Bird damage monitoring system based on LoRa and communication method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a LoRa-based bird damage monitoring system and a communication method thereof, the monitoring system is provided with LoRa modules on a work station and a bird damage prevention device respectively, and remote communication between the work station and the bird damage prevention device is realized by using a LoRa wireless communication technology; the bird damage prevention device is provided with a main control board, a bird damage prevention device LoRa module, a radar module, a GPS module and one or more bird repelling modules. When the set daily data reporting time is reached, the bird damage prevention device sends the data stored in the last day and the real-time time to the main control board; and the work station inputs and generates a data frame instruction based on the received operation instruction, and issues the data frame instruction to the bird damage prevention device through the LoRa module. Compared with the prior art, the requirements of the device for remote communication and remote control of bird repelling equipment are met, and the information interaction efficiency between the bird damage prevention device and the work station is remarkably improved.

Description

A LoRa-based bird damage monitoring system and its communication method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bird damage monitoring and control technology, and in particular to a LoRa-based bird damage monitoring system and its communication method. Background Technology

[0002] Overhead power transmission lines are often built high up, easily attracting flocks of birds to roost and perch on them. Consequently, bird-induced line faults frequently occur near overhead power lines, seriously affecting the safe and stable operation of the power grid and impacting industrial production and residents' lives. Birds also leave droppings near electrical equipment; bird droppings are conductive and corrosive, affecting the insulation performance of the equipment and, over time, corroding its metal materials and shortening its lifespan. Therefore, bird-proofing devices are widely used in power systems. These devices not only reduce line faults caused by bird activity but also reduce bird casualties, protecting the ecosystem.

[0003] Currently, bird control devices often lack wireless communication technology, which has several drawbacks: when the device malfunctions due to power outages or damage, it cannot provide feedback to the user, forcing manual inspections to detect the failure, increasing labor costs, delaying fault detection, and increasing the possibility of bird-related accidents affecting the power system; the lack of remote control functionality prevents adjustments to the bird control equipment, limiting operation to a fixed mode, increasing energy consumption, and frequent battery replacements raise maintenance costs; and the inability to warn of bird-induced malfunctions prolongs downtime and increases economic losses.

[0004] Therefore, equipping bird control devices with wireless communication devices has become an inevitable choice. However, existing technologies face the following technical challenges: the real-time communication requirements of bird control devices; the wide distribution of power transmission lines, which necessitates certain communication distances for bird control devices to facilitate unified management; and the inability of wired communication solutions to meet these requirements, necessitating a reliable wireless communication solution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in current bird-prevention devices for power systems and to provide a LoRa-based bird-prevention monitoring system and its communication method.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: As a first aspect of this invention, a LoRa-based bird damage monitoring system is provided. The system is equipped with LoRa modules on both a workstation and a bird damage prevention device, and uses LoRa wireless communication technology to achieve remote communication between the two. The bird damage prevention device includes a main control board, a bird damage prevention device LoRa module, a radar module, a GPS module, and one or more bird deterrent modules. When the set daily data reporting time is reached, the bird damage prevention device sends the data stored in the previous day and the real-time time to the main control board. The workstation generates a data frame instruction based on the received operation instructions and sends it to the bird damage prevention device through the LoRa module.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the radar module and GPS module are used to collect and store the number of birds detected per unit time, the types and times of birds detected per unit time, device ID, longitude, and latitude information.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the bird protection device further includes an RS232-TTL conversion module: when the main control board receives signal data uploaded by the radar module and GPS module, it converts the signal data into RS232 level through the RS232-TTL conversion module, and then the LoRa module on the main control board of the bird protection device receives and transmits the data to the workstation; when the data frame command sent by the workstation is transmitted to the LoRa module of the bird protection device, the data frame command signal is converted into TTL level through the RS232-TTL conversion module, and then received and processed through the serial port of the main control board; according to the different data frame commands received, the bird protection device performs corresponding operations.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the bird deterrent module includes an ultrasonic module and a strobe module.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the data frame instruction includes functions for modifying the ultrasonic frequency, controlling the ultrasonic switch, controlling the strobe switch, and retransmitting data.

