Single-phase intelligent electric energy meter with double-source clock maintaining function

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent electric energy meter, in particular to a single-phase intelligent electric energy meter with double-source clock maintaining function, which comprises a main shell, a sealing cover, a backup battery, an internal PCBA and an RTC module, the main shell is provided with a battery accommodating cavity recessed inward, the battery accommodating cavity is provided with a conductive spring, the battery accommodating cavity is provided with a labyrinth water-blocking annular groove, and the battery accommodating cavity is provided with a capillary flow guiding micro groove; the middle part of the conductive spring is provided with a pressure relief bending arm, the conductive spring is branched into a plurality of finger-shaped cantilever arms; the contact surface of each finger-shaped cantilever arm is provided with a micro boss; and the conductive spring is provided with a variable cross-section drainage section with gradually reduced width. The capillary flow guiding micro groove is introduced into the battery compartment to dehumidify the structure, and the multi-frequency anti-vibration conductive spring with S-shaped pressure relief arm and micro boss is used to maintain electrical connection; the rusting condition is destroyed and the risk of disconnection is eliminated, the reliability of battery power supply is ensured, and continuous and accurate metering of electric energy meter data is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smart energy meter technology, specifically to a single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function. Background Technology

[0002] In the advanced metering system of smart grids, single-phase smart meters, as key end-point metering and data acquisition devices, undertake multiple tasks such as electricity metering, time-of-use billing, and event recording. To ensure fairness in electricity trading, the meters must maintain extremely high real-time clock accuracy and continuity throughout their entire lifespan. Existing technologies typically employ a dual-source power supply architecture of "battery + supercapacitor," achieving uninterrupted power maintenance through an external modular battery compartment structure. For example, "CN107356791B A Single-Phase Smart Meter with Replaceable Batteries" discloses a modular design with replaceable batteries. By setting an independent battery compartment in the meter casing, maintenance personnel can easily perform battery maintenance without disassembling the main casing.

[0003] However, the aforementioned mechanical connection structure faces power supply risks due to fretting wear and stress relaxation in practical applications. Because the electricity meter is constantly exposed to vibration and thermal expansion and contraction caused by diurnal temperature variations, micron-level relative displacement, known as "fretting wear," occurs between the battery terminals and the internal spring contacts. This leads to the peeling of the protective plating on the contact surface and the formation of oxide debris, causing an exponential increase in contact resistance. To address this common mechanical problem, the industry generally adopts solutions such as increasing the normal pressure of the spring contacts (e.g., optimizing the geometry through finite element analysis to achieve a pressure >0.5N) and increasing the thickness of the gold plating layer (e.g., ≥30µin) to maintain stable contact throughout its lifespan. However, these solutions are primarily designed for maintaining mechanical performance in dry or controlled environments and are insufficient when facing specific extreme climates.

[0004] In particular, the reliability of such dual-source systems heavily relies on seamless switching logic during mains power outages: when the system detects a drop in mains voltage, the supercapacitor must first provide a transient pulse current to support the system, after which the battery takes over the RTC load. However, industry standards require batteries to be pluggable, making it difficult to achieve complete hermetic sealing of the battery compartment. When the energy meter is installed in an outdoor environment with severe temperature differences, the "breathing" effect of the battery compartment causes moisture to accumulate inside, forming condensation. This condensation combines with contaminants, triggering a reaction in the galvanic cell and causing condensation corrosion on the mechanical contacts. Because the oxide layer formed on the contact surface has high impedance characteristics, a huge transient voltage drop occurs at this impedance interface during the instantaneous switching process of mains power failure, causing the effective voltage output by the battery to fail to reach the RTC chip's startup threshold. This power supply path blockage caused by environmental adaptability defects directly leads to the RTC resetting due to instantaneous power loss, thus affecting the accuracy of metering.

