Self-adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joint of steel structure roof and construction method
By using an adaptive sealing device composed of shape memory alloy and elastic components at the lap joints of steel structure roofs, the problem of easy aging and detachment of traditional sealing methods is solved. It realizes automatic compensation for changes in joint width, builds a stable multi-level sealing system, and improves waterproofing effect and construction quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610263383.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
Traditional waterproofing and sealing methods are prone to aging and detachment at the joints of steel structure roofs. They cannot automatically compensate for thermal expansion and contraction and structural deformation, leading to leakage problems. Moreover, the construction quality depends on inconsistent human experience.
A sealing component composed of irregularly shaped segments and elastic elements made of shape memory alloy, combined with a limiting component, forms a sealing system that works in conjunction with active and passive mechanisms. It automatically compensates for changes in gap width and utilizes the deformation of shape memory alloy and the buffering properties of elastic elements to construct a multi-level sealing system.
It achieves stable sealing of lap joints during long-term operation, improves the adaptability and durability of the waterproofing system, avoids leakage, and is easy to construct with high quality consistency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121952280A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of waterproofing technology for steel structure roofs, and in particular to an adaptive waterproof sealing device and construction method for lap joints of steel structure roofs. Background Technology
[0002] During the construction of steel structure workshops, the roofing system is typically laid with profiled steel sheets. The lap joints formed by adjacent steel sheets, perpendicular to the ridge, are the weakest point in the entire roofing system most prone to leakage. Due to the large area, complex sheet shape, and frequent temperature variations in steel structure roofs, the service temperature of the roof changes frequently with the construction season and environment. This causes the lap joints between the roof steel sheets to continuously change in width over long-term operation due to factors such as thermal expansion and contraction, wind load vibration, and construction errors. Consequently, traditional waterproofing and sealing methods are difficult to maintain their effectiveness in the long term.
[0003] In existing technologies, roof lap joints are commonly sealed manually using waterproof sealant, butyl waterproof tape, or self-adhesive membrane. While these methods are simple to implement initially, they suffer from the following problems: First, the sealing materials are prone to aging and cracking due to temperature, ultraviolet radiation, and rainwater erosion, resulting in a significant decrease in sealing performance over time. Second, the dynamic deformation of the lap joints cannot be automatically compensated for; when the steel plate expands or contracts due to thermal expansion or contraction, or when the structure shifts, the traditional sealing layer is prone to detachment or tearing, creating leakage channels. Third, the quality of manual construction varies greatly, and the waterproofing effect depends on the worker's experience, making it difficult to guarantee overall consistency and long-term stability.
[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to design an adaptive waterproof sealing device and construction method for steel structure roof lap joints to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive waterproof sealing device and construction method for steel structure roof lap joints that can automatically compensate for the dynamic deformation of lap joints, improve the sealing stability and self-adaptive ability of the roof waterproofing system during long-term operation, solve leakage problems caused by thermal expansion and contraction or structural deformation, and achieve automatic compensation sealing and durable protection of roof lap joints.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides an adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs, comprising: A profiled steel sheet has a low section at one end and a high section at the other end that can overlap with the low section, such that when the profiled steel sheets are installed sequentially on the roof along the ridge extension direction, an overlap joint is formed between the low section of the profiled steel sheet and the high section of another adjacent profiled steel sheet. The sealing element includes a shaped segment located in the lap joint and a first engaging segment disposed on both sides of the shaped segment that engages with the high segment and a second engaging segment that engages with the low segment, such that a cavity is formed between the shaped segment and the high segment, wherein the material of the portion of the shaped segment that forms the cavity includes a shape memory alloy. An elastic element is located inside the cavity and is adapted to the shape of the cavity. The elastic element is in a compressed state where the top is tightly attached to the high section and at the same time drives the irregular section to be tightly attached to the low section at the corresponding position of the cavity. The limiting member has two ends that are respectively engaged with the high end and the low end of the segment to limit the overlapping high and low segments while at least covering the cavity portion.
[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first engaging section and the high section, as well as the second engaging section and the low section, are all vertically interlocking connections.
[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cavity is located in the middle of the cross-section of the irregular segment.
[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the portion of the irregular segment that forms a cavity includes a shape memory alloy skeleton and an elastic layer wrapped around the outer periphery of the shape memory alloy skeleton.
[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cavity is open on the side away from or near the ridge.
[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the elastic element includes an elastic shell filled with an inert gas or a low-viscosity silicone oil.
