Coal gangue conveying nutrient soil processing equipment based on industrial vision

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of conveying equipment, in particular to coal gangue conveying nutrient soil processing equipment based on industrial vision. According to the technical scheme, the machine comprises a rack, a conveying belt, a feeding hopper, a visual camera, a control assembly, a valve plate assembly, a scraping plate and a side pushing assembly; the conveying belt is arranged on the rack in a transmission mode through the supporting roller and the adjusting roller, and the feeding hopper is arranged above the feeding end of the rack through a support. The visual camera is installed at the center line of the support through a supporting rod, the scraper is provided with comb teeth and movably arranged between the feeding hopper and the camera, and the side pushing assembly is located on the side, away from the feeding hopper, of the camera. The swing amplitude of the scraper responds to the stacking height of materials on the conveying belt, the control assembly adjusts the opening degree of the valve plate assembly accordingly, and the lateral pushing assembly acts to respond to the running speed of the conveying belt. Through linkage regulation and control of the material stacking height and the feeding opening degree, matching of the conveying speed and the side pushing motion and combination of visual detection assistance, accurate feeding and middle conveying are achieved, and the conveying stability and the machining efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of conveying equipment technology, and specifically to a coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing equipment based on industrial vision. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue, a solid waste generated during coal mining and washing, has become an important research direction in the field of energy conservation and environmental protection due to its resource utilization. Processing coal gangue into nutrient soil through crushing, screening, and improvement is one of the effective ways to realize the resource utilization of coal gangue. As a key link in the process of processing coal gangue into nutrient soil, the operational stability and conveying accuracy of the equipment directly affect the efficiency of subsequent processing steps and the quality of the finished nutrient soil.

[0003] Existing coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing equipment mostly adopts the traditional conveyor belt conveying method, mainly composed of basic components such as frame, conveyor belt, feed hopper, and drive motor. However, in practical applications, this type of traditional conveying equipment has many technical pain points and cannot meet the requirements of efficient and precise processing:

[0004] First, the feed rate control precision is insufficient. Existing equipment often uses a single valve plate or manual adjustment to control the feed rate, failing to adapt to the actual stacking height of materials on the conveyor belt. When the feed rate of coal gangue suddenly increases, it easily leads to excessive accumulation of material on the conveyor belt, causing belt jamming, deviation, or even equipment overload and damage. Conversely, insufficient feed rate causes the conveyor belt to idle, reducing conveying efficiency and increasing energy consumption. Second, the adaptability between conveying speed and feed rate is poor. Existing equipment's drive motors mostly operate at a fixed speed, and the conveyor belt speed cannot be dynamically adjusted according to changes in the feed rate. When the feed rate and conveying speed are mismatched, it not only exacerbates material accumulation or idling problems but also leads to uneven material distribution on the conveyor belt, affecting the stability of subsequent crushing, screening, and other processing steps, thereby reducing the processing quality of the nutrient soil. Furthermore, manual adjustment of motor speed is slow and requires significant manpower, making it difficult to adapt to the needs of large-scale production.

[0005] Thirdly, material conveying deviation is a prominent issue. During the conveying process, coal gangue raw materials are prone to shifting to either side of the conveyor belt due to factors such as feed position deviation and conveyor belt vibration, leading to material spillage and loss. Simultaneously, the shifted material exacerbates wear on the conveyor belt edges, shortening equipment lifespan. While some existing equipment incorporates side-push guiding structures, these are mostly fixed baffles or manually adjustable push plates, unable to adaptively adjust the side-push amplitude according to the conveyor belt's operating speed. When the conveyor belt speed changes, fixed side-push structures are prone to insufficient pushing force or excessive material compression, either failing to effectively correct material deviation or causing coal gangue particles to break, affecting the subsequent improvement effect of nutrient soil. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing device based on industrial vision, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0007] The solution of the present invention to the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0008] This invention provides a coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing device based on industrial vision, comprising:

[0009] frame;

[0010] A conveyor belt is mounted on the frame via support rollers and adjusting rollers;

[0011] The feed hopper is mounted above the feed end of the frame via a bracket;

[0012] A visual camera is mounted on the bracket via a support rod and is located above the centerline of the frame;

[0013] A control component, which is installed inside the bracket;

[0014] A valve plate assembly, which is installed inside the feed hopper and connected to the control assembly;

[0015] A scraper is movably mounted on the bracket via a rotating shaft and is located between the feed hopper and the vision camera. The bottom end of the scraper is provided with comb teeth.

