Steel bar loading and unloading vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of loading and unloading vehicle equipment, in particular to a reinforcing steel bar loading and unloading vehicle which comprises a vehicle head, a truck chassis, a hydraulic lifting mechanism, a compartment, a conveying mechanism and a position correcting device. The carriage is installed on the hydraulic lifting mechanism, the conveying mechanism is contained in the carriage, and the position correcting device is installed on the carriage. The supporting claws and the self-adjusting magnetic attraction device are arranged on the conveying mechanism, when the reinforcing steel bars are loaded, the reinforcing steel bars can be automatically loaded only by electrifying the conveying mechanism, and the reinforcing steel bars can be regularly arranged in the carriage by installing the position correcting device on the carriage; according to the invention, the hydraulic lifting mechanism is arranged below the carriage, so that when the reinforcing steel bars are unloaded, the rapid unloading of the reinforcing steel bars can be realized only by inclining the carriage at a certain angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of loading and unloading equipment technology, specifically a steel bar loading and unloading vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Reinforcing bars typically refer to round steel bars with a diameter of 6 mm to 50 mm, possessing high strength and corrosion resistance. They are widely used in construction, bridges, tunnels, and water conservancy projects to strengthen concrete structures, improving their load-bearing capacity and durability.

[0003] During construction, a large amount of steel bars are required. Current technology usually uses large heavy-duty trucks for transportation. When loading and unloading steel bars, cranes or overhead cranes are needed to assist in loading and unloading. The loading and unloading costs are high and the efficiency is low. There is also the possibility that the steel bars may fall off due to insecure binding. Furthermore, if there are no cranes or overhead cranes on site, loading and unloading cannot be carried out, which delays the construction progress.

[0004] For example, Chinese invention patent authorization announcement number CN107098279B (publication date: 2019-04-05) discloses a hydraulic engineering steel bar crane that can be easily loaded and unloaded and efficiently and stably lifted. Its technical solution involves four fixed support legs symmetrically installed on both sides of a support platform. An electrically controlled rotating base is fixedly installed on the upper part of the support platform. A main support arm is fixedly installed on the upper part of the electrically controlled rotating base. A working arm is rotatably installed at the end of the main support arm. A hydraulic telescopic column is fixedly installed on one side of the main support arm. A sliding block is slidably installed at the lower middle part of the working arm. A lifting load-bearing body is fixedly installed at the lower end of the sliding block. The lifting load-bearing body includes a balance load-bearing block and a retraction shaft. The balance load-bearing block is slidably installed below the retraction shaft. A steel bar lifting and transport frame is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lifting load-bearing body. During the lifting and transporting process, the electrically controlled rotating base can increase the working range. This invention is actually just an improvement on a traditional crane. While the steel bar lifting and transport frame design improves safety during lifting, it does not solve the problem of needing auxiliary vehicles for steel bar loading and unloading, nor can it combine steel bar loading, unloading, and transportation.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems and better realize the loading, unloading and transportation of steel bars, a steel bar loading and unloading vehicle is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a steel bar loading and unloading vehicle. By improving the vehicle body structure, adding a steel bar loading and unloading device, and changing the traditional steel bar loading and unloading method, the invention solves the problems that traditional steel bar loading and unloading requires the cooperation of a crane or overhead crane, and that steel bars may fall off due to insecure binding during the lifting process, and that long steel bars are also prone to bending and twisting.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A rebar loading and unloading vehicle includes a cab, a truck chassis, a hydraulic lifting mechanism, a cargo box, a conveying mechanism, and a positioning device. The cab is mounted at the front, and the truck chassis is connected to the rear of the cab. The truck chassis is used to bear the weight of the cargo box and the weight of the rebars it carries. Its load capacity can be selected between 10 tons and 40 tons depending on the length of the vehicle. The hydraulic lifting mechanism is installed on the truck chassis. The hydraulic lifting mechanism is used to tilt the cargo box at a certain angle when unloading the rebars, allowing the rebars to slide out of the cargo box under their own weight. The hydraulic lifting mechanism is equipped with the carriage, which has two layers. The upper layer of the carriage is used to load steel bars, and the lower layer is divided into a large mezzanine for loading the conveying mechanism and a small mezzanine for storing miscellaneous items. The conveying mechanism is installed between one side of the carriage and the ground. The conveying mechanism is used to transport steel bars from the ground to the carriage when loading them, and also to transfer steel bars from the carriage to the ground when unloading them. The alignment device is fixedly installed on the carriage, and the alignment device is used to neatly arrange the steel bars that have been loaded onto the carriage.

