Skylight support welding tool and process

Abstract

The invention provides a skylight support welding tool and process, and relates to the technical field of skylight support welding, the skylight support welding tool comprises a bottom plate, and the front side of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with an L-shaped fixing plate; the clamping and overturning assembly is arranged at the top of the bottom plate; the number of the electromagnetic anti-falling assemblies is four; and the multi-degree-of-freedom welding mechanical arm assembly is arranged at the top of the L-shaped fixing plate. According to the clamping and overturning assembly, the skylight support can be driven to overturn, welding seams in multiple directions such as the front face and the back face of the skylight support are welded, and the flexibility and adaptability of the welding process are improved; the arranged electromagnetic anti-disengaging assembly can effectively prevent the workpiece from slipping between the clamping plates, and absolute reliability of clamping is guaranteed; and due to the arrangement of the multi-degree-of-freedom welding mechanical arm assembly, the welding head mechanism can flexibly move at multiple angles and in multiple directions in the space, and the technological adaptability of the tool is enhanced.

Description

A welding fixture and process for a sunroof bracket Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sunroof bracket welding technology, specifically, it relates to a sunroof bracket welding fixture and process. Background Technology

[0002] As a key supporting component of automotive sunroof systems, sunroof brackets are widely used in automotive body assembly. Their welding quality directly affects the overall vehicle assembly precision, structural strength, and reliability. Currently, the industry commonly employs specialized welding fixtures and matching welding processes to manufacture sunroof brackets. Existing welding fixtures typically consist of a base, positioning components, and clamping mechanisms. Positioning pins and support blocks are used to position and constrain the workpiece, and pneumatic or manual clamping is employed to maintain stable welding posture. Matching welding processes often utilize mature methods such as CO2 gas shielded welding and laser welding. These processes assemble and weld the bracket components according to pre-defined procedures to meet the connection strength and dimensional accuracy requirements of the sunroof bracket. These fixtures and processes are widely used in the mass production of automotive parts.

[0003] Existing technologies lack clamping and flipping components, meaning that sunroof brackets can only maintain a fixed posture after being clamped. Welding robotic arms cannot reach welds on the back or sides that are invisible or inaccessible, resulting in the inability to perform multi-sided welding and poor process flexibility. Furthermore, existing technologies lack electromagnetic anti-detachment components, relying solely on the mechanical clamping force of the clamping plates to fix the workpiece. During flipping, especially when the workpiece is flipped to a near-vertical or inverted position, the direction of gravity acting on the workpiece is parallel to the clamping surface, making it highly susceptible to slippage and falling, potentially causing safety accidents. Additionally, existing technologies lack multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arms. When faced with complex spatial curve welds on sunroof brackets, ordinary welding methods struggle to achieve automatic tracking, leading to low welding efficiency and inconsistent quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a welding fixture and process for sunroof brackets, which solves the problems in related technologies where sunroof brackets can only maintain a fixed posture after being clamped, and welding robotic arms cannot reach welds that are invisible or inaccessible on the back or sides; relying solely on the mechanical clamping force of the clamping plate to fix the workpiece makes it easy for the workpiece to slip or fall during the flipping process, thus causing safety accidents; and ordinary welding methods cannot achieve automatic tracking of complex spatial curve welds on sunroof brackets, resulting in low welding efficiency and unstable quality.

[0005] At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a sunroof bracket welding fixture, comprising: a base plate, an L-shaped fixing plate fixedly connected to the front side of the base plate, and a controller fixedly connected to the front side of the L-shaped fixing plate; a clamping and flipping assembly disposed on the top of the base plate, the clamping and flipping assembly comprising four clamping mechanisms, the clamping and flipping assembly being used to clamp and flip the sunroof bracket; an electromagnetic anti-detachment assembly, the number of which is four, the four electromagnetic anti-detachment assemblies being respectively disposed on the clamping surfaces of the four clamping mechanisms; and a multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly disposed on the top of the L-shaped fixing plate, the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly being used to perform multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the welding head mechanism.

[0006] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the clamping and flipping assembly further includes two slide rails. The two slide rails are symmetrically arranged front to back and fixedly connected to the top of the base plate and run in a left-right direction. A rectangular groove running in a left-right direction is opened in the middle of the top of the base plate. A bidirectional lead screw is rotatably connected inside the rectangular groove. A motor is fixedly connected to the right side of the base plate. The output shaft of the motor passes through the inside of the rectangular groove and is fixedly connected to the bidirectional lead screw. Two movable frames that are symmetrically arranged on the left and right and slidably connected to the outer walls of the two slide rails are threaded to the outer wall of the bidirectional lead screw.

