Battery protection box and battery pack

Abstract

The invention provides a battery protection box and a battery pack, the battery protection box comprises a box body frame, a water cooling plate, bottom protection plates, a first buffer piece and a second buffer piece, the water cooling plate is arranged on one side of the box body frame in the Z direction, and in the Z direction, at least two bottom protection plates are stacked on one side, away from a battery module, of the water cooling plate; wherein a first installation area is formed between one bottom protection plate close to the water cooling plate and the water cooling plate, a second installation area is formed between every two adjacent bottom protection plates, the first buffer parts are arranged in the first installation areas and abut against the water cooling plate and the bottom protection plates, and the second buffer parts are arranged in the second installation areas and abut against the two adjacent bottom protection plates. According to the battery protection box and the battery pack provided by the invention, the battery module is effectively protected by arranging the at least two bottom protection plates, the first buffer piece and the second buffer piece, so that the problem of use safety of the battery box caused by poor protection effect of a bottom protection structure of the battery box in the prior art is solved.

Description

Battery protection box and battery pack Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery-related technologies, and more specifically, to a battery protection box and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of new energy vehicles, the safety and reliability of power battery packs have received widespread attention from the industry. The new national standard sets higher requirements for bottom protection of power battery packs, stipulating that they must meet the 150J bottom ball impact test. This standard aims to assess the structural integrity of the battery pack and the safety of its cells in the event of a bottom impact. At the same time, the market and customers have raised expectations for the protective performance of battery packs beyond regulatory requirements, especially in terms of protection against high-intensity collisions and everyday driving bumps.

[0003] Currently, the bottom protective structure of the battery pack is prone to structural damage under high-intensity impacts. Furthermore, the direct contact or gap between the bottom of the battery pack and the cells is too small. Once the bottom protective plate is damaged, the cells are easily directly damaged, which may lead to the risk of fire or explosion.

[0004] As can be seen from the above, the bottom protective structure of the battery box in the existing technology has poor protection effect, which leads to safety issues in the use of the battery box. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a battery protection box and battery pack to solve the problem that the bottom protection structure of the existing battery box has poor protection effect, which leads to safety issues in the use of the battery box.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery protection box is provided for mounting a battery module. The battery protection box includes a box frame; a water-cooling plate disposed on one side of the box frame along the Z direction to cool the battery module, wherein the Z direction is the height direction of the box frame; at least two bottom protective plates, along the Z direction, at least two bottom protective plates are stacked on the side of the water-cooling plate away from the battery module, wherein a first mounting area is formed between the bottom protective plate closest to the water-cooling plate and the water-cooling plate, and a second mounting area is formed between two adjacent bottom protective plates; a first buffer member is disposed in the first mounting area and abuts against the water-cooling plate and the bottom protective plates; and a second buffer member is disposed in the second mounting area and abuts against the two adjacent bottom protective plates.

[0007] In some embodiments, the battery protection box further includes a connecting structure, with mounting plate segments on the bottom protective plate, and mounting plate segments of at least two bottom protective plates and a water-cooling plate are detachably mounted to the box frame via the connecting structure.

[0008] In some embodiments, the bottom guard plate has a groove structure recessed along the Z direction toward the side facing the water-cooled plate. The groove structure is used to accommodate a first buffer or a second buffer. The plate segment at the outer periphery of the groove opening of the groove structure forms a mounting plate segment. A connecting plate segment is arc-shaped between the bottom wall of the groove structure and the mounting plate segment. The spacing between the connecting plate segments of two adjacent bottom guard plates increases from the outside to the inside.

[0009] In some embodiments, the bottom cover plate includes a first bottom cover plate and a second bottom cover plate. Along the Z direction, the first bottom cover plate is disposed between the water-cooled plate and the second bottom cover plate, a first mounting area is formed between the first bottom cover plate and the water-cooled plate, and a second mounting area is formed between the first bottom cover plate and the second bottom cover plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the connection structure includes: a first connector, which penetrates and is fixed to the water-cooled plate and the housing frame along the Z direction, a first end of the first connector being connected to the housing frame to form a first limiting portion, a second end of the first connector being connected to the water-cooled plate and having a second limiting portion, the water-cooled plate abutting between the second limiting portion and the housing frame, and the first connector also having an installation port; a second connector, which penetrates the mounting plate segment of the first bottom guard plate and the mounting plate segment of the second bottom guard plate along the Z direction, a one end of the second connector being connected to the installation port of the first connector, the other end of the second connector having a third limiting portion, and the mounting plate segment of the first bottom guard plate and the mounting plate segment of the second bottom guard plate abutting between the second limiting portion and the third limiting portion.

[0011] In some embodiments, the connection structure includes: a first connector, a mounting plate segment extending through the first bottom protective plate, a water-cooling plate, and a housing frame along the Z direction, a first end of the first connector being connected to the housing frame to form a first limiting portion, a second end of the first connector being connected to the mounting plate segment and having a second limiting portion, the water-cooling plate and the mounting plate segment of the first bottom protective plate abutting between the second limiting portion and the housing frame, and the first connector also having a mounting opening; a second connector, a mounting plate segment extending through the second bottom protective plate along the Z direction, one end of the second connector being connected to the mounting opening of the first connector, the other end of the second connector having a third limiting portion, and the mounting plate segment of the second bottom protective plate abutting between the second limiting portion and the third limiting portion.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first buffer and the second buffer have the same structure, both being elastic plate-like structures, and the first buffer and the second buffer are respectively filled in the first mounting area and the second mounting area.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first buffer and the second buffer have different structures; the first buffer is a plate-like structure, and multiple second buffers are provided, with the multiple second buffers spaced apart along the length and / or width of the box frame.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second buffer includes: an elastic member along the Z direction, with opposite sides of the elastic member abutting against two bottom guard plates respectively; a buffer block along the Z direction, with opposite sides of the buffer block abutting against two bottom guard plates respectively; the elastic member having an installation channel arranged along the Z direction, and the buffer block being disposed within the installation channel of the elastic member; or the buffer block having an annular channel arranged along the Z direction, and the elastic member being disposed within the annular channel of the buffer block.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a battery pack is provided, the battery pack including a battery module and the aforementioned battery protective case, wherein the battery module is disposed inside the battery protective case.