[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic lifting mechanism includes a main hydraulic strut and a side hydraulic mechanism. The bottom end of the main hydraulic strut is rotatably connected to the chassis of the truck, and the top end is rotatably connected to the cargo box. Since the load of the steel bar loading and unloading vehicle is large, in order to improve the stability and safety of the cargo box, multiple main hydraulic struts are arranged along the axial direction of the chassis of the truck. The specific number is determined according to the length of the cargo box and the load. Each main hydraulic strut evenly distributes the pressure of the cargo box. The side hydraulic mechanism is rotatably connected to the chassis of the truck and the cargo box respectively. One is symmetrically installed on each side of the main hydraulic strut. It is used to tilt the cargo box when unloading steel bars. When the cargo box needs to tilt to the left, the side hydraulic mechanism on the right provides an upward thrust, and vice versa. In this way, the cargo box can achieve a tilt of 0-30 degrees to support more convenient steel bar unloading.

[0010] Preferably, the side hydraulic mechanism includes a crossbar, an upper connecting rod, a side hydraulic rod, and a lower connecting rod. Multiple upper connecting rods and side hydraulic rods are arrayed on the crossbar. The lower end of each upper connecting rod is rotatably connected to the lower connecting rod. The lower ends of the side hydraulic rods and the lower connecting rods are rotatably connected to the chassis of the truck. When the rebar loading and unloading vehicle is in loading and transporting operations, the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod form an acute angle. When the rebar loading and unloading vehicle is unloading, the hydraulic cylinder of the side hydraulic rod pushes the piston rod out of the cylinder, applying an upward supporting force to the crossbar, causing the crossbar to move upward. This, in turn, drives the upper connecting rod connected to the crossbar to move upward, gradually increasing the angle between the upper and lower connecting rods to achieve the tilting of the truck bed and provide stable support.

[0011] Preferably, the carriage includes a large mezzanine, a small mezzanine, a floor, baffles, and a door. The large mezzanine is fixedly connected to the small mezzanine. The large mezzanine is used to house the conveying mechanism, and the small mezzanine is used to place other miscellaneous items. The floor is integral with the top of the large and small mezzanines. The baffles are fixedly and vertically installed at the front and rear of the floor. The door is symmetrically installed along the left and right sides of the carriage and is hinged to the floor. Arc-shaped plates are provided on both sides of the door. The arc-shaped plates are used to limit and protect the unloading of steel bars.

[0012] Preferably, the conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt, a drive shaft, a motor, a driven shaft, fixed support rods, movable support rods, claws, a self-adjusting magnetic attraction device, and an auxiliary magnetic attraction device. The conveyor belt is ring-shaped, and the drive shaft is installed on the side of the conveyor belt closest to the ground. The drive shaft and the conveyor belt can be connected by a belt, a chain, or a small gear. Generally, when the nominal diameter of the reinforcing bar is small, the power requirement is low, and a belt connection can be used. When the nominal diameter of the reinforcing bar is slightly larger, a sprocket can be used. When the nominal diameter of the reinforcing bar continues to increase, the power requirement is greater, and belt and chain connections cannot meet the requirements, so a small gear needs to be used. The driven shaft is installed on the side of the conveyor belt closest to the carriage, and the motor is installed at one end of the drive shaft. The motor is an asynchronous motor, which can adjust the speed of the drive shaft. Fixed support rods are symmetrically installed at both ends of the drive shaft, and the base of the fixed support rods is placed on the ground to facilitate the loading of the reinforcing bars. The steel bars are fed onto the conveyor belt. The height of the fixed support rod does not exceed 100mm. The auxiliary magnetic suction device is installed on the drive shaft. For steel bars with larger diameters, the attraction force generated by the self-adjusting magnetic suction device alone may be insufficient to attract the steel bars onto the conveyor belt. In this case, the auxiliary magnetic suction device will generate additional attraction force to assist in attracting these steel bars. The movable support rods are symmetrically installed at both ends of the driven shaft. The height of the movable support rods can be adjusted according to the loading amount of steel bars. Multiple claws are arrayed along the path on the conveyor belt. The self-adjusting magnetic suction device is fixedly installed on the claw. The self-adjusting magnetic suction device is connected in parallel with the motor to a power source. When the motor is powered on, the self-adjusting magnetic suction device is also powered on. All the self-adjusting magnetic suction devices on the conveyor mechanism are connected in parallel. When loading is performed, the self-adjusting magnetic suction devices below the conveyor belt are powered on, while the self-adjusting magnetic suction devices above the conveyor belt are powered off.

