Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleic acid detection sputum sample collecting device

Abstract

The invention relates to a medical sample collection instrument, and discloses a mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleic acid detection sputum sample collection device which comprises a collection pipe, a filter membrane is arranged in the collection pipe, a sealing mechanism is installed at the top of the collection pipe, an extraction mechanism is slidably connected to the top of the sealing mechanism, and the sealing mechanism comprises an opening and closing assembly. The opening and closing assembly comprises a cam disc and a pin shaft, an arc-shaped groove position is formed in the surface of the cam disc, the pin shaft is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner arc-shaped groove position, a baffle is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pin shaft, a chassis is slidably connected to the bottom of the baffle, a sliding rail is arranged on the surface of the top of the chassis, and the baffle moves along the sliding rail. By means of the arc-shaped groove position structure on the surface of the cam disc, the traction pin shaft slides synchronously, then the baffle is driven to move front and back along the sliding rail at the bottom of the chassis, operation steps are greatly simplified, loading and taking out of samples can be completed more efficiently, and convenience of clinical operation is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to medical sample collection devices, specifically a sputum sample collection device for Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleic acid detection. Background Technology

[0002] Sputum sample collection devices are mostly disposable sealed collection cups, which are widely used sample collection instruments in the field of medical testing. These devices are mainly used for the diagnosis of clinical respiratory diseases, collecting sputum and saliva samples from patients to provide sample support for bacterial culture, nucleic acid detection, pathological cell analysis, etc., and to assist in the screening and diagnosis of diseases such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and COVID-19.

[0003] Most existing sputum collection devices are disposable and sterile designs. Their core components include a cup or sputum collection bottle, a sealing cap, a sputum inlet tube or suction tube, and connectors. Some include filters and removable inner liner structures. Materials are primarily PVC, PE, and PC plastics, sterilized with ethylene oxide. Some feature tube caps and locking mechanisms to prevent leakage. They are available in different cap sizes to suit spontaneous sputum collection scenarios. Traditional sputum collection devices are mostly open or semi-open containers, which are easily contaminated by external air, environmental dust or hand contact when patients cough up sputum. The design of the container opening is not reasonable, and sputum can easily splash and cause secondary contamination when coughing up sputum. Some hard containers have sharp edges, which may irritate the patient's mouth or throat, causing discomfort or even nausea and vomiting, and reducing the patient's cooperation. Therefore, a sputum sample collection device for tuberculosis nucleic acid detection is provided. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a sputum sample collection device for Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleic acid detection, which solves the problems of traditional sample collection devices relying on patients to cough up sputum, which easily leaves saliva and other secretions on the surface of the collection device, contaminating the device, and the sample being exposed to air and contaminated.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a sputum sample collection device for Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleic acid detection, comprising a collection tube, a filter membrane provided inside the collection tube, a sealing mechanism installed at the top of the collection tube, and an extraction mechanism slidably connected to the top of the sealing mechanism; The sealing mechanism includes an opening and closing assembly, which includes a cam disk and a pin. The cam disk has an arc-shaped groove on its surface, and the pin is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove.

[0006] Preferably, a baffle is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pin, and a chassis is slidably connected to the bottom of the baffle. A slide rail is provided on the top surface of the chassis, and the baffle moves along the slide rail.

[0007] Preferably, the sealing mechanism includes a connecting sleeve, which is fixedly connected to the top of the chassis, and the inner side of the connecting sleeve is slidably connected to the outer side of the collecting tube, with the connecting sleeve and the collecting tube being interference-fitted.

[0008] Preferably, the sealing mechanism includes a rubber sleeve, and the top of the rubber sleeve is fixedly connected to the cam disk for forming a sealing fit with the pipeline of the extraction mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the extraction mechanism includes a negative pressure ball and a hose, one end of the hose is fixedly connected to the negative pressure ball, and the bottom of the hose is slidably connected to a sealing mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the negative pressure ball is made of soft silicone material and has elastic rebound properties.

[0011] Preferably, the surface pore size of the filter membrane is 0.22 micrometers.

[0012] Preferably, the hose includes a main line and branch lines, wherein the branch lines are perpendicularly connected to the main line and communicate with the collection line.

[0013] Preferably, the rubber sleeve has a contact interface with a hose that is slidably connected to form a radial compression seal.

[0014] Preferably, the opening and closing assembly drives the baffle to slide via a rotating cam disk, thereby enabling the rapid opening and closing of the collection tube.

