Method for detecting three-dimensional mechanical characteristics under sarcomedo movement

Abstract

The invention provides a method for detecting three-dimensional mechanical characteristics under sarcomedo movement. A culture dish in equipment is used for bearing sarcomedo; the probe measuring end of the microtube probe is used for forming negative pressure contact with a muscle joint, and the transverse elastic coefficient of the probe measuring end is the same as the longitudinal elastic coefficient; the tail end of the probe cantilever end of the microtube probe is provided with a microsphere, and the movement of the microsphere follows the movement of a muscle joint; an image acquisition unit in the detection module is positioned on one side opposite to the opening of the culture dish and is used for acquiring the movement change of the microspheres; the light source is located on the side facing the opening, the optical axis of the light source coincides with the optical axis of the image acquisition unit, the height from the light source to the culture dish is larger than that from the microspheres to the culture dish, and the light source is used for irradiating the microspheres so that diffraction rings of the microspheres can be formed on the light sensing plane of the image acquisition unit. According to the invention, synchronous detection of the three-dimensional mechanical characteristics of the sarcomedo is realized by monitoring the change of the diffraction ring.

Description

A method for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties under sarcomere motion Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing, and more particularly to a method for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres under motion. Background Technology

[0002] Sarcomeres are the smallest structural units in muscle cells that generate power, and their movement primarily includes lateral contraction and axial expansion. These contraction and expansion processes are crucial to the mechanical properties of muscles, directly affecting their force output and stiffness changes. Therefore, accurately measuring the mechanical properties of sarcomeres under different conditions is of great significance for studying the pathogenesis of diseases such as myasthenia gravis and muscle atrophy, as well as for the early diagnosis of these diseases.

[0003] However, existing mechanical testing techniques have significant limitations. For example, atomic force microscopy (AFM) can only measure the mechanical properties of sarcomeres in the Z-axis direction, while traction force microscopy (TFM) can only measure their mechanical properties in the XY plane. Therefore, given that sarcomere movement is a complex three-dimensional process, current technologies struggle to simultaneously detect its comprehensive mechanical properties, resulting in incomplete data and limiting in-depth research and accurate diagnosis of muscle diseases.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve three-dimensional mechanical property detection of sarcomeres has become a technical problem that the industry urgently needs to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method for detecting the three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres during movement, solving the technical problem of detecting the three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres during movement, comprising:

[0007] A culture dish for holding the myosarcoplasm, the culture dish having an opening;

[0008] A microtubular probe, wherein the probe measuring end forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere, and the transverse elastic coefficient of the probe measuring end is the same as the longitudinal elastic coefficient;

[0009] Microspheres are disposed at the end of the probe cantilever of the microtube probe, such that the movement of the microspheres follows the movement of the sarcomere;

[0010] The detection module includes an image acquisition unit, a light source, and an image analysis unit; wherein:

[0011] The image acquisition unit is located on the side opposite to the opening and is used to acquire the motion changes of the microsphere;

[0012] The light source is located on the side facing the opening, the optical axis of the light source coincides with the optical axis of the image acquisition unit, and the height of the light source from the culture dish is greater than the height of the microsphere from the culture dish. The light source is used to irradiate the microsphere, so that a diffraction ring of the microsphere is formed on the photosensitive plane of the image acquisition unit.

[0013] The image analysis unit is used to obtain the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the sarcomere during movement based on the changes in the diffraction ring.

[0014] Optionally, the three-dimensional mechanical properties include a first-direction mechanical property, a second-direction mechanical property, and a third-direction mechanical property, wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third-direction are perpendicular to each other, the first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the culture dish, and the third-direction is perpendicular to the culture dish;

[0015] The method for obtaining the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the sarcomere during movement based on the diffraction ring includes:

[0016] Based on the changes in the center of the diffraction ring along the first and second directions, the mechanical properties in the first and second directions are obtained.

[0017] The third-dimensional mechanical properties are obtained based on the diameter variation of the outer ring of the diffraction ring.

[0018] Optionally, the mechanical property in the first direction has the following relationship:

[0019]

[0020] in, The first direction mechanical characteristic is given by k, where k is either the transverse elastic coefficient or the longitudinal elastic coefficient. The reduction in the maximum displacement of the center of the diffraction ring along the first direction when the probe measuring end forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere.

