Light-absorbing material, optical film, and electronic device

Abstract

The invention discloses a light absorbing material, an optical film and electronic equipment. The light-absorbing material has a structure as shown in a general formula (1): (1), wherein R is selected from substituted or unsubstituted aryl with the carbon atom number of 6 to 30; m is selected from divalent metal atoms; according to the invention, heteroatoms are introduced into a porphyrin framework to break the planar configuration of the porphyrin framework, so that the interaction between molecules is weakened, the solubility and dispersity of the light-absorbing material are improved, and the processability and the material stability of the light-absorbing material can be further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical technology, specifically to a light-absorbing material, an optical film, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Porphyrins are a class of organic molecules with large π-conjugated structures that exhibit strong absorption characteristics in the blue light band. Therefore, they have been widely studied as blue light absorbing materials and have important application prospects in fields such as organic optoelectronics, photodynamic therapy, sensors, and dyes.

[0003] However, due to the highly planar rigid structure of porphyrin molecules and the strong intermolecular π-π stacking interaction, they are prone to aggregation in common organic solvents or polymer matrices, resulting in a significant decrease in solubility, which in turn affects their processing performance and material stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a light-absorbing material, an optical film, and an electronic device, which can improve the solubility of the light-absorbing material, enhance its processing performance, and improve its material stability.

[0005] This application provides a light-absorbing material having a structure as shown in general formula (1): (1); Wherein, R is selected from an aromatic group having 6 to 30 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms; M is selected from divalent metal atoms.

[0006] In one embodiment of this application, R is selected from substituted or unsubstituted phenyl groups.

[0007] In one embodiment of this application, in R, the substituent in the substituted or unsubstituted form is selected from alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0008] In one embodiment of this application, R is selected from phenyl groups substituted with at least one methyl group.

[0009] In one embodiment of this application, M is selected from Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn.

[0010] In one embodiment of this application, the light-absorbing material is selected from at least one of the following compounds: , , , , , , .

[0011] In one embodiment of this application, the peak wavelength of the absorption spectrum of the light-absorbing material is greater than or equal to 428 nm and less than or equal to 441 nm; And / or, the half-width at half maximum (WHM) of the absorption spectrum of the light-absorbing material is greater than or equal to 12 nm and less than or equal to 15 nm.

[0012] In one embodiment of this application, the solubility of the light-absorbing material in an organic solvent is greater than or equal to 5 mmol / L; The organic solvent includes at least one of cyclohexane, xylene, ethyl acetate, and N,N-dimethylformamide.

[0013] In accordance with the above-mentioned objectives of this application, embodiments of this application also provide an optical film in which the light-absorbing material described above is distributed.

[0014] In accordance with the above-mentioned objectives of this application, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, the electronic device comprising the light-absorbing material as described above, or the electronic device comprising the optical film as described above.

[0015] This application provides a light-absorbing material, an optical film, and an electronic device. By introducing heteroatoms (sulfur atoms) into the porphyrin structure to break its planar configuration, the intermolecular interactions are weakened, the solubility and dispersibility of the light-absorbing material are improved, and the processing performance and material stability of the light-absorbing material can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A top view of the configuration diagram of the light-absorbing material in Embodiment 1 provided in this application; Figure 2 A side view of the configuration diagram of the light-absorbing material in Embodiment 1 of this application is provided; Figure 3 The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of the light-absorbing material in Example 1 provided in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical film provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing direction in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device. In this application, "optionally," "optionally," and "optional" mean that they are optional, that is, they are selected from either "with" or "without" parallel solutions. If multiple "optional" options appear in a technical solution, unless otherwise specified and there is no contradiction or mutual constraint relationship, each "optional" option is independent. In this application, the technical features described in an open-ended manner include both closed technical solutions consisting of the listed features and open technical solutions that include the listed features.

[0019] In this application, aromatic groups, aromatic families, and aromatic ring systems have the same meaning and can be used interchangeably.