[0016] A side-push assembly is mounted on the frame and located on the side of the vision camera away from the feed hopper;

[0017] The oscillation amplitude of the scraper is responsive to the stacking height of the raw materials on the conveyor belt, the control component adjusts the opening of the valve plate assembly according to the oscillation amplitude of the scraper, and the action of the side push assembly is responsive to the running speed of the conveyor belt.

[0018] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0019] Furthermore, the control component includes a proportional valve and a cam, the cam being mounted on the rotating shaft of the scraper and being drivenly connected to the adjusting rod of the proportional valve via a first connecting rod.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0021] The mechanical transmission structure of the cam and the first connecting rod enables precise transmission of the scraper's oscillation motion to the proportional valve's adjustment motion. This simple transmission path and high efficiency avoid the signal delay and environmental interference issues that can occur with electrical sensing elements. The cam rotates synchronously with the scraper shaft, linearly converting the scraper's oscillation amplitude into the linear displacement of the first connecting rod, thereby precisely adjusting the opening of the proportional valve. This ensures a strict correspondence between the proportional valve's adjustment and the material stacking height, providing a reliable foundation for precise control of the subsequent feed rate. Furthermore, the mechanical transmission structure boasts high stability and a low failure rate, making it suitable for harsh environments such as dust and vibration encountered in coal gangue conveying and processing.

[0022] Furthermore, the valve plate assembly includes a first valve plate, a second valve plate, and a cylinder. Gears are installed on the rotating shaft ends of the first and second valve plates located outside the feed hopper. The output end of the cylinder is connected to a first connecting rod via a connecting plate. Racks that mesh with the gears are installed at both ends of the first connecting rod.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0024] Employing a symmetrical design with dual valve plates and a rack and pinion transmission mechanism, the two valve plates achieve synchronous counter-rotation. Compared to single-valve plate adjustment, this provides more uniform control over the opening and closing of the feed hopper, preventing material imbalance caused by congestion on one side. The cylinder, via a connecting plate, drives the first connecting rod to synchronously move the racks at both ends. The precise meshing of the racks and pinions stably converts the linear extension and retraction of the cylinder into the rotational motion of the valve plates, resulting in high adjustment accuracy and rapid response. It can quickly adjust the feed opening according to changes in the proportional valve's airflow. Furthermore, this highly integrated transmission structure, installed on the outside of the feed hopper, facilitates maintenance and repair, effectively preventing material dust from contaminating the transmission components and extending their service life.

[0025] Furthermore, the cylinder is a single-chamber, dual-port cylinder, with its inlet connected to the proportional valve and its outlet equipped with a throttle valve.

[0026] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0027] The single-chamber, dual-port cylinder features a simple structure. The extension and retraction of the telescopic rod is achieved through changes in airflow within a single chamber. Combined with a proportional valve for inlet control and a throttle valve for exhaust control, the cylinder's extension and retraction speed and stroke can be precisely controlled. The throttle valve stably controls the exhaust flow, preventing excessive valve plate opening and closing due to rapid exhaust, thus ensuring smooth feed rate adjustment and reducing material impact damage to the conveyor belt and valve plate. Simultaneously, the inlet is directly connected to the proportional valve, directly translating valve opening changes into cylinder pressure changes with rapid response. The throttle valve at the outlet acts as a pressure buffer, making valve plate adjustment smoother and further improving the accuracy of feed control and the stability of equipment operation.

[0028] Furthermore, the side push assembly includes a push plate, a second connecting rod, and a drive assembly. The push plate is connected to the drive assembly via the second connecting rod, and the push plate is located on both sides of the conveyor belt.

[0029] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0030] The symmetrically arranged push plates on both sides can simultaneously center and correct misaligned materials from both ends of the conveyor belt. Compared to single-sided pushing, this effectively prevents materials from shifting to the other side during the correction process, resulting in more precise and stable correction and ensuring that materials are always conveyed along the centerline of the conveyor belt. The push plates are stably connected to the drive assembly via a second connecting rod, ensuring reliable transmission and accurately transmitting the power of the drive assembly to the push plates. This ensures that the push plates on both sides move synchronously, avoiding material imbalance caused by lag in movement on one side. Furthermore, the symmetrical design of the push plates is adaptable to conveyor belts of different widths, offering strong versatility. The reasonable gap between the push plates and the conveyor belt achieves centering guidance without excessively compressing the materials, which could lead to material breakage or conveyor belt wear.