[0016] By applying the technical solution of this invention, the battery protective box of this application achieves effective protection for the battery module by setting at least two bottom protective plates, forming a first mounting area and a second mounting area between the battery and the water-cooling plate and the adjacent bottom protective plate, respectively. A first buffer and a second buffer are set within the first and second mounting areas. Based on the double-layer bottom protective plate structure, when the bottom of the box is subjected to external impact, the double-layer bottom protective plates absorb the impact energy through their own deformation, and the two buffers further absorb the impact energy through compression, thereby preventing direct damage to the battery cells and water-cooling plate, ensuring the safety of the battery cells, and preventing fire or explosion accidents. The structural design of this application not only strengthens the bottom structure of the entire box but also provides additional cushioning under higher intensity impacts, ensuring the safety of the liquid cooling system and significantly improving the protective performance of the battery protective box bottom against different impacts. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 shows a three-dimensional structural diagram of the battery pack of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 shows a top view of the battery pack of the present invention, wherein the mounting plate segments of the first bottom protective plate and the second bottom protective plate abut against the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion;

[0020] Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view along line AA in Figure 2;

[0021] Figure 4 shows an enlarged view of point B in Figure 3;

[0022] Figure 5 shows an enlarged view of point C in Figure 4;

[0023] Figure 6 shows a top view of the second bottom protective plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second bottom protective plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 shows an enlarged view of point D in Figure 7;

[0026] Figure 9 shows a top view of the battery pack of the present invention, wherein the mounting plate segment of the second bottom protective plate abuts between the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion;

[0027] Figure 10 shows the EE-directed sectional view in Figure 9;

[0028] Figure 11 shows an enlarged view of point F in Figure 10;

[0029] Figure 12 shows an enlarged view of point G in Figure 11.

[0030] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0031] 10. Housing frame; 110. Crossbeam; 20. Water-cooled plate; 30. Bottom guard plate; 310. First bottom guard plate; 320. Second bottom guard plate; 330. Groove structure; 340. Mounting plate segment; 350. Connecting plate segment; 40. Battery module; 50. First mounting area; 60. Second mounting area; 70. First buffer component; 80. Second buffer component; 810. Elastic component; 820. Buffer block; 90. Connecting structure; 910. First connecting component; 911. Second limiting part; 912. Mounting port; 920. Second connecting component; 921. Third limiting part. Detailed Implementation

[0032] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "top," and "bottom" are generally used in relation to the direction shown in the accompanying drawings, or in relation to the vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational direction of the component itself; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself, but the above directional terms are not intended to limit this invention.

[0035] To address the issue of poor protection in the bottom protective structure of existing battery boxes, which leads to safety problems during use, this application provides a battery protection box. The battery protection box houses the battery module 40 for protection and installation.

[0036] The battery module 40 includes at least one cell group, and each cell group includes multiple stacked cells. The stacking direction can be the length or width direction of the battery protective box.

[0037] As shown in Figures 1 to 12, the battery protection box includes a box frame 10, a water-cooling plate 20, a bottom protective plate 30, a first buffer 70, and a second buffer 80. The water-cooling plate 20 is disposed on one side of the box frame 10 along the Z direction to cool the battery module 40. Along the Z direction, at least two bottom protective plates 30 are stacked on the side of the water-cooling plate 20 away from the battery module 40. A first mounting area 50 is formed between the bottom protective plate 30 closest to the water-cooling plate 20 and the water-cooling plate 20, and a second mounting area 60 is formed between two adjacent bottom protective plates 30. The first buffer 70 is disposed in the first mounting area 50 and abuts against the water-cooling plate 20 and the bottom protective plate 30. The second buffer 80 is disposed in the second mounting area 60 and abuts against the two adjacent bottom protective plates 30.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1, the Z direction is the height direction of the box frame 10; the X direction is the length direction of the box frame 10; and the Y direction is the width direction of the box frame 10.

[0039] Specifically, the water-cooled plate 20 is disposed on one side of the bottom of the housing frame 10 to support the battery module 40 and to exchange heat with the battery module 40, thereby achieving the effect of cooling the battery module 40; the bottom guard plate 30 is disposed on the side of the water-cooled plate 20 away from the battery module 40 to provide bottom protection; the housing frame 10 includes a set of oppositely arranged crossbeams 110. Along the Z direction, the set of oppositely arranged crossbeams 110 is disposed on one side of the top surface of the water-cooled plate 20, and the battery module 40 is disposed in the area between the two oppositely arranged crossbeams 110.