[0021] Optionally, the mechanical properties in the second direction have the following relationship:

[0022]

[0023] in, The second direction mechanical characteristic is given by k, where k is either the transverse elastic coefficient or the longitudinal elastic coefficient. The reduction in the maximum displacement of the center of the diffraction ring along the second direction when the probe measuring end forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere.

[0024] Optionally, the third-party mechanical property has the following relationship:

[0025]

[0026] in, For a third-party mechanical property, k is the transverse elastic coefficient or the longitudinal elastic coefficient. The reduction in the diameter of the outer ring when the probe measuring end forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere.

[0027] Optionally, the image acquisition unit includes an objective lens and a photographic device, wherein:

[0028] The objective lens is focused on the microsphere, and the objective lens is coaxial with the light source;

[0029] The camera is used to continuously photograph the microspheres to obtain the changes in the center of the diffraction ring and the changes in the diameter of the outer ring of the diffraction ring.

[0030] Optionally, the magnification of the objective lens is greater than or equal to 10x.

[0031] Optionally, the camera has a frame rate greater than or equal to 20 and a resolution greater than or equal to 4K.

[0032] Optionally, the probe measuring end of the microtube probe is a hollow microtube probe, wherein the elastic coefficient of the probe measuring end is in the range of 0.01N / m to 0.1N / m, its length is in the range of 3mm to 5mm, and its outer diameter is in the range of 10μm to 30μm.

[0033] Optionally, the material of the probe measuring end is borosilicate glass.

[0034] Optionally, the diameter of the probe cantilever end of the microtube probe ranges from 5 μm to 50 μm.

[0035] Optionally, the diameter of the microspheres ranges from 10 μm to 20 μm.

[0036] A method for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres during motion includes the following steps:

[0037] The culture dish holds the myosarcophagus, and the culture dish has an opening;

[0038] The probe measuring end of the microtube probe forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere, and the transverse elastic coefficient of the probe measuring end is the same as the longitudinal elastic coefficient.

[0039] The microsphere is disposed at the end of the probe cantilever of the microtube probe, so that the movement of the microsphere follows the movement of the sarcomere;

[0040] The detection module includes an image acquisition unit, a light source, and an image analysis unit; wherein:

[0041] The image acquisition unit is located on the side opposite to the opening and acquires the motion changes of the microsphere;

[0042] The light source is located on the side facing the opening, the optical axis of the light source coincides with the optical axis of the image acquisition unit, and the height of the light source from the culture dish is greater than the height of the microsphere from the culture dish. The light source illuminates the microsphere, causing a diffraction ring of the microsphere to be formed on the photosensitive plane of the image acquisition unit.

[0043] The image analysis unit obtains the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the sarcomere during movement based on the changes in the diffraction ring.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] In the sarcomere motion detection device of this invention, a culture dish is used to support the sarcomere; the probe measuring end of a microtube probe is used to form negative pressure contact with the sarcomere, and the transverse elastic coefficient of the probe measuring end is the same as the longitudinal elastic coefficient; a microsphere is provided at the end of the probe cantilever of the microtube probe, and the movement of the microsphere follows the movement of the sarcomere; the image acquisition unit in the detection module is located on the side opposite to the opening of the culture dish, and is used to acquire the movement changes of the microsphere; the light source is located on the side facing the opening, the optical axis of the light source coincides with the optical axis of the image acquisition unit, and the height of the light source from the culture dish is greater than the height of the microsphere from the culture dish, and the light source is used to illuminate the microsphere, so that a diffraction ring of the microsphere is formed on the photosensitive plane of the image acquisition unit. This invention achieves synchronous detection of the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the sarcomere by monitoring the changes in the diffraction ring.

[0046] Furthermore, this invention calculates the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the sarcomere during movement by monitoring the displacement caused by the force applied to the measuring end of the probe. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0048] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sarcomere motion detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sarcomere motion detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sarcomere motion detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the actual diffraction ring provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 is a waveform diagram of the working state of the sarcomere motion detection device shown in Figure 3.