[0011] As a second aspect of the present invention, a communication method for a LoRa-based bird damage monitoring system as described above is provided, characterized in that the data reporting steps are as follows: the radar module and GPS module collect and store the number of birds detected per unit time, the species and time of bird detection per unit time, device ID, longitude, and latitude information; when the daily data reporting time set by the device arrives, the system sends the data stored from the previous day and the real-time time to the main control board; after receiving the data, the main control board converts the signal to RS232 level through the RS232-TTL conversion module, and then the LoRa module on the main control board receives and prepares to transmit the data to the workstation; the LoRa module in the bird damage prevention device... The LoRa module transmits the stored data from the previous day to the LoRa module on the workstation via wireless communication technology, thus completing the daily data reporting. The command issuance steps are as follows: The workstation generates data frame commands based on the operation commands received on the LoRa module's operation interface. The data frames mainly include functions for modifying the ultrasonic frequency, controlling the ultrasonic switch, controlling the strobe switch, and data retransmission. The data frame commands are transmitted to the LoRa module of the bird protection device via wireless communication. The signal is converted to TTL level by the RS232-TTL conversion module and then received through the serial port of the main control board. The bird protection device performs corresponding operations according to the different data frame commands received.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the LoRa module uses data packets based on transparent transmission mode for data transmission.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the data packet structure includes: a message header, a message sequence number, service data, a checksum, and a message tail. The service data includes the device ID, service type, service options, and values. The service type includes operating the bird-damaging device or modifying the parameters of the bird-damaging device, as well as message retransmission. The service options include modifying the ultrasonic frequency, controlling the strobe, and controlling the ultrasonic waves.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, for data retransmission commands, the workstation sends data structures in the following order: message header, device ID, MSG, checksum, and message tail; MSG indicates message retransmission. For ultrasonic frequency modification commands, the workstation sends data structures in the following order: message header, device ID, CMD, FREQ, f, checksum, and message tail; CMD indicates operation of the bird-damaging device or modification of its parameters, FREQ indicates modification of the ultrasonic frequency, and f indicates frequency adjustment. For ultrasonic switch control commands, the workstation sends data structures in the following order: message header, device ID, CMD, US, 0 / 1, checksum, and message tail; US indicates ultrasonic control, 0 indicates off, and 1 indicates on. For strobe switch control commands, the workstation sends data structures in the following order: message header, device ID, CMD, FL, 0 / 1, checksum, and message tail; FL indicates strobe control, 0 indicates off, and 1 indicates on.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the verification code adopts the CRC verification code. If the receiver verifies that the data is lost or damaged during transmission, it requests that the data be retransmitted.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) The present invention realizes long-distance communication, which meets the user's requirements in the bird control scenario to obtain the number of times, types, locations, times and device ID information of birds detected per unit time and to remotely control bird-repelling equipment, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0017] 2) This invention utilizes remote information acquisition and bird control: The radar module, combined with the GPS module, can store information such as the number and species of birds detected, device location, time, and device ID, and reports this data to the workstation daily via the LoRa module. Based on the daily bird damage situation, the workstation uses the LoRa module to send corresponding control commands to remotely adjust the working status of the bird control device. These commands can control the on / off state and frequency of the ultrasonic module, as well as the strobe switch, ensuring precise adjustment and efficient operation of the bird control equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a LoRa-based bird damage monitoring system and its communication method. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0020] Example 1: This invention first proposes a LoRa bird damage monitoring system. LoRa modules are equipped on both the workstation and the bird damage prevention device, enabling remote communication between them using LoRa wireless communication technology. The LoRa module serves as the primary communication tool, transmitting control commands from the workstation to the bird damage prevention device via wireless signal transmission. It can also transmit bird monitoring information (such as GPS and radar data) obtained from the bird damage prevention device back to the workstation. To ensure compatibility with different signal formats, the LoRa module and the main control board use an RS232-TTL conversion module for signal conversion.

[0021] The advantages of this system are that LoRa wireless communication features wide coverage, strong anti-interference capabilities, and high reliability, enabling stable data transmission over a range of several kilometers. Furthermore, the low power consumption of LoRa modules significantly improves the device's battery life, reduces battery replacement frequency, and lowers maintenance costs. This invention solves the problem of limited communication distance in existing devices, significantly improves the information exchange efficiency between the bird-prevention device and the workstation, and has broad application prospects.

[0022] Example 2, as another embodiment of the present invention, also provides a communication method for the bird damage monitoring system as described in Example 1 above, as shown in Figure 1, including the following implementation steps: Data reporting function implementation: First, the radar module and GPS module collect and store the number of birds detected per unit time, their species, time, device ID, longitude, and latitude information. Then, when the daily data reporting time set by the device arrives, the system sends the data stored from the previous day along with the real-time time to the main control board. The main control board converts the signal level to RS232 signal level through an RS232-TTL conversion module, and then the LoRa module on the main control board receives and prepares for transmission. Finally, the LoRa module in the bird damage prevention device transmits the stored data from the previous day to the LoRa module of the workstation via wireless communication technology, completing the daily data reporting.

