Novel anti-impact screw drill universal shaft and screw drill

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of roller bits, and particularly relates to a novel anti-impact screw drill cardan shaft and a screw drill, the novel anti-impact screw drill cardan shaft comprises a drill bit body, a plurality of blades arranged on the drill bit body and composite sheets arranged on the blades, the plurality of blades comprise at least one short blade, at least one short blade and at least one short blade, the composite sheets on the short blades are arranged in an inverted spiral structure; and at least one long blade, wherein the composite sheets on the long blade are arranged in a non-helical structure. The composite sheets on the short blades are arranged to be of an inverted spiral structure, so that cutting teeth on the periphery of the drill bit make contact with rocks preferentially, the islanding effect is formed in the center to release the internal stress of the rocks, the rocks are easier to break, and the mechanical drilling speed is increased by 2-3 times.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of roller cone drill bit technology, specifically relating to a novel anti-impact screw drill universal joint and screw drill bit. Background Technology

[0002] In oil and gas drilling operations, screw drills, as downhole power tools, are widely used in the drilling processes of directional wells, horizontal wells, and extended reach wells. Their main function is to convert the pressure energy of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy, driving the drill bit to rotate and break the rock. The universal joint, as one of the key transmission components of the screw drill, plays a crucial role in converting the planetary motion of the motor into the fixed-axis motion of the drive shaft, and transmitting torque and speed.

[0003] Traditional screw drill universal joints come in various structural forms, with early models often employing a petal-shaped universal joint. This structure operates under mud lubrication conditions, relying on point-to-line contact between the auger and the connecting rod to transmit torque and rotational speed. However, because mud contains a large number of solid particles with strong erosive properties, long-term use easily leads to accelerated wear on the petal contact surfaces, increased clearance, decreased transmission efficiency, and even failure, severely impacting the overall service life of the screw drill.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, ball-and-pin type sealed universal joints were subsequently developed. This structure connects the hinge and connecting rod through multiple balls, forming line-to-line contact, which provides a certain degree of wear resistance and load-bearing capacity. However, in practical applications, especially in deep wells, high-displacement, and high-pressure drilling conditions, the high mud flow rate and impact force often cause the universal joint's rubber sleeve to break due to direct erosion by the mud, leading to seal failure, mud entering the transmission parts, accelerating wear, and ultimately causing the universal joint to lose its function.

[0005] In summary, the existing universal joints of screw drill tools still have significant shortcomings in dealing with high-velocity mud erosion, improving sealing reliability, and extending service life. There is an urgent need to optimize and improve the universal joint structure to enhance its ability to adapt to complex drilling conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel anti-impact screw drill universal joint and screw drill to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a novel anti-impact screw drill universal joint, comprising... The components include: a flexible hinge, a first extended locking sleeve, a new universal joint connecting rod, a second extended locking sleeve, a new universal integrated water cap, a ball seat, a ball cap, a pressure ring, and a rubber sleeve. in, The first extended locking sleeve is fitted and fixed to the outside of one end of the movable hinge; The upper end of the new universal joint connecting rod is movably connected to the lower end of the movable hinge, and the first extended locking sleeve is sleeved outside the connection between the movable hinge and the new universal joint connecting rod. The second extended locking sleeve is fitted and fixed to the lower end of the new universal joint connecting rod; The upper end of the new universal integrated water cap is movably connected to the lower end of the new universal shaft connecting rod, and the second extended locking sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the connection between the new universal shaft connecting rod and the new universal integrated water cap. The ball seat is located below the new type of universal integrated water cap and is connected to the lower end of the new type of universal integrated water cap; The ball cap is fitted over the outside of the ball seat; The pressure ring is sleeved on the outside of the ball cap and is fixedly connected to the ball seat; The rubber sleeve is fitted over the outside of the new universal joint connecting rod, with its upper end sealed to the lower end of the first extended locking sleeve and its lower end sealed to the upper end of the second extended locking sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the lower end of the first extended locking sleeve extends downward to cover the outer side of the upper end of the rubber sleeve, and the upper end of the second extended locking sleeve extends upward to cover the outer side of the lower end of the rubber sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the upper end and / or lower end of the novel universal joint connecting rod are provided with a flow guiding slope, which is used to change the direction of the flowing mud so that it deviates from the outer surface of the rubber sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the lower end of the novel universal integrated water cap is sealed to the upper end of the ball seat to prevent mud from entering the interior of the ball seat.

[0011] Preferably, a sealing space is formed between the inner wall of the ball cap and the outer wall of the ball seat, and the pressure ring presses and fixes the ball cap onto the ball seat.

[0012] Preferably, the first extended locking sleeve and the movable hinge, and the second extended locking sleeve and the new universal joint connecting rod are both threaded or welded.

