Combustion-supporting control method, system and equipment for combustion heating equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a combustion-supporting control method, system and equipment for combustion heating equipment and a medium. The controller sends a starting instruction to the combustion-supporting pump based on preset combustion-supporting parameters and sends a first adjusting instruction to the flow valve so as to start fuel supply; the controller receives a pressure signal from a pressure sensor in the sensor group and judges whether the pressure of the mixing cavity meets a preset stable condition or not based on the pressure signal; if it is judged that the stable condition is met, the controller sends an ignition starting instruction to the igniter and receives a flame state signal from a flame sensor in the sensor set; the controller judges whether ignition succeeds or not based on the flame state signal; and if it is judged that ignition is successful, the controller is switched to the main combustion mode, and a second adjusting instruction is sent to an air-fuel ratio adjusting mechanism in the actuator set so that the proportion of air and fuel can be adjusted according to the combustion state. The adaptability, ignition safety and combustion efficiency of the combustion equipment in different environments are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel control technology, and specifically to a combustion-supporting control method, system, device, and medium for combustion heating equipment. Background Technology

[0002] The stable and efficient operation of combustion heating equipment (such as industrial boilers, heat treatment furnaces, and gas water heaters) highly depends on its combustion-supporting control system. Traditional combustion-supporting control methods mostly employ open-loop control based on fixed parameters or simple feedback regulation. For example, adjusting the intake air volume through mechanical dampers or controlling the fuel supply on and off based on a single temperature signal. These methods reveal significant shortcomings when facing complex operating conditions such as altitude changes, fluctuations in ambient temperature and humidity, and differences in fuel characteristics.

[0003] Specifically, the shortcomings of existing technologies are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, in high-altitude or thin-air areas, air density and oxygen content decrease. Traditional methods often increase air supply by continuously increasing fan power or guide area, or directly increase fuel flow. This approach is slow to respond and coarsely adjusts, failing to accurately match the actual air-fuel ratio required for combustion. This results in incomplete combustion, low thermal efficiency, serious fuel waste, and the generation of large amounts of harmful emissions such as carbon monoxide. Second, during the ignition stage, there is a lack of precise sensing and closed-loop control of the pressure state within the mixing chamber (the space where fuel and air are premixed). Unstable pressure during ignition can easily lead to ignition failure, deflagration, or backfire, posing safety hazards. Third, during the main combustion stage, most systems lack the ability to dynamically optimize the air-fuel ratio based on real-time combustion efficiency (such as flue gas oxygen content), making it impossible for the equipment to always operate at the optimal operating point for high efficiency and low emissions. Finally, the safety monitoring of existing systems is often isolated and passive, and usually only shuts down and alarms after serious consequences such as over-temperature and over-pressure occur. It lacks an active, multi-layered safety protection system that includes hardware self-testing, process monitoring, fault self-diagnosis and recovery attempts.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a combustion control method and system that can intelligently adapt to different environments, ensure safe and reliable ignition, achieve dynamic optimization of the combustion process, and have comprehensive safety monitoring capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of poor adaptability, low ignition safety, low combustion efficiency, and insufficient system safety in existing combustion equipment under complex environments such as high altitudes, this invention provides a combustion-supporting control method, system, equipment, and medium for combustion heating equipment to solve the aforementioned technical deficiencies.

[0006] This invention proposes a combustion-supporting control method for combustion heating equipment, executed by a controller, which is communicatively connected to a sensor group and an actuator group. The method includes the following steps: S1. Based on preset combustion parameters, the controller sends a start command to the combustion pump in the actuator group and a first adjustment command to the flow valve to start the fuel supply. S2. The controller receives pressure signals from the pressure sensors in the sensor group and determines whether the pressure in the mixing chamber meets the preset stability conditions based on the pressure signals. S3. If the stability condition is met, the controller sends an ignition start command to the igniter in the actuator group and receives the flame status signal from the flame sensor in the sensor group. S4. The controller determines whether ignition is successful based on the flame status signal. S5. If ignition is determined to be successful, the controller switches to the main combustion mode and sends a second adjustment command to the air-fuel ratio adjustment mechanism in the actuator group to adjust the air-fuel ratio according to the combustion state.

[0007] Preferably, the combustion control method for a combustion heating device proposed in this invention further includes: in the main combustion mode, the controller continuously receives temperature signals from the temperature sensor in the sensor group, pressure signals from the pressure sensor, and flame status signals from the flame sensor. The controller determines whether overheating has occurred based on temperature signals, whether overpressure has occurred based on pressure signals, and whether flameout has occurred based on flame status signals. If any of the following situations occurs: over-temperature, over-pressure, or flameout, the controller will execute the corresponding emergency protection action.