[0040] The battery protection box of this application effectively protects the battery module 40 by setting at least two bottom protective plates 30, forming a first mounting area 50 and a second mounting area 60 between the battery protection box and the water-cooling plate 20 and the adjacent bottom protective plate 30, respectively. A first buffer 70 and a second buffer 80 are set within the first mounting area 50 and the second mounting area 60. Based on the double-layer bottom protective plate 30 structure, when the bottom of the battery protection box is subjected to external impact, the double-layer bottom protective plates 30 absorb the impact energy through their own deformation, and the two buffers further absorb the impact energy through compression, thereby preventing direct damage to the battery cell and the water-cooling plate 20, ensuring the safety of the battery cell, and preventing fire or explosion accidents. The structural design of this application not only strengthens the bottom structure of the entire battery protection box but also provides additional cushioning under higher intensity impacts, ensuring the safety of the liquid cooling system and significantly improving the protective performance of the bottom of the battery protection box against different impacts.

[0041] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 to 5, the battery protection box further includes a connecting structure 90, and the bottom protective plate 30 has a mounting plate segment 340. At least two mounting plate segments 340 of the bottom protective plate 30 and the water cooling plate 20 are detachably mounted to the box frame 10 through the connecting structure 90.

[0042] Among them, at least two mounting plate segments 340 of the bottom protective plate 30 and the water-cooled plate 20 are detachably mounted to the crossbeam 110 through the connecting structure 90.

[0043] Specifically, the water-cooled plate 20 and at least two bottom protective plates 30 are detachably installed on the box frame 10 through the connecting structure 90, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly, facilitates maintenance, avoids the risk of thermal deformation caused by traditional welding, and achieves the overall structural fit. The structural design of the box frame 10, water-cooled plate 20 and at least two bottom plates effectively strengthens the overall structural strength and further improves the safety of the battery protection box.

[0044] At least two bottom protective plates 30 and the water-cooling plate 20 can be easily installed and removed from the enclosure frame 10 via the connecting structure 90. This not only simplifies the assembly process but also allows for quick replacement of the bottom protective plate 30 without affecting the integrity of the water-cooling system in the event of bottom damage, ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack. Furthermore, this detachable installation method helps to better adapt to different operating conditions, enabling flexible interaction between the bottom protective plate 30 and the water-cooling plate 20, and enhancing the battery protection box's ability to cope with diverse usage scenarios.

[0045] In this embodiment, the bottom guard plate 30 has a groove structure 330 recessed along the Z direction towards the water-cooled plate 20. The groove structure 330 is used to accommodate the first buffer 70 or the second buffer 80. The groove structure 330 provides precise positioning for the buffer, reducing displacement of the buffer during impact or vibration and ensuring stable buffering and vibration reduction effects. At the same time, the recessed design of the groove structure 330 can reduce the local thickness of the bottom guard plate 30, optimizing the overall weight while ensuring rigidity. The plate segment at the outer periphery of the groove opening of the groove structure 330 forms the mounting plate segment 340. The bottom wall of the groove structure 330 and the mounting plate segment 340 are connected by an arc-shaped connecting plate segment 350. The spacing between the connecting plate segments 350 of two adjacent bottom guard plates 30 increases from the outside to the inside. This design of increasing spacing from the outside to the inside reserves space for thermal expansion and contraction of each bottom guard plate 30, avoiding mutual compression and deformation of adjacent plates under high temperature conditions.

[0046] Specifically, an arc-shaped connecting plate segment 350 is provided between the bottom wall of the groove structure 330 of each bottom protective plate 30 and the mounting plate segment 340. The arc-shaped connecting plate segment 350 can disperse external impact loads, avoid stress concentration at the connection between the groove structure 330 and the mounting plate segment 340, reduce the risk of structural cracking, and achieve an increasing distance between the connecting plate segments 350 of two adjacent bottom protective plates 30 from the outside to the inside. Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, the distance can be the distance between the two connecting plate segments 350 along the Z direction. This structure not only avoids installation interference between adjacent bottom protective plates 30, but also optimizes stress distribution by setting the recessed groove structure 330 and the arc-shaped connecting plate segment 350 on the bottom protective plate 30, improves the deformation resistance of the bottom of the battery protection box when subjected to external impact, enhances the rigidity of the overall structure, and thus better protects the internal cells and water cooling system from damage, ensuring the safety and reliability of the battery pack. Furthermore, when the outer bottom plate 30 is deformed by impact, the increasing spacing from the outside to the inside provides sufficient space for the deformation of the outer bottom plate, preventing it from quickly squeezing the inner bottom plate due to limited space and reducing the instantaneous transmission of impact energy. If the spacing is uniform or increases from the inside to the outside, the outer bottom plate will quickly contact the inner bottom plate when it deforms. However, through the gradual spacing design, the outer bottom plate has more deformation buffer stroke, gradually dispersing energy. The arc-shaped connecting plate segment itself can disperse stress. In addition, the increasing spacing can further prevent adjacent bottom plates 30 from jamming or locally squeezing each other during impact deformation, reducing the risk of cracking.

[0047] In this embodiment, the bottom protective plate 30 includes a first bottom protective plate 310 and a second bottom protective plate 320. Along the Z direction, the first bottom protective plate 310 is disposed between the water-cooled plate 20 and the second bottom protective plate 320. A first mounting area 50 is formed between the first bottom protective plate 310 and the water-cooled plate 20, and a second mounting area 60 is formed between the first bottom protective plate 310 and the second bottom protective plate 320.