[0013] Preferably, the claw is hinged to the conveyor belt via a hinge joint made of high-strength aluminum alloy. Since the claw occupies a large space during operation and is inconvenient to store, setting the connection between the claw and the conveyor belt as a hinge allows the claw to rotate upwards until its tip contacts the conveyor belt. This reduces the space occupied by the conveyor mechanism, making it easier to store it in the large compartment on the lower level of the carriage specifically designed for storing the conveyor mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the self-adjusting magnetic attraction device includes a rectangular iron core and a coil winding. The total length of the rectangular iron core is the same as the width of the conveyor belt. The rectangular iron core can be made of ferrite or steel and ferrite. Ferrite has high magnetic permeability and low magnetic saturation intensity, making it suitable for loading steel bars with a diameter of less than 30mm. Steel and ferrite have high magnetic saturation intensity and can generate a stronger attraction force than ferrite under higher current. The coil winding is wound around the rectangular iron core and is electrically connected to the button.

[0015] Preferably, the conveyor belt has a groove at a position corresponding to the contact surface of the claw. The groove should be able to allow the claw to rotate into a certain angle. A button is installed in the groove. When loading steel bars, the self-adjusting magnetic suction device fixedly installed on the claw attracts the steel bars to the claw. As the claw rises with the conveyor belt from the drive shaft, the claw is subjected to increased gravity, causing the claw to press down around the hinge point with the conveyor belt and sink into the groove. Pressing the button de-energizes the coil winding in the self-adjusting magnetic suction device. Therefore, during the time the steel bars are transported on the conveyor belt to the carriage, the self-adjusting magnetic suction device in the claw above the conveyor belt is not energized and does not generate magnetic force. The steel bars are transported to the carriage solely by the claw.

[0016] Preferably, the auxiliary magnetic attraction device includes a rolling bearing, an arc-shaped iron core, and an excitation coil. The rolling bearing is mounted on the drive shaft, and the arc-shaped iron core is mounted on the rolling bearing. A lead wire groove is formed at a 90° position in the middle of the arc-shaped iron core, and the excitation coil passes through the lead wire groove and is wound around half of the arc-shaped iron core. The drive shaft rotates continuously during operation, and mounting the rolling bearing on it ensures that the position of the auxiliary magnetic attraction device does not rotate with the drive shaft. When loading steel bars, the conveying mechanism is usually installed in an empty area, so the steel bars generally will not appear directly below the conveyor belt or closer to the vehicle body. Usually, the steel bars will be in a projection position of 0-60° with the axis of the drive shaft as the base point. Therefore, by simply winding half of the arc-shaped iron core, targeted attraction force can be generated for the target area.

[0017] Preferably, the conveying mechanism is a segmented design, with each segment being an independent unit. The speed and relative position of each segment when conveying the reinforcing bars must be synchronized. To facilitate loading and unloading and address the issue of loading reinforcing bars of varying lengths, the width of each segment should not exceed 5 meters. Generally, two segments can be used to transport the reinforcing bars. If the reinforcing bars are long, three segments can be used to better accommodate their length. Furthermore, when the conveying mechanism requires a segmented design, the corresponding truck chassis and cargo box also need to be lengthened to accommodate more segments of the conveying mechanism.

[0018] Preferably, the alignment device includes a support mechanism, a truss, a movable frame, a mobile trolley, a wire rope, and a hook. The support mechanism is fixedly installed at the four corners of the carriage, and the lifting and lowering of the support mechanism are synchronized. The truss is fixedly installed on the support mechanism. The truss has a rectangular structure, and a rectangular slot is opened on the long frame of the truss. The movable frame is slidably installed on the rectangular slot. To ensure stability when lifting the steel bars, two movable frames are provided, and the mobile trolley is slidably installed on each movable frame. Since the alignment device only needs to straighten a few skewed steel bars, it does not require too much power. The mobile trolley can be a lightweight trolley to reduce equipment load and purchase cost. The mobile trolley is wound with a wire rope, and the hook is fixedly installed at the lower end of the wire rope.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The present invention enables the loading and unloading of steel bars without relying on a crane or overhead crane by installing the hydraulic lifting mechanism under the carriage and having the conveying mechanism built into the carriage.

[0021] 2. A steel bar loading and unloading vehicle of the present invention, by designing the conveying mechanism and setting the conveyor belt within the conveying mechanism, and hinged the claws on the conveyor belt, can automatically convey steel bars from the ground to the truck bed during loading operations. Compared with traditional crane lifting, this greatly improves loading speed and efficiency. Furthermore, a self-adjusting magnetic suction device is installed on the claws, so that the claws automatically pick up steel bars when they move to the bottom of the conveyor belt and automatically unload steel bars when they move to the top, reducing the number of manual laborers required, lowering labor costs, and improving worker safety and health. The conveyor belt and the claws can be precisely operated and controlled, thereby reducing damage and waste of steel bars or equipment caused by improper operation of traditional cranes. Moreover, the conveyor belt only transports steel bars over a short distance between the steel bar loading and unloading vehicle and the ground, greatly saving space.