[0020] In this application, "substitution" means that the hydrogen atom in the substituent is replaced by the substituent.

[0021] In this application, when the same substituent appears multiple times, it can be independently selected from different groups. If the general formula contains multiple R, then R can be independently selected from different groups.

[0022] In this application, "substituted or unsubstituted" means that the defined group may or may not be substituted. When the defined group is substituted, it should be understood that the defined group can be substituted by one or more substituents, which are selected from, but not limited to: deuterium, cyano, isocyano, nitro or halogen, alkyl containing 1-20 carbon atoms, heterocyclic group containing 3-20 ring atoms, aromatic group containing 6-20 ring atoms, heteroaromatic group containing 5-20 ring atoms, -NR'R'', silyl, carbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, halocarbamoyl, etc. Formyl, isocyanate, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, hydroxyl, trifluoromethyl, and the above groups may be further substituted by substituents acceptable in the art; it is understood that R' and R'' in -NR'R'' are independently selected from, but not limited to: H, deuterium, cyano, isocyano, nitro or halogen, alkyl containing 1-10 carbon atoms, heterocyclic group containing 3-20 ring atoms, aromatic group containing 6-20 ring atoms, and heteroaromatic group containing 5-20 ring atoms. Preferably, R is selected from, but not limited to: deuterium, cyano, isocyano, nitro or halogen, alkyl containing 1-10 carbon atoms, heterocyclic group containing 3-10 ring atoms, aromatic group containing 6-20 ring atoms, heteroaromatic group containing 5-20 ring atoms, silyl, carbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, halocarbamoyl, formyl, isocyanate group, thiocyanate group, isothiocyanate group, hydroxyl, trifluoromethyl, and the above groups may also be further substituted with substituents acceptable in the art.

[0023] In this application, "aryl or aromatic group" refers to an aromatic hydrocarbon group derived from an aromatic ring compound by removing one hydrogen atom. It can be a monocyclic aryl, a fused-ring aryl, or a polycyclic aryl. For polycyclic rings, at least one ring is an aromatic ring system. Suitable examples include, but are not limited to: phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, perylene, tetraphenyl, fluorenyl, dinaphthylphenyl, acenaphthyl, and their derivatives. It is understood that multiple aryl groups can also be interrupted by short non-aromatic units (e.g., <10% non-H atoms, such as C, N, or O atoms), specifically acenaphthyl, fluorene, or 9,9'-diarylfluorene, triarylamines, and diaryl ether systems should also be included in the definition of aryl.

[0024] In this application, "alkyl" can mean straight-chain, branched, and / or cyclic alkyl. The number of carbon atoms in an alkyl group can be 1 to 50, 1 to 30, 1 to 20, 1 to 10, or 1 to 6. Phrases containing this term, such as "C 1-9"Alkyl" refers to an alkyl group containing 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and each time it appears, it can independently be C1 alkyl, C2 alkyl, C3 alkyl, C4 alkyl, C5 alkyl, C6 alkyl, C7 alkyl, C8 alkyl, or C9 alkyl. Non-limiting examples of alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert-butyl... Pentyl, cyclopentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2-ethylpentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylhexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2-butylhexyl, cyclohexyl, 4-methylcyclohexyl, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl, n-heptyl, 1-methylheptyl, 2,2-dimethylheptyl, 2-ethylheptyl, 2-butylheptyl, n-octyl, tert-octyl, 2-ethyloctyl, 2-butyloctyl, 2-hexyloctyl, 3 7-Dimethyloctyl, cyclooctyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, adamantyl, 2-ethyldecyl, 2-butyldecyl, 2-hexyldecyl, 2-octyldecyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, 2-ethyldodecyl, 2-butyldodecyl, 2-hexyldodecyl, 2-octyldodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecanyl, n-hexadecyl, 2-ethylhexadecyl, 2-butylhexadecyl, 2-hexylhexadecyl, 2-octylhexadecyl, n-hepta ...