[0048] Along the Z-direction, the bottom protective plate 30 closest to the water-cooling plate 20 is the first bottom protective plate 310. A groove structure 330 formed on the first bottom protective plate 310 is used to place the first buffer member 70. The water-cooling plate 20 covers the groove opening of the groove structure 330 of the first bottom protective plate 310, forming a first mounting area 50. The bottom protective plate 30 located on the side of the first bottom protective plate 310 away from the water-cooling plate 20 is the second bottom protective plate 320. A groove structure 330 formed on the second bottom protective plate 320 is used to place the second buffer member 80. The first bottom protective plate 310 covers the groove opening of the groove structure 330 of the second bottom protective plate 320, forming a second mounting area 60. Both the first bottom protective plate 310 and the second bottom protective plate 320 have mounting plate segments 340 and connecting plate segments 350 to ensure that the mounting plate segments 340 of both the first bottom protective plate 310 and the second bottom protective plate 320 can be connected to the housing frame 10 via the connecting structure 90.

[0049] This application utilizes the structural arrangement of the first bottom protective plate 310 and the second bottom protective plate 320 to form a double-layer protective bottom protective plate 30 structure, which can effectively absorb and disperse the energy brought by the bottom impact, protecting the water-cooled plate 20 and the battery module 40 from direct damage. The formation of the first mounting area 50 and the second mounting area 60 provides space for the installation of the first buffer 70 and the second buffer 80, facilitating the later maintenance and replacement of the first buffer 70 and the second buffer 80. At the same time, the mounting plate segments 340 of the first bottom protective plate 310 and the second bottom protective plate 320 can be connected to the housing frame 10 through the connecting structure 90. The connection points are dispersed and symmetrical, improving the connection stability between the first bottom protective plate 310 and the second bottom protective plate 320 and the housing frame 10, and avoiding loosening or breakage caused by excessive force at a single point.

[0050] In this embodiment, different implementation methods are provided depending on the different assembly structures of the housing frame 10, water-cooled plate 20, first bottom protective plate 310, second bottom protective plate 320, and connecting structure 90.

[0051] In the specific embodiments shown in Figures 9 to 12, the connecting structure 90 includes a detachably connected first connector 910 and a second connector 920. The connecting structure 90 adopts a detachable design, allowing the first bottom protective plate 310 and the second bottom protective plate 320 to be removed separately (only the second connector 920 needs to be removed). Maintenance does not require damaging the overall structure, significantly improving maintenance convenience.

[0052] Specifically, the first connector 910 extends through and is fixed to the water-cooled plate 20 and the housing frame 10 along the Z direction. The first end of the first connector 910 is connected to the housing frame 10 to form a first limiting part. The second end of the first connector 910 is connected to the water-cooled plate 20 and has a second limiting part 911. The water-cooled plate 20 abuts between the second limiting part 911 and the housing frame 10. The first connector 910 is also provided with an installation port 912.

[0053] The first connector 910 achieves a fixed connection between the water-cooled plate 20 and the housing frame 10, and the second limiting part 911 of the first connector 910 is disposed on the side of the water-cooled plate 20 away from the housing frame 10 and abuts against the water-cooled plate 20, thereby clamping and fixing the water-cooled plate 20 between the housing frame 10 and the second limiting part 911 along the Z direction.

[0054] The first limiting part is used to realize the installation of the first connector 910 and the housing frame 10. The structure of the first limiting part can be threaded limiting. That is, the first end of the first connector 910 is connected to the housing frame 10 through thread engagement, realizing the connection between the first connector 910 and the housing frame 10.

[0055] The first connector 910 penetrates the water-cooled plate 20, thereby fixing the water-cooled plate 20 between the second limiting part 911 and the housing frame 10. Specifically, the water-cooled plate 20 is provided with a through hole for the first connector 910 to pass through. The through hole can be a smooth inner wall to facilitate the passage of the first connector 910; or it can be a threaded hole with internal threads for the first connector 910 to pass through and threadedly engage with the first connector 910. Projected along the Z direction, the projection of the through hole onto the second limiting part 911 is located inside the second limiting part 911, and the second limiting part 911 abuts against the outer periphery of the through hole. The second limiting part 911 may include a plate structure, which abuts against the water-cooled plate 20.

[0056] Specifically, the second connecting member 920 penetrates the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom guard plate 310 and the mounting plate segment 340 of the second bottom guard plate 320 along the Z direction. One end of the second connecting member 920 is connected to the mounting port 912 of the first connecting member 910, and the other end of the second connecting member 920 has a third limiting part 921. The mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom guard plate 310 and the mounting plate segment 340 of the second bottom guard plate 320 abut against the second limiting part 911 and the third limiting part 921. The second connecting member 920 simultaneously penetrates the mounting plate segment of the double-layer bottom guard plate and is clamped and fixed by the second limiting part 911 and the third limiting part 921, realizing the synchronous positioning of the first bottom guard plate 310 and the second bottom guard plate 320, making the assembly simpler and the force evenly distributed.

[0057] In this configuration, along the Z-direction, the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom protective plate 310 and the mounting plate segment 340 of the second bottom protective plate 320 are stacked. The first bottom protective plate 310 and the second bottom protective plate 320 have interconnected openings through which a second connecting member 920 passes. The first end of the second connecting member 920 passes through the opening and connects to the mounting port 912 of the first connecting member 910. The third limiting portion 921 of the second connecting member 920 abuts against the side of the second bottom protective plate 320 away from the first bottom protective plate 310. Along the Z-direction, the projection of the opening of the first bottom protective plate 310 onto the second limiting portion 911 is located inside the second limiting portion 911, and the second limiting portion 911 abuts against the outer periphery of the opening. Similarly, along the Z-direction, the projection of the opening of the second bottom protective plate 320 onto the third limiting portion 921 is located inside the third limiting portion 921, and the third limiting portion 921 abuts against the outer periphery of the opening. The third limiting part 921 may include another plate structure, which abuts against the mounting plate segment 340 of the second bottom protective plate 320. In this embodiment, all components are coaxially assembled along the Z direction, and the force transmission path is direct and concentrated, reducing the shear stress generated by lateral forces and improving the fatigue resistance and service life of the connection structure.