[0005] To address this, a single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function, which solves the problem of clock power failure when the energy meter is outdoors due to condensation in the battery compartment and contact vibration and wear. By introducing capillary guide microchannels into the battery compartment for structural dehumidification, and using multi-frequency anti-vibration conductive springs with S-shaped pressure relief arms and micro-protrusions to maintain electrical connection, the invention eliminates the conditions for rusting and the risk of disconnection, ensuring the reliability of battery power supply and realizing continuous and accurate measurement of energy meter data.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock retention function includes a main housing, a sealing cover, a backup battery, and an internal PCBA and RTC module. The main housing has an inwardly recessed battery receiving cavity, in which the backup battery is detachably installed. The sealing cover closes to the opening of the battery receiving cavity. A conductive spring is installed inside the battery receiving cavity, and its two ends are electrically connected to the backup battery and the internal PCBA and RTC module, respectively. The periphery of the opening of the battery receiving cavity has an inwardly recessed labyrinth-style water-blocking annular groove. The edge of the cap is fitted into a labyrinthine water-blocking annular groove to form a dynamic interference seal; the peripheral wall of the battery housing cavity is provided with capillary microgrooves, which extend to the blind end of the battery housing cavity; the capillary microgrooves can utilize their own capillary effect to transfer water vapor from the bottom of the battery housing cavity upwards to accelerate water vapor evaporation and prevent rusting between the bottom of the backup battery and the spring contact; they can also transfer the heat generated by the backup battery during operation upwards to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the backup battery; the middle part of the conductive spring contact is set as a non-linear pressure-relieving bending arm, the... The contact end between the conductive spring and the backup battery branches into multiple independent finger-shaped cantilever arms. Each finger-shaped cantilever arm has a micro-protrusion on its contact surface, which abuts against the backup battery surface in a point-contact manner. When changes in ambient temperature cause thermal expansion and contraction of the casing, or when subjected to external force, the pressure-relieving bending arm absorbs the force through its own bending, thus maintaining close contact between the backup battery and the conductive spring. Simultaneously, during assembly, the deformation of the pressure-relieving bending arm provides clearance for pushing the backup battery in. Furthermore, the design of the finger-shaped cantilever arms combined with the micro-protrusions transforms the original single-piece contact surface... The contact is divided into multiple points of contact, so even if one point fails to function properly, the other points can still be connected to conduct electricity; at the same time, point contact makes it easier to dissipate impurities and water films on the contact surface; the base of the conductive spring and the pressure relief bending arm are set as a variable cross-section drainage section with a gradually narrowing width; the variable cross-section drainage section is wider closer to the root, which on the one hand increases the conductive channel area, allowing the current channel to be more spacious when battery power is needed in the event of a sudden power outage, preventing power loss; on the other hand, it enhances the structural strength of the conductive spring and ensures the stability of the electrical connection between the conductive spring and the backup battery.

[0009] Preferably, the edge of the sealing cover extends with a stepped flange, the stepped profile of which complements and fits into the groove structure of the labyrinthine water-blocking annular groove; the stepped flange and the labyrinthine groove fit together, enhancing the effect of blocking external moisture; and the complementary fit structure allows the cover to lock together after being closed, so that the cover is not easy to shift left or right or loosen when encountering vibration, thus enhancing the connection stability between the sealing cover and the main shell.

[0010] Preferably, the sealing cover includes a partially thinned air-permeable blind zone. When under pressure, the air-permeable blind zone undergoes structural deformation to balance the internal and external air pressure; it eliminates the breathing effect inside the chamber caused by drastic temperature differences in the environment and blocks the intrusion of liquid water; and it eliminates the need for an external independent air-permeable valve component, reducing the overall assembly complexity and the risk of potential leakage failure.

[0011] Preferably, the inner wall of the battery housing cavity is provided with a polarity guide rib, the inner contour of which is adapted to the outer contour of the spare battery to prevent reverse connection and limit the connection. The polarity guide rib not only standardizes the assembly path, but also works with the inner wall of the housing cavity to limit the spare battery, further reducing the degree of freedom of the battery in a strong vibration environment and ensuring the continuous stability of the power supply path.

