Bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method and system based on energy storage

Abstract

The invention discloses a bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control system based on energy storage. The system comprises an input sampling module, a feedforward control module, a PWM modulation module and a power conversion module. The input sampling module is used for acquiring an input voltage and an output voltage in real time, processing the input voltage and the output voltage acquired in real time to obtain a processed input voltage and a processed output voltage, and transmitting the processed input voltage and the processed output voltage to the feedforward control module; the feedforward control module is used for generating a duty ratio correction signal according to the change of the processed input voltage and output voltage and transmitting the duty ratio correction signal to the PWM modulator; the PWM module is used for receiving the duty ratio correction signal, generating a corrected duty ratio signal and transmitting the corrected duty ratio signal to the power conversion module; and the power conversion module is used for outputting voltage according to the corrected duty ratio signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electronic technology, specifically relating to a bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method and system based on energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] In energy storage systems and various precision electronic devices, voltage stability directly affects the performance and safe operation of the equipment. Traditional control systems often adopt output feedback control mode (such as voltage control mode). Its working principle is as follows: the feedback signal at the power supply output terminal enters the inverting input terminal of the error amplifier. The error amplifier adjusts its output according to the difference between the feedback signal and the reference voltage, thereby controlling the pulse width modulator to increase or decrease the pulse width (i.e., duty cycle), and finally realizes the regulation of the system output.

[0003] However, the aforementioned traditional output feedback control system has significant drawbacks: the response speed is limited by the bandwidth of the feedback loop. For sudden and drastic changes in input voltage such as surge voltage and voltage drop, the feedback loop often cannot respond in time, resulting in large fluctuations in the output voltage, which cannot meet the output stability requirements of high-precision equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method and system based on energy storage to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Firstly, a bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control system based on energy storage is provided, including: The input sampling module is used to collect the current input and output voltages of the energy storage device and transmit them to the feedforward control module. The feedforward control module is used to acquire the duty cycle signal of the energy storage device during the last feedforward control, and generate a duty cycle adjustment signal based on the duty cycle signal of the last feedforward control, the input voltage and the output voltage, so as to transmit the duty cycle adjustment signal to the PWM modulation module. The PWM modulation module is used to generate a corrected duty cycle adjustment signal based on the duty cycle adjustment signal, and send the corrected duty cycle signal to the power conversion module. A power conversion module is used to adjust the output voltage based on a corrected duty cycle signal.

[0006] Preferably, the feedforward control module is used to generate a duty cycle adjustment signal based on the duty cycle signal from the previous feedforward control, the input voltage, and the output voltage, according to the following formula:

[0007] in, For duty cycle adjustment signal, This is the duty cycle signal from the previous feedforward control. For duty cycle signal, Input voltage, This is the output voltage.

[0008] In one possible embodiment, an input sampling module is further included, wherein the input sampling module is used to preprocess the input voltage and the output voltage to obtain preprocessed input voltage and preprocessed output voltage, so as to transmit the preprocessed input voltage and preprocessed output voltage to the feedforward control module.

[0009] Preferably, the input sampling module is used to sequentially filter, amplify, and zero-point calibrate the input voltage and output voltage to obtain the pre-processed input voltage and the pre-processed output voltage.

[0010] In one possible embodiment, an error feedback module is also included; The error feedback module is used to compare the output voltage with the target output voltage to obtain an error signal, and input the error signal to the inverting input terminal of the error amplifier; An error amplifier is used to generate a feedback control signal based on the error signal and transmit it to the PWM modulation module. The PWM modulation module generates a secondary voltage adjustment duty cycle signal based on the feedback control signal and sends it to the power conversion module so that the power conversion module can adjust the output voltage based on the secondary voltage adjustment duty cycle signal.

[0011] Preferably, the power conversion module adopts a bidirectional DC-DC topology and includes a BUCK circuit.

[0012] Secondly, a bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method based on energy storage includes: The input sampling module collects the current input and output voltages of the energy storage device and transmits them to the feedforward control module. The feedforward control module acquires the duty cycle signal of the energy storage device during the last feedforward control, and generates a duty cycle adjustment signal based on the duty cycle signal of the last feedforward control, the input voltage and the output voltage, so as to transmit the duty cycle adjustment signal to the PWM modulation module. The PWM modulation module generates a corrected duty cycle adjustment signal based on the duty cycle adjustment signal, and sends the corrected duty cycle signal to the power conversion module. The power conversion module adjusts the output voltage based on the corrected duty cycle signal.

[0013] In one possible embodiment, it further includes: The error feedback module compares the output voltage with the target output voltage to obtain an error signal, and then inputs the error signal to the inverting input of the error amplifier. The error amplifier generates a feedback control signal based on the error signal and transmits it to the PWM modulation module. The PWM modulation module generates a secondary voltage adjustment duty cycle signal based on the feedback control signal and sends it to the power conversion module so that the power conversion module can adjust the output voltage based on the secondary voltage adjustment duty cycle signal.