[0013] Preferably, both ends of the rubber sleeve are sealed to the first extended locking sleeve and the second extended locking sleeve respectively via sealing rings.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a screw drill bit, including the novel anti-impact screw drill bit universal joint.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting a first extended locking sleeve and a second extended locking sleeve to cover the upper and lower ends of the rubber sleeve respectively, the direct impact of high-speed mud on the ends of the rubber sleeve is effectively blocked. Simultaneously, the flow guiding structure at the end of the novel universal joint connecting rod changes the mud flow direction, causing it to deviate from the surface of the rubber sleeve. The synergistic effect of these two elements significantly reduces the risk of the rubber sleeve being damaged by mud erosion. Furthermore, the sealing fit between the novel universal joint water cap and the ball seat, as well as the fixing structure of the ball cap and pressure ring, further prevents mud from entering the internal precision transmission components, ensuring the sealing performance and transmission stability of the universal joint. Compared with existing technologies, this invention significantly extends the service life of the universal joint of the screw drill bit, enabling it to adapt to harsh drilling conditions such as high displacement and high drilling pressure, improving the overall reliability and operating efficiency of the screw drill bit, and significantly enhancing the product's market competitiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Flexible hinge; 2. First extended locking sleeve; 3. New universal joint connecting rod; 4. Second extended locking sleeve; 5. New universal integrated water cap; 6. Ball seat; 7. Ball cap; 8. Pressure ring; 9. Rubber sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0017] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure.

[0018] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0019] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a novel anti-impact screw drill universal joint, which mainly includes the following components: a movable auger 1, a first extended locking sleeve 2, a novel universal joint connecting rod 3, a second extended locking sleeve 4, a novel universal integrated water cap 5, a ball seat 6, a ball cap 7, a pressure ring 8, and a rubber sleeve 9.

[0022] The upper end of the movable auger 1 is connected to the rotor (not shown) of the screw drill motor for inputting rotational motion and torque. A first extended locking sleeve 2 is fitted and fixed to the lower end of the movable auger 1, preferably through a threaded connection or welding. The upper end of the novel universal joint connecting rod 3 is movably connected to the lower end of the movable auger 1, forming a universal joint structure, allowing the connecting rod to swing within a certain angle range. The first extended locking sleeve 2 is also fitted onto the outside of the connection between the movable auger 1 and the novel universal joint connecting rod 3, with its lower end extending downwards to cover the connection area.

[0023] The lower end of the new universal joint connecting rod 3 is also provided with a connecting structure, which is movably connected to the upper end of the new universal integrated water cap 5 to form another set of universal joints. The second extended locking sleeve 4 is sleeved and fixed outside the lower end of the new universal joint connecting rod 3, and sleeved outside the connection between the connecting rod 3 and the water cap 5, with its upper end extending upward to cover the connection area.

[0024] The lower end of the new universal integrated water cap 5 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the ball seat 6, preferably by a threaded connection, and a sealing ring can be provided to enhance the sealing performance. The ball cap 7 is fitted over the ball seat 6 to accommodate the ball (not shown in the figure) and provide support. The pressure ring 8 is fitted over the ball cap 7 and fixedly connected to the ball seat 6 (e.g., by threaded fastening), thereby pressing and fixing the ball cap 7 onto the ball seat 6.

[0025] The rubber sleeve 9 is cylindrical and fitted over the outside of the new universal joint connecting rod 3, with its length aligned with the connecting rod's axis. The upper end of the rubber sleeve 9 is sealed to the lower end of the first extended locking sleeve 2, and the lower end of the rubber sleeve 9 is sealed to the upper end of the second extended locking sleeve 4. A sealing ring or interference fit can be used at the connection point to achieve a seal. The rubber sleeve 9 isolates the new universal joint connecting rod 3 from external mud, protecting the internal moving parts from mud erosion.

[0026] The axial lengths of both the first extended locking sleeve 2 and the second extended locking sleeve 4 are greater than those of conventional locking sleeves. The lower end of the first extended locking sleeve 2 extends to the outer side of the upper end of the covering rubber sleeve 9, and the upper end of the second extended locking sleeve 4 extends to the outer side of the lower end of the covering rubber sleeve 9. This structure ensures that the mud flow from the upper and lower parts is blocked or changed in direction by the extended locking sleeves before impacting the end of the rubber sleeve, thereby preventing high-speed mud from directly eroding the end seal of the rubber sleeve and significantly reducing the risk of the rubber sleeve being damaged by erosion.

[0027] The upper and / or lower ends of the new universal joint connecting rod 3 are provided with guide slopes or arc-shaped surfaces (not specifically shown in the figure). When the mud flows axially through the end of the connecting rod, the guide slopes guide the mud to flow radially, causing it to deviate from the outer surface of the rubber sleeve 9, further reducing the impact of the mud on the rubber sleeve.