[0008] More preferably, the controller executes the corresponding emergency protection action, specifically including: If overheating occurs, the controller sends an emergency stop command to the combustion pump and triggers an overheating alarm; If overpressure occurs, the controller sends an opening command to the pressure relief valve and triggers an overpressure alarm; If a fire goes out, the controller will activate the fire outage protection program and trigger a fire outage alarm.

[0009] Preferably, step S2, which determines whether the mixing chamber pressure meets the preset stability condition based on the pressure signal, includes the following sub-steps: S21. The controller obtains the current pressure value based on the pressure signal and compares the current pressure value with the preset target pressure value; S22. If the deviation between the current pressure value and the preset target pressure value is not within the preset allowable error range, the controller generates a pressure adjustment command based on the PID control algorithm. The pressure adjustment command is used to adjust the speed of the combustion pump and / or the opening of the flow valve, and returns to step S21. S23. If the deviation between the current pressure value and the preset target pressure value is within the preset allowable error range, the controller determines that the mixing chamber pressure meets the preset stability condition. The preset stability condition means that within N consecutive sampling periods, the absolute value of the deviation between the current pressure value and the preset target pressure value is within the preset error range, where N is an integer greater than 1.

[0010] Preferably, in step S4, the controller determines whether ignition is successful based on the flame status signal, including the following sub-steps: S41. Within a preset time window after sending the ignition start command, the controller monitors the flame status signal; S42. If a stable signal indicating the presence of a flame is continuously received within the preset time window, then ignition is determined to be successful. S43. If no stable signal indicating the presence of a flame is received within the time window, ignition is determined to have failed. After determining that ignition has failed, the controller will automatically repeat steps S3 to S4 up to K times, where K is a preset positive integer, provided that safety conditions are met. If ignition still fails after repeating K times, an ignition fault alarm will be triggered and the fault handling process will be initiated.

[0011] Preferably, in step S5, the controller generates the second adjustment command in the following manner: Obtain the measured value of oxygen content in the flue gas; Calculate the deviation between the measured oxygen content and the preset target oxygen content; The deviation is input into the PID controller for calculation to obtain the control quantity; A second adjustment command is generated based on the control quantity.

[0012] Preferably, before step S1, a system initialization and self-test step is also included: The controller performs a hardware self-test; if the self-test passes, the controller loads the preset combustion-supporting parameters and continues to execute step S1; if the self-test fails, a hardware fault alarm is triggered and the process is terminated. Following step S5, a fault handling step is also included: The controller shuts off the fuel valve and combustion air valve. The controller initiates fault diagnosis and analyzes the fault type based on the operating data before and after the fault occurred; If the fault is determined to be recoverable, the controller will attempt an automatic reset; if the reset is successful, it will return to step S1 or step S2. If the fault is determined to require manual intervention or the automatic reset fails, the controller will trigger a manual maintenance alarm and perform a safety shutdown and save the operating data.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a combustion-supporting control system for a combustion heating device, for implementing any of the above methods, the system comprising a controller, a sensor group, and an actuator group; The sensor group includes a pressure sensor and a flame sensor. The pressure sensor is connected to the controller and is configured to monitor the mixing chamber pressure and provide a pressure signal to the controller so that the controller can determine whether the mixing chamber pressure meets the preset stability conditions. The flame sensor is connected to the controller and is configured to monitor the flame status and provide a flame status signal to the controller so that the controller can determine whether ignition is successful. The actuator assembly includes a combustion pump, a flow valve, an igniter, and an air-fuel ratio regulating mechanism. The combustion pump is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to start in response to the controller's start command. The flow valve is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to adjust its opening in response to the controller's first regulating command to coordinate with the combustion pump to start fuel supply. The igniter is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to perform ignition in response to the controller's ignition start command after the controller determines that stable conditions are met. The air-fuel ratio regulating mechanism is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to adjust the air-fuel ratio in response to the controller's second regulating command after the controller determines that ignition is successful and switches to the main combustion mode.

[0014] The present invention also proposes a terminal device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the combustion-supporting control method for a combustion heating device as described above.

[0015] The present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the combustion-supporting control method for a combustion heating device as described above.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) By introducing an initialization step that includes hardware self-testing, and a step that performs closed-loop adjustment of the mixing chamber pressure and determines its stability before ignition, this invention ensures that the system is in a healthy and controllable state during the startup phase. This enables the device to adaptively establish stable ignition conditions, effectively overcoming the adverse effects of harsh environments such as high altitude and low air pressure on ignition stability, and significantly improving the first ignition success rate and the system's operational reliability under different operating conditions.

[0017] (2) By calculating the air-fuel ratio deviation in real time based on parameters such as flue gas oxygen content under the main combustion mode, and dynamically adjusting the combustion air supply using a PID control algorithm, this invention achieves precise and continuous optimization of the air-fuel ratio. This enables the combustion process to automatically track and maintain within the efficient and complete combustion range, thereby significantly improving fuel utilization efficiency, reducing fuel consumption per unit of heat production, and reducing emissions of pollutants such as soot and carbon monoxide caused by incomplete combustion, resulting in significant energy-saving and environmental protection effects.