[0014] Thirdly, a bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control device based on energy storage is provided. Taking the device as an electronic device as an example, it includes a memory, a processor, and a transceiver that are connected in sequence. The memory is used to store a computer program, the transceiver is used to send and receive messages, and the processor is used to read the computer program and execute the bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method based on energy storage as described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0015] Fourthly, a storage medium is provided, on which instructions are stored, which, when executed on a computer, perform the energy storage-based bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method as described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0016] Fifthly, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the energy storage-based bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method as described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0017] Beneficial effects: By introducing an input voltage feedforward mechanism, this invention significantly improves the system's response speed to sudden changes in input voltage, effectively suppresses output voltage fluctuations, and enhances the system's dynamic performance and anti-interference capability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control system based on energy storage, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method based on energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the present invention will be briefly introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and descriptions of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the accompanying drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0022] Example: The first aspect of this embodiment provides an energy storage bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: an input sampling module, a feedforward control module, a PWM modulation module, and a power conversion module.

[0023] The input sampling module is used to acquire the input and output voltages in real time. Its acquisition logic adopts an "independent real-time acquisition" mode, which does not need to wait for the output voltage to have errors, but directly captures the dynamic changes of the input voltage, including sudden and drastic fluctuations such as surge voltage and voltage drop, avoiding missed adjustment opportunities for feedforward control due to sampling lag. At the same time, the input sampling module performs targeted filtering on the acquired raw voltage signal to remove useless components such as high-frequency noise and electromagnetic coupling interference, ensuring that the processed voltage signal can truly reflect the actual changes in the input voltage and the actual value of the output voltage, providing a reliable data foundation for the subsequent duty cycle correction signal. The processed input and output voltages are directly transmitted to the feedforward control module without going through other intermediate conversion links, minimizing signal transmission delay and ensuring the fast response characteristics of feedforward control.

[0024] The feedforward control module generates a duty cycle correction signal based on the changes in the processed input and output voltages. Its core idea is to proactively predict input voltage changes and adjust accordingly, rather than waiting for errors to occur before taking action. This module has a built-in duty cycle correction signal... ,in, For duty cycle correction signal, This is the original duty cycle signal. For duty cycle signal, Input voltage, This refers to the output voltage. The duty cycle and input voltage must be clearly defined. They exhibit a strictly inverse relationship, with the received input sampling module transmitting... After receiving the signal, the change in input voltage is first accurately detected, and then a stable output is calculated based on the control relationship. Required duty cycle signal This generates a duty cycle correction signal. Without needing to go through error amplifiers to detect output errors or control voltage changes, the correction amount is directly transmitted to the PWM modulation module, demonstrating the core advantage of fast response of input voltage feedforward technology.

[0025] The PWM modulation module receives the duty cycle correction signal, generates a corrected duty cycle signal, and transmits it to the power conversion module. When the input voltage increases, the duty cycle correction signal becomes negative, causing the duty cycle output by the PWM modulation module to decrease instantaneously; when the input voltage decreases, the duty cycle correction signal becomes positive, causing the duty cycle output by the PWM modulation module to increase instantaneously. The generated corrected duty cycle signal is delivered to the power conversion module through a low-latency, stable transmission path, providing precise driving basis for the module to adjust the energy transfer state and reduce output voltage overshoot or undershoot.

[0026] The power conversion module adjusts the input voltage based on the corrected duty cycle signal. It employs a bidirectional DC-DC topology and includes a BUCK circuit, enabling bidirectional energy transfer between the input and output voltages, making it suitable for energy storage system charging and discharging scenarios. After receiving the corrected duty cycle signal, it cancels out the impact of input voltage fluctuations on the output, resulting in a stable output voltage.

[0027] In some optional implementations, an error feedback module is also included. This module compares the output voltage with the target output voltage to obtain an error signal, which is then input to the PWM modulation module to fine-tune the ramp modulation signal and compensate for the error of the feedforward control module. The addition of this module further reduces the overshoot or undershoot of the output voltage when the input voltage changes, enabling the system to significantly improve the accuracy and stability of the output voltage while fully retaining the core advantages of feedforward technology—"faster response speed and higher anti-interference capability."

[0028] The second aspect of this embodiment provides an energy storage bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control system, such as... Figure 2 As shown, specifically: S1. The input sampling module collects the current input and output voltages of the energy storage device and transmits them to the feedforward control module. Specifically, this includes: S11. Sampling point deployment and real-time acquisition: The input sampling module has two sets of independent high-precision voltage acquisition units, which are designed for the input voltage and output voltage of the energy storage system respectively. They adopt a continuous acquisition mode to directly capture sudden and violent fluctuations such as surges and drops in the input voltage, as well as subtle changes in the output voltage. This ensures the integrity, timeliness, and undistorted nature of the original input voltage and original output voltage signals, providing real and reliable basic data for subsequent signal processing.