[0022] 3. A steel bar loading and unloading vehicle of the present invention, by providing an auxiliary magnetic attraction device in the conveying mechanism, enables the attraction force to be increased to load and unload the steel bars even when encountering steel bars with a large diameter.

[0023] 4. A steel bar loading and unloading vehicle of the present invention, by installing the hydraulic lifting mechanism between the car body and the base of the load-bearing vehicle, when unloading steel bars, only needs to first install the conveying mechanism on the ground and reverse the motor, and then tilt the car body at a certain angle through the hydraulic lifting mechanism, so that the steel bars can be unloaded quickly and stably by their own weight. Compared with the prior art, this greatly improves work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the steel bar loading operation during the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of point A in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the self-adjusting magnetic attraction device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is an enlarged view of point B in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram illustrating the steel bar unloading operation of this invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a rear view of the steel bar unloading operation during the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the side hydraulic mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention during transportation operations;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism of the present invention in its stowed state.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Truck cab; 2. Truck chassis; 3. Hydraulic lifting mechanism; 31. Main hydraulic strut; 32. Side hydraulic mechanism; 321. Crossbar; 322. Upper connecting rod; 323. Side hydraulic rod; 324. Lower connecting rod; 4. Cargo compartment; 41. Large mezzanine; 42. Small mezzanine; 43. Floor plate; 44. Baffle; 45. Door; 451. Curved plate; 5. Conveying mechanism; 51. Conveyor belt; 511. Groove; 512. Button; 513. Hinge; 52. Drive 53. Driven shaft; 54. Motor; 55. Driven shaft; 56. Fixed support rod; 57. Movable support rod; 58. Claw; 59. Self-adjusting magnetic attraction device; 50. Rectangular iron core; 51. Coil winding; 52. Auxiliary magnetic attraction device; 53. Rolling bearing; 54. Arc-shaped iron core; 55. Excitation coil; 66. Lead wire groove; 67. Positioning device; 68. Support mechanism; 69. Truss; 60. Movable frame; 61. Moving trolley; 62. Steel wire rope; 63. Hook. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0037] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a rebar loading and unloading vehicle includes a cab 1, a truck chassis 2, a hydraulic lifting mechanism 3, a cargo box 4, a conveying mechanism 5, and a positioning device 6. The cab 1 is installed at the front for towing and maneuvering the vehicle. The truck chassis 2 is installed behind the cab 1 for carrying the cargo box 4 and the rebar inside. The hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 is installed on the truck chassis 2. The hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 is used to tilt the cargo box 4 at a certain angle when unloading the rebar to facilitate unloading. The cargo box 4 is installed on the truck chassis 2 and the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3. The cargo box 4 is divided into two layers. The lower layer is divided into a large mezzanine 41 for storing the conveying mechanism 5 and a small mezzanine 42 for storing other items. The upper layer is used for loading rebar. The upper layer of the cargo box 4 includes a floor plate 43, a baffle 44, and... The box door 45 is integrated with the bottom plate 43 and the top of the large interlayer 41 and the small interlayer 42. The bottom plate is fixedly and vertically installed with the baffle 44 at the front and rear. The box door 45 is symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the carriage 4 and is hinged to the bottom plate 43. The box door 45 is provided with arc-shaped plates 451 on both sides. When loading and unloading steel bars, the box door 45 can be flipped downward along the hinge, which facilitates the loading and unloading of steel bars and can also act as a protective plate to protect the carriage body. The arc-shaped plates 451 can also limit the movement of steel bars. The conveying mechanism 5 is installed between one side of the carriage 4 and the ground. The conveying mechanism 5 is used to transport steel bars from the ground to the carriage 4 when loading steel bars. The alignment device 6 is fixedly installed on the carriage 4. The alignment device 6 is used to neatly arrange the steel bars that have been loaded onto the carriage.