[0012] Preferably, the opening of the battery housing cavity is provided with a baffle, which is configured as an annular structure, and the side of the baffle facing the battery housing cavity stores desiccant. The opening of the capillary microchannel is directly opposite the baffle. Without occupying additional main space for the battery housing, a desiccant pre-placement cavity is provided, which, together with the capillary microchannel, continuously adsorbs and solidifies trace amounts of residual moisture. Moreover, its annular structure avoids sealing the battery housing cavity, ensuring the heat dissipation effect when the backup battery is working.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure-relieving bending arm is configured as a continuously bent S-shaped wave structure, and the pressure-relieving bending arm is perpendicular to the direction of pushing the backup battery in. The S-shaped wave structure has multiple bends, which can disperse the force and play a buffering role. At the same time, the design perpendicular to the pushing direction allows the bending arm to bend upward in the direction of pressure when the backup battery is pushed in, so as not to force the backup battery in and hinder its entry or cause deformation.

[0014] Preferably, the micro-protrusions have a hemispherical structure, and multiple micro-protrusions are arranged in an array on the same finger-shaped cantilever. The hemispherical micro-protrusions avoid scratching the backup battery by utilizing their smooth surfaces, and the multiple micro-protrusions arranged in an array ensure that there are micro-protrusions continuously pushing apart the water film and oxide insulation layer in any direction of micro-movement trajectory. In addition, the hemispherical structure of the micro-protrusions can also play a guiding role when the backup battery enters.

[0015] Preferably, the edge contours on both sides of the variable cross-section drain section are set as a smoothly transitioning concave arc-shaped structure; this eliminates local stress concentration caused by abrupt cross-section changes, reduces the risk of metal structure tearing under long-term high-frequency vibration, and at the same time, by reducing the local current density concentration at the geometric sharp corners, it avoids significant voltage drop fluctuations caused by transient large currents at the cross-section change points, further stabilizing the contact impedance of the conductive spring, and ensuring that even under harsh working conditions, the dual-source clock system can complete fast and lossless energy transmission switching.

[0016] Preferably, the multiple finger-shaped cantilever arms have different lengths; the differentiated lengths give each finger-shaped cantilever arm a different inherent resonant frequency, so that when facing complex outdoor wide-frequency vibration environments (such as heavy vehicles passing by, low-frequency vibrations of transformers, etc.), the cantilever arms will not resonate and bounce synchronously, thereby ensuring that at least one finger-shaped cantilever arm always maintains stable and close contact with the backup battery under any external excitation frequency, thereby reducing the risk of instantaneous contact disengagement and RTC reset caused by severe environmental vibration, and realizing the accuracy of the electricity meter counting.

[0017] Preferably, the cross-section of the capillary flow guiding microchannel is V-shaped, and the opening width of the capillary flow guiding microchannel gradually expands from the blind end of the battery receiving cavity towards the direction near the baffle. The V-shaped structure enhances the deep capillary suction force with its sharp included angle, while the gradient expansion design of the opening width creates a continuously changing Laplace pressure difference along the liquid extension direction inside the microchannel. With the help of the V-shaped cross-section and the gradient expansion structure, a stable pressure gradient field is formed inside the microchannel from the blind end to the baffle, causing the water droplets condensed at the bottom of the battery receiving cavity to slowly migrate towards the baffle under capillary action, and finally be adsorbed and solidified by the desiccant on the baffle.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. This invention improves the flow guiding and dehumidification structure of the battery housing cavity, and uses conductive springs with specific shapes and size distributions to solve the problems of condensation and water accumulation inside the battery compartment in outdoor environments, as well as wear and poor contact caused by long-term vibration; it ensures the reliability of the electrical connection between the backup battery and the internal PCBA and RTC module, and improves the continuity of electricity meter data recording.

