluctuation range for the motor load is set (e.g., ±5% of the rated load), and the change value of the motor load is calculated in real time. If the change value exceeds the normal fluctuation range, it is determined that the load fluctuation is abnormal; if it is within the normal fluctuation range, it is determined that it is stable.

[0112] S437: If the load fluctuation exceeds the preset range, the rotation speed is finely adjusted based on the shear resistance characteristics of the capsule material to stabilize the load.

[0113] It can be understood that fine-tuning the speed refers to adjusting the speed slightly within the suitable speed range according to the direction of load fluctuation (appropriately reducing the speed to reduce the mixed resistance when the load is too high, and appropriately increasing the speed to increase the mixed resistance when the load is too low). The core is to balance the mixed resistance and stabilize the motor load by fine-tuning the speed, while strictly adhering to the shear resistance characteristics of the casing material, so that the fine-tuned speed is still within the safe range and does not damage the casing material.

[0114] This configuration, through a three-level speed control logic of defining safety boundaries, step-by-step adjustment, and load feedback fine-tuning, achieves safe and stable speed regulation. The upper limit of the safe speed and the suitable speed range fundamentally prevent high-speed shear forces from damaging the capsule material, reducing folic acid oxidation losses caused by capsule material damage; step-by-step adjustment prevents instantaneous shear forces caused by sudden speed changes, further protecting the capsule material; and load feedback fine-tuning ensures the stability of the material mixing state, allowing for more uniform folic acid distribution, improving the absorption efficiency of laying hens, while stable load ensures safe equipment operation.

[0115] In one possible implementation, S437, fine-tuning the rotational speed based on the shear resistance properties of the capsule material, includes: S4371 retrieves the correspondence between the load fluctuation amplitude and the speed fine-tuning amplitude of the main mixer established based on the shear strength threshold of the bag material. The larger the load fluctuation amplitude and the lower the shear strength threshold of the bag material, the larger the corresponding speed fine-tuning amplitude.

[0116] It can be understood that load fluctuation amplitude is the difference between the motor load and the preset range. Speed ​​fine-tuning amplitude is the speed difference that needs to be adjusted to stabilize the load. The correspondence is a pre-established quantitative correlation rule between load fluctuation amplitude and speed fine-tuning amplitude. The core logic is that the more severe the load fluctuation, the larger the speed adjustment amplitude is required to quickly stabilize the load. The weaker the shear resistance of the bearing material (the lower the threshold), the more cautious the speed adjustment amplitude needs to be, but it still needs to match the fluctuation amplitude to ensure a stable effect.

[0117] For example, firstly, mechanical tests are performed on multiple formulations of capsule materials using a rheometer to determine the corresponding shear strength thresholds for each type of capsule material. Then, multiple sets of control mixing experiments are designed around the main mixer to artificially simulate different load fluctuation ranges. For each capsule material with a shear strength threshold, the speed adjustment range that can quickly and smoothly stabilize the motor load without exceeding the shear strength tolerance range of the capsule material is tested and recorded. All collected experimental data are subjected to correlation analysis and quantitative fitting to determine a positive correlation between load fluctuation range and speed adjustment range, and a negative correlation between the capsule material shear strength threshold and speed adjustment range. Simultaneously, considering the equipment operation limitations of the main mixer and the safety protection requirements of the capsule material, a preset maximum adjustment range for this correlation is set, and then this correlation is stored in the control system. When executing S4371, this preset correlation is directly retrieved from the control system.

[0118] S4372 adjusts the speed of the main mixer by matching the speed fine-tuning range in the corresponding relationship based on the real-time load fluctuation range, and the adjusted speed does not exceed the safe speed limit.

[0119] For example, the load fluctuation amplitude is calculated in real time, the corresponding speed fine-tuning amplitude is found in the correspondence, and the speed is adjusted according to the principle of reducing the fine-tuning amplitude when the load is too high and increasing the fine-tuning amplitude when the load is too low. After adjustment, it is checked whether the speed exceeds the safe speed limit. If it does, it is adjusted according to the upper limit value.