[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the high section and the low section are provided with snap-fit protrusions, and the limiting member is provided with a snap-fit end that achieves one-way locking with the snap-fit protrusions.
[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the limiting member is generally arc-shaped.
[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cross-section of the irregular segment is U-shaped or Ω-shaped.
[0015] The present invention also provides a construction method for the adaptive waterproof sealing device for steel structure roof lap joints, comprising the following steps: S1. Install the first profiled steel sheet on the roof, place the sealing element on the lower section of the first profiled steel sheet, and make the second engaging section of the sealing element engage with the lower section; S2. Place the elastic element in the concave part of the irregular section; then, overlap the high section of the second profiled steel plate adjacent to the first profiled steel plate with the low section of the first profiled steel plate, and make the high section of the second profiled steel plate engage with the first engaging section of the seal, so that a cavity is formed between the seal and the high section of the second profiled steel plate, and the elastic element is located in the cavity. At the same time, the elastic element is in a compressed state where the top is tightly attached to the high section and the irregular section is tightly attached to the low section at the corresponding cavity position. S3. The two ends of the limiting member are respectively engaged with the high end of the second steel plate and the low end of the first steel plate to limit the overlapping high and low sections while at least covering the cavity.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention, by setting a sealing element with irregularly shaped segments made of shape memory alloy, and setting an elastic element in the cavity formed between the irregularly shaped segments and the high segment, can automatically compensate for the changes in joint width caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the profiled steel sheet due to changes in ambient temperature. This is achieved by utilizing the characteristic of shape memory alloy actively deforming with temperature, combined with the elastic element to achieve continuous dynamic buffering. In other words, the "active + passive" collaborative working mode formed by the elastic element and the shape memory alloy skeleton ensures the sealing and waterproofing effect at the joint. Specifically, the shape memory alloy skeleton is responsible for temperature-driven active deformation compensation, and the elastic element is responsible for passive buffering of pressure fluctuations, thereby constructing a stable multi-level sealing system. This setting breaks through the limitations of the traditional "static sealing" of sealants, constructs an intelligent automatic sealing system, and significantly improves the long-term stability and self-adjusting performance of waterproof joints.
[0017] 2. In addition to providing a stable spatial constraint for the two overlapping profiled steel sheets, the limiting member of the present invention can also limit the elastic member. Furthermore, by combining the setting that there is a certain friction between the elastic member and the cavity under compression, the elastic member can always be stably placed in the cavity, preventing the elastic member from sliding out of the cavity. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an adaptive waterproof sealing device for steel structure roof lap joints Figure 1 .
[0019] Figure 2 This is a magnified view of point A.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of an adaptive waterproof sealing device used for lap joints in steel structure roofs.
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing element.
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the roof overlap.
[0023] Figure Labels 11. First profiled steel sheet; 12. Second profiled steel sheet; 13. Low section; 14. High section; 15. First serrated structure; 16. Snap-fit protrusion; 20. Overlap joint; 31. Irregular section; 311. First horizontal section; 312. Second horizontal section; 313. Concave section; 32. First snap-fit section; 33. Second snap-fit section; 34. Second serrated structure; 40. Elastic element; 50. Limiting element; 51. Snap-fit end; 60. Ridge. Detailed Implementation
[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0025] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
[0026] Additionally, it should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0027] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides an adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs, comprising: A profiled steel sheet has a low section 13 at one end and a high section 14 at the other end that can overlap with the low section 13, such that when the profiled steel sheet is installed sequentially on the roof along the extension direction of the ridge 60, an overlap joint 20 is formed between the low section 13 of the profiled steel sheet and the high section 14 of another adjacent profiled steel sheet. The sealing element includes a shaped section 31 located in the lap joint 20 and a first engaging section 32 that engages with the high section 14 and a second engaging section 33 that engages with the low section 13 respectively on both sides of the shaped section 31, so that a cavity is formed between the sealing element and the high section 14, wherein the material of the portion of the shaped section 31 that forms the cavity includes a shape memory alloy. The elastic element 40 is located inside the cavity and is adapted to the shape of the cavity. The elastic element 40 is in a compressed state where the top is tightly attached to the high section 14 while driving the irregular section 31 to be tightly attached to the low section 13 at the corresponding position of the cavity. The limiting member 50 has two ends that are respectively engaged with the ends of the high section 14 and the low section 13, so as to limit the overlapping high section 14 and low section 13 while at least covering the cavity portion.