[0031] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a fixed base, a guide rod, a sliding sleeve, a spring, a second connecting rod, a mass block, and a pull rod;

[0032] The fixed base is mounted on the frame, the guide rod is fixed on the fixed base, the sliding sleeve is slidably mounted on the guide rod through a bearing, and the second connecting rod is connected to the sliding sleeve;

[0033] The spring is sleeved on the guide rod and located between the fixed seat and the sliding sleeve;

[0034] A rotating sleeve that rotates with the adjusting roller is fixedly installed on the guide rod; the second connecting rod is movably installed on both sides of the rotating sleeve; and the mass block is installed at the end of the second connecting rod.

[0035] One end of the pull rod is rotatably connected to the fixed base, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second connecting rod.

[0036] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0037] The drive assembly utilizes the centrifugal force of the mass block to achieve adaptive movement of the push plate, eliminating the need for additional power sources such as motors and cylinders. This simplifies the equipment structure and reduces energy consumption and the risk of failure. The rotating sleeve rotates synchronously with the adjusting roller. When the conveyor belt speed changes, the centrifugal force of the mass block changes accordingly. Through the transmission of the second connecting rod and the pull rod, the sliding sleeve slides along the guide rod, thereby driving the push plate to move, achieving precise matching between the lateral push amplitude and the conveyor belt speed. The spring configuration allows for automatic reset of the sliding sleeve and push plate when the conveyor belt speed decreases, resulting in a compact structure and reliable reset. Furthermore, the components are connected and coordinated through rotation and sliding, ensuring smooth transmission, effectively adapting to the vibration environment during conveying, exhibiting high stability, and low maintenance costs.

[0038] Furthermore, it also includes a motor, which is mounted at one end of the frame and is connected to the support roller in a driving connection.

[0039] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0040] By directly connecting the motor to the support roller drive, the power transmission path is short, resulting in high transmission efficiency and providing a stable and continuous power output to the conveyor belt, ensuring uniform conveyor belt speed. The motor is mounted at the end of the frame, a rational layout that facilitates installation, fixation, and subsequent maintenance. Furthermore, its direct linkage with the support roller, a core component of the conveying mechanism, reduces energy loss and potential failure points in intermediate transmission components. Compared to external power sources driven by complex transmission mechanisms, this design effectively improves the stability of power transmission, preventing conveyor belt speed fluctuations caused by slippage or wear of transmission components, and ensuring uniform material conveying.

[0041] Furthermore, the vision camera and the motor are connected in communication via a controller, which is configured to adjust the speed of the motor according to the distribution width of the material on the conveyor belt detected by the vision camera.

[0042] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0043] This system achieves intelligent linkage between industrial vision inspection and power drive. The vision camera can capture the distribution width information of materials on the conveyor belt in real time and with high precision. The controller analyzes this information and quickly adjusts the motor speed to dynamically match the conveyor belt speed with the feed rate. When the material distribution width is too large, i.e., the feed rate is too high, the controller adjusts the motor speed to prevent material accumulation; when the material distribution width is too small, i.e., the feed rate is too low, the controller adjusts the motor braking speed to prevent the conveyor belt from idling and wasting energy. This intelligent linkage control method requires no manual intervention, has a fast response speed and high control precision, and can significantly improve the automation level and energy efficiency of equipment operation, while ensuring the uniformity of material conveying and providing a stable material supply for subsequent processing steps.

[0044] As can be seen, the present invention provides a coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing device based on industrial vision. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] By constructing a closed-loop feedback control mechanism involving material stacking height, scraper oscillation, proportional valve adjustment, and valve plate opening, adaptive and precise control of the feed rate is achieved, significantly improving the stability of conveying and processing. The scraper guides material on the conveyor belt through its bottom comb teeth and directly responds to the material stacking height by oscillating. This oscillation, via a cam and linkage structure, adjusts the proportional valve opening. Finally, the meshing of cylinders and rack and pinions enables the reverse linkage opening and closing of the double valve plates, allowing the feed rate to dynamically adjust in real time according to the material accumulation on the conveyor belt. When there is too much material, the feed hopper opening is automatically reduced to prevent excessive accumulation on the conveyor belt, which could lead to belt jamming, deviation, or equipment overload damage. When there is too little material, the feed opening is automatically increased to ensure conveying efficiency, effectively balancing conveying efficiency and equipment operating safety. This also reduces labor costs and control lag associated with manual feed rate adjustment.