[0007] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, a second motor is fixedly connected above each of the two movable frames that are far apart from each other. The output shafts of the two second motors pass through the opposite surfaces of the movable frames and are fixedly connected to an I-shaped rotating plate. The four clamping mechanisms are arranged symmetrically on the opposite surfaces of the two I-shaped rotating plates and are rectangular in shape. The two clamping mechanisms on the same side are arranged symmetrically front to back.

[0008] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, taking a clamping mechanism at the right front corner as an example, the clamping mechanism includes a fixed plate, which is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the right I-shaped rotating plate. An L-shaped connecting plate is fixedly connected to the rear side of the fixed plate, and a cylinder is fixedly connected to the rear side of the L-shaped connecting plate. The telescopic end of the cylinder passes through the front side wall of the L-shaped connecting plate and is fixedly connected to a movable plate. A guide rail fixedly connected to the L-shaped connecting plate is slidably connected to the right side of the movable plate.

[0009] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the left side of the movable plate one is rotatably connected to two vertically symmetrical connecting rods, the front ends of the two vertical connecting rods are rotatably connected to a movable plate two, the right sides of the two movable plates two are slidably connected to two vertically arranged guide rails two and fixedly connected to a fixed plate, and the left sides of the two movable plates two are fixedly connected to a clamping plate.

[0010] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the electromagnetic anti-detachment component includes two electromagnetic plates, which are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower clamping plates. Pressure sensors are fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower electromagnetic plates, and anti-slip silicone pads are fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower pressure sensors.

[0011] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the controller is electrically connected to motor one, motor two, cylinder, electromagnetic plate, and pressure sensor, respectively.

[0012] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly includes a hollow base, which is fixedly connected to the top of an L-shaped fixed plate. A motor three is fixedly connected inside the hollow base, and the output shaft of the motor three passes through to the top of the hollow base and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk rotatably connected to the hollow base. A first robotic arm is rotatably connected to the top of the rotating disk, and a second robotic arm is rotatably connected to the top of the first robotic arm. A third rotating robotic arm is rotatably connected to the end of the second robotic arm away from the first robotic arm. A motor four is fixedly connected to the right side of the rotating disk, and the output shaft of the motor four passes through to the left side wall of the rotating disk and is fixedly connected to the first robotic arm. A servo motor four is fixedly connected to the left side of the first robotic arm, and the output shaft of the servo motor four passes through to the right side of the first robotic arm and is fixedly connected to the second robotic arm. A servo motor one is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second robotic arm, and the output shaft of the servo motor one passes through to the top of the second robotic arm and is fixedly connected to the third rotating robotic arm.

[0013] According to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, a through groove is provided at the end of the third rotary robotic arm away from the second robotic arm. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the through groove. A servo motor two is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third rotary robotic arm. The output shaft of the servo motor two passes through the inside of the through groove and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. A servo motor three is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. A welding head mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom output shaft of the servo motor three. The controller is electrically connected to motor three, motor four, servo motor one, rotating shaft, servo motor three, servo motor two, welding head mechanism, and servo motor four.

[0014] At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a process for welding a sunroof bracket, mainly including the following processes: S1: Start the controller, control motor one to drive the bidirectional lead screw to rotate, so that the two moving frames slide towards each other on the slide rail to a preset width position, control the cylinders of the four clamping mechanisms to act, drive the clamping plate to pre-clamp the sunroof bracket, and at the same time activate the electromagnetic plate in the electromagnetic anti-detachment component to generate electromagnetic attraction force to adsorb and fix the sunroof bracket, and the pressure sensor monitors the clamping force in real time and feeds it back to the controller; S2: The controller starts motor two to drive the I-shaped rotating plate to rotate according to the preset program, driving the clamped... S3: The controller controls the coordinated action of motors three, four, servo motor one, servo motor two, servo motor three and servo motor four in the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robot arm assembly to drive the welding head mechanism to move to the welding position of the sunroof bracket and perform welding operations according to the preset trajectory; S4: After welding is completed, the controller controls the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robot arm assembly to reset, controls the electromagnetic plate to de-energize, controls the cylinder to reverse the action to drive the clamping plate to release the workpiece, and controls motor one to rotate in the opposite direction to drive the two moving frames to slide back to the initial position for unloading.