[0028] The lower end of the new universal integrated water cap 5 and the upper end of the ball seat 6 are provided with a sealing structure (such as an O-ring) to form a sealed fit, preventing mud from entering the ball and ball socket and other precision transmission components inside the ball seat 6 from the connection point, ensuring internal lubrication and extending service life.

[0029] The ball cap 7 and the ball seat 6 are pressed and fixed together by the pressure ring 8, and a sealing element is provided on the contact surface to form a closed cavity to accommodate the ball and prevent mud from entering.

[0030] Working principle When the screw drill is working, the drilling fluid (mud) flows in from the top and flows downward through the internal channels of components such as the auger 1 and the new universal joint connecting rod 3. At the same time, it drives the motor rotor to rotate. The rotor transmits torque and speed to the transmission shaft at the bottom through the universal joint, thereby driving the drill bit to break the rock.

[0031] During the mud flow process, the mud cannot directly impact the upper and lower ends of the rubber sleeve 9 due to the obstruction of the first extended locking sleeve 2 and the second extended locking sleeve 4. At the same time, the flow guiding structure at the end of the new universal joint connecting rod 3 changes the direction of mud flow, preventing direct scouring of the outer wall of the rubber sleeve. Therefore, the rubber sleeve 9 is well protected and not easily damaged, thus ensuring the sealing and operational stability of the internal transmission components of the universal joint.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. For example, in addition to threaded connections, the extended locking sleeve can also be connected by key connections, pin connections, or welding to the auger or connecting rod; the angle and shape of the guide slope can be adjusted according to the specific mud flow rate and direction; the materials of each component can be selected from alloy steel or stainless steel according to strength requirements. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A novel anti-impact screw drill universal joint, characterized in that, include The components include: a flexible hinge (1), a first extended locking sleeve (2), a new universal joint connecting rod (3), a second extended locking sleeve (4), a new universal integrated water cap (5), a ball seat (6), a ball cap (7), a pressure ring (8), and a rubber sleeve (9). in, The first extended locking sleeve (2) is sleeved and fixed to the outside of one end of the movable hinge (1); The upper end of the new universal joint connecting rod (3) is movably connected to the lower end of the hinge (1), and the first extended locking sleeve (2) is sleeved on the outside of the connection between the hinge (1) and the new universal joint connecting rod (3); The second extended locking sleeve (4) is sleeved and fixed to the lower end of the new universal joint connecting rod (3); The upper end of the new universal integrated water cap (5) is movably connected to the lower end of the new universal shaft connecting rod (3), and the second extended locking sleeve (4) is sleeved on the outside of the connection between the new universal shaft connecting rod (3) and the new universal integrated water cap (5). The ball seat (6) is located below the new type of universal integrated water cap (5) and is connected to the lower end of the new type of universal integrated water cap (5); The ball cap (7) is fitted over the outside of the ball seat (6); The pressure ring (8) is sleeved on the outside of the ball cap (7) and fixedly connected to the ball seat (6); The rubber sleeve (9) is fitted onto the outside of the new universal joint connecting rod (3), with its upper end sealed to the lower end of the first extended locking sleeve (2) and its lower end sealed to the upper end of the second extended locking sleeve (4).

2. The novel anti-impact screw drill universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the first extended locking sleeve (2) extends downward to cover the outer side of the upper end of the rubber sleeve (9), and the upper end of the second extended locking sleeve (4) extends upward to cover the outer side of the lower end of the rubber sleeve (9).

3. The novel anti-impact screw drill universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and / or lower ends of the new universal joint connecting rod (3) are provided with a flow guiding slope, which is used to change the direction of the flowing mud so that it deviates from the outer surface of the rubber sleeve (9).

4. The novel anti-impact screw drill universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the new universal integrated water cap (5) is sealed to the upper end of the ball seat (6) to prevent mud from entering the interior of the ball seat (6).

5. The novel anti-impact screw drill universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealed space is formed between the inner wall of the ball cap (7) and the outer wall of the ball seat (6), and the pressure ring (8) presses and fixes the ball cap (7) onto the ball seat (6).

6. The novel anti-impact screw drill universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first extended locking sleeve (2) and the movable hinge (1), and the second extended locking sleeve (4) and the new universal joint connecting rod (3) are all threaded or welded.

7. The novel anti-impact screw drill universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the rubber sleeve (9) are respectively sealed to the first extended locking sleeve (2) and the second extended locking sleeve (4) through sealing rings.

8. A screw drill bit, characterized in that, Including the novel anti-impact screw drill universal joint as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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