[0053] Figure label:

[0054] 10- Petri dish;

[0055] 20-sarcomeres;

[0056] 301 - Probe Measurement End;

[0057] 302 - Probe cantilever end;

[0058] 40-microspheres;

[0059] 501 - Image Acquisition Unit;

[0060] 502 - Light source;

[0061] 503 - Image Analysis Unit;

[0062] 5011 - Objective lens;

[0063] 5012 - Photographic device. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0066] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0067] In view of the difficulty of detecting the three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres using existing technologies, this invention provides a sarcomere motion detection device. In this device, a culture dish is used to support the sarcomere; the probe measuring end of a microtube probe is used to form negative pressure contact with the sarcomere, and the transverse elastic coefficient of the probe measuring end is the same as its longitudinal elastic coefficient; a microsphere is disposed at the end of the cantilever end of the microtube probe, and the movement of the microsphere follows the movement of the sarcomere; an image acquisition unit in the detection module is located on the side opposite to the opening of the culture dish, and is used to acquire changes in the movement of the microsphere; a light source is located on the side facing the opening, the optical axis of the light source coincides with the optical axis of the image acquisition unit, and the height of the light source from the culture dish is greater than the height of the microsphere from the culture dish. The light source is used to illuminate the microsphere, causing a diffraction ring of the microsphere to form on the photosensitive plane of the image acquisition unit. This invention achieves synchronous detection of the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the sarcomere by monitoring changes in the diffraction ring.

[0068] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and beneficial effects of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0069] Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a sarcomere motion detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. This device is used to detect the three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres during motion. Referring to Figure 1, the sarcomere motion detection device includes:

[0070] A culture dish 10 is used to hold the myosarcoma 20, and the culture dish 10 has an opening;

[0071] The microtubular probe has a probe measuring end 301 that forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere 20, and the transverse elastic coefficient of the probe measuring end 301 is the same as the longitudinal elastic coefficient.

[0072] Microspheres 40 are disposed at the end of the probe cantilever end 302 of the microtube probe, such that the movement of the microspheres 40 follows the movement of the myopod 20.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 2. The myosarcokinetic detection device provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes a detection module, which includes an image acquisition unit 501, a light source 502, and an image analysis unit 503; wherein:

[0074] The image acquisition unit 501 is located on the side opposite to the opening and is used to acquire the motion changes of the microsphere 40;

[0075] The light source 502 is located on the side facing the opening. The optical axis of the light source 502 coincides with the optical axis of the image acquisition unit 501. The height of the light source 502 from the culture dish 10 is greater than the height of the microsphere 40 from the culture dish 10. The light source 502 is used to irradiate the microsphere 40, so that a diffraction ring of the microsphere 40 is formed on the photosensitive plane of the image acquisition unit 501.

[0076] The image analysis unit 503 is used to obtain the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the myopod 20 during movement based on the changes in the diffraction ring.

[0077] A method for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres during motion includes the following steps:

[0078] The probe measuring end 301 of the microtube probe forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere 20, and the transverse elastic coefficient of the probe measuring end is the same as the longitudinal elastic coefficient.

[0079] The microsphere 40 is disposed at the end of the probe cantilever end 302 of the microtube probe, so that the movement of the microsphere follows the movement of the sarcomere;

[0080] In the detection module:

[0081] The image acquisition unit 501 acquires the motion changes of the microsphere 40;

[0082] The light source 502 illuminates the microsphere 40, causing a diffraction ring of the microsphere 40 to be formed on the photosensitive plane of the image acquisition unit 501;

[0083] The image analysis unit 503 obtains the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the myopod 20 during movement based on the changes in the diffraction ring.

[0084] As an example, the light source 502 can be a coherent light source, monochromatic light, white light, etc. The present invention does not limit it. As long as it can meet the requirements of the image acquisition unit 501, it is within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0085] As can be seen, the present invention monitors the three-dimensional motion of the sarcomere 20 and the interaction force generated between the probe and the diffraction ring of the microsphere 40, thereby obtaining the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the sarcomere 20 during motion.

[0086] Furthermore, the method of observing the three-dimensional motion of the sarcomere 20 through the diffraction ring can achieve a three-dimensional motion resolution of less than 10 nm obtained by the image analysis unit 503, enabling the present invention to obtain more accurate three-dimensional mechanical properties of the sarcomere 20 during motion.