[0023] Command issuance function implementation: First, the workstation inputs operation commands through the LoRa module's operating interface and modifies them into data frames. These data frames mainly include functions such as modifying the ultrasonic frequency, controlling the ultrasonic switch, controlling the strobe switch, and data retransmission. Then, via wireless communication technology, the data frame commands are transmitted to the LoRa module of the bird-prevention device. After the RS232-TTL conversion module converts the signal to TTL level, it is received and processed by the main control board's serial port. Finally, based on the different data frame commands received, the bird-prevention device executes the corresponding operation.

[0024] An RS232-TTL converter module can convert between TTL and RS232 signals. TTL signals are single-ended, with 0V representing logic 0 and +5V (or 3.3V) representing logic 1; RS232 signals are differential, with -15V to -3V representing logic 1 and +3V to +15V representing logic 0. Since the two signals have completely opposite level ranges and logic polarities, they cannot be directly connected; therefore, an RS232-TTL converter module is used for signal conversion.

[0025] As shown in Table 1, the content of the service transmission includes data transmission time, device ID, latitude and longitude location, number of birds detected per unit time, bird species detected per unit time and time information. From this information, we can know the degree of bird damage distribution in a region.

[0026] Table 1. Confirmed transmission content of the LoRa module The LoRa module adopts a transparent transmission mode to realize one-to-one or one-to-many transparent data transmission mode for LoRa devices. This mode has no special requirements for data transmission format. The data input by the serial port of the transmitting device will be sent to the receiving device as is and received by the serial port of the receiving device. The parameter configuration of the LoRa module in transparent transmission mode is as follows: (1) Set both the transmitting device and the receiving device to transparent data transmission mode.

[0027] (2) Set the air transmission rate and rate optimization to be the same.

[0028] (3) Set the transmission frequency of the LoRa device in the bird protection device to be the same as the reception frequency of the LoRa device in the workstation, and set the transmission frequency of the LoRa device in the workstation to be the same as the reception frequency of the LoRa device in the bird protection device.

[0029] (4) The channel reception filtering settings are the same.

[0030] Table 2 shows the definitions of data transmission content and transparent message frames for the LoRa module.

[0031] Table 2. Definitions and transmission content examples of transparent message frames for LoRa modules. Table 3 shows the definition of the data frame received by the LoRa module's command module. Table 4 shows examples of operations related to the command interface.

[0032] Table 3. Definitions and transmission content examples of transparent message frames for LoRa modules. Table 4 Examples of LoRa module command interfaces and their meanings In a data retransmission example, the workstation sends the data "BDS, BD01, MSG, (empty), (empty), 63465 (checksum), BDE". MSG indicates message retransmission. The receiving end receives the instruction and retransmits the backup data twice. The bird protection device receives the retransmission instruction and retransmits the data.

[0033] In a frequency modification example, the workstation sends the data "BDS, BD01, CMD, FREQ, 45, 53217 (checksum), BDE". CMD indicates that the bird control device needs to be operated or its parameters modified. FREQ indicates that the ultrasonic frequency needs to be modified, and 45 indicates that the frequency needs to be adjusted to 45kHz. The bird control device receives the modification command and adjusts the frequency to 45kHz, completing the frequency adjustment.

[0034] Example of a strobe switch: When the workstation sends the data "BDS, BD01, CMD, FL, 0, 46471 (checksum), BDE", CMD indicates that the bird protection device needs to be operated or its parameters modified. FL indicates that the strobe should be controlled, and 0 indicates that the strobe should be turned off. The bird protection device will stop the strobe after receiving the modification command. When the workstation sends the data BDS, BD01, CMD, FL, 1, 42406, BDE, 1 indicates that the strobe should be turned on, and the bird protection device will restart the strobe after receiving the data.

[0035] In an example of an ultrasonic switch, the workstation sends the data "BDS, BD01, CMD, US, 0, 23214 (checksum), BDE". CMD indicates operation of the bird-proof device or modification of its parameters, US indicates control of the ultrasonic waves, and 0 indicates shutdown. Upon receiving the data, the bird-proof device shuts down the ultrasonic module. Conversely, when the workstation sends the data BDS, BD01, CMD, US, 1, 19087, BDE, a value of 1 indicates activation of the ultrasonic waves, and the bird-proof device activates the ultrasonic module upon receiving this data.

[0036] The LoRa module employs a data packet transmission method based on transparent transmission mode. This data packet format has the following advantages: the data packets use spread spectrum modulation technology, supporting long-distance transmission and maintaining signal stability in complex environments, with a transmission distance reaching several kilometers; simultaneously, the LoRa module enters a sleep state after rapidly sending and receiving data packets, greatly reducing device power consumption and ensuring long-term stable operation of the system. In the design of the data packets, this invention adopts a custom data packet structure, including a message header, message trailer, checksum, sequence number, and service data. The flexibility of the data packet structure allows the system to adjust the data content format according to actual needs, possessing good scalability and compatibility. In particular, the checksum design, by adding a CRC checksum to the data packet, effectively verifies errors during data transmission. The CRC checksum ensures that the receiver verifies whether data has been lost or damaged during transmission. Once an error is detected, the system automatically requests a retransmission, ensuring the accuracy and stability of data transmission, improving the system's anti-interference capability and data transmission reliability.