[0038] When loading steel bars, simply park the steel bar loading and unloading vehicle next to the steel bar pile, open one side of the box door 45, and take out the conveying mechanism 5 from the large mezzanine 41. Install one end of the conveying mechanism 5 on the ground and connect the other end to the carriage 4. Powering the conveying mechanism 5 will automatically transport the steel bars to the carriage 4. If some steel bars are not neatly arranged, the alignment device 6 can be used to align them to prevent bending of the steel bars due to uneven placement. After the loading operation is completed, the conveying mechanism 5 can be put back into the large mezzanine 41 without the need for additional loading vehicles, which is very convenient. When unloading steel bars, simply use the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 to tilt the carriage 4, and the steel bars can be automatically unloaded under their own weight. Compared with traditional crane loading and unloading of steel bars, the steel bar loading and unloading vehicle has higher work efficiency and better safety. At the same time, the small mezzanine 42 can also carry other items, improving the flexibility of transportation.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 includes a main hydraulic strut 31 and a side hydraulic mechanism 32. The bottom end of the main hydraulic strut 31 is rotatably connected to the chassis 2 of the truck, and the top end is rotatably connected to the cargo box 4. The bottom end of the side hydraulic mechanism 32 is rotatably connected to the chassis 2 of the truck, and the top end is rotatably connected to the cargo box 4. Multiple main hydraulic struts 31 are arranged along the axial direction of the chassis 2 of the truck, and the specific number is determined according to the length of the cargo box 4. Each main hydraulic strut 31 is evenly distributed under the pressure of the cargo box 4. One side hydraulic strut is installed on each side of the main hydraulic strut 31 to enable the cargo box 4 to tilt from 0 to 30 degrees when unloading steel bars. When the cargo box 4 needs to tilt to the left, the right side hydraulic mechanism 32 provides an upward thrust, and vice versa.

[0040] like Figure 9As shown, the side hydraulic mechanism 32 includes a crossbar 321, an upper connecting rod 322, a side hydraulic rod 323, and a lower connecting rod 324. Multiple upper connecting rods 322 and side hydraulic rods 323 are arrayed on the crossbar 321. The lower end of the upper connecting rod 322 is rotatably connected to the lower connecting rod 324. The lower ends of the side hydraulic rods 323 and the lower connecting rods 324 are rotatably connected to the truck chassis 2. During loading and transportation operations, the upper connecting rod 322 and the lower connecting rod 324 form an acute angle. When the steel bar loading and unloading truck is unloading, the hydraulic cylinder of the side hydraulic rod 323 pushes the piston rod out of the cylinder, applying an upward supporting force to the crossbar 321, causing the crossbar 321 to move upward. This, in turn, drives the upper connecting rod 322 connected to the crossbar 321 to move upward, gradually increasing the angle between the upper connecting rod 322 and the lower connecting rod 324, thereby achieving the tilting of the truck bed 4. In this way, the side hydraulic mechanism 32 can safely unload the goods from the steel bar loading and unloading vehicle, while providing stable support to ensure that the steel bar loading and unloading vehicle will not tip over or lose balance during the unloading process.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the conveying mechanism 5 includes a conveyor belt 51, a drive shaft 52, a motor 53, a driven shaft 54, fixed support rods 55, movable support rods 56, a claw 57, a self-adjusting magnetic attraction device 58, and an auxiliary magnetic attraction device 59. The conveyor belt 51 is annular, with a rectangular middle section and semi-circular sides when viewed from the side. The drive shaft 52 is installed on the side of the conveyor belt 51 closest to the ground, and the drive shaft 52 drives the conveyor belt 51. The driven shaft 54 ​​is installed on the side of the conveyor belt 51 closest to the carriage 4, and the driven shaft 54 ​​provides tension and support to the conveyor belt 51. The motor 53 is installed at one end of the drive shaft 52, and the fixed support rods 55 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the drive shaft 52. The fixed support rods 55 are placed on the ground for support. The auxiliary magnetic attraction device 59 is installed on the drive shaft 52. 9. The auxiliary magnetic suction device 59 is used to provide additional electromagnetic attraction to handle the handling of larger diameter steel bars. The movable support rods 56 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the driven shaft 54. As the number of steel bars in the carriage 4 increases, the movable support rods 56 need to be adjusted to ensure that the highest point of the conveyor belt 51 is always higher than the height of the steel bars in the carriage 4. Multiple claws 57 are arrayed along the path on the conveyor belt 51. Considering that the diameter of most steel bars on the market is between 6 and 30 mm, the array spacing of the claws 57 does not exceed 100 mm. The claws 57 have an L-shaped structure. During the loading of steel bars, the claw tips of the claws 57 are tilted upwards to ensure that the steel bars in the claws 57 do not roll onto the ground. The self-adjusting magnetic suction device 58 is fixedly installed on the claws 57. The self-adjusting magnetic suction device 58 is used to pick up the steel bars from the ground onto the conveyor belt 51.