[0087] In practical work, the sarcomere 20 of the present invention needs to be kept active. Specifically, the activity of the sarcomere 20 can be maintained by adding nutrients required for cell survival to the culture medium, maintaining the environmental temperature at 37 degrees Celsius, etc. This technology is prior art, and the present invention will not elaborate on it here.

[0088] The structure of the sarcomere motion detection device of the present invention will now be described in detail.

[0089] In this embodiment of the invention, the probe measuring end 301 of the microtube probe is a hollow microtube probe. This is because the elastic modulus in the transverse and longitudinal directions is the same when using a hollow microtube probe, which is beneficial for measuring three-dimensional mechanical properties.

[0090] To ensure the operation of the probe measuring end 301 of the microtube probe, the elastic modulus of the probe measuring end 301 can be selected in the range of 0.01N / m to 0.1N / m, its length ranges from 3mm to 5mm, and its outer diameter ranges from 10μm to 30μm.

[0091] For example, the material of the probe measuring end 301 can be borosilicate glass. In practical work, a hollow microtube probe can be formed by stretching a glass microtube with a diameter of 1 mm using laser heating, thereby achieving stable contact with muscle cells.

[0092] Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can select appropriate materials that can form hollow microtubes as needed.

[0093] To facilitate the image acquisition unit 501 in capturing images of the microspheres 40 with high measurement accuracy, the diameter of the microspheres 40 in this embodiment of the invention ranges from 10 μm to 20 μm.

[0094] For example, the material of the microspheres 40 can be silicon dioxide, polystyrene, etc. Of course, the present invention does not limit the material of the microspheres 40, and those skilled in the art can choose appropriate materials for manufacturing as needed.

[0095] In one specific embodiment, referring to FIG3, the image acquisition unit 501 includes an objective lens 5011 and a photographic device 5012, wherein:

[0096] The objective lens 5011 is focused on the microsphere 40, and the camera is used to continuously photograph the microsphere 40 to obtain the center change of the diffraction ring and the diameter change of the outer ring of the diffraction ring.

[0097] It should be understood that the outer ring is a diffraction ring with the strongest light intensity signal.

[0098] As an example, please refer to Figure 4, which shows the diffraction rings in an actual implementation, indicating the location of the diffraction ring with the strongest light intensity signal.

[0099] To ensure measurement quality, the magnification of the objective lens 5011 needs to be greater than or equal to 10x, the frame rate of the photographic device 5012 needs to be greater than or equal to 20, and the resolution needs to be greater than or equal to 4K. Correspondingly, the illumination intensity of the light source 502 also needs to meet the high frame rate recognition requirements of the photographic device 5012.

[0100] In a preferred embodiment, the light source 502 should be coaxial with the objective lens 5011, so that the image analysis unit 503 can perform analysis more accurately.

[0101] Since this invention observes the three-dimensional motion of the sarcomere 20 through a diffraction ring, the measurement method is relatively simple and can be achieved using a common biological microscope.

[0102] Furthermore, as a specific embodiment, the objective lens 5011 can be a biological microscope, and the imaging device 5012 can be a CCD camera. In actual operation, the CCD camera will simultaneously display the microspheres 40 and the myopods 20. However, since the microscope focuses on the microspheres 40, the myopods 20 and the microspheres 40 are not on the same focal plane, and the image of the myopods 20 in the CCD camera is relatively blurry, which facilitates analysis by the image analysis unit 503.

[0103] The working principle of the present invention will now be explained.

[0104] In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned three-dimensional mechanical properties include a first-direction mechanical property, a second-direction mechanical property, and a third-direction mechanical property. The first direction, the second direction, and the third-direction are perpendicular to each other. The first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the culture dish 10, and the third-direction is perpendicular to the culture dish 10.

[0105] In this case, it is easy to understand that if the coordinates of the center position of the diffraction ring shift from (x, y) to (m, n), then the myopod 20 will move along a force parallel to the culture dish 10. The changes have the following relationship:

[0106] Wherein, k is the lateral elastic coefficient or the longitudinal elastic coefficient.

[0107] When obtaining the change of the force of the sarcomere 20 perpendicular to the culture dish 10, the microsphere 40 can be moved up and down in the microscope field of view in the absence of the sarcomere 20 to observe the change of the diffraction ring. In this change, the signal change of the diffraction ring is almost linearly related to the displacement of the movement.