[0020] 2. This invention utilizes the multi-structural features of the conductive spring to prevent vibration-induced disconnection and reduce contact resistance. First, the S-shaped pressure-relieving bending arm in the middle of the conductive spring can absorb the stress generated by external shaking and thermal expansion and contraction through its own bending, maintaining the fit between the spring and the battery. Second, the multiple branching finger-shaped cantilever arms are set with different lengths, so that each cantilever arm has a different self-vibration frequency when facing external environmental vibrations. This avoids all cantilever arms from simultaneously springing up and detaching from the backup battery when encountering vibrations at a specific frequency, ensuring that there is always a cantilever arm in contact. Finally, the micro-protrusions on the cantilever contact surface adopt a point contact method, which can push away impurities, water films, and oxide debris on the contact surface when the battery is pushed in or undergoes slight sliding due to vibration, providing multiple low-impedance conductive paths for battery power supply in the event of a sudden power outage.

[0021] 3. The present invention provides a capillary guiding microchannel on the peripheral wall of the battery housing cavity. The cross-section of the microchannel adopts a V-shaped structure, and the opening width gradually widens from the blind end of the housing cavity towards the baffle. This V-shape combined with the gradually widening structure can rely on the physical properties of capillary action to guide and accelerate the outward transport of the fine water droplets condensed at the bottom of the cavity. The guided water is concentrated and adsorbed by the desiccant set on the annular baffle, effectively removing moisture inside the battery compartment, destroying the conditions for condensation and rusting, and protecting the metal contact terminals from corrosion. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall isometric structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the backup battery according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the backup battery wiring of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the conductive spring structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall right-side full sectional structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall main structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Main casing; 2. Sealing cap; 21. Stepped flange; 22. Ventilation blind zone; 3. Backup battery; 4. Internal PCBA and RTC module; 5. Battery housing cavity; 51. Labyrinth-type water-blocking annular groove; 52. Capillary flow guiding micro-groove; 53. Polar guide rib; 54. Baffle; 6. Conductive spring; 61. Pressure-relieving bending arm; 62. Finger-shaped cantilever; 621. Micro-protrusion; 63. Variable cross-section drainage section. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides a single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock retention function includes a main housing 1, a sealing cover 2, a backup battery 3, and an internal PCBA and RTC module 4. The main housing 1 has an inwardly recessed battery receiving cavity 5. The backup battery 3 is detachably installed in the battery receiving cavity 5. The sealing cover 2 covers the opening of the battery receiving cavity 5. A conductive spring 6 is installed in the battery receiving cavity 5. The two ends of the conductive spring 6 are electrically connected to the backup battery 3 and the internal PCBA and RTC module 4, respectively. The periphery of the opening of the battery receiving cavity 5 is provided with an inwardly recessed labyrinth-type water-blocking annular groove 51. The edge of the sealing cover 2 is fitted into the labyrinth-type water-blocking annular groove 51 to form a dynamic interference seal. Preferably, the main housing 1 and the sealing cover 2 are injection molded from polycarbonate (PC) or PC / ABS alloy with excellent UV resistance and weather resistance. The interference fit of the dynamic interference seal is controlled between 0.15mm and 0.3mm to ensure that the material can maintain a protection level of IP54 or higher after thermal expansion and contraction under extreme temperature differences of -40℃ to +70℃, while also taking into account the convenience of manual disassembly by maintenance personnel.

[0034] Reference Figure 7 The battery housing cavity 5 has capillary flow guide microgrooves 52 on its peripheral wall, which extend to the blind end of the battery housing cavity 5. The capillary flow guide microgrooves 52 are preferably formed directly on the inner wall of the battery housing cavity 5 by precision injection molding. The microgroove system is evenly distributed along the generatrix of the battery pushing direction. The design of extending to the blind end is intended to cover the bottom area where condensation is most likely to accumulate without dead angles, and to establish a basic flow channel for the spontaneous absorption of water in the future.