[0120] This configuration, by referencing the preset correspondence between load fluctuation amplitude and speed fine-tuning amplitude, achieves precise and rapid speed fine-tuning, reducing load instability or capsule material damage caused by blind fine-tuning. The rule that the larger the fluctuation amplitude and the lower the threshold, the larger the fine-tuning amplitude, ensures rapid and stable load under different operating conditions, while also taking into account the shear resistance characteristics of the capsule material. The adjusted safety check prevents capsule material shear damage caused by exceeding the safe speed from the root cause, maximizing the protection of folic acid from oxidation.

[0121] The following description is based on specific embodiments.

[0122] Example 1 1) Prepare raw materials (by total weight 100%): corn 60%, wheat middlings 5%, soybean meal 21%, fermented soybean meal 3%, limestone powder 6%, dicalcium phosphate 1.0%, salt 0.25%, folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens 0.4%, microencapsulated crystalline folic acid 0.0003%, betaine 0.35%, vitamin C 0.015%.

[0123] 2) After drying corn, soybean meal, and fermented soybean meal at 60℃ for 4 hours, they were pulverized to 80 mesh to obtain pulverized corn, pulverized soybean meal, and pulverized fermented soybean meal.

[0124] 3) Take 10% of the total amount of crushed corn and microencapsulated crystalline folic acid and put them into a premixer for 15 minutes. Then add betaine and vitamin C and continue to premix for 10 minutes to obtain a compound premix.

[0125] 4) Put the remaining amount of crushed corn, crushed soybean meal, crushed fermented soybean meal, stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens and compound premix into the main mixer with a jacketed cooling structure and speed control unit. After starting the main mixer, collect the cavity temperature data through infrared sensors and detect the coefficient of variation of folic acid content through multi-point sampling.

[0126] 5) Based on the characteristics of the capsule material for microencapsulated crystalline folic acid (capsule material softening temperature threshold 55℃, capsule material shear strength threshold 15Pa), the following steps were followed for regulation: the cooling control gradient was matched according to the cavity temperature data, and the flow rate of the jacket cooling medium (cooling water) was adjusted to 25L / min; the rotation speed limit level was matched according to the folic acid content variation coefficient data (initial variation coefficient 8%), and the rotation speed was adjusted to 45r / min in 5r / min increments within the suitable rotation speed range of 30-60r / min. After mixing for 30min, the mixture was obtained.

[0127] 6) The mixture is fed into a cooling and dehumidification device and treated for 2 hours at 25℃ and relative humidity ≤60% to obtain a cooled material.

[0128] 7) The folic acid content of the cooling feed was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to obtain folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed.

[0129] Example 2 1) Prepare raw materials (by total weight 100%): corn 59%, wheat middlings 7%, soybean meal 19%, fermented soybean meal 4%, limestone powder 5%, dicalcium phosphate 1.1%, salt 0.2%, folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens 0.5%, microencapsulated crystalline folic acid 0.0004%, betaine 0.3%, vitamin C 0.02%.

[0130] 2) After drying corn, soybean meal, and fermented soybean meal at a low temperature of 55℃ for 5 hours, they were pulverized to 70 mesh to obtain pulverized corn, pulverized soybean meal, and pulverized fermented soybean meal.

[0131] 3) Take 8% of the total amount of crushed corn and microencapsulated crystalline folic acid and put them into a premixer and premix for 20 minutes. Then add betaine and vitamin C and continue to premix for 12 minutes to obtain the compound premix.

[0132] 4) Put the remaining raw materials and compound premix into the main mixer together. After starting, collect the chamber temperature data and folic acid content variation coefficient data simultaneously.

[0133] 5) Based on the characteristics of the capsule material (the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material is 53℃, and the shear strength threshold of the capsule material is 14Pa), the following steps are followed to control the flow rate: the cooling medium flow rate is matched with the second cooling control gradient to 28L / min; the coefficient of variation of folic acid content is initially 9%, the speed range is adapted to 30-58r / min, and the speed is adjusted to 48r / min in 5r / min increments. After mixing for 35min, the mixture is obtained.