[0108] Based on this, the above-mentioned method for obtaining the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the myopod 20 during movement based on the diffraction ring includes:

[0109] Based on the changes in the center of the diffraction ring along the first and second directions, the mechanical properties in the first and second directions are obtained.

[0110] The third-dimensional mechanical properties are obtained based on the diameter variation of the outer ring of the diffraction ring.

[0111] In practical work, the maximum displacement (dx, dy, dz) of the sarcomere 20 in three spatial directions can be preset first. This maximum displacement can be understood as the range of free contraction and expansion of the sarcomere 20 in the absence of external force. After the probe measuring end 301 of the microtube probe forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere 20, an external force will be applied to the sarcomere 20, thereby limiting the range of motion of the sarcomere 20. In this case, the maximum displacement of the sarcomere 20 in three spatial directions will become (dx1, dy1, dz1). In this embodiment of the invention, after the probe applies an external force, the reduction in the displacement of the sarcomere 20 (i.e., (dx-dx1)(dy-dy1), (dz-dz1)) directly reflects its mechanical characteristics.

[0112] The methods for obtaining the mechanical properties in the first and second directions will now be further elaborated.

[0113] Specifically, the mechanical properties in the first direction have the following relationship:

[0114]

[0115] in, The first direction mechanical characteristic is given by k, where k is either the transverse elastic coefficient or the longitudinal elastic coefficient. When the probe measuring end 301 forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere 20, the reduction distance of the maximum displacement of the center of the diffraction ring along the first direction.

[0116] In an embodiment of the present invention, .

[0117] The mechanical properties in the second direction have the following relationship:

[0118]

[0119] in, The second direction mechanical characteristic is given by k, where k is either the transverse elastic coefficient or the longitudinal elastic coefficient. When the probe measuring end 301 forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere 20, the reduction distance of the maximum displacement of the center of the diffraction ring along the second direction.

[0120] In an embodiment of the present invention, .

[0121] The mechanical properties in the third direction have the following relationship:

[0122]

[0123] in, For a third-party mechanical property, k is the transverse elastic coefficient or the longitudinal elastic coefficient. When the probe measuring end 301 forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere 20, the diameter of the outer ring decreases by a certain distance.

[0124] In an embodiment of the present invention, .

[0125] As can be seen, the present invention calculates the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the myosarcoma 20 during movement by monitoring the displacement generated by the force applied to the measuring end 301 of the probe.

[0126] The working effect of the myosarcomere motion detection device shown in Figure 3 will now be explained with reference to the waveform diagram in Figure 5, wherein:

[0127] x can be understood as the mechanical characteristics in the first direction;

[0128] y can be understood as the mechanical property in the second direction;

[0129] z can be understood as the aforementioned third-party mechanical characteristic.

[0130] As can be seen, the embodiments of the present invention can perform simultaneous detection of the all-round mechanical properties of the sarcomere 20 and obtain data of the complete three-dimensional motion process.

[0131] In summary, this invention utilizes a culture dish to support the sarcomere, and a microtube probe's measuring end forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere, with the transverse and longitudinal elastic coefficients of the measuring end being the same. A microsphere is positioned at the cantilever end of the microtube probe, allowing the microsphere's movement to follow the sarcomere's movement. The image acquisition unit in the detection module is located on the side facing away from the culture dish's opening, used to acquire changes in the microsphere's movement. The light source is located on the side facing the opening, with its optical axis coinciding with the image acquisition unit's optical axis. The distance between the light source and the culture dish is greater than the distance between the microsphere and the culture dish. The light source illuminates the microsphere, forming a diffraction ring of the microsphere on the photosensitive plane of the image acquisition unit. This invention achieves simultaneous detection of the sarcomere's three-dimensional mechanical properties by monitoring changes in the diffraction ring.