[0018] (3) This invention continuously tracks key parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flame status by performing safety monitoring steps in parallel during the main combustion mode and earlier stages, and immediately triggers targeted emergency protection actions (such as over-temperature pump shutdown, over-pressure relief, and flameout protection) when any parameter exceeds the limit. Combined with an automatic fault diagnosis and reset attempt mechanism and a final safe shutdown and data saving process, a comprehensive safety closed loop is formed, from prevention, monitoring, protection to post-event analysis. This greatly enhances the inherent safety of the system, can prevent major safety accidents, shorten downtime due to faults, and provides clear data support for maintenance.

[0019] (4) From automatic parameter loading, automatic pressure adjustment, automatic ignition attempt and judgment, to automatic air-fuel ratio optimization, automatic fault diagnosis and recovery attempt, the entire control process is highly automated. This reduces the reliance on operator experience, reduces the risk of human error, makes the system operation and management simpler, and improves the overall stability and consistency of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, taken with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the combustion-supporting control method for a combustion heating device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the start-up phase of the combustion control method in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation and safety monitoring phases of the combustion-supporting control method in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The following image; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer system suitable for implementing the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 A flowchart of the combustion-supporting control method for a combustion heating device according to the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A flowchart of the start-up phase of the combustion control method in an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the operation and safety monitoring phases of the combustion-supporting control method in an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein... Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The following image is a continuation of the previous one. (See reference.) Figure 1-3 The present invention proposes a combustion-supporting control method for combustion heating equipment, which is executed by a controller and is communicatively connected to a sensor group and an actuator group.

[0024] Before the method begins execution, the system first completes system initialization and self-test: the device is powered on, and the main controller starts and runs the built-in control program. The controller performs a hardware self-test, sending self-test query commands to all critical sensors (such as pressure, flame, and temperature sensors) and actuators (such as combustion pumps, flow valves, and igniters), and checks whether their feedback signals are within the normal range and whether communication is unobstructed. If the self-test passes, all tested hardware returns a normal response, and the controller then successfully loads the preset combustion parameter set from non-volatile memory (such as EEPROM or Flash). This parameter set includes, but is not limited to: initial fuel flow rate, target pressure value of the mixing chamber, air-fuel ratio curve, and various safety thresholds (such as over-temperature threshold and over-pressure threshold). If the self-test fails, and any critical hardware is detected to be faulty, the system will immediately lock, trigger a hardware fault alarm, and terminate the process, awaiting manual repair.

[0025] In this embodiment, the controller (such as a PLC or dedicated industrial computer) connects to each component through its hardware interface module. Specifically: Sensor connection: Analog signals (4-20mA or 0-5V) output from temperature sensors (such as K-type thermocouples) and pressure sensors (such as piezoresistive sensors) are input via the controller's analog input (AI) module; the switch signal output from flame sensors (such as ultraviolet sensors) is input via the controller's digital input (DI) module. Actuator connection: Start-stop control signals for actuators such as combustion pumps, igniters, and gas valves are driven through the controller's digital output (DO) module and intermediate relays (or solid-state relays); actuators requiring adjustable opening, such as flow valves, are controlled through the controller's analog output (AO) module or fieldbus (such as Modbus) interface. Power supply system: Each component of the system is connected to a 24V DC or 220VAC power supply according to its needs.

[0026] In some implementations, to ensure safety, after loading parameters and before starting fuel supply, the controller can also perform a safety purging and preheating process: the controller starts the blower or opens the purging valve to purge the combustion chamber and mixing chamber to remove any possible residual combustible gases; at the same time, components such as the igniter or catalytic converter can be briefly preheated as needed to create better conditions for ignition.

[0027] After the self-test passes and the parameters are successfully loaded, the method includes the following steps: S1. Based on preset combustion parameters, the controller sends a start command to the combustion pump in the actuator group and a first adjustment command to the flow valve to initiate fuel supply. Specifically, the controller first calculates the initial opening degree of the flow valve based on the initial fuel flow parameters. Then, the controller sends a start command to the combustion pump's drive circuit through its digital output port, controlling the combustion pump to start operating. Simultaneously, the controller sends a first adjustment command to the flow valve's positioner through its analog output port or fieldbus. This command carries the initial opening value, commanding the flow valve to open to the predetermined opening degree. Thus, driven by the combustion pump, fuel is supplied to the system's mixing chamber through the flow valve adjusted to the initial opening degree, establishing the initial fuel supply process and providing the material basis for subsequent pressure establishment and stable control of the mixing chamber.

[0028] Continue to refer to Figure 1-3 The combustion control method for combustion heating equipment proposed in this invention further includes the following steps: S2. The controller receives pressure signals from the pressure sensors in the sensor group and determines whether the pressure in the mixing chamber meets the preset stability conditions based on the pressure signals.