[0134] 6) Cool the mixture at 23℃ and relative humidity ≤58% for 2.5 hours to obtain the cooled material.

[0135] 7) The folic acid content in the cooling feed was determined by HPLC to obtain folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed.

[0136] Example 3 1) Prepare raw materials (by total weight 100%): corn 62%, wheat middlings 4%, soybean meal 23%, fermented soybean meal 2%, limestone powder 7%, dicalcium phosphate 0.9%, salt 0.3%, folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens 0.3%, microencapsulated crystalline folic acid 0.0002%, betaine 0.4%, vitamin C 0.01%.

[0137] 2) After drying corn, soybean meal, and fermented soybean meal at a low temperature of 65℃ for 3 hours, they were pulverized to 90 mesh to obtain pulverized corn, pulverized soybean meal, and pulverized fermented soybean meal.

[0138] 3) Take 12% of the total amount of crushed corn and microencapsulated crystalline folic acid and put them into a premixer for 12 minutes. Then add betaine and vitamin C and continue to premix for 8 minutes to obtain a compound premix.

[0139] 4) Put the remaining raw materials and compound premix into the main mixer together. After starting, collect the chamber temperature data and folic acid content variation coefficient data simultaneously.

[0140] 5) Based on the characteristics of the capsule material (the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material is 56℃, and the shear strength threshold of the capsule material is 16Pa), the following steps are followed to control the flow rate: the cooling medium flow rate is matched to the first cooling control gradient to 18L / min; the coefficient of variation of folic acid content is initially 6%, the speed range is adapted to 30-62r / min, and the speed is adjusted to 42r / min in 5r / min increments. After mixing for 28min, the mixture is obtained.

[0141] 6) Cool the mixture at 26℃ and relative humidity ≤62% for 1.5 hours to obtain the cooled material.

[0142] 7) The folic acid content in the cooling feed was determined by HPLC to obtain folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed.

[0143] Comparative Example 1 1) Preparation of raw materials: Except for the absence of microencapsulated crystalline folic acid, the types and weight percentages of the other raw materials are the same as in Example 1.

[0144] 2) Production steps: exactly the same as in Example 1 (including cooling control and speed control steps).

[0145] 3) The final product is a laying hen feed without any additional folic acid.

[0146] Comparative Example 2 1) Prepare raw materials: exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0147] 2) Production steps: Steps S100, S200, S300, S500, and S600 are the same as in Example 1; in step S400, only the main mixer is started for conventional mixing (no flow rate regulation of the cooling medium in the jacket cooling structure is performed, and natural heat dissipation is used; no speed regulation is performed, and the mixing is done at a fixed speed of 45 r / min for 30 min).

[0148] 3) Obtain the control feed for laying hens.

[0149] Comparative Example 3 1) Preparation of raw materials: exactly the same as in Example 1, except that the microencapsulated crystalline folic acid is replaced with ordinary crystalline folic acid (unencapsulated).

[0150] 2) Production steps: exactly the same as in Example 1 (including cooling control and speed control steps).

[0151] 3) Obtain the control feed for laying hens.

[0152] Comparative Example 4 1) Prepare raw materials: exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0153] 2) Production steps: The traditional feed mixing process is adopted, without premixing (all raw materials are directly put into the main mixer), without S400 cooling and speed control (mixing at a fixed speed of 50r / min for 30min, with natural heat dissipation), and the remaining steps (drying, crushing, cooling and dehumidification, and testing) are the same as in Example 1.

[0154] 3) Obtain the control feed for laying hens.

[0155] The following performance tests were conducted on the folic acid-rich eggs produced by the laying hen feeds prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 above, and by laying hens fed with these feeds (healthy Lohmann Brown laying hens were selected, with 30 hens per group, a feeding period of 30 days, and the feed intake of the laying hens was uniformly controlled at 120g / hen / day): 1. Testing Method 1) Folic acid retention rate in laying hen feed: The actual folic acid content in the finished laying hen feed was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and compared with the theoretical amount of microencapsulated crystalline folic acid added in the formula to calculate the retention rate (folic acid retention rate = actual folic acid content in finished feed / theoretical amount added × 100%).