[0025] In this application, when no linking site is specified in the group, it means that any linkable site in the group is selected as the linking site.

[0026] This application provides a light-absorbing material having a structure as shown in general formula (1): (1); Wherein, R is selected from an aromatic group having 6 to 30 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms; M is selected from divalent metal atoms.

[0027] In the implementation and application process, the embodiments of this application introduce heteroatoms (sulfur atoms) into the porphyrin architecture to break its planar configuration, thereby weakening the intermolecular interactions and improving the solubility and dispersibility of the light-absorbing material; thus, the processing performance and material stability of the light-absorbing material can be improved.

[0028] Specifically, in the light-absorbing material shown in general formula (1), by replacing the two para-meso carbon atoms of the porphyrin parent with sulfur atoms, structural deplanarization is achieved at the molecular level. This structural modification not only effectively inhibits the close packing between molecules and enhances its solubility in common organic solvents, but also retains the absorption capacity of porphyrin in the blue light region, thereby enabling the light-absorbing material provided in the embodiments of this application to be applied in various light-emitting devices and display panels.

[0029] In some embodiments, R is selected from an aromatic group having 6 to 25 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms; further, R is selected from an aromatic group having 6 to 20 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms; more preferably, R is selected from an aromatic group having 6 to 12 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms.

[0030] In some embodiments, R is selected from substituted or unsubstituted phenyl groups.

[0031] In some embodiments, in the light-absorbing material represented by general formula (1), in R, the substituents in the substituted or unsubstituted form are selected from alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; it is understood that if the carbon chain of the alkyl group is too long, the light-absorbing material will be too soluble, resulting in greater material loss when the light-absorbing material is purified, and the light-absorbing material will be more likely to be viscous and oily rather than powdery, which is not conducive to weighing.

[0032] It is understandable that R contains an alkyl group, and alkyl chains can increase the solubility of light-absorbing materials, thereby further improving the solubility and dispersibility of light-absorbing materials in organic solvents. In addition, if R only contains an alkyl group, the raw material is generally R1-CHO, where R1 is an alkyl chain. The corresponding commercially available compounds for this raw material are limited, which is not conducive to cost reduction and efficiency improvement. However, if it is a "carbon chain-benzene ring-dithioporphyrin" structure, the structure can be modified more. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, a phenyl group is added to R, which allows for more choices in the process and is more conducive to the preparation of light-absorbing materials and cost control.

[0033] In some embodiments, in R, the substituents in the substituted or unsubstituted form are selected from at least one of methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, and hexyl.

[0034] It should be noted that in the light-absorbing material shown in general formula (1), the number of alkyl groups substituted on the phenyl group can be one or more, and the maximum number of alkyl groups substituted on the phenyl group is the upper limit of the number of linkage sites on the phenyl group. For example, the number of alkyl groups substituted on the phenyl group can be 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

[0035] In some embodiments, R is selected from phenyl groups substituted with at least one methyl group.

[0036] In some embodiments, M is selected from Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn.

[0037] In some embodiments, the light-absorbing material is selected from any one of the following compounds: , , , , , , .

[0038] In some embodiments, the light-absorbing material provided in this application can absorb blue light. Therefore, the peak wavelength of the absorption spectrum of the light-absorbing material is greater than or equal to 428 nm and less than or equal to 441 nm.

[0039] In some embodiments, the half-width at half maximum (WHM) of the absorption spectrum of the light-absorbing material is greater than or equal to 12 nm and less than or equal to 15 nm.

[0040] It is understood that, based on the peak wavelength and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the absorption spectrum of the light-absorbing material, the light-absorbing material provided in this application embodiment has strong absorption in the blue light region.

[0041] In some embodiments, the light-absorbing material has a solubility in an organic solvent greater than or equal to 5 mmol / L; wherein the organic solvent includes at least one of cyclohexane, xylene, ethyl acetate, and N,N-dimethylformamide.