[0035] The conductive spring 6 has a non-linear pressure-relieving bending arm 61 in the middle. The contact end between the conductive spring 6 and the backup battery 3 branches into multiple independent finger-shaped cantilever arms 62. The conductive spring 6 is preferably made of beryllium bronze (such as C17200) with a thickness of 0.15mm to 0.3mm by stamping, and the surface is locally gold-plated with a thickness of not less than 30μin to ensure both excellent fatigue resistance and extremely low contact resistance. The branched design (e.g., divided into 3 to 5 cantilever arms) decouples each cantilever arm from each other in mechanical structure. When one cantilever arm is raised due to impurities, the other cantilever arms can still maintain normal electrical contact.

[0036] Each finger-shaped cantilever 62 has a micro-protrusion 621 on its contact surface, which abuts against the surface of the backup battery 3 in a point contact manner. A variable cross-section drain section 63 with a gradually narrowing width is configured between the base of the conductive spring 6 and the pressure relief bending arm 61. The width of the base end of the variable cross-section drain section 63 is preferably 2 to 3 times the width of the pressure relief bending arm 61. This gradually narrowing structure not only provides extremely high bending section modulus at the root, effectively preventing root fatigue fracture caused by long-term stress, but more importantly, its widened base significantly increases the conductive cross-sectional area, alleviating the skin effect during transient current changes and ensuring low-impedance transmission of large pulse currents during mains power drops.

[0037] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The edge of the sealing cover 2 extends with a stepped flange 21. The stepped profile of the stepped flange 21 complements the groove structure of the labyrinthine water-blocking annular groove 51. This complementary fit not only increases the surface creepage distance of external water vapor intrusion, forcing water vapor to undergo multiple directional deflections and kinetic energy attenuation, but also enhances the mechanical interlocking effect of the stepped structure, thereby increasing the sealing cover 2's ability to resist lateral shear forces and preventing it from experiencing minor slippage failure under strong vibration.

[0038] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The sealing cover 2 includes a partially thinned ventilated blind zone 22. Under pressure, the ventilated blind zone 22 undergoes structural deformation to balance the internal and external air pressure. Specifically, the wall thickness of the ventilated blind zone 22 is preferably reduced to 10% to 20% of the main wall thickness (e.g., 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm), and can be designed as a concentric corrugated microstructure. When a negative pressure is generated inside the battery housing cavity 5 due to rapid cooling, the blind zone deforms inward to compensate for the cavity volume, thereby reducing the probability of external moisture being drawn into the cavity through the sealing gap, thus hindering the replenishment of water vapor for condensation formation.

[0039] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 4 The capillary microchannel 52 has a V-shaped cross-section, and the opening width of the capillary microchannel 52 gradually increases from the blind end of the battery receiving cavity 5 towards the baffle 54. The included angle of the V-shape is preferably set between 30° and 60°, and its tip has rounded corners to maximize capillary force. The gradient expansion ratio of the opening width is preferably 1:2 to 1:5. Due to the continuous increase of the radius of curvature along the liquid extension direction, a Laplace pressure difference is constructed from the blind end to the opening direction, which enables spontaneous and directional pumping of condensed water droplets without the need for external power.

[0040] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 5A baffle 54 is provided at the opening of the battery housing cavity 5. The baffle 54 is designed as a ring structure, and a desiccant is stored on the side of the baffle 54 facing the battery housing cavity 5. The opening of the capillary flow channel 52 is directly opposite the baffle 54. The desiccant is preferably silica gel or molecular sieve, which is not easily liquefied after absorbing moisture and has stable chemical properties. The opening of the capillary flow channel 52 is directly opposite this area, so that the liquid water pumped out in a directional manner can be irreversibly solidified and adsorbed in situ and quickly. The ring structure retains a central ventilation channel while carrying the desiccant, and the hollow area accounting for more than 50% ensures efficient convection heat dissipation of the backup battery 3 when it generates heat during discharge.