[0015] This invention provides a sunroof bracket welding fixture and process. Through a clamping and flipping assembly, the clamped sunroof bracket can be rotated 360 degrees. This allows the welding robot arm to continuously weld welds on multiple sides of the sunroof bracket, including the front, back, and sides, without changing its position. This significantly improves the flexibility and adaptability of the welding process, making it particularly suitable for sunroof brackets with complex structures and multiple weld seams. The electromagnetic anti-detachment assembly, after the clamping mechanism completes mechanical clamping, generates a strong electromagnetic attraction through energizing the electromagnetic plate, firmly adhering the sunroof bracket to the clamping surface. This effectively prevents the workpiece from slipping between the clamping plates, ensuring absolutely reliable clamping. Furthermore, the electromagnetic anti-detachment assembly integrates a pressure sensor, enabling real-time monitoring and control. The pressure between the clamping surface and the workpiece is monitored in real time and fed back to the controller. The controller can determine whether the clamping state is stable based on the feedback data. If necessary, it can automatically adjust the cylinder pressure or electromagnetic attraction. This closed-loop control mechanism avoids the problem of workpiece damage due to excessive clamping or loosening due to excessive clamping, and achieves precise management of clamping force. Through the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robot arm assembly, the welding head mechanism can move flexibly in multiple angles and directions in space by the coordinated drive of multiple servo motors. This allows the welding head to accurately track various complex curved welds, corner welds and three-dimensional welds on the sunroof bracket. Even when facing workpieces with irregular structures and varied weld directions, it can easily cope with them, greatly enhancing the process adaptability of the tooling. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure from an isometric perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping and flipping assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another clamping and flipping assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another clamping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the welding head mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 10. L-shaped fixing plate; 11. Controller; 2. Clamping and flipping assembly; 20. Slide rail; 21. Moving frame; 22. Rectangular groove; 23. Motor 1; 24. Bidirectional lead screw; 25. Motor 2; 26. I-shaped rotating plate; 27. Clamping mechanism; 270. Fixing plate; 271. L-shaped connecting plate; 272. Cylinder; 273. Guide rail 1; 274. Moving plate 1; 275. Guide rail 2; 276. Moving plate 2; 277. Clamping plate; 278. Connecting rod; 3 1. Electromagnetic anti-detachment component; 30. Electromagnetic plate; 31. Pressure sensor; 32. Anti-slip silicone pad; 4. Multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly; 40. Hollow base; 41. Motor three; 42. Rotary disk; 43. First robotic arm; 44. Second robotic arm; 45. Motor four; 46. Third rotating robotic arm; 47. Servo motor one; 48. Through slot; 49. Rotary shaft; 410. Servo motor two; 411. Servo motor three; 412. Welding head mechanism; 413. Servo motor four. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure. For ease of understanding, the English abbreviations and related technical terms involved in the embodiments of this disclosure will be explained and described below.

[0020] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments disclosed herein. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0021] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this disclosure. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in the embodiments of this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0022] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a way of describing the logical relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0023] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when" or "when" or "in response to determination" or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination" or "in response to determination" or "when detection (of the stated condition or event)" or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0024] It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure are for distinguishing purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order.

[0025] In the description of this disclosure, the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure.

[0026] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "joining" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, mating connections or integral connections; those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] Example 1: As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a sunroof bracket welding fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, comprising: a base plate 1, an L-shaped fixing plate 10 fixedly connected to the front side of the base plate 1, and a controller 11 fixedly connected to the front side of the L-shaped fixing plate 10; a clamping and flipping assembly 2, which is disposed on the top of the base plate 1 and includes four clamping mechanisms 27, used to clamp and flip the sunroof bracket; an electromagnetic anti-detachment assembly 3, of which there are four, which are respectively disposed on the clamping surfaces of the four clamping mechanisms 27; and a multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly 4, which is disposed on the top of the L-shaped fixing plate 10 and used to adjust the welding head mechanism in multiple degrees of freedom.

[0028] In some examples, the base plate 1 is a rectangular metal plate, and an L-shaped fixing plate 10 is fixedly connected to its front side by bolts. A controller 11 is fixedly installed on the front side of the L-shaped fixing plate 10. The controller 11 serves as the control core of the entire tooling. For example, a Siemens S7-1200 series programmable logic controller (PLC) can be used to receive signals and issue control commands.

[0029] As shown in Figures 2 to 6, the clamping and flipping assembly 2 in another embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The clamping and flipping assembly 2 also includes two slide rails 20. The two slide rails 20 are symmetrically arranged front and back and fixedly connected to the top of the base plate 1 and run in a left-right direction. A rectangular groove 22 running in a left-right direction is opened in the middle of the top of the base plate 1. A bidirectional lead screw 24 is rotatably connected inside the rectangular groove 22. A motor 23 is fixedly connected to the right side of the base plate 1. The output shaft of the motor 23 passes through the interior of the rectangular groove 22 and is fixedly connected to the bidirectional lead screw 24. Two movable frames 21 that are symmetrically arranged on the left and right and slidably connected to the outer walls of the two slide rails 20 are threadedly connected to the outer walls of the bidirectional lead screw 24.