[0029] S12. To address the unwanted components such as high-frequency noise from the switching power supply and electromagnetic coupling interference contained in the acquired raw input and output voltage signals, the input sampling module uses a built-in second-order active low-pass filter circuit for targeted processing. The cutoff frequency of this filter circuit is set to 100Hz, and it has a steep attenuation characteristic of -40dB / decade, which can effectively filter out high-frequency interference signals above 20kHz, while completely preserving the low-frequency dynamic change components of the input voltage and the stable trend signal of the output voltage, ensuring that the filtered signal can truly reflect the actual voltage change state.

[0030] S13. Transmit the processed input voltage and output voltage to the feedforward control module.

[0031] S2. The feedforward control module acquires the duty cycle signal from the energy storage device during the previous feedforward control, and generates a duty cycle adjustment signal based on the duty cycle signal from the previous feedforward control, the input voltage, and the output voltage, and transmits the duty cycle adjustment signal to the PWM modulation module, specifically including: S21. Target duty cycle calculation, based on duty cycle formula ( Duty cycle, Input voltage, (For the output voltage), the feedforward control module calculates the target duty cycle required to maintain a stable output voltage under the current input voltage.

[0032] S22. The feedforward control module extracts the original duty cycle signal when the system is operating stably, and then uses the formula... ( For duty cycle correction signal, The original duty cycle signal is used to generate the correction signal, which satisfies the following conditions: when the input voltage increases, the duty cycle correction signal becomes negative, causing the duty cycle output by the PWM modulation module to decrease instantaneously; when the input voltage decreases, the duty cycle correction signal becomes positive, causing the duty cycle output by the PWM modulation module to increase instantaneously.

[0033] S23. Transmit the original duty cycle signal to the PWM modulator.

[0034] S3. The PWM modulation module generates a corrected duty cycle adjustment signal based on the duty cycle adjustment signal, and sends the corrected duty cycle signal to the power conversion module, specifically including: S31. The PWM modulation module synchronously receives the duty cycle correction signal transmitted by the feedforward control module. After receiving the signal, it first performs validity verification and preprocessing on the input signal, including filtering out high-frequency interference and eliminating abnormal signals that exceed the preset amplitude range, to ensure that the input signal can truly reflect the voltage regulation requirements and meet the module's signal processing specifications.

[0035] S32. Based on the system's built-in duty cycle calculation logic, the original duty cycle signal is used as a reference, and the corrected duty cycle signal is completed by combining the duty cycle correction signal. The corrected duty cycle signal is then transmitted to the power conversion module in real time through a low-latency, interference-resistant transmission path.

[0036] S4. The power conversion module adjusts the output voltage based on the corrected duty cycle signal, specifically including: S41. The power conversion module receives the corrected duty cycle signal output by the PWM modulation module in real time through a low-latency, anti-interference signal transmission interface. After receiving the signal, it first performs validity analysis, including verifying whether the signal amplitude is within the preset working range and whether the pulse timing is continuous and distortion-free. It also filters out electromagnetic interference or noise signals that may be introduced during transmission to ensure that the input signal can accurately reflect the voltage regulation requirements.

[0037] S42. Based on the module's built-in bidirectional DC-DC topology (including a bidirectional extension of the BUCK circuit), the on and off times of the power switches in the topology are precisely controlled according to the pulse width and frequency of the corrected duty cycle signal: when the duty cycle signal corresponds to the scenario of "increased input voltage" (decreased corrected duty cycle), the on-time of the switches is shortened to reduce the proportion of energy transferred from the input side to the output side, thus preventing the output voltage from rising due to input surges; when the duty cycle signal corresponds to the scenario of "decreased input voltage" (increased corrected duty cycle), the on-time of the switches is extended to improve energy transfer efficiency and compensate for the impact of input voltage drops on the output.

[0038] In some optional implementations, the method further includes comparing the output voltage with the target output voltage to obtain an error signal, and inputting the error signal to the PWM modulation module to fine-tune the ramp modulation signal to compensate for the error of the feedforward control module.

[0039] The third aspect of this embodiment provides an energy storage bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control electronic device, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes: a memory, a processor, and a transceiver that are sequentially and communicatively connected, wherein the memory is used to store computer programs, the transceiver is used to send and receive messages, and the processor is used to read the computer programs and execute the bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method for energy storage as described in the embodiment.

[0040] For specific examples, the memory may include, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, first-in-first-out (FIFO) memory, and / or first-in-last-out (FILO) memory, etc.; specifically, the processor may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor may be implemented using at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor, also known as the CPU (Central Processing Unit), is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state.