[0132] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A device for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties under sarcomere motion, characterized in that, A device for detecting the three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres during movement includes: a culture dish for supporting the sarcomere, the culture dish having an opening; a microtube probe, the probe measuring end of which forms negative pressure contact with the sarcomere, and the transverse elastic coefficient and longitudinal elastic coefficient of the probe measuring end are the same; a microsphere disposed at the end of the probe cantilever of the microtube probe, such that the movement of the microsphere follows the movement of the sarcomere; and a detection module including an image acquisition unit, a light source, and an image analysis unit; wherein: the image acquisition unit is located on the side away from the opening, and is used to acquire the movement changes of the microsphere; the light source is located on the side facing the opening, the optical axis of the light source coincides with the optical axis of the image acquisition unit, and the height of the light source from the culture dish is greater than the height of the microsphere from the culture dish, the light source is used to illuminate the microsphere, so that a diffraction ring of the microsphere is formed on the photosensitive plane of the image acquisition unit; and the image analysis unit is used to obtain the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the sarcomere during movement based on the changes in the diffraction ring.

2. The device for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties under sarcomere motion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional mechanical properties include a first-direction mechanical property, a second-direction mechanical property, and a third-direction mechanical property. The first direction, the second direction, and the third-direction are perpendicular to each other. The first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the culture dish, and the third-direction is perpendicular to the culture dish. A method for obtaining the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the sarcomere during movement based on the diffraction ring includes: obtaining the first-direction mechanical property and the second-direction mechanical property based on the changes in the center of the diffraction ring along the first and second directions; and obtaining the third-direction mechanical property based on the changes in the diameter of the outer ring of the diffraction ring.

3. The device for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties under sarcomere motion as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mechanical property in the first direction has the following relationship: ;in, The first direction mechanical characteristic is given by k, where k is either the transverse elastic coefficient or the longitudinal elastic coefficient. The reduction in the maximum displacement of the center of the diffraction ring along the first direction when the probe measuring end forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere.

4. The device for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres under motion as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mechanical properties in the second direction have the following relationship: ;in, The second direction mechanical characteristic is given by k, where k is either the transverse elastic coefficient or the longitudinal elastic coefficient. The reduction in the maximum displacement of the center of the diffraction ring along the second direction when the probe measuring end forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere.

5. The device for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres under motion as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mechanical properties in the third direction have the following relationship: ;in, For a third-party mechanical property, k is the transverse elastic coefficient or the longitudinal elastic coefficient. The reduction in the diameter of the outer ring when the probe measuring end forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere.

6. The device for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres under motion as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The image acquisition unit includes an objective lens and a photographic device, wherein: the focal point of the objective lens is located on the microsphere, and the objective lens is coaxial with the light source; the camera is used to continuously photograph the microsphere to obtain the center change of the diffraction ring and the diameter change of the outer ring of the diffraction ring.

7. The device for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties under sarcomere motion as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The objective lens has a magnification of 10x or greater.

8. The device for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties under sarcomere motion as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The camera has a frame rate of 20 or higher and a resolution of 4K or higher.

9. The device for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres under motion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The probe measuring end of the microtube probe is a hollow microtube probe, wherein the elastic coefficient of the probe measuring end is in the range of 0.01N / m to 0.1N / m, its length is in the range of 3mm to 5mm, and its outer diameter is in the range of 10μm to 30μm.

10. The device for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres under motion as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The material of the probe measuring end is borosilicate glass.

11. The device for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties under sarcomere motion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the probe cantilever end of the microtube probe ranges from 5μm to 50μm.

12. The device for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties of sarcomeres under motion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the microspheres ranges from 10 μm to 20 μm.

13. A method for detecting three-dimensional mechanical properties under sarcomere motion, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A culture dish supports the sarcomere and has an opening. A microtube probe's measuring end forms a negative pressure contact with the sarcomere, and the transverse elastic coefficient of the measuring end is the same as its longitudinal elastic coefficient. A microsphere is disposed at the end of the probe cantilever of the microtube probe, allowing the movement of the microsphere to follow the movement of the sarcomere. A detection module includes an image acquisition unit, a light source, and an image analysis unit. The image acquisition unit is located on the side opposite to the opening and acquires the movement changes of the microsphere. The light source is located on the side facing the opening, and the optical axis of the light source coincides with the optical axis of the image acquisition unit. The distance between the light source and the culture dish is greater than the distance between the microsphere and the culture dish. The light source illuminates the microsphere, causing a diffraction ring of the microsphere to form on the photosensitive plane of the image acquisition unit. The image analysis unit obtains the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the sarcomere during movement based on the changes in the diffraction ring.

Images