[0029] The core of this step is to perform closed-loop regulation of the pressure in the mixing chamber (the premixed space for fuel and air) until it reaches and remains stable. Specifically, this includes the following sub-steps: S21. The controller obtains the current pressure value based on the pressure signal and compares the current pressure value with the preset target pressure value.

[0030] The controller continuously reads signals from pressure sensors (e.g., converted to 4-20mA analog signals via a transmitter) through its analog input module, and converts them into digital signals characterizing the mixing chamber pressure, i.e., the current pressure value, according to a predetermined calibration relationship. The controller will Compared with the preset target pressure value retrieved from the combustion-supporting parameter set Perform real-time comparisons and calculate the deviation. .

[0031] S22. If the deviation between the current pressure value and the preset target pressure value is not within the preset allowable error range, the controller generates a pressure adjustment command based on the PID control algorithm. The pressure adjustment command is used to adjust the speed of the combustion pump and / or the opening of the flow valve, and returns to step S21.

[0032] Controller determines deviation Is the absolute value greater than the preset allowable error threshold? (For example, ±5% of the target pressure value). If If the pressure is unstable, the system will immediately enter closed-loop regulation.

[0033] The specific process of generating pressure regulation commands based on the PID control algorithm is as follows: the controller will adjust the deviation... Input a dedicated pressure control PID controller. This PID controller calculates the output control quantity according to the following discretization formula based on the proportional (Kp), integral (Ki), and derivative (Kd) coefficients. :

[0034] in, For the control cycle. The controller according to The value generates a specific pressure regulation command. This command may be mapped to at least one of the following actions: For combustion pumps: Adjust the frequency or voltage of their drivers to change the pump speed.

[0035] For flow valves: output a new opening setting value (e.g., 0-100%) to the valve positioner.

[0036] To ensure smooth adjustment during pressure closed-loop regulation, the following specific rules can be set: 1. Adjustment Range Limit: Each adjustment to the flow valve opening shall not exceed 10% of its current opening to prevent drastic pressure fluctuations. 2. Adjustment Cycle: Pressure detection and adjustment commands are issued at fixed time intervals, such as once every 2 seconds. 3. Stability Criterion: N consecutive sampling cycles can be specifically set to 3 consecutive adjustment cycles. The allowable error range can be specifically set to ±5% of the preset target pressure value. That is, when the pressure values ​​detected for 3 consecutive times are all within ±5% of the target value, the pressure is considered stable.

[0037] In addition, as an optimization, the controller can record the number of pressure adjustments. If the mixing chamber pressure still does not reach a stable condition after the number of consecutive adjustments exceeds a preset upper limit (e.g., 10 times), the controller determines that the pressure establishment has failed, triggers a pressure adjustment fault alarm, records relevant data, and then proceeds to the fault handling process.

[0038] After the instruction is generated and issued, the process returns to step S21, where the controller reads the new pressure signal again and begins a new round of comparison and judgment, thus forming a real-time pressure closed-loop control loop.

[0039] S23. If the deviation between the current pressure value and the preset target pressure value is within the preset allowable error range, the controller determines that the mixing chamber pressure meets the preset stability condition.

[0040] The preset stability condition here refers to the condition being met within N consecutive control cycles (N>1, for example, N=3). Within, the pressure deviation obtained in each calculation The absolute values ​​are all less than or equal to the allowable error threshold. This continuous stabilization mechanism effectively filters out occasional signal noise interference, ensuring that the pressure is in a true dynamic equilibrium state. Once this condition is met, the controller will determine that the mixing chamber pressure has stabilized, creating the necessary conditions for safe ignition, and will exit the pressure regulation cycle in step S2.

[0041] Continue to refer to Figure 1-3 The combustion control method for combustion heating equipment proposed in this invention further includes the following steps: S3. If the stability condition is met, the controller sends an ignition start command to the igniter in the actuator group and receives the flame status signal from the flame sensor in the sensor group.

[0042] After confirming pressure stability in step S2, the controller immediately executes the ignition sequence. Specifically, the controller sends a signal with a duration of [duration missing] to the igniter's drive circuit via its digital output port. An ignition start command (typically a high-level pulse) is given (e.g., 2 seconds). This command triggers the igniter (such as a high-voltage transformer) to generate a continuous high-voltage arc.

[0043] Simultaneously, the controller begins to perform flame monitoring tasks in parallel. It continuously reads flame status signals from ultraviolet or infrared flame sensors via digital input ports. When a specific band of flame radiation is detected, the signal outputs a high level or pulse train, indicating the presence of a flame; otherwise, it outputs a low level, indicating no flame.

[0044] A preset judgment time window after the controller sends the ignition command (For example Within seconds, the flame status signal is continuously monitored and analyzed to determine whether ignition is successful, providing direct input for the next step S4.