[0015] This invention provides a sputum sample collection device for Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleic acid detection. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses a cam disc to drive a pin shaft. With the help of the arc-shaped groove structure on the surface of the cam disc, the pin shaft is pulled to slide synchronously, which in turn drives the baffle to move back and forth along the slide rail at the bottom of the chassis. This enables the collection tube to open and close quickly. Compared with the traditional sealing structure that is tightened by multiple threads, this mechanism only needs to rotate a specific angle to lock or open, which greatly simplifies the operation steps and can complete the loading and unloading of samples more efficiently, thus improving the convenience of operation.

[0016] 2. This invention involves manually squeezing a negative pressure bulb to expel internal air. Utilizing the elastic rebound properties of its soft silicone material, the bulb expands internally to create a negative pressure environment as it returns to its original shape. The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the bulb propels sputum through a flexible tube into the collection tube. Compared to the open operation mode of natural coughing, this closed extraction process prevents the escape of bacterial aerosols, reducing the risk of cross-infection for medical staff and the surrounding environment from the source of operation and improving the safety of the sample collection process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber sleeve of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the collection tube of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structurally disassembled schematic diagram of the sealing mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] Among them, 1. Collection tube; 2. Sealing mechanism; 21. Rubber sleeve; 22. Opening and closing assembly; 221. Cam plate; 222. Pin shaft; 23. Baffle; 24. Chassis; 25. Connecting sleeve; 3. Extraction mechanism; 31. Negative pressure ball; 32. Hose; 4. Filter membrane. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 4 This invention provides a sputum sample collection device for Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleic acid detection, comprising a collection tube 1, a filter membrane 4 inside the collection tube 1, a sealing mechanism 2 installed on the top of the collection tube 1, and an extraction mechanism 3 slidably connected to the top of the sealing mechanism 2. The sealing mechanism 2 includes an opening and closing component 22, which includes a cam disk 221 and a pin 222. The surface of the cam disk 221 has an arc-shaped groove that guides the pin 222 to slide. The pin 222 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove inside the cam disk 221. A baffle 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pin 222. When the cam disk 221 rotates, it drives the pin 222 to slide along the groove, thereby pulling the baffle 23 to move along the bottom slide rail of the chassis 24, thus realizing the rapid opening and closing of the collection tube 1.

[0021] Specifically, by manually rotating the cam disk 221, the pin 222 slides along the arc-shaped groove, simultaneously driving the baffle 23 to reciprocate linearly along the slide rail at the bottom of the chassis 24. The opening and closing of the collection tube 1 port is directly controlled by the displacement of the baffle 23. Compared with the traditional threaded tightening sealing structure, this opening and closing component 22 only needs to be rotated by a specific angle to complete the opening and closing action, effectively simplifying the operation steps and improving the efficiency of sample loading and unloading.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 2 - Appendix Figure 4A baffle 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pin 222. The baffle 23 moves synchronously with the sliding of the pin 222, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the collection tube 1. A base 24 is slidably connected to the bottom of the baffle 23. This connection method ensures that the baffle 23 moves smoothly without jamming. A slide rail is provided on the top surface of the base 24 to provide stable guidance for the movement of the baffle 23 and prevent deviation. The baffle 23 moves along the slide rail and realizes the reliable opening and closing of the collection tube 1 through precise sliding. The operation is convenient and efficient. The sealing mechanism 2 includes a connecting sleeve 25, which is used to realize the stable connection between the base 24 and the collection tube 1. The connecting sleeve 25 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 24, so that the two form an integrated structure to improve stability. The inner side of the connecting sleeve 25 is slidably connected to the outer side of the collection tube 1, which facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the collection tube 1. The connecting sleeve 25 and the collection tube 1 are interference-fitted and firmly fixed through static friction, which also facilitates the replacement of the container during subsequent sample testing.

[0023] Specifically, the bottom of the pin 222 is fixedly connected to the baffle 23. When the pin 222 slides along the arc groove of the cam disk 221, it can synchronously pull the baffle 23 to make linear reciprocating motion, thereby realizing the opening and closing control of the collection tube 1. The bottom of the baffle 23 is slidably connected to the chassis 24. This connection method can ensure that the baffle 23 moves smoothly without jamming. The top surface of the chassis 24 is provided with a slide rail to provide stable guidance for the sliding of the baffle 23 and avoid movement deviation. The baffle 23 slides precisely along the slide rail to realize the reliable opening and closing of the collection tube 1. The sealing mechanism 2 also includes a connecting sleeve 25. The top of the chassis 24 is fixedly connected to the connecting sleeve 25. The inner side of the connecting sleeve 25 is slidably connected to the outer side of the collection tube 1 and adopts an interference fit. The connection is achieved through static friction, and at the same time, it is convenient to quickly replace the collection tube 1 during subsequent sample testing.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 The sealing mechanism 2 includes a rubber sleeve 21, which is made of elastic rubber and can achieve a seal by utilizing its own elasticity. A cam disk 221 is fixedly connected to the top of the rubber sleeve 21. This connection method can ensure that the rubber sleeve 21 is stable and does not easily fall off. The rubber sleeve 21 is used to form a sealed fit with the tubing of the extraction mechanism 3. When the tubing is inserted, it can form a radial compression seal by means of elastic pressure, which can effectively prevent sample leakage. The extraction mechanism 3 includes a negative pressure ball 31 and a tubing 32. The two work together to achieve negative pressure extraction of sputum. One end of the tubing 32 is fixedly connected to the negative pressure ball 31. The connection is firm and can prevent it from falling off during negative pressure extraction. The bottom of the tubing 32 is slidably connected to the sealing mechanism 2, which facilitates quick disassembly and separation after the extraction operation is completed, thereby improving the sample processing efficiency.