[0042] As mentioned above, the light-absorbing material provided in this application embodiment can be used in various light-emitting devices and display panels. Specifically, it can be used to filter harmful short-wavelength blue light, reduce blue light hazards, achieve adjustable color temperature, improve visual comfort, adjust color coordinates, improve color purity, improve contrast, and improve display color performance.

[0043] Furthermore, this application embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned light-absorbing material, and the synthesis route of the light-absorbing material is shown below: .

[0044] Specifically, the method for preparing the light-absorbing material includes the following steps: Step 1: The halogenated groups on methylene dipyrrole react with sodium sulfide to form a ring, thus forming the dithioporphyrin parent structure.

[0045] In some embodiments, in the first step of the above synthetic route, the solvent can be N,N-dimethylformamide, and the reaction temperature is 100–120°C.

[0046] Step 2: Dithiaporphyrin reacts with the chloride or acetate of the corresponding metal to generate the final metallized dithiaporphyrin compound.

[0047] In some embodiments, in the second step of the above synthetic route, the solvent may be a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol, or a mixture of chloroform and methanol.

[0048] Specifically, the preparation method of the light-absorbing material will be described in detail below, taking into account the specific structure of the light-absorbing material.

[0049] Synthesis of dithioporphyrin parent compounds in Examples 1 and 2:

[0050] 2,2'-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methylene-5,5'-dibromo-dipyrrole (5.6 mmol), sodium sulfide nonahydrate (8.4 mmol), and N,N-dimethylformamide (150 mL) were added to a reaction flask. The reaction flask was evacuated and filled with nitrogen three times. The reaction solution was heated to 100°C and reacted for 48 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was cooled, and a methanol / water mixture was added to precipitate the product. After filtration and drying, a red powder product was obtained with a yield of 70%.

[0051] The product was subjected to 1H NMR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The results are as follows: 1H NMR spectrum 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 400 HMz): 13.00 (s, 2H), 6.90 (s, 4H), 6.31 (d,4H), 6.25 (d, 4H), 2.33 (s, 6H), 2.11 (s, 12H).

[0052] Mass spectrometry (MS): 585.2145 [M+H] + ].

[0053] Elemental analysis: Elem. Ana.: C 73.80, H 5.57, N 9.57.

[0054] Based on the above test results, the product can be confirmed as a dithioporphyrin parent compound.

[0055] Next, the desired light-absorbing material is further prepared based on the dithioporphyrin parent material.

[0056] Example 1 The structural formula of light-absorbing material X1 is:

[0057] The synthesis process of light-absorbing material X1 is as follows: Dithiaporphyrin precursor (1.85 mmol) and copper chloride (18.5 mmol) were mixed in a reaction flask, which was then evacuated and filled with nitrogen three times. Dichloromethane (100 mL) and methanol (100 mL) were added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was then concentrated, and the crude product was separated by silica gel column chromatography to obtain a red powder product with a yield of 93%.

[0058] The obtained product was subjected to mass spectrometry and elemental analysis, and the results are as follows: Mass spectrometry (MS): 645.1208 [M] + ].

[0059] Elemental analysis: Elem. Ana.: C 66.90, H 4.69, N 8.68.

[0060] Based on the above test results, the product can be confirmed as light-absorbing material X1.

[0061] Example 2 The structural formula of light-absorbing material X2 is:

[0062] The synthesis method and reaction dosage of light-absorbing material X2 are the same as in Example 1; correspondingly, the reaction raw material is changed from copper chloride to zinc chloride, and the product is a red powder with a yield of 90%.

[0063] The product obtained in Example 2 was subjected to 1H NMR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The results are as follows: 1H NMR spectrum 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 400 HMz): 6.86 (s, 4H), 6.27 (d, 4H), 6.08 (d,4H), 2.32 (s, 6H), 2.11 (s, 12H).