[0042] When loading steel bars, first remove the conveyor belt 51 from the carriage 4, then put the fixed support rod 55 on the drive shaft 52 and reinforce the connection between the fixed support rod 55 and the ground. Next, put the movable support rod 56 on the driven shaft 54 ​​and reinforce the connection between the movable support rod 56 and the carriage 4. In the initial state, the piston rod in the movable support rod 56 should be fully retracted into the hydraulic cylinder. Then, install the motor 53 on the drive shaft 52 and energize the motor 53. The conveyor belt 51 starts moving, driving the claw 57 hinged to it to move. When the claw 57 moves to the lowest point near the ground, the self-adjusting magnetic suction device 58 installed on it picks up the steel bars on the ground and puts them into the claw 57. The steel bars are then transported into the carriage 4 along with the claw 57. Through the coordinated movement of the claw 57 and the conveyor belt 51, the conveying mechanism 5 can achieve efficient and stable steel bar loading operations and realize automated loading of steel bars. Compared with traditional cranes, it is not only easier to operate, but also safer.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, the claw 57 is hinged to the conveyor belt 51 via a hinge 513. After the steel bars are loaded, the claw 57 can be rotated upwards until the claw tip is in contact with the conveyor belt 51, thereby reducing the size of the conveying mechanism 5. This makes it easier to pack the conveying mechanism 5 into the large interlayer 41 of the carriage 4 for storing the conveying mechanism 5. This hinged connection design makes the conveying mechanism 5 more flexible. The hinge 513 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, which ensures the connection strength while reducing its own weight.

[0044] like Figure 4As shown, the conveyor belt 51 has a groove 511 at the corresponding position of the contact surface with the claw 57. The groove 511 is a fan-shaped structure with a small angle. The groove 511 can allow the claw 57 to rotate into a certain angle. A button 512 is installed in the groove 511. When loading steel bars, the self-adjusting magnetic suction device 58 fixedly installed on the claw 57 attracts the steel bars to the claw 57. As the claw 57 rises with the conveyor belt 51 from the drive shaft 52, the claw 57 will form a hook-shaped area with the conveyor belt 51 to support the picked-up steel bars. At this time, the claw 57 is subjected to increased gravity, thus the claw... Pressing down around the hinge point with the conveyor belt 51, the button 512 is pressed down, causing the coil winding 582 in the self-adjusting magnetic suction device 58 to be de-energized. Therefore, during the time the steel bar is conveyed from the conveyor belt 51 to the carriage 4, the self-adjusting magnetic suction device 58 in the claw 57 above the conveyor belt 51 is not energized and does not generate magnetic force. The steel bar is only transported to the carriage 4 by the claw 57. This invention cleverly utilizes the groove 511 on the conveyor belt 51 and the button 512 to achieve automatic power-off, effectively reducing the unnecessary power consumption when loading steel bars, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving and environmental protection.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, the self-adjusting magnetic attraction device 58 includes a rectangular iron core 581 and a coil winding 582. The rectangular iron core 581 is made of ferrite material, and the coil winding 582 is coiled around the rectangular iron core 581. The coil winding 582 is electrically connected to the button 512. During the rebar loading operation, the coil winding 582 is energized, generating an electromagnetic field. Under the action of this electromagnetic field, the rectangular iron core 581 generates an electromagnetic attraction force. When the self-adjusting magnetic attraction device 58 moves with the conveyor belt 51 to the side closest to the ground, it automatically picks up the rebar on the ground, improving work efficiency.

[0046] like Figure 6As shown, the auxiliary magnetic attraction device 59 includes a rolling bearing 591, an arc-shaped iron core 592, and an excitation coil 593. The rolling bearing 591 is mounted on the drive shaft 52, and the arc-shaped iron core 592 is mounted on the rolling bearing 591. When the drive shaft 52 rotates, due to the action of the rolling bearing 591, the arc-shaped iron core 592 can be kept directly below the drive shaft 52 under its own weight. A lead wire groove is provided at the 90° position in the middle of the arc-shaped iron core 592. The excitation coil 593 passes through the lead wire groove and is wound around half of the arc-shaped iron core 592. Normally, when loading steel bars, the conveying mechanism 5 is usually installed in an empty area, so the steel bars will not appear directly below the conveyor belt 51 or closer to the vehicle body. Therefore, only half of the arc-shaped iron core 592 needs to be wound around to generate electromagnetic attraction for the target area without doing useless work on other areas. This helps to save energy and improve efficiency.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the conveying mechanism 5 is a segmented design, with each segment being an independent unit. In this embodiment, it is designed as two segments. Typically, the length of steel bars on the market is between 6 and 12 meters. When loading steel bars, for bars shorter than 7 meters, generally only one segment of the conveying mechanism 5 is needed. If the length of the steel bar to be loaded is greater than 1.5 times the width of the conveyor belt 51 but less than 3 times the width of the conveyor belt 51, both segments of the conveying mechanism 5 can be used for loading and unloading such steel bars. When conveying steel bars, the speed and relative position of each segment of the conveying mechanism 5 must be synchronized.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 7As shown, the positioning device 6 includes a support mechanism 61, a truss 62, a movable frame 63, a moving trolley 64, a steel wire rope 65, and a hook 66. The support mechanism 61 is fixedly installed at the four corners of the carriage 4. The support mechanism 61 uses hydraulic rods and can be raised and lowered synchronously as needed. The truss 62 is fixedly installed on the support mechanism 61. The truss 62 is a rectangular structure made of I-beams. The movable frame 63 is slidably installed on the two long sides of the truss 62. Two movable frames 63 are provided, and the moving trolley 64 is slidably installed on each movable frame 63. The mobile trolley 64 has the steel wire rope 65 wound on it. The length of the steel wire rope 65 can be adjusted when the mobile trolley 64 is aligning the steel bars in the carriage 4. The lower end of the steel wire rope 65 is fixedly installed with the hook 66. During the loading of the steel bars, since the steel bars are in free fall with a certain initial horizontal velocity when they are loaded from the conveyor belt 51 to the carriage 4, considering the influence of the environment, some steel bars may not be neatly arranged after falling into the carriage 4. At this time, it is necessary to operate the mobile trolley 64 to lower the hook 66 and place the steel bars in a suitable position to avoid the phenomenon of steel bars bending due to improper position.