[0058] The battery protection box also includes an adhesive component, which is disposed between the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom protective plate 310 and the mounting plate segment 340 of the second bottom protective plate 320 to form an adhesive layer, further improving the integrity between the first bottom protective plate 310 and the second bottom protective plate 320 and ensuring the stability of the installation between the first bottom protective plate 310 and the second bottom protective plate 320.

[0059] Specifically, one end of the second connector 920 is a threaded end, and the mounting port 912 of the first connector 910 is provided with an internal thread. The first connector 910 and the second connector 920 are connected by threads to connect the housing frame 10, the water-cooling plate 20, the first bottom guard plate 310 and the second bottom guard plate 320. The threaded connection method allows for fine adjustment of the installation tightness, which can ensure the connection is firm and also accommodate error compensation during the assembly process.

[0060] In this embodiment, the first connector 910 forms a single mounting unit between the water-cooled plate 20 and the housing frame 10. The first connector 910 is a rivet nut and is non-removable. The first bottom guard plate 310 and the second bottom guard plate 320 are mounted to the mounting unit via the second connector 920. The first bottom guard plate 310 and the second bottom guard plate 320 can be independently assembled and disassembled relative to the water-cooled plate 20 and the housing frame 10 without affecting the stability of the connection between the water-cooled plate 20 and the housing frame 10. The double-layer bottom guard plate 30 structure formed by the first bottom guard plate 310 and the second bottom guard plate 320 can be independently disassembled and assembled relative to the water-cooled plate 20 and the housing frame 10 without affecting the fixed connection between the water-cooled plate 20 and the housing frame 10. When assembling the first bottom guard plate 310 and the second bottom guard plate 320, the mounting plate segments 340 of the first bottom guard plate 310 and the second bottom guard plate 320 are stacked and then installed through the second connector 920, which facilitates the assembly of the first bottom guard plate 310 and the second bottom guard plate 320 and helps to improve assembly efficiency. At the same time, when the first bottom guard plate 310 and the second bottom guard plate 320 are damaged by force, the first bottom guard plate 310 and the second bottom guard plate 320 can be replaced by disassembling the second connector 920, which is convenient.

[0061] In the specific embodiments shown in Figures 3 to 5, the connecting structure 90 includes a detachably connected first connector 910 and a second connector 920. The connecting structure 90 adopts a detachable design, allowing the second bottom protective plate 320 to be removed separately (only the second connector 920 needs to be removed), eliminating the need to damage the overall structure during maintenance and significantly improving repair convenience.

[0062] The first connector 910 passes through the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom guard plate 310, the water-cooling plate 20, and the housing frame 10 along the Z direction. The first end of the first connector 910 is connected to the housing frame 10 to form a first limiting part. The second end of the first connector 910 is connected to the mounting plate segment 340 and has a second limiting part 911. The water-cooling plate 20 and the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom guard plate 310 abut against the second limiting part 911 and the housing frame 10. The first connector 910 is also provided with a mounting opening 912.

[0063] The first connector 910 securely connects the water-cooled plate 20, the first bottom guard plate 310, and the housing frame 10. The water-cooled plate 20 and the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom guard plate 310 are stacked along the Z direction. The second limiting part 911 of the first connector 910 is disposed on the side of the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom guard plate 310 away from the water-cooled plate 20 and abuts against the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom guard plate 310, thereby clamping and fixing the water-cooled plate 20 and the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom guard plate 310 between the housing frame 10 and the second limiting part 911 along the Z direction.

[0064] The first limiting part is used to realize the installation of the first connector 910 and the housing frame 10. The structure of the first limiting part can be threaded limiting. That is, the first end of the first connector 910 is connected to the housing frame 10 through thread engagement, realizing the connection between the first connector 910 and the housing frame 10.

[0065] The first connector 910 penetrates the mounting plate segment 340 of the water-cooled plate 20 and the first bottom protective plate 310, thereby fixing the water-cooled plate 20 and the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom protective plate 310 between the second limiting part 911 and the housing frame 10. Specifically, the water-cooled plate 20 and the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom protective plate 310 are provided with a communicating hole structure for the first connector 910 to pass through. The hole structure can be a smooth inner wall to facilitate the passage of the first connector 910; or it can be a threaded hole with internal threads for the first connector 910 to pass through and threadedly engage with the first connector 910. Projected along the Z direction, the projection of the hole structure onto the second limiting part 911 is located inside the second limiting part 911, and the second limiting part 911 abuts against the outer periphery of the hole structure. The second limiting part 911 may include a plate structure, which abuts against the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom protective plate 310. In this embodiment, all components are coaxially assembled along the Z-direction, resulting in a direct and concentrated force transmission path, which reduces the shear stress generated by lateral forces and improves the fatigue resistance and service life of the connection structure.

[0066] Specifically, the second connector 920 extends through the mounting plate segment 340 of the second bottom guard plate 320 along the Z direction. One end of the second connector 920 is connected to the mounting port 912 of the first connector 910, and the other end of the second connector 920 has a third limiting part 921. The mounting plate segment 340 of the second bottom guard plate 320 abuts between the second limiting part 911 and the third limiting part 921.