[0028] For example, the profiled steel sheet is corrugated, and both the lower section 13 and the upper section 14 are planar.
[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the first engaging section 32 and the high section 14, as well as the second engaging section 33 and the low section 13, are all vertically interlocked. For example, the first engaging section 32 is connected to the left end of the irregular section 31 and extends upward to the top, where it is at the same level as the high section 14; the second engaging section 33 is connected to the right end of the irregular section 31 and extends downward to the bottom, where it is at the same level as the low section 13. Both the lower section 13 and the upper section 14 of the profiled steel sheet are provided with a first serrated structure 15. The first engaging section 32 and the second engaging section 33 are each provided with a corresponding second serrated structure 34 adapted to the first serrated structure 15. The engagement of the first serrated structure 15 and the second serrated structure 34 achieves a vertical interlocking connection between the first engaging section 32 and the upper section 14, and between the second engaging section 33 and the lower section 13. By setting the first engaging section 32 and the upper section 14, and the second engaging section 33 and the lower section 13, a vertical interlocking connection is achieved, which improves the tightness of the connection between the engaging section and the profiled steel sheet, forming initial waterproofing, and also, to a certain extent, achieves vertical limitation of the lower section 13 and the corresponding upper section 14 of adjacent profiled steel sheets.
[0030] For example, the portion forming the cavity on the irregular segment 31 includes a shape memory alloy skeleton and an elastic layer surrounding the shape memory alloy skeleton, to cooperate with the elastic element 40 to achieve flexible sealing and shape self-adaptation; the cross-section of the irregular segment 31 is U-shaped or Ω-shaped. Figure 4 As shown, in this example, the irregular segment 31 has a U-shaped cross-section, including a first horizontal segment 311 connected to the first engaging segment 32, a second horizontal segment 312 connected to the second engaging segment 33, and a concave segment 313 located between the first horizontal segment 311 and the second horizontal segment 312. The concave segment 313 is composed of an outer silicone rubber ring and an inner Ni-Ti shape memory alloy skeleton. The outer silicone rubber ring has high elasticity, UV aging resistance, and temperature resistance, enabling it to maintain stable adhesion in long-term outdoor environments. The inner Ni-Ti shape memory alloy skeleton is manufactured using an insert injection molding process, ensuring a tight bond between the skeleton and the silicone rubber. It achieves 4% to 6% reversible deformation within an ambient temperature range of 15℃ to 65℃, providing continuous reverse deformation support and pressure compensation capability for the sealing structure.
[0031] The first engaging section 32, the second engaging section 33, the first horizontal section 311, and the second horizontal section 312 are all made of steel. By including the first horizontal section 311 and the second horizontal section 312 made of steel in the irregular section 31, the irregular section 31 can achieve adaptive deformation by utilizing the concave section 313, while the overall seal still has good structural strength.
[0032] The cavity is located in the middle of the cross section of the irregular segment 31 to provide space for the deformation adjustment of the subsequent elastic element 40.
[0033] The cavity is open on both the side away from and the side near the ridge 60. This open design can serve as a window to observe the tightness of the connection between the irregular segment 31 and the lower segment 13, while also providing space for the deformation of the elastic element 40 to a certain extent.
[0034] In this example, the elastic element 40 includes an elastic shell filled with inert gas or low-viscosity silicone oil, and the elastic shell is provided with an inflation or liquid filling port, which also serves as a deflation or liquid drainage port.
[0035] The low-viscosity silicone oil is a silicone oil with a viscosity range of 0.65 cSt to 100 cSt at 25°C.
[0036] The elastic shell is embedded in the cavity and is a cavity that runs through the direction perpendicular to the ridge 60. Both ends of the elastic shell are sealed with heat-cured caps. One end is equipped with a one-way pressure regulating valve. By filling inert gas or low-viscosity silicone oil, the initial pressure of the elastic element 40 is 0.12–0.18 MPa. The elastic element 40 is in a compressed state where the top is tightly attached to the high section 14 and the lower part of the cavity is tightly attached to the low section 13. Even when the elastic element 40 shrinks relatively due to cooling, it can still maintain the state where the top is tightly attached to the high section 14 and the irregular section 31 is tightly attached to the low section 13 at the corresponding cavity position.
[0037] The elastic shell is made of weather-resistant elastic material so that it can work with the internal medium, namely inert gas and low-viscosity silicone oil, to achieve volume compensation and pressure buffering. In this example, the elastic shell is made of silicone rubber or fluororubber.