[0030] Motor 25 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the two movable frames 21 that are far apart from each other. The output shafts of the two motors 25 pass through the opposite side of the movable frame 21 and are fixedly connected to the I-shaped rotating plate 26. The four clamping mechanisms 27 are arranged symmetrically on the opposite side of the two I-shaped rotating plates 26 in a rectangular shape. The two clamping mechanisms 27 on the same side are arranged symmetrically front and back.

[0031] Taking a clamping mechanism 27 in the front right corner as an example, the clamping mechanism 27 includes a fixed plate 270, which is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the right I-shaped rotating plate 26. An L-shaped connecting plate 271 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the fixed plate 270, and a cylinder 272 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the L-shaped connecting plate 271. The telescopic end of the cylinder 272 extends through to the front side wall of the L-shaped connecting plate 271 and is fixedly connected to a moving plate 274. A guide rail 273, which is fixedly connected to the L-shaped connecting plate 271, is slidably connected to the right side of the moving plate 274.

[0032] The left side of the movable plate 274 is rotatably connected to two vertically symmetrical connecting rods 278. The front ends of the two connecting rods 278 are rotatably connected to the movable plate 276. The right side of the two movable plates 276 is slidably connected to two vertically arranged guide rails 275 that are fixedly connected to the fixed plate 270. The left side of the two movable plates 276 is fixedly connected to a clamping plate 277.

[0033] In some examples, two slide rails 20 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the base plate 1 by screws. A rectangular groove 22 is provided in the middle of the top of the base plate 1 along the left and right direction. A double-acting lead screw 24 is rotatably supported in the rectangular groove 22 by a bearing seat. A motor 23 is fixedly installed on the right side of the base plate 1 by a motor seat. For example, a Delta ECMA-C20807RS servo motor can be used. The output shaft of the motor 23 passes through the interior of the rectangular groove 22 through a coupling and is fixedly connected to the right end of the double-acting lead screw 24. Two symmetrically arranged movable frames 21 are threaded onto the double-acting lead screw 24. The bottom of each movable frame 21 is provided with a slider that matches the slide rail 20. So when the motor 23 drives the double-acting lead screw 24 to rotate, it can precisely drive the two movable frames 21 to slide towards or away from each other on the slide rail 20 to adapt to sunroof brackets of different lengths.

[0034] Furthermore, the left and right movable frames 21 have the same structure. The second motor 25 adopts a Panasonic MHMJ042G1U servo motor. The output shafts of the two second motors 25 pass through the opposite surfaces of their respective movable frames 21 and are fixedly connected to an I-shaped rotating plate 26. In this way, the second motor 25 can synchronously drive the two I-shaped rotating plates 26 to rotate 360 ​​degrees through the controller, so as to realize the flipping of the workpiece after clamping. The four clamping mechanisms 27 for clamping the sunroof bracket are symmetrically arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two left and right I-shaped rotating plates 26, and the two clamping mechanisms 27 on the same side are symmetrically arranged front and back. This layout can stably clamp the four corners of the sunroof bracket.

[0035] The following example uses a clamping mechanism 27 located at the front right corner. This clamping mechanism 27 includes a fixed plate 270 bolted to the left side wall of the right-side I-shaped rotating plate 26. An L-shaped connecting plate 271 is vertically fixed to the rear side of the fixed plate 270. A cylinder 272, such as an AirTac SC50x100 standard cylinder, is fixedly mounted on the rear side wall of the L-shaped connecting plate 271. The telescopic end of the cylinder 272 extends forward through the vertical plate of the L-shaped connecting plate 271 and is fixedly connected to a movable plate 274. To ensure the smooth movement of the movable plate 274, a guide rail 273 fixedly connected to the L-shaped connecting plate 271 is provided on its right side. The movable plate 274 slides against the guide rail 273. On the left side of 4, two symmetrically arranged connecting rods 278 are rotatably connected by a pin. The front ends of these two connecting rods 278 are rotatably connected to two upper and lower movable plates 276 by pins respectively. On the right side of the two upper and lower movable plates 276, two vertical guide rails 275 are provided and fixedly connected to the fixed plate 270. The movable plates 276 and the guide rails 275 are slidably engaged. A clamping plate 277 is fixedly connected to the left side of each movable plate 276. Thus, when the extension end of the cylinder 272 extends or retracts, it will drive the movable plate 274 to move back and forth, and then drive the two upper and lower movable plates 276 and the clamping plates 277 on them to move towards or away from each other along the guide rails 275 through the connecting rods 278, so as to clamp and release the edge of the sunroof bracket.