[0025] Specifically, the sealing mechanism 2 includes a rubber sleeve 21, which is made of elastic rubber and can achieve sealing by its own elasticity. The top of the rubber sleeve 21 is fixedly connected to the cam plate 221 to ensure that the position of the rubber sleeve 21 is stable and not easy to fall off. When the tubing 32 of the extraction mechanism 3 is inserted into the rubber sleeve 21, the rubber sleeve 21 is squeezed to generate elastic pressure, and a radial compression seal is formed at the interface with the tubing 32, which effectively prevents sample leakage. The extraction mechanism 3 includes a negative pressure ball 31 and a tubing 32. One end of the tubing 32 is fixedly connected to the negative pressure ball 31, and the other end is slidably connected to the sealing mechanism 2. After squeezing, the negative pressure ball 31 is released, and its elastic rebound forms a negative pressure, driving the sputum to flow into the collection tube 1 along the tubing 32. After completion, the tubing 32 can be quickly disassembled to improve the operation efficiency.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 The negative pressure bulb 31 is made of soft silicone and has elastic rebound properties. After being squeezed, it can quickly return to its original shape to form a negative pressure environment, thereby achieving efficient sputum extraction. The surface pore size of the filter membrane 4 is 0.22 micrometers, which can filter food residues and other impurities in the sputum while retaining tuberculosis bacteria, ensuring sample representativeness and avoiding clogging of the testing equipment. The tubing 32 includes a main pipe and a branch pipe. The branch pipe is vertically connected to the main pipe and communicates with the collection tube 1, allowing the sputum to slide smoothly into the collection tube 1 under the action of gravity. The rubber sleeve 21 internally slides to form a radial compression seal at the contact interface of the tubing 32, using the elastic pressure of the rubber to prevent the sample from leaking from the side. The opening and closing component 22 drives the baffle 23 to slide through the rotating cam disk 221, realizing the rapid opening and closing of the collection tube 1, which greatly simplifies the operation steps compared with the traditional threaded tightening structure.

[0027] Specifically, the negative pressure bulb 31 is made of soft silicone and has elastic rebound properties. After manually squeezing out the internal air, the negative pressure bulb 31 can quickly rebound and expand to form a negative pressure environment. The air pressure difference drives the sputum to flow along the tubing 32. The surface pore size of the filter membrane 4 is 0.22 micrometers, which can intercept food residues and other impurities in the sputum, while retaining tuberculosis bacteria to ensure the validity of sample testing. The tubing 32 has a main pipe and a vertical branch pipe. The branch pipe is connected to the collection tube 1. The sputum can smoothly slide into the collection tube 1 under the action of gravity. The rubber sleeve 21 is slidably connected to the tubing 32 and forms a radial compression seal to prevent sample leakage. The opening and closing component 22 drives the baffle 23 to slide through the rotating cam disk 221, realizing the rapid opening and closing of the collection tube 1. Compared with the traditional threaded structure, the operation process is greatly simplified.

[0028] Working principle: Before use, the opening and closing assembly 22 is rotated to control the opening and closing. Specifically, the cam disk 221 is rotated by hand. Two arc-shaped grooves are opened on the surface of the cam disk 221, and a pin 222 is slidably connected in the grooves. As the cam disk 221 rotates, the pin 222 slides along the grooves inside the cam disk 221, simultaneously driving the baffle 23 fixedly connected to the bottom of the pin 222. The baffle 23 is driven to move back and forth along the slide rail at the bottom of the chassis 24. Thus, the sliding of the opening and closing assembly 22 controls the opening and closing of the collection tube 1, which is then connected to the chassis 24. The connecting sleeve 25 is fixed to the top of the collection tube 1. The interference fit between the connecting sleeve 25 and the collection tube 1 and the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 25 and the bottom outer wall of the collection tube 1 forms static friction to achieve a fixing effect, which facilitates the replacement of the container when the sample is tested later. After opening, the bottom of the branch tube of the flexible tube 32 is inserted and fixedly connected to the rubber sleeve 21 on the top of the cam plate 221. When the flexible tube 32 is inserted, due to the elastic pressure of the rubber, the first radial compression seal is formed at the contact interface between the flexible tube 32 and the rubber sleeve 21 to prevent the sample from leaking from the side and achieve a sealing effect.