[0067] The second bottom protective plate 320 has an opening through which the second connecting member 920 passes. The first end of the second connecting member 920 passes through the opening and connects to the mounting port 912 of the first connecting member 910. The third limiting portion 921 of the second connecting member 920 abuts against the side of the second bottom protective plate 320 away from the first bottom protective plate 310. Along the Z-direction, the projection of the opening of the second bottom protective plate 320 onto the second limiting portion 911 is located inside the second limiting portion 911, and the second limiting portion 911 abuts against the outer periphery of the opening. Along the Z-direction, the projection of the opening of the second bottom protective plate 320 onto the third limiting portion 921 is located inside the third limiting portion 921, and the third limiting portion 921 abuts against the outer periphery of the opening. The third limiting portion 921 may include another plate structure, which abuts against the mounting plate segment 340 of the second bottom protective plate 320.

[0068] Specifically, one end of the second connector 920 is a threaded end, and the mounting port 912 of the first connector 910 is provided with an internal thread. The first connector 910 and the second connector 920 are connected by threads to connect the housing frame 10, the water-cooling plate 20, the first bottom guard plate 310 and the second bottom guard plate 320. The threaded connection method allows for fine adjustment of the installation tightness, which can ensure the connection is firm and also accommodate error compensation during the assembly process.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first connector 910 forms a single mounting unit with the first bottom guard plate 310, the water-cooling plate 20, and the housing frame 10. The first connector 910 is a rivet nut and is non-removable. The second bottom guard plate 320 is independently mounted and detachable from the mounting unit via the second connector 920. The second bottom guard plate 320 can be independently mounted and detached from the water-cooling plate 20, the first bottom guard plate 310, and the housing frame 10 without affecting the stability of the overall mounting connection. Since the second bottom guard plate 320 is directly exposed to external impacts, it is easily damaged. The independently mounted second anti-slip plate facilitates replacement and maintenance, improving ease of use.

[0070] In this embodiment, the battery protection box further includes a first sealing gasket, a second sealing gasket, and a third sealing element to increase the sealing performance of the structure. Specifically, the first sealing gasket, along the Z-direction, is disposed between the mounting plate segment 340 of the first bottom protective plate 310 and the mounting plate segment 340 of the second bottom protective plate 320. The second sealing gasket, along the Z-direction, is disposed between the third limiting portion 921 and the second bottom protective plate 320. The third sealing gasket, along the Z-direction, is disposed on the surface of the second limiting portion 911 on the side away from the third limiting portion.

[0071] In an embodiment not shown, the first buffer 70 and the second buffer 80 have the same structure, both being elastic plate-like structures.

[0072] The first buffer 70 and the second buffer 80 are respectively filled in the first mounting area 50 and the second mounting area 60.

[0073] Specifically, the first buffer 70 and the second buffer 80 can be foam, rubber pads, or honeycomb energy-absorbing panels, which ensure a safe gap between the bottom protective plate 30 and the buffer while also providing a buffer energy absorption area. The foam can be MPP foam or PUR foam.

[0074] This application employs a first buffer 70 and a second buffer 80 with identical structures to ensure the uniformity of material properties in the buffer areas. This allows the first mounting area 50 and the second mounting area 60 to provide consistent buffering effects when subjected to impacts or vibrations, effectively dispersing and absorbing impact energy and reducing direct impact on the battery cells and liquid cooling system inside the battery protection box. The elastic plate-like structure deforms under stress, achieving a gentle transition and energy conversion of the impact force through material compression and elastic rebound, avoiding damage to the internal structure from instantaneous high pressure. Furthermore, the identical structure of the buffer components facilitates production and maintenance, simplifies the manufacturing process, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0075] In the embodiments shown in Figures 3 to 8, the structures of the first buffer 70 and the second buffer 80 are different.

[0076] The first buffer element 70 is a plate-like structure, and multiple second buffer elements 80 are provided, spaced apart along the length and / or width of the housing frame 10. The second buffer elements 80 have an independent dot matrix layout, and can be replaced individually if a single one is damaged, without the need for overall disassembly, thus reducing maintenance costs.

[0077] The first buffer 70 adopts a plate-like structure to achieve a gentle transition and energy conversion of impact force, avoiding damage to the internal structure from instantaneous high pressure. Multiple second buffers 80 are independently configured, forming multiple independent buffer zones. This not only enhances the rigidity of the overall structure but also ensures good buffering effect when encountering external forces of different directions and magnitudes, enabling the battery protection box to exhibit superior impact resistance.

[0078] Multiple second buffers 80 may be spaced along the length of the housing frame 10, i.e., in the X direction as shown in the figure; multiple second buffers 80 may also be spaced along the width of the housing frame 10, i.e., in the Y direction as shown in the figure; multiple second buffers 80 may also be spaced along the length and width of the housing frame 10, i.e., in the X and Y directions as shown in the figure.

[0079] Specifically, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the second buffer 80 includes an elastic element 810 and a buffer block 820. Along the Z direction, the opposite sides of the elastic element 810 abut against the two bottom guard plates 30 respectively, and along the Z direction, the opposite sides of the buffer block 820 abut against the two bottom guard plates 30 respectively.

[0080] The elastic element 810 and the buffer block 820 can be configured such that the elastic element 810 has an installation channel arranged along the Z direction, and the buffer block 820 is disposed within the installation channel of the elastic element 810; or the buffer block 820 can have an annular channel arranged along the Z direction, and the elastic element 810 is disposed within the annular channel of the buffer block 820.