[0041] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 6 The pressure relief bending arm 61 is configured as a continuously bent S-shaped wave structure, and the pressure relief bending arm 61 is perpendicular to the direction of insertion of the backup battery 3. The conductive spring 6 is preferably made of beryllium bronze (such as C17200) with gold plating (thickness ≥30μin) to ensure both excellent fatigue resistance and extremely low contact resistance. The bending inner diameter of the S-shaped wave structure is not less than 1.5 times the material thickness, which aims to eliminate the risk of microcracks during processing and frequent stress, and ensure that it can stably provide a normal contact pressure of 0.5N to 1.2N throughout its life cycle.

[0042] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 6 The micro-protrusions 621 have a hemispherical structure, and multiple micro-protrusions 621 are arranged in an array on the same finger-shaped cantilever 62. The radius of curvature of the micro-protrusions 621 is preferably 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm. They are formed in one piece by precision stamping process. When the battery is assembled or relative slippage is induced by environmental micro-movements, the hemispherical protrusions can generate extremely high local Hertzian contact stress, which can pierce and push away the insulating oxide debris and condensate film on the surface of the battery negative electrode, exposing the pure metal substrate, thereby reducing contact resistance.

[0043] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 6 The edge contours on both sides of the variable cross-section drainage section 63 are designed as a smoothly transitioning concave arc-shaped structure; this eliminates the stress concentration hazards caused by traditional right-angle steps and improves the fatigue life of metal materials under high-frequency alternating loads (such as continuous vibrations caused by vehicles). At the same time, the smooth contour suppresses the "edge discharge effect" generated by transient large currents at sharp corners, further stabilizing the contact impedance.

[0044] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 6Multiple finger-shaped cantilever arms 62 have different lengths; for example, setting the lengths of three finger-shaped cantilever arms 62 to 10mm, 12mm, and 10mm respectively, since the natural frequency is inversely proportional to the square of the length, the differentiated configuration of lengths will give these three cantilever arms distinctly different natural frequencies. When the energy meter encounters external excitation of the same broadband frequency, such as the low-frequency hum of a transformer or the passing of a heavy-duty vehicle, it can eliminate the hidden danger of a traditional single spring contact instantly detaching from the battery surface due to resonance, achieving multi-degree redundant contact in space and time. Alternatively, the above effect can also be achieved through differentiated thickness design.

[0045] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 8 The inner wall of the battery housing cavity 5 is provided with a polarity guide rib 53. The inner contour of the polarity guide rib 53 is adapted to the outer contour of the spare battery 3 to prevent reverse connection. This eliminates the risk of reverse connection of the battery's positive and negative terminals caused by blind operation by maintenance personnel at night or in harsh environments, and protects the internal PCBA circuit from reverse voltage breakdown. At the same time, the guide rib also acts as a circumferential stop rib, restricting the battery's rotational freedom under strong vibration.

[0046] Working principle: In order to solve the problem that the dual-source clock system fails due to transient power supply failure caused by condensation inside the battery housing cavity 5 and long-term vibration leading to fretting wear and poor contact in single-phase smart meters under extreme outdoor climate and complex vibration environments, the following design is made.

[0047] To eliminate the "breathing effect" inside the chamber caused by drastic temperature changes and actively remove existing trace moisture to disrupt the conditions for condensation and rust, thereby protecting the metal contact terminals from corrosion, the specific method is as follows: First, a locally thinned, breathable blind zone 22 is set on the sealing cover 2. The structural deformation that occurs under pressure balances the internal and external pressure difference in real time, preventing liquid water intrusion. Simultaneously, capillary guide microgrooves 52 with a V-shaped cross-section and a gradually widening opening width from the blind end towards the baffle 54 are formed on the periphery of the battery housing cavity 5. Utilizing the strong capillary suction force generated by this V-shape combined with the gradually widening structure and the continuously changing Laplace pressure difference, the extremely small amount of high-resistivity water droplets condensed at the bottom of the cavity are directionally guided and accelerated outwards, ultimately being concentrated and irreversibly solidified and adsorbed by the desiccant located on the annular baffle 54.