[0038] Under temperature difference or load, the volume of elastic element 40 automatically compresses or expands, further driving the cavity to always fit tightly against the lower section 13, automatically compensating for the dynamic deformation of the overlap joint 20, and ensuring that the overlap joint 20 is always in a sealed state.
[0039] In this invention, the first engaging section 32 and the high section 14, as well as the second engaging section 33 and the low section 13, are all vertically interlocked. Under the spatial constraint of the corrugated steel sheet by its own weight and the limiting member 50 on the overlapping corrugated steel sheets, the elastic member 40 can be given sufficient force to keep it in a compressed state.
[0040] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the high section 14 and the low section 13 are provided with snap-fit protrusions 16, and the limiting member 50 is provided with snap-fit ends 51 that achieve one-way locking with the snap-fit protrusions 16. In this example, the limiting member 50 is an integral arc-shaped structure made of stainless steel elastic material or polymer elastic material. Both ends of the limiting member 50 are provided with snap-fit ends 51. The snap-fit protrusions 16 are right-angled triangular structures, and the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangular structures faces the limiting member 50, so that when the snap-fit section of the limiting member 50 snaps into the snap-fit protrusions 16, the limiting member 50 and the profiled steel sheet are unidirectionally locked. By setting the limiting member 50, on the one hand, a stable spatial constraint can be formed on the ends of the two overlapping profiled steel sheets; on the other hand, the elastic member 40 can also be limited. Furthermore, combined with the setting that there is a certain friction between the elastic member 40 and the cavity under compression, the elastic member 40 can always be stably kept in the cavity, preventing the elastic member 40 from sliding out of the cavity.
[0041] The present invention also provides a construction method for an adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs, comprising the following steps: S1. Transport the adaptive waterproof sealing device and profiled steel sheet to the construction site, and confirm the position and length of the overlap joint 20 according to the roof design drawings. Clean the overlap area of the profiled steel sheet to ensure that the surface is clean, free of oil and impurities; lay and position the first profiled steel sheet 11, and fix it to the purlins of the roof with temporary fasteners to ensure that the sheet surface is flat and the overlap gap meets the design requirements; S2. Place the seal on the lower section 13 of the first profiled steel plate 11, and make the second engaging section 33 of the seal engage with the lower section 13, ensuring that the outer silicone rubber ring of the U-shaped bottom point of the irregular section 31 is in full contact with the surface of the lower section 13 of the first profiled steel plate 11. S3. Place the elastic element 40 in the recess of the irregular section 31; then, overlap the high section 14 of the second profiled steel plate 12 adjacent to the first profiled steel plate 11 with the low section 13 of the first profiled steel plate 11, and make the high section 14 of the second profiled steel plate 12 engage with the first engaging section 32 of the seal, so that a cavity is formed between the seal and the high section 14 of the second profiled steel plate 12, and the elastic element 40 is located in the cavity. At the same time, the elastic element 40 is in a compressed state where the top is tightly attached to the high section 14 and the irregular section 31 is tightly attached to the low section 13 at the corresponding cavity position. S4. The two ends of the limiting member 50 are respectively engaged with the ends of the high section 14 of the second steel plate and the ends of the low section 13 of the first steel plate, so as to limit the overlapping high section 14 and low section 13 while at least covering the cavity. S5. Fill the elastic element 40 with inert gas or low-viscosity silicone oil. At this time, the elastic element 40 is still in a compressed state where the top is tightly attached to the high section 14 of the second profiled steel plate 12, while the lower part of the cavity is tightly attached to the low section 13 of the first profiled steel plate 11. S6. Following the overlapping method of steps S2-S5, overlap the remaining profiled steel sheets sequentially along the 60-degree extension direction of the ridge. After the overlap is completed, a weather-resistant protective layer is applied to the exposed part of the seal. The protective layer is made of fluorocarbon film or UV-resistant silicone material and is formed by roller coating or spraying to form a protective film with a thickness of 0.3 to 0.5 mm, so as to effectively block ultraviolet rays and acid rain erosion and further improve the durability and aging performance of the adaptive waterproof sealing device.