[0049] Example 2: Since the lengths of steel bars on the market vary, some specialized steel bars may be longer than 15 meters. In this case, the two sections of the conveyor mechanism 5 in Example 1 may not be sufficient to meet the transportation needs. One or more sections of the conveyor mechanism 5 can be added, and the lengths of the truck chassis 2 and the truck bed 4 can be increased accordingly to accommodate more sections of the conveyor mechanism 5 and longer steel bars. Longer steel bar lengths also mean that the steel bars are more prone to twisting and deformation. Compared with traditional hoisting methods, the method of loading the steel bars onto the truck using the conveyor belt 51 in this invention can significantly improve the protection of the steel bars. Furthermore, because multiple steel bars can be transported simultaneously, and the time and labor costs for hoisting and placement are reduced, production efficiency is improved.

[0050] Example 3: For thick steel bars with a diameter greater than 30 mm, which are heavy and not easily attracted by the self-adjusting magnetic attraction device 58 and the auxiliary magnetic attraction device 59, the rotation speed of the drive shaft 52 can be adjusted to reduce the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 51. This ensures that the self-adjusting magnetic attraction device 58 and the auxiliary magnetic attraction device 59 have a stable time interval to attract such steel bars. At the same time, the rectangular iron core 581 in the self-adjusting magnetic attraction device 58 can also be made of steel. Compared with ferrite cores, steel has a higher magnetic saturation strength. When the current in the coil winding 582 is high, it can generate a stronger electromagnetic attraction force to accommodate the loading of high-diameter steel bars.

[0051] Working principle: 1. The hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 unloads steel bars: When it is necessary to unload steel bars, the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 can be controlled to tilt the carriage 4 at a certain angle, so that the steel bars slide into the carriage. The conveying mechanism 5 is installed between the ground and the carriage 4, and the motor 53 is reversed to achieve smooth unloading of steel bars.

[0052] 2. Loading steel bars by the conveying mechanism 5: When it is necessary to load steel bars onto the carriage 4, the conveying mechanism 5 is first taken out from the large mezzanine 41 of the carriage 4 and installed on the ground and the carriage 4. Then, the conveying mechanism 5 is powered on, and the self-adjusting magnetic suction device 58 in the conveying mechanism 5 starts to pick up the steel bars. The claws 57 support the steel bars, and the conveyor belt 51 is driven by the drive shaft 52 to transport the steel bars onto the carriage 4.

[0053] 3. The alignment device 6 is used to straighten the skewed steel bars: When the steel bars are loaded onto the carriage 4, if there are skewed steel bars, the alignment device 6 can straighten the steel bars to ensure that the steel bars will not be bent due to pressure, and facilitate subsequent transportation.

[0054] Throughout the loading and unloading process, the operation of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 3, the conveying mechanism 5, and the positioning device 6 is controlled by the operator through the console, which enables precise control and improves operational efficiency and safety.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel bar loading and unloading vehicle, comprising a cab (1), a truck chassis (2), a hydraulic lifting mechanism (3), a cargo box (4), a conveying mechanism (5), and a positioning device (6), characterized in that, The truck chassis (2) is connected to the rear of the truck head (1). The hydraulic lifting mechanism (3) is rotatably mounted on the truck chassis (2). The hydraulic lifting mechanism (3) is used to tilt the truck body (4) at a certain angle when unloading the steel bars so as to unload the steel bars. The truck body (4) is rotatably mounted on the hydraulic lifting mechanism (3). The truck body (4) is divided into two layers. The upper layer is used to load steel bars, and the lower layer is used to place the conveying mechanism (5) and other miscellaneous items. The conveying mechanism (5) is detachably installed between one side of the truck body (4) and the ground. The conveying mechanism (5) is used to transport steel bars from the ground to the truck body (4) when loading steel bars, and to transfer steel bars from the truck body (4) to the ground when unloading steel bars. The alignment device (6) is fixedly installed on the truck body (4). The alignment device (6) is used to neatly arrange the steel bars that have been loaded onto the truck.