[0046] By combining industrial vision inspection with the coordinated control of motor speed, dynamic matching between feeding speed and conveying speed is achieved, further improving the uniformity of material conveying and the continuity of processing. A vision camera precisely targets the centerline of the conveyor belt to detect the width of the material distribution. The controller adjusts the motor speed in real time based on the detection data, ensuring that the conveyor belt speed and the feeding speed of the hopper are always matched. Compared to the material accumulation or idling problems that easily occur with traditional equipment conveying at fixed speeds, this design ensures that the material maintains a reasonable distribution on the conveyor belt, providing a uniform material supply for subsequent processing steps and improving the stability of subsequent processing quality. At the same time, it avoids problems such as material spillage and low conveying efficiency caused by speed mismatch, significantly improving the continuity and economy of the overall processing flow.

[0047] By designing a side-push assembly that adapts to the conveyor belt speed, automatic centering guidance during material conveying is achieved, effectively reducing material loss and equipment maintenance costs. The drive component of the side-push assembly utilizes the centrifugal force effect of a mass block to automatically adjust the push plate position according to the speed of the adjusting roller: when the conveyor belt speed increases, the centrifugal force of the mass block increases, driving the push plate closer to the center line and pushing the offset material to the center position; when the speed decreases, the spring automatically drives the push plate to reset. This innovative design requires no additional power source to drive the side-push operation; adaptive centering is achieved solely through the linkage between the mechanical structure and the conveyor belt speed. This not only simplifies the equipment structure and reduces energy consumption but also effectively avoids problems such as conveyor belt edge wear and material spillage caused by material offset. Simultaneously, the adaptive action of the push plate can adapt to the material centering requirements at different conveying speeds, improving the equipment's adaptability and operational stability, and reducing equipment failures and maintenance frequency caused by material offset. Attached Figure Description

[0048] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0049] In the attached diagram:

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main appearance of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a rear view diagram of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control component structure of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the feed hopper structure of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the scraper of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the valve plate assembly structure of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the side-push assembly structure of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the drive component structure of the present invention.

[0059] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0060] 1. Motor; 2. Frame; 201. Support roller; 202. Adjusting roller; 3. Control assembly; 301. Scraper; 302. Proportional valve; 303. First connecting rod; 304. Cam; 305. Comb teeth; 4. Valve plate assembly; 401. First valve plate; 402. Second valve plate; 403. Cylinder; 404. First connecting rod; 405. Connecting plate; 406. Rack; 407. Gear; 5. Feed hopper; 6. Vision camera; 7. Bracket; 701. Support rod; 8. Side push assembly; 801. Push plate; 802. Second connecting rod; 803. Drive assembly; 804. Fixed seat; 805. Spring; 806. Guide rod; 807. Sliding sleeve; 808. Second connecting rod; 809. Pull rod; 810. Mass block; 9. Conveyor belt. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] Please see Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the embodiments provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0063] Example 1

[0064] An industrial vision-based equipment for conveying and processing nutrient soil from coal gangue includes:

[0065] Rack 2;

[0066] The conveyor belt 9 is mounted on the frame 2 via support rollers 201 and adjusting rollers 202;

[0067] The feed hopper 5 is mounted above the feed end of the frame 2 via a bracket 7;

[0068] The visual camera 6 is mounted on the bracket 7 via a support rod 701 and is located above the center line of the frame 2;

[0069] Control component 3 is installed inside bracket 7;

[0070] Valve plate assembly 4 is installed inside the feed hopper 5 and connected to the control assembly 3;

[0071] The scraper 301 is movably mounted on the bracket 7 via a rotating shaft and is located between the feed hopper 5 and the vision camera 6. The bottom end of the scraper 301 is provided with comb teeth 305.