[0081] In this embodiment, the elastic element 810 is a spring. Both ends of the spring are ground flat along the Z-direction, with one end welded to the second bottom guard plate 320 and the other end in contact with the first bottom guard plate 310. When subjected to external impact or bump, the second bottom guard plate 320 deforms and intrudes, causing the spring to be compressed, thus generating a rebound force that can offset or weaken the impact force caused by the impact or bump. The material and spring constant of the spring can be adjusted through material selection and processing technology to adapt to different bottom impact capability requirements, ensuring energy absorption adjustment within a wide range of impact forces. The buffer block 820 is foam, providing primary cushioning. Its density is 80 kg / m³, its original height is 6.6 mm, and its compression is 20-35%. The dual cushioning design of the spring and foam can share peak loads, reduce the stress on a single component, and extend the service life of the entire cushioning system.

[0082] Specifically, the buffer block 820 has a cylindrical structure, and multiple cylindrical buffer blocks 820 form a lattice structure. Compared to the continuous strip structure in the prior art, the buffer block 820 of this application can improve the compression rebound stroke. The circular shape has free surfaces on all four sides, and the compressibility in the thickness direction is equal to 8%–12% of the diameter, compared to the rectangular strips in the prior art, which are limited by the side walls and typically only 3%–5%. When installed with the same 0.5mm interference fit, the cylindrical structure still maintains elasticity, while the elongated shape in the prior art loses its buffering function. Furthermore, the cylindrical buffer block 820 has a small single-point contact area, low peak pressure, and faster stress relaxation, making it less prone to plastic indentations; the rectangular buffer structure in the prior art has a large contact area, leading to the inability to release local stress and making it prone to indentations. The cylindrical buffer block 820 has a better buffering effect due to its free curvature and small contact patch.

[0083] In this embodiment, the second buffer 80 integrates an elastic element 810 and a buffer block 820, which abut against the two bottom protective plates 30 along the Z direction, forming a dual buffering mechanism. Specifically, the elastic element 810 has an installation channel in which the buffer block 820 is embedded, or the buffer block 820 has an annular channel in which the elastic element 810 is placed. When the bottom protective plate 30 is impacted by external forces, the buffer block 820 first absorbs energy and undergoes initial deformation. The elastic element 810 has high rigidity and then further compresses and deforms, achieving secondary buffering and significantly enhancing the overall structure's ability to resist impacts. Through this composite buffering design, not only can the impact force be effectively dispersed and mitigated to protect internal components from damage, but it can also buffer external forces in different directions, achieving high-performance protection within a limited space. Furthermore, the combined use of the elastic element 810 and the buffer block 820 allows for adjustment of specific parameters, such as the material of the elastic element 810 and the shape of the buffer block 820, according to different application environments to adapt to different impact intensities and frequencies, ensuring the stability and reliability of the battery protection box.

[0084] In this embodiment, the battery protection box further includes a fourth sealing gasket and a fifth sealing gasket to increase the sealing performance of the structure. At least a portion of the fourth sealing gasket along the Z direction is disposed between the water-cooling plate 20 and the box frame 10; at least a portion of the fifth sealing gasket is disposed between the water-cooling plate 20 and the mounting plate segment 340 of the bottom protective plate 30 adjacent to the water-cooling plate 20.

[0085] When the battery protection box is assembled, the box frame 10 is first arranged as the load-bearing structure, and then the water-cooling plate 20 is installed on one side of the box frame 10, facing the battery module 40 to provide cooling. At least two bottom guard plates 30 are stacked along the Z direction on the bottom of the water-cooling plate 20, wherein the bottom guard plate 30 closest to the water-cooling plate 20 forms a first mounting area 50, while the bottom guard plates 30 adjacent to each other form a second mounting area 60. A first buffer 70 is placed in the first mounting area 50 to make contact with the water-cooling plate 20 and the bottom guard plates 30, and a second buffer 80 is placed in the second mounting area 60 to abut against the adjacent bottom guard plates 30. Once the battery protection box suffers a bottom impact, the second bottom guard plate 320 takes effect first, absorbing the impact energy by deformation, and then the second buffer 80 absorbs the remaining energy by compression. If the impact energy increases further, the first buffer 70 will act between the adjacent bottom guard plates 30 to provide additional cushioning and protect the battery module 40 and the water-cooling system from damage.

[0086] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this embodiment also provides a battery pack, which includes a battery module 40 and the aforementioned battery protection box, with the battery module 40 disposed inside the battery protection box.

[0087] In this embodiment, the battery protection box constructs a complete protection system through the box frame 10, the water-cooling plate 20, and at least two stacked bottom protective plates 30. When faced with external bumps or impacts, the water-cooling plate 20, the two bottom protective plates 30, the first buffer 70, and the second buffer 80 work together to significantly enhance the overall protective effect, ensuring the safe operation of the battery module 40. Specifically, the double-layer bottom protective plate 30 structure avoids direct impact damage to the water-cooling plate 20 and the battery module 40, protecting the battery module 40 from injury. This double-layer protection design not only improves the durability and reliability of the battery pack, but also significantly reduces maintenance time and costs due to the quick-replaceability of the bottom protective plates 30, improving the convenience and economy of the battery pack in practical applications.

[0088] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0089] The battery protection box of this application effectively protects the battery module 40 by setting at least two bottom protective plates 30, forming a first mounting area 50 and a second mounting area 60 between the battery protection box and the water-cooling plate 20 and the adjacent bottom protective plate 30, respectively. A first buffer 70 and a second buffer 80 are set within the first mounting area 50 and the second mounting area 60. Based on the double-layer bottom protective plate 30 structure, when the bottom of the battery protection box is subjected to external impact, the double-layer bottom protective plates 30 absorb the impact energy through their own deformation, and the two buffers further absorb the impact energy through compression, thereby preventing direct damage to the battery cell and the water-cooling plate 20, ensuring the safety of the battery cell, and preventing fire or explosion accidents. The structural design of this application not only strengthens the bottom structure of the entire battery protection box but also provides additional cushioning under higher intensity impacts, ensuring the safety of the liquid cooling system and significantly improving the protective performance of the bottom of the battery protection box against different impacts.