[0064] Mass spectrometry (MS): 646.1201 [M] + ]. Elemental analysis: Elem. Ana.: C 66.71, H 4.69, N 8.65.

[0065] Based on the above test results, the product can be confirmed as light-absorbing material X2.

[0066] Furthermore, in this application, molecular configuration simulation calculations, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy tests, and solubility tests were performed on the light-absorbing materials in Examples 1 and 2, respectively.

[0067] 1. Molecular configuration simulation calculation: Taking the light-absorbing material X1 in Example 1 as an example, its molecular configuration was obtained through simulation calculations. The results are shown below. Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,Depend on Figure 1 and Figure 2 As can be seen, the light-absorbing material has a non-planar configuration, exhibiting a V-shaped structure. This molecular configuration can effectively suppress intermolecular interactions, thereby improving solubility.

[0068] 2. Ultraviolet-Visible Absorption Spectroscopy Test: The light-absorbing material X1 from Example 1 was formulated into a 1×10⁻⁶ -6 The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of a xylene solution of mol / L was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (instrument model Shimidzu UV-2600).

[0069] See results Figure 3 And by Figure 3 It is known that the peak wavelength of the absorption spectrum of the light-absorbing material X1 is 435nm, and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the absorption spectrum of the light-absorbing material X1 is 13nm.

[0070] 3. Solubility test: 0.1 mmol of light-absorbing material X1 and 0.1 mmol of light-absorbing material X2 were placed in separate bottles, and solvent was gradually added to each until the material was completely dissolved. The materials were then classified according to their solubility.

[0071] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0072] Table 1

[0073] In Table 1, ○: ≥15mmol / L; △: 15–5mmol / L; ×: ≤5mmol / L.

[0074] As can be seen from Table 1, the embodiments of this application, by adding sulfur atoms to the light-absorbing material, make the molecule non-planar in configuration, which can effectively suppress intermolecular interactions and thus improve solubility. Moreover, the solubility of the light-absorbing material X1 in Example 1 and the light-absorbing material X2 in Example 2 in various organic solvents is no weaker than that of tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)copper porphyrin in the comparative example. Furthermore, in most organic solvents, the solubility of the light-absorbing material X1 in Example 1 and the light-absorbing material X2 in Example 2 is better than that of tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)copper porphyrin in the comparative example.

[0075] In summary, the embodiments of this application introduce heteroatoms (sulfur atoms) into the porphyrin architecture to break its planar configuration, thereby weakening intermolecular interactions and improving the solubility and dispersibility of the light-absorbing material. This, in turn, can improve the processing performance and material stability of the light-absorbing material. Furthermore, since the light-absorbing material has a strong absorption peak in the blue light band, it can be used in various light-emitting devices and display panels. Specifically, it can be used to filter harmful short-wavelength blue light, reduce blue light hazards, achieve adjustable color temperature, improve visual comfort, adjust color coordinates, enhance color purity, improve contrast, and improve display color performance.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 4 This application embodiment also provides an optical film 10, wherein the optical film 10 has light-absorbing material 11 distributed within it as described in the above embodiments.

[0077] The light-absorbing material 11 can be distributed in the optical film 10. Since the light-absorbing material 11 provided in this embodiment has good solubility and dispersibility, the distribution of the light-absorbing material 11 in the optical film 10 can be uniform, so that the optical film 10 has better and more uniform optical performance.

[0078] It should be noted that when the optical film 10 has different uses, the content range of the light-absorbing material 11 in the optical film 10 will vary, and it needs to be selected according to actual needs.

[0079] In some embodiments, when the light-absorbing material 11 is used as a functional light-absorbing material (typically used for selectively absorbing specific wavelengths, such as ultraviolet or blue light, or adjusting chromaticity) in an optical film, the content of the light-absorbing material 11 in the optical film 10 is low to ensure that the optical film 10 can have high light transmittance; the mass content of the light-absorbing material 11 in the optical film 10 can be from 0.01% to 5%, for example, it can be 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, or 5%.