[0037] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A LoRa-based bird damage monitoring system, characterized in that, The measurement system is equipped with LoRa modules on both the workstation and the bird prevention device, enabling remote communication between them using LoRa wireless communication technology. The bird prevention device includes a main control board, a LoRa module, a radar module, a GPS module, and one or more bird deterrent modules. When the set daily data reporting time is reached, the bird prevention device sends the data stored from the previous day and the real-time time to the main control board. The workstation generates data frame instructions based on the received operation commands and sends them to the bird prevention device via the LoRa module.

2. The LoRa-based bird damage monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radar module and GPS module are used to collect and store the number of birds detected per unit time, the types and times of birds detected per unit time, device ID, longitude, and latitude information.

3. The LoRa-based bird damage monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bird protection device also includes an RS232-TTL conversion module: when the main control board receives signal data uploaded by the radar module and GPS module, it converts the signal data into RS232 level through the RS232-TTL conversion module, and then the LoRa module on the main control board of the bird protection device receives and transmits the data to the workstation; when the workstation sends a data frame command to the LoRa module of the bird protection device, the RS232-TTL conversion module converts the data frame command signal into TTL level, and then the main control board receives and processes it through the serial port; according to the different data frame commands received, the bird protection device performs corresponding operations.

4. The LoRa-based bird damage monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bird deterrent module includes an ultrasonic module and a strobe module.

5. A LoRa-based bird damage monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The data frame instructions include functions for modifying the ultrasonic frequency, controlling the ultrasonic switch, controlling the strobe switch, and retransmitting data.

6. A communication method for a LoRa-based bird damage monitoring system as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The data reporting steps are as follows: The radar and GPS modules collect and store the number of birds detected per unit time, the types and times of birds detected per unit time, device ID, longitude, and latitude information; when the daily data reporting time set by the device arrives, the system sends the data stored from the previous day and the real-time time to the main control board; after receiving the data, the main control board converts the signal to RS232 level through the RS232-TTL conversion module, and then the LoRa module on the main control board receives and prepares to transmit the data to the workstation; the LoRa module in the bird protection device transmits the stored data from the previous day through wireless communication technology. The data is transmitted to the LoRa module on the workstation to complete the daily data reporting. The command issuance steps are as follows: The workstation generates data frame commands based on the operation commands received on the LoRa module's operation interface. The data frames mainly include functions for modifying the ultrasonic frequency, controlling the ultrasonic switch, controlling the strobe switch, and retransmitting data. The data frame commands are transmitted wirelessly to the LoRa module of the bird protection device. The signal is converted to TTL level by the RS232-TTL conversion module and then received through the serial port of the main control board. The bird protection device performs corresponding operations according to the different data frame commands received.

7. The communication method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The LoRa module uses data packets based on a transparent transmission mode for data transmission.

8. The communication method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The data packet structure includes: message header, message sequence number, service data, checksum, and message tail. The service data includes device ID, service type, service options, and values. The service type includes operating the bird-damaging device or modifying the parameters of the bird-damaging device, as well as message retransmission. The service options include modifying the ultrasonic frequency, controlling the strobe, and controlling the ultrasonic waves.

9. The communication method according to claim 8, characterized in that, For data retransmission commands, the workstation sends the following data structure in sequence: message header, device ID, MSG, checksum, and message tail; MSG indicates message retransmission. For ultrasonic frequency modification commands, the workstation sends the following data structure in sequence: message header, device ID, CMD, FREQ, f, checksum, and message tail; CMD indicates operation of the bird-damaging device or modification of its parameters, FREQ indicates modification of the ultrasonic frequency, and f indicates frequency adjustment. For ultrasonic switch control commands, the workstation sends the following data structure in sequence: message header, device ID, CMD, US, 0 / 1, checksum, and message tail; US indicates ultrasonic control, 0 indicates off, and 1 indicates on. For strobe switch control commands, the workstation sends the following data structure in sequence: message header, device ID, CMD, FL, 0 / 1, checksum, and message tail; FL indicates strobe control, 0 indicates off, and 1 indicates on.

10. The communication method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The verification code uses a CRC checksum. If the receiver verifies that the data was lost or damaged during transmission, it requests that the data be retransmitted.

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