[0041] In some embodiments, the processor may integrate a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. For example, the processor may not be limited to microprocessors of the STM32F105 series, reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microprocessors, x86 architecture processors, or processors with integrated neural network processing units (NPUs). The transceiver may be, but is not limited to, a Wi-Fi transceiver, a Bluetooth transceiver, a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) transceiver, a ZigBee (a low-power LAN protocol based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard) transceiver, a 3G transceiver, a 4G transceiver, and / or a 5G transceiver. Furthermore, the device may also include, but is not limited to, a power module, a display screen, and other necessary components.

[0042] The working process, working details and technical effects of the electronic device provided in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0043] The fourth aspect of this embodiment provides a storage medium that stores the bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control of energy storage as described in the embodiment. That is, the storage medium stores instructions that, when the instructions are run on a computer, execute the bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control of energy storage as described in the embodiment.

[0044] The storage medium refers to a carrier for storing data, which may include, but is not limited to, floppy disks, optical disks, hard disks, flash memory, USB flash drives, and / or memory sticks. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.

[0045] The working process, working details and technical effects of the storage medium provided in this embodiment can be found in the first aspect of the embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0046] The fifth aspect of this embodiment provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform energy storage bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control as described in the embodiment, wherein the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control system based on energy storage, characterized in that, include: The input sampling module is used to collect the current input and output voltages of the energy storage device and transmit them to the feedforward control module. The feedforward control module is used to acquire the duty cycle signal of the energy storage device during the last feedforward control, and generate a duty cycle adjustment signal based on the duty cycle signal of the last feedforward control, the input voltage and the output voltage, so as to transmit the duty cycle adjustment signal to the PWM modulation module. The PWM modulation module is used to generate a corrected duty cycle adjustment signal based on the duty cycle adjustment signal, and send the corrected duty cycle signal to the power conversion module. A power conversion module is used to adjust the output voltage based on a corrected duty cycle signal.

2. The energy storage-based bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feedforward control module is used to generate a duty cycle adjustment signal based on the duty cycle signal from the previous feedforward control, the input voltage, and the output voltage, according to the following formula: in, For duty cycle adjustment signal, This is the duty cycle signal from the previous feedforward control. For duty cycle signal, Input voltage, This is the output voltage.

3. The energy storage-based bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an input sampling module, which is used to preprocess the input voltage and output voltage to obtain the preprocessed input voltage and preprocessed output voltage, so as to transmit the preprocessed input voltage and preprocessed output voltage to the feedforward control module.

4. The energy storage-based bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The input sampling module is used to sequentially filter, amplify, and zero-point calibrate the input and output voltages to obtain pre-processed input and output voltages.

5. A bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control system based on energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an error feedback module; The error feedback module is used to compare the output voltage with the target output voltage to obtain an error signal, and input the error signal to the inverting input terminal of the error amplifier; An error amplifier is used to generate a feedback control signal based on the error signal and transmit it to the PWM modulation module. The PWM modulation module generates a secondary voltage adjustment duty cycle signal based on the feedback control signal and sends it to the power conversion module so that the power conversion module can adjust the output voltage based on the secondary voltage adjustment duty cycle signal.

6. The energy storage-based bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power conversion module adopts a bidirectional DC-DC topology and includes a BUCK circuit.

7. A bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method based on energy storage, characterized in that, The system applied to the bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control system based on energy storage as described in claims 1-6 includes: The input sampling module collects the current input and output voltages of the energy storage device and transmits them to the feedforward control module. The feedforward control module acquires the duty cycle signal of the energy storage device during the last feedforward control, and generates a duty cycle adjustment signal based on the duty cycle signal of the last feedforward control, the input voltage and the output voltage, so as to transmit the duty cycle adjustment signal to the PWM modulation module. The PWM modulation module generates a corrected duty cycle adjustment signal based on the duty cycle adjustment signal, and sends the corrected duty cycle signal to the power conversion module. The power conversion module adjusts the output voltage based on the corrected duty cycle signal.

8. The energy storage-based bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The error feedback module compares the output voltage with the target output voltage to obtain an error signal, and then inputs the error signal to the inverting input of the error amplifier. The error amplifier generates a feedback control signal based on the error signal and transmits it to the PWM modulation module. The PWM modulation module generates a secondary voltage adjustment duty cycle signal based on the feedback control signal and sends it to the power conversion module so that the power conversion module can adjust the output voltage based on the secondary voltage adjustment duty cycle signal.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a transceiver are sequentially connected in communication, wherein the memory is used to store computer programs, the transceiver is used to send and receive messages, and the processor is used to read the computer programs and execute a bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method based on energy storage as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product containing instructions, characterized in that, When the instructions are executed on the computer, the computer performs a bidirectional DC-DC feedforward control method based on energy storage as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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