[0080] In some embodiments, when the light-absorbing material 11 is used as a functional color compensation dye or a highly saturated colorant, the content of the light-absorbing material 11 in the optical film 10 can be higher; the mass content of the light-absorbing material 11 in the optical film 10 can be from 0.1% to 60%, for example, it can be 0.1%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% or 60%.

[0081] In other embodiments of this application, when the light-absorbing material 11 is used in other devices or structures, the content of the light-absorbing material 11 in the device or structure can also be selected according to actual needs, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0082] In some embodiments, the thickness of the optical film 10 may be greater than or equal to 3 micrometers and less than or equal to 6 micrometers, for example, it may be 3 micrometers, 3.5 micrometers, 4 micrometers, 4.5 micrometers, 5 micrometers, 5.5 micrometers or 6 micrometers.

[0083] In addition, this application embodiment also provides an electronic device, which includes the light-absorbing material as described in the above embodiments. For example, the electronic device includes a functional film layer, and the light-absorbing material is distributed in the functional film layer. The functional film layer may include an encapsulation layer, a color filter layer, a protective layer, a substrate layer, and other film layers.

[0084] Alternatively, the electronic device may include an optical film as described in the above embodiments.

[0085] In one specific embodiment of this application, the electronic device can be a diode light-emitting device, such as an organic light-emitting diode device, an inorganic light-emitting diode device, a quantum dot light-emitting diode device, etc.; the light-absorbing material can be distributed in the encapsulation layer of the diode light-emitting device, and can be used to filter out harmful short-wavelength blue light, improve device lifespan, reduce blue light hazards, achieve adjustable color temperature, improve visual comfort, adjust color coordinates, etc.

[0086] In addition, the electronic device can also be used in the encapsulation layer of solar cells to protect the cells and improve the environmental stability of the device.

[0087] In another specific embodiment of this application, the electronic device may also be a display panel, and the display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel or an organic light-emitting diode display panel.

[0088] When the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the display panel includes an array substrate and a color filter substrate disposed opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the array substrate and the opposing substrate, a first polarizer disposed on the side of the array substrate away from the opposing substrate, and a second polarizer disposed on the side of the opposing substrate away from the array substrate.

[0089] The array substrate includes a substrate and a thin-film transistor array layer disposed on the substrate. The thin-film transistor array layer includes multiple thin-film transistors, signal lines, electrode structures, etc. The multiple thin-film transistors, signal lines, and electrode structures can form multiple pixel driving circuits on the array substrate.

[0090] Meanwhile, the array substrate may also include multiple pixel electrodes disposed on the thin-film transistor array layer, and the multiple pixel electrodes may be connected to multiple pixel driving circuits to realize signal transmission.

[0091] Furthermore, a common electrode can also be formed on the array substrate.

[0092] In addition, the display panel also includes a color filter layer, which can be disposed on an array substrate or on an opposing substrate. For example, when the color filter layer is disposed on an opposing substrate, the opposing substrate is provided with a color filter layer and a common electrode layer located on one side of the color filter layer. The pixel electrode on the array substrate can form an electric field with the common electrode on the array substrate, or the pixel electrode on the array substrate can form an electric field with the common electrode layer on the opposing substrate. The electric field can be used to control the deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer.

[0093] In some embodiments, the color filter layer may include a plurality of color blocks and a light-shielding structure located between adjacent color blocks, and at least some of the color blocks may contain the light-absorbing material provided in the embodiments of this application, which can be used to improve color purity, improve contrast, and improve display color performance.

[0094] In some embodiments, the first polarizer and the second polarizer may also contain the light-absorbing material described in the embodiments of this application. For example, the light-absorbing material may be incorporated into the substrate layer and / or protective layer of the first polarizer and the second polarizer, which can then be used to filter out harmful short-wavelength blue light, improve device lifespan, reduce blue light hazards, achieve adjustable color temperature, improve visual comfort, and adjust color coordinates.