[0090] Obviously, the embodiments described above are merely some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0091] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0092] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0093] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery protection box for installing a battery module (40), characterized in that, include: A housing frame (10); a water-cooled plate (20) disposed on one side of the housing frame (10) along the Z direction to cool the battery module (40), wherein the Z direction is the height direction of the housing frame (10); at least two bottom guard plates (30) are stacked on the side of the water-cooled plate (20) away from the battery module (40) along the Z direction, wherein a bottom guard plate (30) closer to the water-cooled plate (20) forms a first mounting area (50) with the water-cooled plate (20), and a second mounting area (60) is formed between two adjacent bottom guard plates (30); a first buffer (70) disposed in the first mounting area (50) and abuts against the water-cooled plate (20) and the bottom guard plate (30); a second buffer (80) disposed in the second mounting area (60) and abuts against two adjacent bottom guard plates (30).

2. The battery protection box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery protection box also includes a connecting structure (90), the bottom guard plate (30) has mounting plate segments (340), and at least two mounting plate segments (340) of the bottom guard plate (30) and the water cooling plate (20) are detachably mounted to the box frame (10) through the connecting structure (90).

3. The battery protection box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom guard plate (30) has a groove structure (330) recessed on one side of the water-cooled plate (20) along the Z direction. The groove structure (330) is used to accommodate the first buffer (70) or the second buffer (80). The plate segment at the outer periphery of the groove opening of the groove structure (330) forms the mounting plate segment (340). A connecting plate segment (350) is arc-shaped between the bottom wall of the groove structure (330) and the mounting plate segment (340). The distance between the connecting plate segments (350) of two adjacent bottom guard plates (30) increases from the outside to the inside.

4. The battery protection box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom guard plate (30) includes a first bottom guard plate (310) and a second bottom guard plate (320). Along the Z direction, the first bottom guard plate (310) is disposed between the water-cooled plate (20) and the second bottom guard plate (320). A first mounting area (50) is formed between the first bottom guard plate (310) and the water-cooled plate (20), and a second mounting area (60) is formed between the first bottom guard plate (310) and the second bottom guard plate (320).

5. The battery protection box according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connection structure (90) includes: a first connector (910) that passes through and is fixed to the water-cooled plate (20) and the housing frame (10) along the Z direction; a first end of the first connector (910) is connected to the housing frame (10) to form a first limiting part; a second end of the first connector (910) is connected to the water-cooled plate (20) and has a second limiting part (911); the water-cooled plate (20) abuts against the second limiting part (911) and the housing frame (10); the first connector (910) is also provided with an installation port (912); a second connector ( 920), a mounting plate segment (340) passing through the first bottom guard plate (310) and the mounting plate segment (340) of the second bottom guard plate (320) along the Z direction, one end of the second connector (920) is connected to the mounting port (912) of the first connector (910), and the other end of the second connector (920) has a third limiting part (921), and the mounting plate segment (340) of the first bottom guard plate (310) and the mounting plate segment (340) of the second bottom guard plate (320) abut between the second limiting part (911) and the third limiting part (921).

6. The battery protection box according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connection structure (90) includes: a first connector (910), a mounting plate segment (340) extending through the first bottom protective plate (310) along the Z direction, the water-cooled plate (20), and the housing frame (10). A first end of the first connector (910) is connected to the housing frame (10) to form a first limiting portion. A second end of the first connector (910) is connected to the mounting plate segment (340) of the first bottom protective plate (310) and has a second limiting portion (911). The water-cooled plate (20) and the mounting plate segment (340) of the first bottom protective plate (310) abut against the second limiting portion. Between the positioning part (911) and the box frame (10), the first connector (910) is also provided with an installation port (912); the second connector (920) extends through the mounting plate segment (340) of the second bottom guard plate (320) along the Z direction, one end of the second connector (920) is connected to the mounting port (912) of the first connector (910), and the other end of the second connector (920) has a third limiting part (921), and the mounting plate segment (340) of the second bottom guard plate (320) abuts between the second limiting part (911) and the third limiting part (921).

7. The battery protection box according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first buffer (70) and the second buffer (80) have the same structure. Both are elastic plate-like structures, and the first buffer (70) and the second buffer (80) are respectively filled in the first mounting area (50) and the second mounting area (60).

8. The battery protection box according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first buffer (70) and the second buffer (80) have different structures; the first buffer (70) is a plate-shaped structure, and multiple second buffers (80) are provided, with multiple second buffers (80) spaced apart along the length and / or width of the box frame (10).

9. The battery protection box according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second buffer (80) includes: an elastic member (810) along the Z direction, with its opposite sides abutting against the two bottom guard plates (30); a buffer block (820) along the Z direction, with its opposite sides abutting against the two bottom guard plates (30); the elastic member (810) has an installation channel along the Z direction, and the buffer block (820) is disposed within the installation channel of the elastic member (810); or the buffer block (820) has an annular channel along the Z direction, and the elastic member (810) is disposed within the annular channel of the buffer block (820).

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack includes a battery module (40) and a battery protective case as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the battery module (40) is disposed inside the battery protective case.

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