[0036] As shown in Figure 6, the electromagnetic anti-detachment component 3 in another embodiment of the present invention is shown. The electromagnetic anti-detachment component 3 includes two electromagnetic plates 30, which are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower clamping plates 277. Pressure sensors 31 are fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower electromagnetic plates 30, and anti-slip silicone pads 32 are fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower pressure sensors 31.

[0037] The controller 11 is electrically connected to motor 23, motor 25, cylinder 272, electromagnetic plate 30, and pressure sensor 31 respectively.

[0038] In some examples, the electromagnetic anti-detachment component 3 includes an electromagnetic plate 30 embedded inside the clamping plate 277, such as a circular electromagnet of model KL-P20 / 15. A pressure sensor 31 is bonded and fixed on the working surface of the electromagnetic plate 30, such as a Tedea-Huntleigh 1040 miniature pressure sensor. On the sensing surface of the pressure sensor 31, an anti-slip silicone pad 32 is bonded and fixed. The anti-slip silicone pad 32 can increase friction and protect the workpiece surface. When the clamping mechanism 27 is in position, the controller 11 will activate the electromagnetic plate 30 to generate electromagnetic attraction, firmly adsorbing the workpiece on the clamping surface. The pressure sensor 31 monitors the clamping force in real time and feeds it back to the controller 11 to achieve precise control.

[0039] As shown in Figures 7-9, a multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly 4 is illustrated in another embodiment of the present invention. The multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly 4 includes a hollow base 40, which is fixedly connected to the top of an L-shaped fixing plate 10. A motor 3 41 is fixedly connected inside the hollow base 40. The output shaft of the motor 3 41 passes through the top of the hollow base 40 and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk 42 that is rotatably connected to the hollow base 40. A first robotic arm 43 is rotatably connected to the top of the rotating disk 42, and a second robotic arm 44 is rotatably connected to the top of the first robotic arm 43. The second robotic arm 44 is located away from the first robotic arm. One end of the robotic arm 43 is rotatably connected to a third rotary robotic arm 46. A motor 45 is fixedly connected to the right side of the rotary disk 42. The output shaft of the motor 45 passes through the left side wall of the rotary disk 42 and is fixedly connected to the first robotic arm 43. A servo motor 413 is fixedly connected to the left side of the first robotic arm 43. The output shaft of the servo motor 413 passes through the right side of the first robotic arm 43 and is fixedly connected to the second robotic arm 44. A servo motor 47 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second robotic arm 44. The output shaft of the servo motor 47 passes through the top of the second robotic arm 44 and is fixedly connected to the third rotary robotic arm 46.

[0040] The third rotary robotic arm 46 has a through groove 48 at the end away from the second robotic arm 44. A rotating shaft 49 is rotatably connected inside the through groove 48. A servo motor 410 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third rotary robotic arm 46. The output shaft of the servo motor 410 passes through the inside of the through groove 48 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 49. A servo motor 411 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 49. A welding head mechanism 412 is fixedly connected to the bottom output shaft of the servo motor 411. The controller 11 is electrically connected to the motor 41, the servo motor 45, the servo motor 47, the rotating shaft 49, the servo motor 411, the servo motor 410, the welding head mechanism 412, and the servo motor 413.

[0041] In some embodiments, a motor 41 is fixedly installed inside the hollow base 40, such as a Yaskawa SGM7G-09AFC61 servo motor (as shown in Figures 7 and 8, part of the motor 41 is located outside the hollow base 40, but its main body and output shaft are located inside the hollow base 40). The output shaft of the motor 41 extends vertically upward through the top wall of the hollow base 40 and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk 42. The rotating disk 42 rotates with the top of the hollow base 40. The welding head mechanism 412 can be a conventional argon arc welding torch or a laser welding head, such as an IPG Photonic welding head. The YLS series fiber laser welding head of the s, through the coordinated work of the above-mentioned multiple servo motors, the welding head mechanism 412 can be precisely positioned at any position and angle in space to complete complex welding trajectories. The controller 11 is electrically connected to the solenoid valve of motor 1 23, motor 2 25, cylinder 272, electromagnetic plate 30, pressure sensor 31, motor 3 41, motor 45, servo motor 1 47, servo motor 2 410, servo motor 3 411, servo motor 413 and welding head mechanism 412 through the circuit to realize the automated control of the entire welding process.