[0095] In some embodiments, the display panel may further include the optical film described in the above embodiments. For example, the optical film may be integrated into the first polarizer and / or the second polarizer, or the optical film may be attached to one side of the array substrate and / or one side of the opposing substrate. This can be used to filter out harmful short-wavelength blue light, improve device lifespan, reduce blue light hazards, achieve adjustable color temperature, improve visual comfort, and adjust color coordinates. No specific limitations are made here.

[0096] When the display panel is an organic light-emitting diode display panel, the display panel includes an array substrate and a plurality of light-emitting devices disposed on the array substrate.

[0097] In some embodiments, the array substrate includes a substrate and a thin-film transistor layer disposed on the substrate.

[0098] In some embodiments, the substrate can be a rigid substrate, such as a glass substrate; or, the substrate can be a flexible substrate, such as a substrate formed of polyimide. When the substrate is a flexible substrate, the substrate can be formed of multiple sub-substrates of the same material, such as polyimide, and adjacent sub-substrates are bonded together by adhesive sub-layers.

[0099] In some embodiments, the thin-film transistor layer includes a thin-film transistor, which includes a semiconductor located on a substrate. The semiconductor may be formed of polycrystalline silicon or a metal oxide (such as indium gallium zinc oxide). The semiconductor is divided into a channel region and source and drain regions formed on either side of the channel region. The thin-film transistor layer also includes a first gate insulating layer covering the semiconductor. The thin-film transistor also includes a first gate formed on the first gate insulating layer, overlapping the channel region. The first gate may be formed as multiple layers or a single layer comprising a low-resistance material such as Al, Ti, Mo, Cu, Ni, or alloys thereof, or a material with high corrosion resistance. The thin-film transistor layer also includes a second gate insulating layer covering the first gate. The thin-film transistor also includes a second gate located on the second gate insulating layer, overlapping the first gate. The second gate may be formed as multiple layers or a single layer comprising a low-resistance material such as Al, Ti, Mo, Cu, Ni, or alloys thereof, or a material with high corrosion resistance. The thin-film transistor layer also includes a first interlayer insulating layer formed on the second gate. The first interlayer insulating layer, the first gate insulating layer, and the second gate insulating layer include source contact holes and drain contact holes, and the source region and the drain region are exposed through the source contact holes and drain contact holes, respectively.

[0100] The thin-film transistor also includes a source and a drain disposed on the same layer. Both the source and drain are formed on the first interlayer insulating layer. The source is connected to the source region through a source contact hole, and the drain is connected to the drain region through a drain contact hole. The source and drain can be multiple layers or a single layer formed of low-resistance materials such as Al, Ti, Mo, Cu, Ni, or their alloys, or materials with high corrosion resistance. For example, the source and drain can be a triple layer of Ti / Cu / Ti, Ti / Ag / Ti, Ti / Al / Ti, or Mo / Al / Mo, or other single-layer or multi-layer structures.

[0101] In some embodiments, the thin-film transistor layer further includes at least one planarization layer located on the side of the first interlayer insulating layer away from the substrate, the at least one planarization layer covering the source and drain.

[0102] In some embodiments, a plurality of light-emitting devices may be disposed on a planarization layer, and the light-emitting devices may be connected to a source or a drain to achieve signal transmission.

[0103] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes a pixel definition layer disposed on a planarization layer, and the pixel definition layer may be used to space multiple light-emitting devices.

[0104] In some embodiments, the display panel may further include an encapsulation layer, which covers the side of the plurality of light-emitting devices away from the array substrate. The encapsulation layer may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer stacked together. The first and second inorganic encapsulation layers may be made of inorganic materials, such as silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and aluminum oxide, which can act as a barrier against water and oxygen. The organic encapsulation layer may be made of organic resin materials, such as acrylic resin and epoxy resin, which can improve flatness and buffer stress.