[0029] When using the device, squeeze the negative pressure bulb 31 to expel the air inside. Then, insert the tip of the tubing 32 into the patient's airway to the location of the sputum. At this point, the sputum in the airway is under external atmospheric pressure. After aligning, release your hand. Because the negative pressure bulb 31 is made of soft silicone and has elastic properties, it expands its internal volume to return to its original shape. The sputum blockage prevents air backflow, creating a negative pressure environment inside the bulb. As a result, the air pressure inside the negative pressure bulb 31 is lower than the external atmospheric pressure. Since the external atmospheric pressure is greater than the negative pressure inside the negative pressure bulb 31, the sputum is pushed into the negative pressure bulb 31 through the connecting tube by the pressure difference. At this point, it reaches the branch tube that is perpendicularly connected to the tubing 32. The branch tube of the tubing 32 is a vertically connected passage to the main tube. Under the action of gravity, it slides down to the branch tube at the bottom of the tubing 32 and enters the collection tube 1. The internal filter membrane 4 is fixed with a pore size of 0.22 micrometers. It filters food residue, mucous tissue and other impurities in sputum while retaining tuberculosis bacteria, which are about 0.3 to 0.6 micrometers in diameter. This avoids clogging the testing equipment and does not affect the representativeness of the sample. After the sample is collected, the tubing 32 is pulled out of the collection tube 1 and rotated to close and seal the sample. Compared with the traditional multi-turn screw tightening, the rotary opening and closing mechanism usually only needs to be rotated at a certain angle to lock or open. The operation steps are simplified and the sample can be loaded and unloaded quickly. When patients cough naturally, they can easily produce bacterial aerosols, which can cause pollution to medical staff and the surrounding environment. The extraction mechanism is operated in a closed system. The sputum enters the collection tube 1 directly under negative pressure. There is no aerosol leakage throughout the process, which can reduce the risk of cross-infection.

Claims

1. A sputum sample collection device for Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleic acid detection, characterized in that, include: A collection tube (1) is provided with a filter membrane (4) and a sealing mechanism (2) is installed on the top of the collection tube (1). A suction mechanism (3) is slidably connected to the top of the sealing mechanism (2). The sealing mechanism (2) includes an opening and closing assembly (22), which includes a cam disk (221) and a pin (222). The cam disk (221) has an arc-shaped groove on its surface, and the pin (222) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove inside the (221).

2. The tuberculosis nucleic acid detection sputum sample collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the pin (22) is fixedly connected to the baffle (23), and the bottom of the baffle (23) is slidably connected to the chassis (24). The top surface of the chassis (24) is provided with a slide rail, and the baffle (23) moves along the slide rail.

3. The tuberculosis nucleic acid detection sputum sample collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing mechanism (2) includes a connecting sleeve (25), which is fixedly connected to the top of the chassis (24). The inner side of the connecting sleeve (25) is slidably connected to the outer side of the collecting tube (1), and the connecting sleeve (25) is interference-fitted with the collecting tube (1).

4. The sputum sample collection device for Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleic acid detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing mechanism (2) includes a rubber sleeve (21), and the top of the rubber sleeve (21) is fixedly connected to the cam disk (221) for forming a sealing fit with the pipeline of the extraction mechanism (3).

5. The sputum sample collection device for Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleic acid detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction mechanism (3) includes a negative pressure ball (31) and a hose (32). One end of the hose (32) is fixedly connected to the negative pressure ball (31), and the bottom of the hose (32) is slidably connected to a sealing mechanism (2).

6. The sputum sample collection device for Mycobacterium tuberculosis nucleic acid detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The negative pressure ball (31) is made of soft silicone and has elastic rebound properties.

7. The tuberculosis nucleic acid detection sputum sample collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface pore size of the filter membrane (4) is 0.22 micrometers.

8. The tuberculosis nucleic acid detection sputum sample collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hose (32) includes a main pipe and a branch pipe, the branch pipe being perpendicularly connected to the main pipe and communicating with the collection pipe (1).

9. The tuberculosis nucleic acid detection sputum sample collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The contact interface of the inner sliding connection hose (32) of the rubber sleeve (21) forms a radial compression seal.

10. The tuberculosis nucleic acid detection sputum sample collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly (22) drives the baffle (23) to slide through the rotating cam disk (221), thereby realizing the rapid opening and closing of the collection tube (1).

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