[0045] Continue to refer to Figure 1-3 The combustion control method for combustion heating equipment proposed in this invention further includes the following steps: S4. The controller determines whether ignition was successful based on the flame status signal, including the following sub-steps: S41. Within a preset time window after sending the ignition start command, the controller monitors the flame status signal.

[0046] In step S3, the controller issues an ignition start command and simultaneously starts an internal timer, entering a period of time T. window The monitoring cycle. Within this time window (e.g., the duration of the ignition command T). ignite After the process ends, extend for another 3-5 seconds), and the controller samples the flame sensor signal through its digital input port at a higher frequency (e.g., 10 times per second).

[0047] S42. If a stable signal indicating the presence of a flame is continuously received within the preset time window, then ignition is determined to be successful.

[0048] The controller analyzes the sampled flame status signal. The so-called "stable signal indicating the presence of a flame" can be defined in practice as follows: the flame sensor outputs a valid high level or a regular pulse train across multiple consecutive sampling points (e.g., 5 consecutive samples). Once within the time window T... window Once a stable flame signal matching this definition is detected, the controller determines that the ignition was successful and records the success flag. The process then smoothly transitions to step S5.

[0049] S43. If no stable signal indicating the presence of a flame is received within the time window, ignition is deemed to have failed.

[0050] If within the preset time window T window If the controller still fails to detect a stable flame signal that meets the above definition at the end, the ignition attempt is deemed a failure.

[0051] After an ignition failure is detected, the system will automatically enter the retry ignition process: The controller first checks whether the current state meets the safety retry conditions (e.g., whether the mixing chamber pressure is still within the stable range, and whether the system temperature is normal). If so, the controller will automatically repeat steps S3 (sending the ignition command) and S4 (judging the result), provided that the safety conditions permit. The number of retry attempts, K, is a preset positive integer, for example, K=3. The controller maintains a retry counter internally, which increments by one for each failure.

[0052] If any ignition attempt is deemed successful after a maximum of K repetitions, the process proceeds to step S5. If all attempts are deemed unsuccessful after K repetitions, the controller determines an ignition fault, immediately triggers an ignition fault alarm, interrupts the current startup process, and executes the fault handling process instead.

[0053] Continue to refer to Figure 1-3 The combustion control method for combustion heating equipment proposed in this invention further includes the following steps: S5. If ignition is determined to be successful, the controller switches to the main combustion mode and sends a second adjustment command to the air-fuel ratio adjustment mechanism in the actuator group to adjust the air-fuel ratio according to the combustion state.

[0054] Once step S4 determines that ignition is successful, the controller switches its operating status flag from ignition mode to main combustion mode. In this mode, the core control objective shifts from ensuring pressure stability to pursuing combustion optimization.

[0055] The air-fuel ratio is adjusted based on combustion conditions. The combustion condition parameters include not only the measured oxygen content in the flue gas, but also one or more of the following parameters for combined judgment and optimization: Real-time fuel flow rate: Based on changes in fuel flow rate, the baseline value of the air supply is adjusted synchronously according to a preset air-fuel ratio curve. Combustion load demand: Based on external heat demand signals, the total supply of fuel and air is dynamically adjusted to maintain an optimized air-fuel ratio. Flue gas temperature and composition: Monitoring flue gas temperature and the content of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, etc., serves as an auxiliary basis for judging whether combustion is complete. Environmental parameters: Integrating ambient temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure sensor signals is used to compensate for the impact of air density changes on the required air volumetric flow rate, improving the adaptability under different altitudes and climatic conditions. Based on the above multiple parameters, the controller can generate the final optimized air-fuel ratio target value through weighted fusion or hierarchical decision algorithms, and then perform precise tracking and adjustment through a PID control loop.

[0056] The theoretical basis for a preset air-fuel ratio curve or target oxygen content value may include the excess air coefficient (λ). For example, for gaseous fuels such as natural gas, the target range for the excess air coefficient λ can be set between 1.1 and 1.3, and it can be converted into the corresponding target oxygen content value in flue gas, such as 3% to 5%, through theoretical calculation or experimental calibration, as the basis for setting the preset target oxygen content value.

[0057] In practice, the controller generates and sends a second adjustment command for optimizing the air-fuel ratio in the following manner: The system continuously monitors the oxygen concentration in the flue gas using oxygen content sensors (such as zirconia sensors) deployed in the flue. The controller reads the signal from this sensor, and after filtering and calibration, obtains the measured value of the flue gas oxygen content. 2_meas .

[0058] The controller will measure the value O 2_meas Compared with the preset optimal target oxygen content value O 2_target (For example, set to 3.5% based on fuel type) Compare and calculate the deviation. =O 2_target -O 2_meas This deviation It directly reflects the degree of deviation of the current air-fuel ratio from the ideal state.