[0042] Example 2: As shown in Figures 1 to 9, this illustrates the process of a sunroof bracket welding fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention, mainly including the following processes: S1: Start the controller 11, control the motor 23 to drive the bidirectional lead screw 24 to rotate, so that the two moving frames 21 slide towards each other on the slide rail 20 to a preset width position, control the cylinders 272 of the four clamping mechanisms 27 to act, drive the clamping plate 277 to pre-clamp the sunroof bracket, and at the same time activate the electromagnetic plate 30 in the electromagnetic anti-detachment component 3 to generate electromagnetic attraction, adsorb and fix the sunroof bracket, and the pressure sensor 31 monitors the clamping force in real time and feeds it back to the controller 11; S2: The controller 11 starts the motor 25 according to the preset program to drive the I-shaped rotating plate 26 to rotate. S3: The controller 11 controls the motors 41, 45, 47, 410, 411 and 413 in the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robot arm assembly 4 to work together to drive the welding head mechanism 412 to move to the welding position of the sunroof bracket and perform welding operations according to the preset trajectory; S4: After welding is completed, the controller 11 controls the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robot arm assembly 4 to reset, controls the electromagnetic plate 30 to be de-energized, controls the cylinder 272 to move in the reverse direction to drive the clamping plate 277 to release the workpiece, and controls the motor 23 to rotate in the reverse direction to drive the two moving frames 21 to slide back to the initial position for unloading.

[0043] The working principle and usage process of this invention are as follows: First, before starting the operation, the operator or the automatic feeding mechanism places the sunroof bracket to be welded between the clamping mechanisms 27 on the left and right sides. Then, the controller 11 is started and the tooling begins to run automatically according to the preset program.

[0044] The controller 11 first starts the motor 23. The motor 23 drives the bidirectional lead screw 24 to rotate in the rectangular groove 22. Since the two threads of the bidirectional lead screw 24 have opposite directions of rotation, the two movable frames 21 connected to it will move precisely towards each other along the top of the base plate 1 under the guidance of the slide rail 20, and adjust to the width that matches the length of the sunroof bracket. After the adjustment is in place, the controller 11 controls the cylinders 272 of the four clamping mechanisms 27 to act simultaneously. Taking one of them as an example, the telescopic end of the cylinder 272 moves, pulling the movable plate 274 fixed to it to move on the guide rail 273. The movement of the movable plate 274 drives the two movable plates 276 to move closer to each other on the guide rail 275 through the two connecting rods 278, thereby driving the two clamping plates 277 to move until they contact the edge of the sunroof bracket and apply a pre-clamping force.

[0045] When welding is required on the back of the sunroof bracket or at different angles, the controller 11 synchronously starts two motors 25. The output shafts of the motors 25 rotate, driving the I-shaped rotating plate 26 fixed thereto to rotate. Since the four clamping mechanisms 27 are all fixed on the I-shaped rotating plate 26, the clamped sunroof bracket will rotate along with it to reach the preset welding angle. The present invention, through the clamping and flipping component 2, can drive the clamped sunroof bracket to rotate 360 ​​degrees. This allows the welding robot arm to continuously weld the welds on the front, back, and sides of the sunroof bracket without changing its position, greatly improving the flexibility and adaptability of the welding process, and is especially suitable for sunroof brackets with complex structures and multiple welds.

[0046] While the clamping plate 277 clamps the workpiece, the controller 11 activates the electromagnetic plate 30 in the electromagnetic anti-detachment component 3. After being energized, the electromagnetic plate 30 generates a strong electromagnetic attraction, which, through the anti-slip silicone pad 32, firmly adheres the sunroof bracket to the clamping surface, effectively preventing loosening due to vibration during subsequent flipping or welding. The pressure sensor 31 installed on the electromagnetic plate 30 monitors the clamping force in real time and feeds the pressure signal back to the controller 11. When the clamping force reaches a preset value, the controller 11 maintains the current state of the cylinder 272 and the electromagnetic plate 30, ensuring stable and reliable clamping. This invention, through the electromagnetic anti-detachment component 3... After the clamping mechanism completes mechanical clamping, a strong electromagnetic attraction is generated by energizing the electromagnetic plate, which firmly adsorbs the sunroof bracket onto the clamping surface. This effectively prevents the workpiece from slipping off the clamping plates, ensuring absolute reliability of the clamping. At the same time, the electromagnetic anti-slip component integrates a pressure sensor, which can monitor the pressure value between the clamping surface and the workpiece in real time and feed the signal back to the controller. The controller can determine whether the clamping state is stable based on the feedback data, and can automatically adjust the cylinder pressure or electromagnetic attraction if necessary. This closed-loop control mechanism avoids the problem of workpiece damage due to excessive clamping or loosening due to excessive clamping, and achieves precise management of the clamping force.