2. The steel bar loading and unloading vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic lifting mechanism (3) includes a main hydraulic strut (31) and a side hydraulic mechanism (32). Multiple main hydraulic struts (31) are arranged in an array along the central axis of the truck chassis (2). The side hydraulic mechanisms (32) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the main hydraulic struts (31). The side hydraulic mechanisms (32) are rotatably connected to the truck chassis (2) and the truck body (4) respectively.

3. A steel bar loading and unloading vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side hydraulic mechanism (32) includes a crossbar (321), an upper connecting rod (322), a side hydraulic rod (323), and a lower connecting rod (324). Multiple upper connecting rods (322) and side hydraulic rods (323) are arrayed on the crossbar (321). The lower end of the upper connecting rod (322) is rotatably connected to the lower connecting rod (324). The lower ends of the side hydraulic rods (323) and the lower ends of the lower connecting rods (324) are rotatably connected to the chassis (2) of the heavy-duty vehicle.

4. A steel bar loading and unloading vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carriage (4) includes a large mezzanine (41), a small mezzanine (42), a floor plate (43), a baffle (44), and a door (45). The large mezzanine (41) is fixedly connected to the small mezzanine (42). The floor plate (43) is integrated with the top of the large mezzanine (41) and the small mezzanine (42). The baffle (44) is fixedly and vertically installed on the front and rear of the floor plate (43). The door (45) is symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the carriage (4) and is hinged to the floor plate (43). Arc-shaped plates (451) are provided on both sides of the door (45).

5. A steel bar loading and unloading vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (5) includes a conveyor belt (51), a drive shaft (52), a motor (53), a driven shaft (54), a fixed support rod (55), a movable support rod (56), a claw (57), a self-adjusting magnetic suction device (58), and an auxiliary magnetic suction device (59). The conveyor belt (51) is ring-shaped. The drive shaft (52) is rotatably mounted on the side of the conveyor belt (51) closest to the ground. The driven shaft (54) is rotatably mounted on the side of the conveyor belt (51) closest to the carriage (4). The motor (53) is mounted on one end of the drive shaft (52). The two ends of the drive shaft (52) rotate symmetrically. The fixed support rod (55) is installed, the auxiliary magnetic attraction device (59) is installed on the drive shaft (52), the movable support rod (56) is symmetrically installed at both ends of the driven shaft (54), and multiple claws (57) are evenly arrayed along the path on the conveyor belt (51). The claws (57) are hinged to the conveyor belt (51) through a hinge (513). The length of the claw (57) is equal to the width of the conveyor belt (51). The hinge (513) is made of high-strength aluminum alloy. The self-adjusting magnetic attraction device (58) is fixedly installed on the claw (57).

6. A steel bar loading and unloading vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conveyor belt (51) has a groove (511) at a position corresponding to the contact surface of the claw (57), and a button (512) is installed in the groove (511).

7. A steel bar loading and unloading vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The self-adjusting magnetic attraction device (58) includes a rectangular iron core (581) and a coil winding (582). The coil winding (582) is wound around the rectangular iron core (581) and is electrically connected to the button (512).

8. A steel bar loading and unloading vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary magnetic attraction device (59) includes a rolling bearing (591), an arc-shaped iron core (592), and an excitation coil (593). The rolling bearing (591) is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft (52). The arc-shaped iron core (592) is rotatably mounted on the rolling bearing (591). A lead wire groove (594) is provided at a 90° position in the middle of the arc-shaped iron core (592). The excitation coil (593) passes through the lead wire groove (594) and is wound around half of the arc-shaped iron core (592).

9. A steel bar loading and unloading vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (5) is designed in segments. Each segment of the conveying mechanism (5) is an identical independent unit. The speed and relative position of each segment of the conveying mechanism (5) when conveying steel bars are synchronized.

10. A steel bar loading and unloading vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning device (6) includes a support mechanism (61), a truss (62), a movable frame (63), a moving trolley (64), a wire rope (65), and a hook (66). The support mechanism (61) is fixedly installed at the four corners of the carriage (4). The truss (62) is fixedly installed on the support mechanism (61). The truss (62) is a rectangular structure. The movable frame (63) is slidably installed on the two long sides of the truss (62). The moving trolley (64) is slidably installed on the movable frame (63). The wire rope (65) is wound on the moving trolley (64). The hook (66) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the wire rope (65).

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