[0048] In order to provide multiple low-impedance conductive paths during transient switching processes caused by mains power drops and under long-term broadband vibration conditions, prevent vibration disconnection, and ensure rapid and lossless energy transfer and switching, the specific method is to use a conductive spring 6 with multiple mechanical and electrical optimization features for energy transfer. First, the variable cross-section drainage section 63, with its gradually narrowing width between the base of the conductive spring 6 and the pressure-relieving bending arm 61, increases the area of ​​the high-current conductive channel during sudden power outages while enhancing the structural strength and fatigue resistance of the conductive spring 6. Second, the S-shaped wave structure pressure-relieving bending arm 61, perpendicular to the battery insertion direction, absorbs the alternating stress generated by external shaking and thermal expansion and contraction through its own bending, maintaining a tight fit between the spring and the backup battery 3. Third, the contact end is bifurcated into independent finger-shaped cantilever arms 62 with different cross-sectional widths, giving each cantilever arm a different self-vibration frequency, ensuring that synchronous resonance bounce does not occur when facing complex external environmental vibrations, and that a cantilever arm always maintains stable contact. Finally, hemispherical micro-protrusions 621 are arranged in an array on the cantilever contact surface, continuously squeezing and pushing away impurities, water films, and oxide insulating debris on the contact surface in a point contact manner when the battery is pushed in or experiences slight sliding due to vibration, thereby providing a stable and reliable electrical connection.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock retention function, comprising a main housing, a sealing cover, a backup battery, and an internal PCBA and RTC module, wherein the main housing has an inwardly recessed battery receiving cavity, the backup battery is detachably installed in the battery receiving cavity, the sealing cover closes to the opening of the battery receiving cavity, and a conductive spring is installed in the battery receiving cavity, the two ends of the conductive spring being electrically connected to the backup battery and the internal PCBA and RTC module, respectively; characterized in that: The opening periphery of the battery housing cavity is provided with a concave labyrinth-type water-blocking annular groove, and the edge of the sealing cover is fitted into the labyrinth-type water-blocking annular groove to form a dynamic interference seal. The peripheral wall of the battery housing cavity is provided with capillary guide microgrooves, which extend to the blind end of the battery housing cavity. The middle part of the conductive spring is configured as a non-linear pressure-relieving bending arm, and the contact end between the conductive spring and the backup battery is branched into multiple independent finger-shaped cantilever arms. Each of the finger-shaped cantilever has a micro-protrusion on its contact surface, and the micro-protrusion abuts against the surface of the backup battery in a point contact manner. The area between the base of the conductive spring and the pressure relief bending arm is configured as a variable cross-section drainage section with a gradually decreasing width.

2. The single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the sealing cap extends with a stepped flange, the stepped profile of which complements and fits into the groove structure of the labyrinthine water-blocking annular groove.

3. The single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing cap includes a locally thinned air-permeable blind zone, which undergoes structural deformation under pressure to balance the internal and external air pressure.

4. The single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the battery housing is provided with polarity guide ribs, and the inner contour of the polarity guide ribs is adapted to the outer contour of the spare battery to prevent reverse connection.

5. The single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the battery housing cavity is provided with a baffle, which is configured as an annular structure, and the side of the baffle facing the battery housing cavity stores desiccant. The opening of the capillary guide microchannel is directly opposite the baffle.

6. The single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief bending arm is configured as a continuously bent S-shaped wave structure, and the pressure relief bending arm is perpendicular to the direction of pushing in the backup battery.

7. The single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-protrusions have a hemispherical structure, and multiple micro-protrusions are arranged in an array on the same finger-shaped cantilever.

8. The single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge contours on both sides of the variable cross-section drainage section are designed as a smoothly transitioning concave arc-shaped structure.

9. The single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple finger-shaped cantilever arms have different lengths.

10. The single-phase smart energy meter with dual-source clock hold function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The capillary flow guide microchannel has a V-shaped cross-section, and the opening width of the capillary flow guide microchannel gradually expands from the blind end of the battery housing cavity towards the baffle.

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