[0156] 2) Uniformity of folic acid content in laying hen feed: 10 samples (50g each) were randomly selected from each batch of finished laying hen feed, and the folic acid content was detected by HPLC. The coefficient of variation (CV) of folic acid content was calculated. The smaller the coefficient of variation, the better the uniformity.

[0157] 3) Folic acid content in eggs: 10 eggs were randomly selected from each group, the shells and egg whites were removed, the yolks were taken and homogenized, and the folic acid content in the yolks was detected by HPLC. The average value of the results was taken.

[0158] 2. Test Results The tests were conducted in a constant temperature and humidity laboratory (temperature 25±2℃, relative humidity 50±5%). All tests were performed in triplicate, and the results were taken as mean ± standard deviation. The specific data are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 As shown in Table 1, the laying hen feeds and corresponding folic acid-containing eggs of Examples 1-3 of this application are significantly superior to the respective ratios in terms of core performance indicators. The specific analysis is as follows: 1) Folic acid retention rate: The folic acid retention rates of Examples 1-3 all reached over 90%, with the highest reaching 93.1%, while the retention rates of Comparative Example 2 (no cooling and speed control), Comparative Example 3 (ordinary folic acid replaced with microencapsulated folic acid), and Comparative Example 4 (traditional process) were only 65.3%~72.4%. This is because in the technical solution of this application, the microencapsulation structure physically protects folic acid from the influence of the external environment. At the same time, the cooling control of the S400 step effectively prevents folic acid leakage and oxidation caused by softening of the capsule material, and the speed control reduces shearing damage to the capsule material. The three factors work together to ensure a high folic acid retention rate.

[0159] 2) Folic acid content uniformity: The coefficient of variation of folic acid content in Examples 1-3 was ≤2.7%, while the coefficients of variation of Comparative Examples 2 and 4 reached 4.8% and 5.6%, respectively. This is due to the premixing step (premixing a small amount of folic acid with some corn to avoid excessively high local concentrations) and the speed control step (dynamically adjusting the speed according to the coefficient of variation of folic acid content to ensure uniform mixing), which solves the problem of uneven mixing caused by insufficient folic acid addition in traditional processes.

[0160] 3) Folic acid content in eggs: The folic acid content in the eggs from Examples 1-3 all reached above 0.88 μg / g yolk, while the content in each comparative example (except for Comparative Example 1, which did not contain folic acid) was ≤0.55 μg / g yolk. This result directly reflects the practical application value of high folic acid retention rate and uniformity in laying hen feed—the improved absorption efficiency of folic acid by laying hens ultimately translates into a significant increase in the folic acid content in eggs, realizing the core product characteristic of folic acid eggs.

[0161] In summary, the folic acid-enriched egg-laying hen feed and its preparation method provided in this application, through scientific raw material ratios, premixing processes, and cooling and speed control based on the characteristics of microencapsulated folic acid materials, effectively solves the problems of easy oxidation and loss of folic acid, uneven mixing, and insufficient folic acid enrichment in eggs in traditional folic acid feeds. It significantly improves the quality of laying hen feed and the product value of folic acid-enriched eggs, and has clear technological advancement and practical application significance.

[0162] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed, characterized in that, Based on the total weight of the folic acid-rich egg-containing laying hen feed (100%), it includes the following components by weight percentage: Corn, 59-62%; Wheat flour, 4~7%; Soybean meal, 19-23%; Fermented soybean meal, 2-4%; Stone powder, 5-7%; Dicalcium phosphate, 0.9~1.1%; Salt, 0.2-0.3%; Folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens, 0.3-0.5%; Microencapsulated crystalline folic acid, 0.0002~0.0004%; Betaine, 0.3~0.4%; Vitamin C, 0.01~0.02%.