[0059] The control quantity is calculated based on the PID control algorithm: the controller will calculate the oxygen content deviation. Input another PID controller specifically responsible for air-fuel ratio optimization. This controller also calculates the output control quantity based on the proportional, integral, and derivative coefficients according to the following formula. :

[0060] This control quantity It is a dimensionless value or a value with specific engineering units, and its magnitude and direction directly determine the extent to which the air supply needs to be adjusted.

[0061] The controller calculates the control quantity. This is then converted into a specific control command for the air-fuel ratio regulating mechanism, namely the second regulating command.

[0062] If the air-fuel ratio regulating mechanism is a variable frequency fan, the instruction may be a new frequency setpoint (Hz) sent to the fan's inverter; if the air-fuel ratio regulating mechanism is an electric damper, the instruction may be a new opening percentage (0-100%) sent to the damper's actuator.

[0063] By executing this command, the system adjusts the supply of combustion air in real time, thereby dynamically correcting the air-fuel ratio and stabilizing the combustion process within a preset high-efficiency, low-emission range (i.e., near the target oxygen content value). This optimization process continues continuously and automatically throughout the main combustion phase, forming an independent closed-loop control loop with combustion efficiency as the optimization objective.

[0064] In main combustion mode, in addition to optimizing the air-fuel ratio, the controller also performs an independent safety monitoring and protection task in parallel. This task is independent of the main control loop and runs with high priority. Specifically, the controller continuously receives real-time signals from the temperature sensor (monitoring the combustion chamber temperature), the pressure sensor (monitoring the pressure at key points of the system), and the flame sensor (monitoring the flame status) through its input module.

[0065] The controller compares the received temperature and pressure signals with preset safety thresholds and continuously analyzes the flame status signals. The safety thresholds include: a first temperature threshold (e.g., 800°C) and a first pressure threshold (e.g., 50 kPa).

[0066] If the temperature signal value exceeds the first temperature threshold, the controller immediately determines that an over-temperature has occurred.

[0067] If the pressure signal value exceeds the first pressure threshold, the controller immediately determines that overpressure has occurred.

[0068] If the flame status signal changes from indicating flame to no flame during continuous monitoring, the controller immediately determines that flameout has occurred.

[0069] If any of the above-mentioned over-temperature, over-pressure, or flameout conditions occur, the controller will immediately interrupt any currently executing routine control logic and trigger the highest priority emergency protection action: If overheating occurs: The controller immediately sends an emergency stop command to the combustion pump drive circuit through the digital output port, cuts off the power supply to the fuel pump, forcibly stops the fuel supply, and simultaneously activates the overheating alarm unit of the audible and visual alarm.

[0070] In case of overpressure: The controller immediately sends an opening command to the solenoid coil of the pressure relief valve through the digital output port, causing the pressure relief valve to open quickly to release the pressure, and at the same time activates the overpressure alarm unit of the audible and visual alarm.

[0071] In the event of flameout: The controller immediately activates the flameout protection procedure. This procedure first immediately closes the main fuel valve and may initiate a purge process to remove residual combustible gases, while simultaneously activating the flameout alarm unit of the audible and visual alarm.

[0072] When any of the above emergency protection actions are triggered, or when a serious anomaly requiring a system-level response occurs, such as an ignition failure, the controller immediately switches to a preset fault handling procedure to ensure safety and assist in subsequent maintenance. This procedure executes the following steps in sequence: 1. The controller sends a shut-off command to all fuel valves and combustion air valves to completely cut off the supply source, and stops the combustion pump, blower and other main power equipment as needed.

[0073] 2. The controller initiates the fault diagnosis program, retrieves and analyzes complete operating data (including all sensor readings, actuator status and control command records) for a period of time before and after the fault occurred, in order to determine the nature of the fault root cause (e.g., transient signal interference, actuator jamming, or persistent hardware failure).

[0074] The fault diagnosis program can provide specific recovery instructions based on the fault characteristics: For the diagnosis and handling of abnormal sensor data: the system can enable signal rationality verification. If a suspected sensor failure is detected, in addition to attempting to switch to a backup sensor, the system can also record the faulty sensor's identifier and reading deviation, providing maintenance personnel with clear guidance for calibration or replacement. In the absence of a backup sensor, a conservative safety preset value can be used for short-term degraded operation based on historical safety data or model-estimated values, while strengthening the monitoring of related parameters.

[0075] For the diagnosis and handling of actuator malfunctions: The diagnostic procedure analyzes the differences between the command and feedback signals. If mechanical jamming (such as valve jamming) is determined, in addition to recording the alarm, under safe conditions, try driving the actuator to perform several small reciprocating movements (such as trembling) to attempt to release the jamming. If the fault is determined to be in the drive circuit or feedback element, record the detailed fault code.