[0047] After the workpiece is positioned, the controller 11 starts the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly 4. Motor 3 41 drives the rotary disk 42 to rotate horizontally, achieving rough positioning of the welding head mechanism 412 in the horizontal plane. Motor 45 drives the first robotic arm 43 to swing, and servo motor 413 drives the second robotic arm 44 to swing. The two work together to adjust the position and height of the welding head mechanism 412 in the vertical plane. Servo motor 1 47 drives the third rotating robotic arm 46 to rotate relative to the second robotic arm 44. Servo motor 2 410 drives the rotating shaft 49 to rotate in the through groove 48, thereby driving servo motor 3 411 and the welding head mechanism 412 to adjust their attitude. Servo motor 3 411 directly drives... The welding head mechanism 412 performs precise rotational positioning. Through the linkage of multiple servo motors, the welding head mechanism 412 is accurately delivered to the welding point on the workpiece and moves according to the preset trajectory and speed. At the same time, the welding head mechanism 412 is started to perform welding operations. The present invention, through the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly 4, utilizes the coordinated drive of multiple servo motors to enable the welding head mechanism to move flexibly in space at multiple angles and directions. This allows the welding head to accurately track various complex curved welds, corner welds, and three-dimensional welds on the sunroof bracket. Even when facing workpieces with irregular structures and varied weld directions, it can easily cope with them, greatly enhancing the process adaptability of the tooling.

[0048] After the welding task is completed, the controller 11 controls the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly 4 to return to the initial position. Then, the controller de-energizes and demagnetizes the electromagnetic plate 30, and then controls the extension end of the cylinder 272 to reset. The connecting rod 278 drives the clamping plate 277 to release the workpiece. Finally, the motor 23 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the two moving frames 21 to move to the farthest end in opposite directions, so that the operator or the unloading mechanism can safely take out the welded sunroof bracket. At this point, the entire welding cycle ends.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding fixture for a sunroof bracket, characterized in that, include: A base plate (1) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped fixing plate (10) on its front side, and a controller (11) is fixedly connected to the front side of the L-shaped fixing plate (10); a clamping and flipping assembly (2) is set on the top of the base plate (1), and the clamping and flipping assembly (2) includes four clamping mechanisms (27), and the clamping and flipping assembly (2) is used to clamp and flip the sunroof bracket; an electromagnetic anti-detachment assembly (3) is made of four electromagnetic anti-detachment assemblies (3), and the four electromagnetic anti-detachment assemblies (3) are respectively set on the clamping surfaces of the four clamping mechanisms (27); A multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly (4) is disposed on top of an L-shaped fixed plate (10) and is used to adjust the welding head mechanism in multiple degrees of freedom.

2. The sunroof bracket welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping and flipping assembly (2) also includes two slide rails (20). The two slide rails (20) are symmetrically arranged front and back and fixedly connected to the top of the base plate (1) and run in a left-right direction. A rectangular groove (22) running in a left-right direction is opened in the middle of the top of the base plate (1). A two-way lead screw (24) is rotatably connected inside the rectangular groove (22). A motor (23) is fixedly connected to the right side of the base plate (1). The output shaft of the motor (23) passes through the interior of the rectangular groove (22) and is fixedly connected to the two-way lead screw (24). The outer wall of the two-way lead screw (24) is threaded with two left-right symmetrical moving frames (21) that are slidably connected to the outer walls of the two slide rails (20).

3. The sunroof bracket welding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, Motor 2 (25) is fixedly connected above the side of each of the two movable frames (21) that are far apart from each other. The output shafts of the two motors (25) pass through the opposite side of the movable frame (21) and are fixedly connected to the I-shaped rotating plate (26). The four clamping mechanisms (27) are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides and in a rectangular shape on the opposite side of the two I-shaped rotating plates (26). The two clamping mechanisms (27) on the same side are arranged symmetrically in front and behind.

4. The sunroof bracket welding fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, Taking a clamping mechanism (27) at the right front corner as an example, the clamping mechanism (27) includes a fixed plate (270), the fixed plate (270) is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the right I-shaped rotating plate (26), the fixed plate (270) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the fixed plate (270) and the cylinder (272) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the L-shaped connecting plate (271). The telescopic end of the cylinder (272) extends through to the front side wall of the L-shaped connecting plate (271) and is fixedly connected to a moving plate (274). The right side of the moving plate (274) is slidably connected to a guide rail (273) fixedly connected to the L-shaped connecting plate (271).