[0072] The side push assembly 8 is mounted on the frame 2 and is located on the side of the vision camera 6 away from the feed hopper 5;

[0073] The oscillation amplitude of the scraper 301 is in response to the stacking height of the raw materials on the conveyor belt 9. The control component 3 adjusts the opening of the valve plate component 4 according to the oscillation amplitude of the scraper 301. The action of the side push component 8 is in response to the running speed of the conveyor belt 9.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] To improve the accuracy and stability of feed rate control and adapt to the harsh environment of coal gangue conveying and processing, for example, such as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention also includes:

[0076] The control component 3 includes a proportional valve 302 and a cam 304. The cam 304 is mounted on the rotating shaft of the scraper 301 and is connected to the adjusting rod of the proportional valve 302 via a first connecting rod 303. Through the mechanical transmission structure of the cam 304 and the first connecting rod 303, the oscillating motion of the scraper 301 is accurately transmitted to the adjusting motion of the proportional valve 302. The transmission path is simple and the transmission efficiency is high, avoiding the signal delay and environmental interference problems that may occur when using electrical sensing elements. The cam 304 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft of the scraper 301, which can linearly convert the oscillation amplitude of the scraper 301 into the linear displacement of the first connecting rod 303, thereby accurately adjusting the opening of the proportional valve 302. This ensures that the adjustment amount of the proportional valve 302 has a strict correspondence with the material stacking height, providing a reliable pre-conditioning for the accurate control of the subsequent feed rate. At the same time, the mechanical transmission structure has strong stability and low failure rate, making it suitable for harsh environments such as dust and vibration in coal gangue conveying and processing scenarios.

[0077] The valve plate assembly 4 includes a first valve plate 401, a second valve plate 402, and a cylinder 403. Gears 407 are installed on the rotating shaft ends of the first valve plate 401 and the second valve plate 402 located outside the feed hopper 5. The output end of the cylinder 403 is connected to a first connecting rod 404 through a connecting plate 405. Both ends of the first connecting rod 404 are equipped with racks 406 that mesh with the gears 407. By adopting a symmetrical design of double valve plates and cooperating with the rack 406 and gear 407 transmission mechanism, the two valve plates are synchronously linked in opposite directions. Compared with single valve plate adjustment, the opening and closing range of the feed hopper 5 can be controlled more evenly, avoiding the material unbalanced loading problem caused by unilateral feeding congestion. The cylinder 403 drives the first connecting rod 404 via the connecting plate 405 to synchronously drive the racks 406 at both ends to move. The racks 406 and gears 407 precisely mesh and transmit power, which can stably convert the linear extension and retraction motion of the cylinder 403 into the rotational motion of the valve plate. It has high adjustment accuracy and rapid response, and can quickly adjust the feed opening according to the air flow changes of the proportional valve 302. At the same time, this transmission structure has a high degree of integration and is installed on the outside of the feed hopper 5, which facilitates maintenance and repair, and can effectively avoid material dust from contaminating the transmission components and extend the service life of the components.

[0078] Cylinder 403 is a single-chamber, dual-port cylinder. Its inlet is connected to the proportional valve 302, and its outlet is equipped with a throttle valve. The single-chamber, dual-port cylinder 403 has a simple structure; the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod can be achieved by changing the airflow in a single chamber. Combined with the inlet control of the proportional valve 302 and the exhaust control of the throttle valve, the extension and retraction speed and stroke of cylinder 403 can be precisely controlled. The throttle valve can stably control the exhaust flow, preventing the valve plate from opening and closing too abruptly due to excessively rapid exhaust from cylinder 403, thus achieving smooth adjustment of the feed rate and reducing damage to the conveyor belt 9 and the valve plate from material impact. Simultaneously, the direct connection between the inlet and the proportional valve 302 allows for direct conversion of changes in the valve 302's opening into changes in air pressure within cylinder 403, resulting in a fast response. The throttle valve at the outlet acts as a pressure buffer, making the valve plate adjustment process smoother and further improving the accuracy of feed control and the stability of equipment operation.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] To achieve precise centering guidance during material conveying and reduce material deviation losses and equipment wear, for example, such as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention also includes:

[0081] The side-pushing assembly 8 includes a push plate 801, a second connecting rod 802, and a drive assembly 803. The push plate 801 is connected to the drive assembly 803 via the second connecting rod 802, and the push plate 801 is located on both sides of the conveyor belt 9. The symmetrically arranged push plates 801 on both sides can simultaneously center and correct the offset material from both ends of the conveyor belt 9. Compared with single-sided side pushing, it can effectively prevent the material from shifting to the other side during the correction process, and the correction effect is more accurate and stable, ensuring that the material is always conveyed along the centerline of the conveyor belt 9. The push plate 801 is stably connected to the drive assembly 803 via the second connecting rod 802, ensuring reliable transmission and accurately transmitting the power of the drive assembly 803 to the push plate 801, ensuring that the push plates 801 on both sides move synchronously and avoiding material imbalance caused by lag in movement on one side. In addition, the symmetrical design of the push plate 801 is suitable for conveyor belts 9 of different widths, making it highly versatile. Furthermore, there is a reasonable gap between the push plate 801 and the conveyor belt 9, which can achieve centered guidance without excessively squeezing the material, causing material breakage or wear on the conveyor belt 9.

[0082] The drive assembly 803 includes a fixed base 804, a guide rod 806, a sliding sleeve 807, a spring 805, a second connecting rod 808, a mass block 810, and a pull rod 809;

[0083] The fixed base 804 is mounted on the frame 2, the guide rod 806 is fixed on the fixed base 804, the sliding sleeve 807 is slidably mounted on the guide rod 806 through the bearing, and the second connecting rod 802 is connected to the sliding sleeve 807;

[0084] Spring 805 is sleeved on guide rod 806 and located between fixed seat 804 and sliding sleeve 807;

[0085] A rotating sleeve that rotates with the adjusting roller 202 is fixedly installed on the guide rod 806. The second connecting rod 808 is movably installed on both sides of the rotating sleeve, and the mass block 810 is installed at the end of the second connecting rod 808.

[0086] One end of the pull rod 809 is rotatably connected to the fixed base 804, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second connecting rod 808. The drive assembly 803 achieves the adaptive movement of the push plate 801 by utilizing the centrifugal force effect of the mass block 810, eliminating the need for additional power sources such as the motor 1 and cylinder 403, simplifying the equipment structure and reducing energy consumption and failure risk. The rotating sleeve rotates synchronously with the adjusting roller 202. When the speed of the conveyor belt 9 changes, the centrifugal force of the mass block 810 changes accordingly. Through the transmission between the second connecting rod 808 and the pull rod 809, the sliding sleeve 807 slides along the guide rod 806, thereby driving the push plate 801 to move, achieving precise matching between the lateral push amplitude and the speed of the conveyor belt 9. The spring 805 allows the sliding sleeve 807 and the push plate 801 to automatically reset when the speed of the conveyor belt 9 decreases, resulting in a compact structure and reliable reset. At the same time, the components cooperate through rotation and sliding connections, ensuring smooth transmission, effectively adapting to the vibration environment during the conveying process, exhibiting strong stability and low maintenance costs.

[0087] Example 4

[0088] To improve the stability of power transmission in conveyor belts and achieve intelligent dynamic matching between conveying speed and feed rate, for example, such as... Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention also includes:

[0089] Motor 1 is mounted at one end of frame 2 and is connected to support roller 201 via a transmission connection. This direct connection between motor 1 and support roller 201 results in a short power transmission path, high transmission efficiency, and provides stable and continuous power output to conveyor belt 9, ensuring uniform conveyor belt speed. The motor 1's location at the end of frame 2 is rationally designed, facilitating installation, fixation, and subsequent maintenance. Its direct linkage with the core component of the conveying mechanism, support roller 201, reduces energy loss and potential failure points in intermediate transmission components. Compared to external power sources driven by complex transmission mechanisms, this design effectively improves the stability of power transmission, avoids fluctuations in conveyor belt speed due to slippage or wear of transmission components, and ensures uniform material conveying.

[0090] The vision camera 6 and motor 1 are connected via a controller. The controller is configured to adjust the speed of motor 1 based on the distribution width of the material on conveyor belt 9 detected by the vision camera 6, achieving intelligent linkage between industrial vision inspection and power drive. The vision camera 6 can capture the distribution width information of the material on conveyor belt 9 in real time and accurately. The controller analyzes this information and quickly adjusts the speed of motor 1, so that the running speed of conveyor belt 9 is dynamically adapted to the feed rate. When the material distribution width is too large, i.e., the feed rate is too high, the controller adjusts the speed of motor 1 to avoid material accumulation; when the material distribution width is too small, i.e., the feed rate is too low, the controller adjusts the speed of motor 1 to brake and decelerate, avoiding the waste of energy by idling conveyor belt 9. This intelligent linkage control method requires no manual intervention, has a fast response speed and high control accuracy, and can significantly improve the automation level and energy utilization efficiency of equipment operation, while ensuring the uniformity of material conveying and providing a stable material supply for subsequent processing steps.