2. A method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based feed for laying hens, characterized in that, Applied to a feed processing system, the feed processing system including a main mixer, the main mixer including a jacketed cooling structure and a speed control unit, the method includes: Corn, soybean meal, and fermented soybean meal were dried at low temperature and then pulverized separately to obtain pulverized corn, pulverized soybean meal, and pulverized fermented soybean meal. After premixing the pulverized corn with microencapsulated crystalline folic acid, betaine and vitamin C are added and the mixture is further premixed to obtain a compound premix. The remaining amount of the crushed corn, the crushed soybean meal, the crushed fermented soybean meal, stone powder, dicalcium phosphate, salt, folic acid-free compound amino acid premix for laying hens, and the compound premix are put into the main mixer. After starting the main mixer, the folic acid content variation coefficient data of the materials in the main mixer and the cavity temperature data of the main mixer are obtained simultaneously. Based on the characteristics of the microencapsulated crystalline folic acid capsule material, the flow rate of the cooling medium in the jacket cooling structure is adjusted according to the cavity temperature data. Combined with the cavity temperature data and the folic acid content variation coefficient data, the speed control unit is used to adjust the speed of the main mixer to obtain a mixture after mixing. The mixture is cooled and dehumidified to obtain a cooled material; The folic acid content of the cooling material was tested to obtain folic acid-rich egg-laying hen feed.

3. The method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based chicken feed as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The method of adjusting the cooling medium flow rate of the jacket cooling structure based on the characteristics of the microencapsulated crystalline folic acid capsule material, according to the cavity temperature data, and controlling the speed control unit to adjust the speed of the main mixer in conjunction with the cavity temperature data and the folic acid content variation coefficient data, includes: Based on the characteristics of the capsule material for microencapsulating crystalline folic acid, the softening temperature threshold and shear strength threshold of the capsule material were determined. By comparing the cavity temperature data with the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material and correlating the folic acid content variation coefficient data with the shear strength threshold of the capsule material, a coupled analysis was performed to obtain the cooling medium flow rate control value and the rotation speed control value. The cooling medium flow rate of the jacket cooling structure is adjusted according to the cooling medium flow rate control value, and the speed control unit is controlled to adjust the speed of the main mixer according to the speed control value.

4. The method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based chicken feed as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The process of comparing the cavity temperature data with the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material and correlating the folic acid content coefficient of variation data with the shear strength threshold of the capsule material for coupled analysis includes: Based on the comparison between the cavity temperature data and the softening temperature threshold of the capsule material, the cooling control priority is mapped. Based on the correlation between the folic acid content variation coefficient data and the shear strength threshold of the capsule material, the rotation speed limit level is mapped. Based on the correlation between the cooling control priority and the speed limit level, the weights of the cooling control priority and the speed limit level are dynamically adjusted.

5. The method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based chicken feed as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The step of dynamically adjusting the weights of the cooling control priority and the speed limit level based on the correlation between the cooling control priority and the speed limit level includes: The relationship between the cooling control priority and the speed limit level is divided into three states: coordinated, conflicting, and balanced. The coordinated state is when the cooling control priority and the speed limit level have the same demand direction. The conflicting state is when the cooling control priority prioritizes cooling and the speed limit level allows high speed. The balanced state is when both the cooling control priority and the speed limit level are at a moderate level. The preset weight control rules for microencapsulated crystalline folic acid are invoked. The weight control rules include a balance enhancement weight rule that corresponds one-to-one with the synergistic state, the conflict state, and the equilibrium state, a priority weight rule that prioritizes cooling control and reduces the speed limit level, and a basic proportional weight rule based on the softening and shear resistance characteristics of the capsule material. Based on the cooperative state, the conflict state, the equilibrium state, and the weighting control rules, the weights of the cooling control priority and the speed limit level are dynamically adjusted.

6. The method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based laying hen feed as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based laying hen feed includes setting a basic weighting rule based on the softening properties and shear resistance of the bursa material. This setting of the basic weighting rule based on the softening properties and shear resistance of the bursa material includes: Obtain the softening temperature threshold and the shear strength threshold of the capsule material; Based on the softening characteristics and shear resistance characteristics of the bag material, the correlation trend between the softening temperature threshold of the bag material, the shear strength threshold of the bag material, the cooling control priority weight, and the rotation speed limit level weight is determined; Based on the aforementioned correlation trend, the parameter configuration for forming the basic proportional weighting rule is solidified.