5. The sunroof bracket welding fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The left side of the first movable plate (274) is rotatably connected to two vertically symmetrical connecting rods (278). The front ends of the two connecting rods (278) are rotatably connected to the second movable plate (276). The right side of the two second movable plates (276) is slidably connected to two vertically arranged guide rails (275) that are fixedly connected to the fixed plate (270). The left side of the two second movable plates (276) is fixedly connected to a clamping plate (277).

6. The sunroof bracket welding fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electromagnetic anti-detachment component (3) includes two electromagnetic plates (30), which are fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower clamping plates (277). Pressure sensors (31) are fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower electromagnetic plates (30), and anti-slip silicone pads (32) are fixedly connected to the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower pressure sensors (31).

7. The sunroof bracket welding fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The controller (11) is electrically connected to motor one (23), motor two (25), cylinder (272), electromagnetic plate (30), and pressure sensor (31), respectively.

8. The sunroof bracket welding fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The multi-degree-of-freedom welding robotic arm assembly (4) includes a hollow base (40), which is fixedly connected to the top of an L-shaped fixed plate (10). A motor (41) is fixedly connected inside the hollow base (40). The output shaft of the motor (41) extends through to the top of the hollow base (40) and is fixedly connected to a rotating disk (42) that is rotatably connected to the hollow base (40). A first robotic arm (43) is rotatably connected to the top of the rotating disk (42). A second robotic arm (44) is rotatably connected to the top of the first robotic arm (43). A third rotating robotic arm is rotatably connected to the end of the second robotic arm (44) away from the first robotic arm (43). Arm (46), the right side of the rotating disk (42) is fixedly connected to motor four (45), the output shaft of motor four (45) passes through the left side wall of the rotating disk (42) and is fixedly connected to the first robotic arm (43), the left side of the first robotic arm (43) is fixedly connected to servo motor four (413), the output shaft of servo motor four (413) passes through the right side of the first robotic arm (43) and is fixedly connected to the second robotic arm (44), the bottom of the second robotic arm (44) is fixedly connected to servo motor one (47), the output shaft of servo motor one (47) passes through the top of the second robotic arm (44) and is fixedly connected to the third rotating robotic arm (46).

9. A sunroof bracket welding fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third rotary robotic arm (46) has a through groove (48) at one end away from the second robotic arm (44). A rotating shaft (49) is rotatably connected inside the through groove (48). A servo motor (410) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the third rotary robotic arm (46). The output shaft of the servo motor (410) passes through the inside of the through groove (48) and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (49). A servo motor (411) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (49). A welding head mechanism (412) is fixedly connected to the bottom output shaft of the servo motor (411). The controller (11) is electrically connected to the motor (41), motor (45), servo motor (47), rotating shaft (49), servo motor (411), servo motor (410), welding head mechanism (412), and servo motor (413).

10. A welding process for a sunroof bracket, using the sunroof bracket welding fixture described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: S1: Start the controller (11), control motor one (23) to drive the bidirectional lead screw (24) to rotate, so that the two moving frames (21) slide towards each other on the slide rail (20) to the preset width position, control the cylinders (272) of the four clamping mechanisms (27) to move, drive the clamping plate (277) to pre-clamp the sunroof bracket, and at the same time activate the electromagnetic plate (30) in the electromagnetic anti-detachment component (3) to generate electromagnetic attraction, adsorb and fix the sunroof bracket, and the pressure sensor (31) monitors the clamping force in real time and feeds it back to the controller (11); S2: The controller (11) starts motor two (25) according to the preset program to drive the I-shaped rotating plate (26) to rotate, and drives the clamped sunroof bracket to flip to the preset welding angle; S3 S4: The controller (11) controls the motor three (41), motor four (45), servo motor one (47), servo motor two (410), servo motor three (411) and servo motor four (413) in the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robot arm assembly (4) to work together to drive the welding head mechanism (412) to move to the welding position of the sunroof bracket and perform welding operations according to the preset trajectory; S5: After welding is completed, the controller (11) controls the multi-degree-of-freedom welding robot arm assembly (4) to reset, controls the electromagnetic plate (30) to de-energize, controls the cylinder (272) to reverse the action to drive the clamping plate (277) to release the workpiece, and controls the motor one (23) to rotate in the opposite direction to drive the two moving frames (21) to slide back to the initial position for unloading.

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