[0105] In some embodiments, the display panel may further include a touch layer disposed on the encapsulation layer.

[0106] In some embodiments, the display panel may further include a polarizer disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the array substrate, and at least a portion of the film layer in the polarizer may contain the light-absorbing material provided in the embodiments of this application, such as a substrate layer and / or a protective layer; or, the polarizer may integrate the optical film of the same type as in the embodiments of this application, which can then be used to filter out harmful short-wavelength blue light, improve device lifespan, reduce blue light hazards, achieve adjustable color temperature, improve visual comfort, and adjust color coordinates.

[0107] In some embodiments, the display panel may further include a cover plate disposed on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the light-emitting device, and the cover plate may protect the interior of the display panel. The optical film may be disposed on one side surface of the cover plate, thereby filtering out harmful short-wavelength blue light, improving device lifespan, reducing blue light hazards, achieving adjustable color temperature, improving visual comfort, and adjusting color coordinates.

[0108] In some embodiments, the display panel is a depolarizer structure. Specifically, the display panel may further include a color filter layer disposed on the encapsulation layer, and the color filter layer includes a plurality of color resist blocks and a light-shielding structure located between adjacent color resist blocks. At least some of the color resist blocks may contain the light-absorbing material provided in the embodiments of this application, which can be used to improve color purity, improve contrast, and improve display color performance.

[0109] In some embodiments, the display panel includes the optical film, which may be formed directly inside the display panel, for example, located on the encapsulation layer, or attached to the polarizer, without specific limitation.

[0110] In summary, the embodiments of this application introduce heteroatoms (sulfur atoms) into the porphyrin architecture to break its planar configuration, thereby weakening intermolecular interactions and improving the solubility and dispersibility of the light-absorbing material; thus, the processing performance and material stability of the light-absorbing material can be improved; therefore, the light-absorbing material can be used in various light-emitting devices and display panels, specifically for filtering harmful short-wavelength blue light, reducing blue light hazards, achieving adjustable color temperature, improving visual comfort, adjusting color coordinates, improving color purity, improving contrast, and improving display color performance.

[0111] In addition, this application embodiment also provides a display device, and the display device includes the electronic device as described in the above embodiments.

[0112] In some embodiments, the display device may be a mobile phone, computer, television, tablet, wearable device, or virtual reality display device, etc.

[0113] It is understood that since the display device has the same electronic device as the one described in the above embodiments, the display device has the same beneficial effects as the electronic device described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0114] The above provides a detailed description of a light-absorbing material, optical film, and electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A light-absorbing material, characterized in that, The light-absorbing material has a structure as shown in general formula (1): （1）； Wherein, R is selected from an aromatic group having 6 to 30 substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms; M is selected from divalent metal atoms.

2. The light-absorbing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, R is selected from substituted or unsubstituted phenyl groups.

3. The light-absorbing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In R, the substituents in the substituted or unsubstituted form are selected from alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

4. The light-absorbing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, R is selected from a phenyl group that has been substituted with at least one methyl group.

5. The light-absorbing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, M is selected from one of Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn.

6. The light-absorbing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-absorbing material is selected from at least one of the following compounds: 、 、 、 、 、 、 。 7. The light-absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The peak wavelength of the absorption spectrum of the light-absorbing material is greater than or equal to 428 nm and less than or equal to 441 nm. And / or, the half-width at half maximum (WHM) of the absorption spectrum of the light-absorbing material is greater than or equal to 12 nm and less than or equal to 15 nm.

8. The light-absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The light-absorbing material has a solubility in an organic solvent greater than or equal to 5 mmol / L; The organic solvent includes at least one of cyclohexane, xylene, ethyl acetate, and N,N-dimethylformamide.

9. An optical film, characterized in that, The optical film contains a light-absorbing material as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a light-absorbing material as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, or the electronic device includes an optical film as described in claim 9.

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