7. The method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based chicken feed as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step of dynamically adjusting the weights of the cooling control priority and the speed limit level based on the cooperative state, the conflict state, the equilibrium state, and the weight control rules includes: Identify the cooperative state, conflicting state, or balanced state corresponding to the current association between the cooling control priority and the speed limit level; If it is a conflict state, according to the rule of prioritizing the increase of cooling control priority and reducing the weight of speed limit level, the weight of cooling control priority is increased first, and the weight of speed limit level is reduced simultaneously; if it is a cooperative state, the weight of cooling control priority and the weight of speed limit level are increased equally according to the rule of equalizing the increase of weight; if it is a balanced state, the weight of cooling control priority and the weight of speed limit level are finely adjusted and calibrated according to the basic proportional weight rule based on the softening characteristics and shear resistance characteristics of the capsule material. The adjusted cooling control priority weight and speed limit level weight are compared with the preset material safety weight range. If they meet the preset material safety weight range, the adjustment is confirmed; otherwise, the adjustment is reverted to the preset material safety weight range.

8. The method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based chicken feed as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of regulating the cooling medium flow rate of the jacket cooling structure according to the cooling medium flow rate regulation value includes: Based on the softening temperature threshold of the packaging material, a first cooling control gradient, a second cooling control gradient, and a third cooling control gradient are defined. The first cooling control gradient is a gradient lower than the softening temperature threshold of the packaging material. The second cooling control gradient is a gradient whose difference from the softening temperature threshold of the packaging material is within a preset difference range. The third cooling control gradient is a gradient that exceeds the softening temperature threshold of the packaging material. The first cooling control gradient, the second cooling control gradient, and the third cooling control gradient correspond one-to-one with the first preset cooling medium flow range, the second preset cooling medium flow range, and the third preset cooling medium flow range, respectively. According to the cooling medium flow rate control value, match the corresponding first cooling control gradient, second cooling control gradient or third cooling control gradient, and adjust the cooling medium input rate of the jacket cooling structure according to the first preset cooling medium flow rate range, second preset cooling medium flow rate range or third preset cooling medium flow rate range corresponding to the matched first cooling control gradient, second cooling control gradient or third cooling control gradient. The outlet medium temperature of the jacket cooling structure is acquired in real time, and the cooling medium flow rate is calibrated based on the deviation between the outlet medium temperature and the softening temperature threshold of the jacket material.

9. The method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based chicken feed as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of controlling the speed control unit to adjust the speed of the main mixer according to the speed control value includes: Based on the shear strength threshold of the bag material, the upper limit of the safe speed and the suitable speed range of the main mixer are defined, and the maximum value of the suitable speed range does not exceed the upper limit of the safe speed. According to the speed control value, within the suitable speed range, the speed control unit is controlled to adjust the speed of the main mixer in a stepwise manner with a preset step size, and the single adjustment range of the speed is controlled not to exceed the preset range. The motor load signal of the main mixer is acquired in real time, and the load fluctuation is determined based on the motor load signal to determine whether it exceeds the preset range; If the load fluctuation exceeds the preset range, the rotation speed is finely adjusted based on the shear resistance characteristics of the capsule material to stabilize the load.

10. The method for preparing folic acid-rich egg-based chicken feed as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The fine-tuning of the rotational speed based on the shear resistance characteristics of the capsule material includes: The correspondence between the load fluctuation amplitude and the speed fine-tuning amplitude of the main mixer, established based on the shear strength threshold of the bag material, is retrieved. The larger the load fluctuation amplitude and the lower the shear strength threshold of the bag material, the larger the corresponding speed fine-tuning amplitude. Based on the real-time determined load fluctuation amplitude, the speed of the main mixer is adjusted according to the speed fine-tuning amplitude in the corresponding relationship, and the adjusted speed does not exceed the safe speed limit.

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