[0076] For abnormal system operation (such as combustion fluctuations): After determining that it is not a hardware fault, the air-fuel ratio parameter can be automatically fine-tuned or a gentle readjustment process can be initiated to attempt to bring the system back to a stable state. Alarm reset and restart: For transient faults that have been eliminated, operators can confirm and reset the alarm through the human-machine interface. After receiving the reset command, the system will re-execute the self-test process, and will only allow restarting after confirming that there are no errors.

[0077] 3. If the diagnostic results indicate a recoverable fault (such as intermittent communication interruption or abnormal software status), the controller will attempt an automatic reset after confirming that the environment is safe (such as resetting the relevant I / O modules or restarting a specific control task).

[0078] If the reset is successful and the critical safety parameters are rechecked and found to be normal, the controller can select to return to the appropriate node in the process based on the fault point, such as returning to execute step S1 (reinitialization and startup) or step S2 (re-establishing pressure stability).

[0079] If the fault is determined to require manual intervention or automatic reset fails, the controller will trigger a clear alarm indicating that manual maintenance is required.

[0080] 4. Regardless of whether the fault is recoverable, the controller performs a final safety operation before entering a stable shutdown state to ensure the equipment is in an energy-isolated state. Simultaneously, the key event sequences, parameter curves, and fault-time data snapshots for this operating cycle are fully saved to the non-volatile operating log to provide a basis for post-event analysis.

[0081] Thus, the combustion control method encompasses a complete closed-loop logic, from system startup, stable ignition, main combustion optimization, full-process safety monitoring to handling abnormal faults.

[0082] The present invention also proposes a combustion-supporting control system for a combustion heating device, for implementing any of the above methods, the system comprising a controller, a sensor group, and an actuator group; The sensor group includes a pressure sensor and a flame sensor. The pressure sensor is connected to the controller and is configured to monitor the mixing chamber pressure and provide a pressure signal to the controller so that the controller can determine whether the mixing chamber pressure meets the preset stability conditions. The flame sensor is connected to the controller and is configured to monitor the flame status and provide a flame status signal to the controller so that the controller can determine whether ignition is successful. The actuator assembly includes a combustion pump, a flow valve, an igniter, and an air-fuel ratio regulating mechanism. The combustion pump is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to start in response to the controller's start command. The flow valve is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to adjust its opening in response to the controller's first regulating command to coordinate with the combustion pump to start fuel supply. The igniter is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to perform ignition in response to the controller's ignition start command after the controller determines that stable conditions are met. The air-fuel ratio regulating mechanism is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to adjust the air-fuel ratio in response to the controller's second regulating command after the controller determines that ignition is successful and switches to the main combustion mode.

[0083] The present invention also proposes a terminal device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the combustion-supporting control method for a combustion heating device as described above.

[0084] The present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the combustion-supporting control method for a combustion heating device as described above.

[0085] The following is for reference. Figure 4 It shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer system 400 suitable for implementing terminal devices or servers in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 The terminal device or server shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0086] like Figure 4 As shown, the computer system 400 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 401, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on programs stored in read-only memory (ROM) 402 or programs loaded from storage section 408 into random access memory (RAM) 403. The RAM 403 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the computer system 400. The CPU 401, ROM 402, and RAM 403 are interconnected via a bus 404. An input / output (I / O) interface 405 is also connected to the bus 404.

[0087] The following components are connected to I / O interface 405: input section 406 including keyboard, mouse, etc.; output section 407 including liquid crystal display (LCD) and speakers, etc.; storage section 408 including hard disk, etc.; and communication section 409 including network interface card such as LAN card, modem, etc. Communication section 409 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. Drive 410 is also connected to I / O interface 405 as needed. Removable media 411, such as disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., are installed on drive 410 as needed so that computer programs read from them can be installed into storage section 408 as needed.

[0088] Specifically, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of this disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 409, and / or installed from removable medium 411. When the computer program is executed by central processing unit (CPU) 401, it performs the functions defined in the methods of this application. It should be noted that the computer-readable medium described in this application can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable medium or any combination thereof. The computer-readable medium can be, for example,—but not limited to—an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this application, a computer-readable medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this application, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable signal medium can also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable medium that can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code contained on a computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0089] Computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0090] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0091] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A combustion-supporting control method for a combustion heating device, executed by a controller, wherein the controller is communicatively connected to a sensor group and an actuator group, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. The controller sends a start command to the combustion pump in the actuator group and a first adjustment command to the flow valve based on preset combustion parameters to start the fuel supply. S2. The controller receives pressure signals from the pressure sensors in the sensor group and determines whether the pressure in the mixing chamber meets the preset stability conditions based on the pressure signals. S3. If it is determined that the stability condition is met, the controller sends an ignition start command to the igniter in the actuator group and receives the flame status signal from the flame sensor in the sensor group. S4. The controller determines whether ignition is successful based on the flame status signal. S5. If ignition is determined to be successful, the controller switches to the main combustion mode and sends a second adjustment command to the air-fuel ratio adjustment mechanism in the actuator group to adjust the air-fuel ratio according to the combustion state.