[0091] Working principle:

[0092] After the equipment is started, motor 1 begins to run, driving support roller 201 to rotate. Through the transmission cooperation between support roller 201 and adjusting roller 202, conveyor belt 9 begins to run stably. At the same time, vision camera 6 starts synchronously. Vision camera 6 establishes a communication connection with motor 1 through the controller. The controller receives the material distribution width signal detected by vision camera 6 on conveyor belt 9 in real time, and adjusts the speed of motor 1 according to the distribution width to match the feeding speed, ensuring that the running speed of conveyor belt 9 matches the material conveying requirements.

[0093] The coal gangue raw material to be processed enters the equipment from the feed hopper 5 and falls onto the conveyor belt 9 running below. The scraper 301 located between the feed hopper 5 and the vision camera 6 will initially guide the raw material on the conveyor belt 9. The comb teeth 305 at the bottom of the scraper 301 can smooth out the raw material accumulated on the conveyor belt 9 and avoid excessive local stacking of raw material. During this process, the swing amplitude of the scraper 301 will respond to the stacking height of the raw material on the conveyor belt 9. When the stacking height of the raw material is high, it will push the scraper 301 to swing around the axis; if the stacking height of the raw material is normal, the scraper 301 will maintain its initial position and guide the material stably.

[0094] When the scraper 301 oscillates, the cam 304 mounted on its shaft rotates synchronously with it. The cam 304 is connected to the adjusting rod of the proportional valve 302 via the first connecting rod 303. The rotation of the cam 304 drives the first connecting rod 303, thereby adjusting the opening of the proportional valve 302. Since the proportional valve 302 is connected to the air inlet of the cylinder 403, changes in the opening of the proportional valve 302 directly alter the airflow into the cylinder 403. The output end of the cylinder 403 is connected to the first connecting rod 404 via a connecting plate 405. The racks 406 at both ends of the first connecting rod 404 mesh with the gears 407 at the outer end of the valve plate's rotating shaft. When the airflow in the cylinder 403 changes, the telescopic rod of the cylinder 403 extends and retracts accordingly, causing the connecting plate 405 and the first connecting rod 404 to move. Through the meshing of the racks 406 and the gears 407, the two valve plates are driven to rotate. Furthermore, the two valve plates move in opposite directions, and the opening of the feed hopper 5 is adjusted by changing the rotation angle, thus achieving precise control of the feed rate. It should be noted that cylinder 403 is a single-chamber, double-port cylinder 403, and its outlet is equipped with a throttle valve. Gas is discharged outward through the throttle valve. When the gas flow rate entering cylinder 403 is greater than the gas flow rate exiting, the telescopic rod of cylinder 403 extends, driving the valve plate to rotate and reduce the opening of the feed hopper 5, thereby reducing the feed rate; conversely, it increases the feed rate, forming a closed-loop feedback control based on the material stacking height.

[0095] After the feed rate is adjusted, the material continues to be conveyed by the conveyor belt 9. When it reaches the side of the vision camera 6 away from the feed hopper 5, the side push assembly 8 starts to work. The action of the side push assembly 8 is responsive to the running speed of the conveyor belt 9. Since the rotating sleeve in the drive assembly 803 rotates synchronously with the adjusting roller 202, when the running speed of the conveyor belt 9 changes, the rotation speed of the adjusting roller 202 changes accordingly, and the rotation speed of the rotating sleeve is also adjusted synchronously. The second connecting rod 808, which is movably installed on both sides of the rotating sleeve, has a mass block 810 at its end. When the rotation speed of the rotating sleeve increases, that is, when the running speed of the conveyor belt 9 increases, the centrifugal force generated by the mass block 810 increases, which will drive the second connecting rod 808 to deflect. The second connecting rod 808 is rotatably connected to the pull rod 809 fixed on the frame 2. When the second connecting rod 808 deflects, it pulls the pull rod 809, which in turn drives the sliding sleeve 807 to slide along the guide rod 806 toward the fixed seat 804. The sliding sleeve 807 drives the push plates 801 on both sides to move toward the center line of the conveyor belt 9 through the second connecting rod 802, pushing any material that may be offset on the conveyor belt 9 toward the center, ensuring that the material is conveyed in a centered manner. When the running speed of the conveyor belt 9 decreases, the centrifugal force of the mass block 810 decreases, the spring 805 sleeved on the guide rod 806 recovers its deformation, pushes the sliding sleeve 807 to reset, and then drives the push plate 801 back to its initial position, completing one side push adjustment cycle.