[0042] For example, when the roof temperature rises and the thermal expansion of the profiled steel sheet causes the overlap joint 20 to shrink, the Ni-Ti shape memory alloy skeleton synchronously transforms into a martensitic structure and shrinks back with the temperature change. At this time, the elastic element 40 is squeezed by external force, and the internal gas or low-viscosity silicone oil pressure increases, absorbing the stress caused by the change in gap. When the temperature drops, the Ni-Ti shape memory alloy skeleton recovers the austenitic phase and produces micro-expansion. At this time, the elastic element 40 automatically rebounds under the action of internal pressure recovery, providing continuous support for the sealing interface, i.e., the contact surface between the cavity and the lower section 13. In addition, when the gap increases due to wind suction, the elastic element 40 will also automatically rebound under the action of internal pressure recovery, driving the Ni-Ti shape memory alloy skeleton to undergo corresponding deformation to ensure the sealing effect of the overlap joint 20. Thus, by utilizing the "active + passive" collaborative working mode formed by the elastic element 40 and the Ni-Ti shape memory alloy skeleton, the sealing and waterproofing effect at the overlap seam 20 is guaranteed. Specifically, the "active + passive" collaborative working mode is as follows: the Ni-Ti shape memory alloy skeleton is responsible for temperature-driven active deformation compensation, and the elastic element 40 is responsible for passive buffering of pressure fluctuations, thereby constructing a stable multi-level sealing system.
[0043] The main body of the seal is located inside the overlap joint 20. While improving the sealing and waterproofing performance of the overlap joint 20 by utilizing the seal and the elastic element 40, it also uses the profiled steel plate to shield and protect the seal and the elastic element 40. This makes the adaptive waterproof sealing device of the present invention have the advantages of adaptive deformation, anti-aging, convenient installation and easy maintenance. It can maintain the sealing performance of the overlap joint 20 for a long time, effectively prevent rainwater leakage, and is suitable for various steel structure roof projects.
[0044] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims
1. An adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs, characterized in that, include: A profiled steel sheet has a low section at one end and a high section at the other end that can overlap with the low section, such that when the profiled steel sheets are installed sequentially on the roof along the ridge extension direction, an overlap joint is formed between the low section of the profiled steel sheet and the high section of another adjacent profiled steel sheet. The sealing element includes a shaped segment located in the lap joint and a first engaging segment disposed on both sides of the shaped segment that engages with the high segment and a second engaging segment that engages with the low segment, such that a cavity is formed between the shaped segment and the high segment, wherein the material of the portion of the shaped segment that forms the cavity includes a shape memory alloy. An elastic element is located inside the cavity and is adapted to the shape of the cavity. The elastic element is in a compressed state where the top is tightly attached to the high section and at the same time drives the irregular section to be tightly attached to the low section at the corresponding position of the cavity. The limiting member has two ends that are respectively engaged with the high end and the low end of the segment to limit the overlapping high and low segments while at least covering the cavity portion.
2. The adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first engaging section and the high section, as well as the second engaging section and the low section, are all vertically interlocking connections.
3. The adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity is located in the middle of the cross-section of the irregular segment.
4. The adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs according to claim 3, characterized in that: The portion of the irregular segment that forms a cavity includes a shape memory alloy skeleton and an elastic layer surrounding the shape memory alloy skeleton.
5. The adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity is open on the side away from or near the ridge.
6. The adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic element includes an elastic shell filled with inert gas or low-viscosity silicone oil.
7. The adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high and low sections are provided with snap-fit protrusions, and the limiting member is provided with a snap-fit end that achieves one-way locking with the snap-fit protrusions.
8. The adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component is arc-shaped as a whole.
9. The adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the irregular segment is U-shaped or Ω-shaped.
10. A construction method for an adaptive waterproof sealing device for lap joints of steel structure roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install the first profiled steel sheet on the roof, place the sealing element on the lower section of the first profiled steel sheet, and make the second engaging section of the sealing element engage with the lower section; S2. Place the elastic element in the concave part of the irregular section; then, overlap the high section of the second profiled steel plate adjacent to the first profiled steel plate with the low section of the first profiled steel plate, and make the high section of the second profiled steel plate engage with the first engaging section of the seal, so that a cavity is formed between the seal and the high section of the second profiled steel plate, and the elastic element is located in the cavity. At the same time, the elastic element is in a compressed state where the top is tightly attached to the high section and the irregular section is tightly attached to the low section at the corresponding cavity position. S3. The two ends of the limiting member are respectively engaged with the high end of the second steel plate and the low end of the first steel plate to limit the overlapping high and low sections while at least covering the cavity.