2. The combustion control method for a combustion heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: In the main combustion mode, the controller continuously receives temperature signals from the temperature sensor in the sensor group, pressure signals from the pressure sensor, and flame status signals from the flame sensor; The controller determines whether overheating has occurred based on the temperature signal, whether overpressure has occurred based on the pressure signal, and whether flameout has occurred based on the flame status signal. If any of the following situations occurs: over-temperature, over-pressure, or flameout, the controller will execute the corresponding emergency protection action.

3. The combustion control method for a combustion heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The controller performs corresponding emergency protection actions, specifically including: If overheating occurs, the controller sends an emergency stop command to the combustion pump and triggers an overheating alarm; If overpressure occurs, the controller sends an opening command to the pressure relief valve and triggers an overpressure alarm; If a flameout occurs, the controller will activate the flameout protection program and trigger a flameout alarm.

4. The combustion control method for a combustion heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2, which determines whether the mixing chamber pressure meets the preset stability condition based on the pressure signal, includes the following sub-steps: S21. The controller obtains the current pressure value based on the pressure signal and compares the current pressure value with a preset target pressure value; S22. If the deviation between the current pressure value and the preset target pressure value is not within the preset allowable error range, the controller generates a pressure adjustment command based on the PID control algorithm. The pressure adjustment command is used to adjust the speed of the combustion pump and / or the opening of the flow valve, and returns to step S21. S23. If the deviation between the current pressure value and the preset target pressure value is within the preset allowable error range, the controller determines that the mixing chamber pressure meets the preset stability condition, wherein the preset stability condition means that within N consecutive sampling periods, the absolute value of the deviation between the current pressure value and the preset target pressure value is within the preset error range, where N is an integer greater than 1.

5. The combustion control method for a combustion heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4, in which the controller determines whether ignition is successful based on the flame status signal, includes the following sub-steps: S41. Within a preset time window after sending the ignition start command, the controller monitors the flame status signal; S42. If a stable signal indicating the presence of a flame is continuously received within the preset time window, then ignition is determined to be successful. S43. If no stable signal indicating the presence of a flame is received within the time window, ignition is determined to have failed. After determining that ignition has failed, the controller automatically repeats steps S3 to S4 up to K times, where K is a preset positive integer, provided that safety conditions are met. If ignition still fails after repeating K times, an ignition fault alarm is triggered and the fault handling process is initiated.

6. The combustion control method for a combustion heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the controller generates the second adjustment command in the following manner: Obtain the measured value of oxygen content in the flue gas; Calculate the deviation between the measured oxygen content and the preset target oxygen content value; The deviation is input into the PID controller for calculation to obtain the control quantity; The second adjustment command is generated based on the control quantity.

7. The combustion control method for a combustion heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before step S1, the system also includes system initialization and self-test steps: The controller performs a hardware self-test; if the self-test passes, the controller loads the preset combustion-supporting parameters and continues to execute step S1; if the self-test fails, a hardware fault alarm is triggered and the process is terminated. Following step S5, a fault handling step is also included: The controller controls the fuel valve and combustion air valve to close; The controller initiates fault diagnosis and analyzes the fault type based on the operating data before and after the fault occurred; If the fault is determined to be recoverable, the controller performs an automatic reset attempt; if the reset is successful, it returns to step S1 or step S2. If the fault is determined to require manual intervention or the automatic reset fails, the controller will trigger a manual maintenance alarm and perform a safety shutdown and save the operating data.

8. A combustion-supporting control system for a combustion heating device, characterized in that, The system for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 includes a controller, a sensor group, and an actuator group; The sensor group includes a pressure sensor and a flame sensor. The pressure sensor is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to monitor the mixing chamber pressure and provide a pressure signal to the controller so that the controller can determine whether the mixing chamber pressure meets a preset stability condition. The flame sensor is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to monitor the flame state and provide a flame state signal to the controller so that the controller can determine whether ignition is successful. The actuator assembly includes a combustion pump, a flow valve, an igniter, and an air-fuel ratio regulating mechanism. The combustion pump is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to start in response to a start command from the controller. The flow valve is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to adjust its opening in response to a first regulating command from the controller to coordinate with the combustion pump to start fuel supply. The igniter is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to perform ignition in response to an ignition start command from the controller after the controller determines that the stability condition is met. The air-fuel ratio regulating mechanism is communicatively connected to the controller and configured to adjust the air-fuel ratio in response to a second regulating command from the controller after the controller determines that ignition is successful and switches to the main combustion mode.

9. A terminal device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the combustion-supporting control method for a combustion heating device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the combustion-supporting control method for a combustion heating device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images