[0096] During continuous operation of the equipment, the vision camera 6 constantly monitors the material distribution width in real time and dynamically adjusts the speed of the motor 1; the scraper 301 continuously responds to the material stacking height and dynamically adjusts the valve plate opening through the control component 3; the side push component 8 synchronously responds to the speed of the conveyor belt 9 and dynamically adjusts the position of the push plate 801. The three work together to ensure that the entire conveying and processing process is stable and efficient.

[0097] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0098] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing equipment based on industrial vision, characterized in that, include: Rack (2); The conveyor belt (9) is mounted on the frame (2) via a support roller (201) and an adjusting roller (202); The feed hopper (5) is mounted above the feed end of the frame (2) via a bracket (7); A visual camera (6) is mounted on the bracket (7) via a support rod (701) and is located above the centerline of the frame (2); Control component (3), which is installed inside the bracket (7); Valve plate assembly (4), which is installed inside the feed hopper (5) and connected to the control assembly (3); The scraper (301) is movably mounted on the bracket (7) via a rotating shaft and is located between the feed hopper (5) and the vision camera (6). The bottom end of the scraper (301) is provided with comb teeth (305). Side push assembly (8), which is mounted on the frame (2) and located on the side of the vision camera (6) away from the feed hopper (5); The oscillation amplitude of the scraper (301) is in response to the stacking height of the raw materials on the conveyor belt (9), the control component (3) adjusts the opening of the valve plate component (4) according to the oscillation amplitude of the scraper (301), and the action of the side push component (8) is in response to the running speed of the conveyor belt (9).

2. The coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control component (3) includes a proportional valve (302) and a cam (304). The cam (304) is mounted on the rotating shaft of the scraper (301) and is connected to the adjusting rod of the proportional valve (302) via a first connecting rod (303).

3. The coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve plate assembly (4) includes a first valve plate (401), a second valve plate (402) and a cylinder (403). The first valve plate (401) and the second valve plate (402) are equipped with gears (407) at the rotating shaft ends located outside the feed hopper (5). The output end of the cylinder (403) is connected to a first connecting rod (404) through a connecting plate (405). Both ends of the first connecting rod (404) are equipped with racks (406) that mesh with the gears (407).

4. The coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cylinder (403) is a single-chamber, double-port cylinder, with its inlet connected to the proportional valve (302) and its outlet equipped with a throttle valve.

5. The coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side push assembly (8) includes a push plate (801), a second connecting rod (802) and a drive assembly (803). The push plate (801) is connected to the drive assembly (803) through the second connecting rod (802), and the push plate (801) is located on both sides of the conveyor belt (9).

6. The coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive assembly (803) includes a fixed base (804), a guide rod (806), a sliding sleeve (807), a spring (805), a second connecting rod (808), a mass block (810), and a pull rod (809). The fixed base (804) is mounted on the frame (2), the guide rod (806) is fixed on the fixed base (804), the sliding sleeve (807) is slidably mounted on the guide rod (806) through a bearing, and the second connecting rod (802) is connected to the sliding sleeve (807). The spring (805) is sleeved on the guide rod (806) and located between the fixed seat (804) and the sliding sleeve (807); A rotating sleeve that rotates with the adjusting roller (202) is fixedly installed on the guide rod (806), the second connecting rod (808) is movably installed on both sides of the rotating sleeve, and the mass block (810) is installed at the end of the second connecting rod (808); One end of the pull rod (809) is rotatably connected to the fixed base (804), and the other end is rotatably connected to the second connecting rod (808).

7. The coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a motor (1), which is mounted on one end of the frame (2) and is connected to the support roller (201) in a transmission.

8. The coal gangue conveying and nutrient soil processing equipment based on industrial vision according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vision camera (6) and the motor (1) are connected in communication via a controller, which is configured to adjust the rotation speed of the motor (1) according to the distribution width of the material on the conveyor belt (9) detected by the vision camera (6).

Images