Intelligent refined treatment device and method for liquid cooling secondary water of data center

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic refining secondary water treatment device for liquid cooling of a data center and a treatment method, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment. The device comprises a circulating pump, an electric valve group, a monitoring sensor group, a water treatment tank group, a pipeline system, an electric control unit and an equipment frame, the water treatment tank group comprises eight functional tank bodies including a front precise treatment tank group and a rear comprehensive treatment tank group, and each tank is filled with a special adaptive material. The pipeline system forms three switchable paths, namely a front precise treatment path, a rear comprehensive treatment path and a bypass protection path through an electric valve group. The electric control unit automatically controls on-off of the valve set and start-stop of the pump body based on real-time data of the sensor set, and directional fine treatment and bypass protection when the water quality index exceeds the standard are achieved. The device realizes automatic refined control of liquid cooling secondary water quality, ensures that the water quality continuously reaches the standard, prolongs the service life of materials, reduces the maintenance cost, is adaptive to various data center liquid cooling systems, and improves the operation stability and economy of the liquid cooling systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, and specifically to a secondary water treatment device and method for a data center liquid cooling system. Background Technology

[0002] As a core cooling solution for next-generation high-heat-density computing equipment, data center liquid cooling technology is experiencing explosive growth. The stable operation of liquid cooling systems highly depends on the precise control of secondary water quality. Industry data shows that over 60% of early liquid cooling system failures originate from uncontrolled secondary water quality, and the cost of a single downtime maintenance can reach 15%-20% of the initial system investment. Water treatment has become a critical aspect of the reliable operation of liquid cooling systems.

[0003] Currently, secondary water treatment for data center liquid cooling mainly adopts traditional chemical dosing or single ion exchange treatment schemes, which have several prominent technical defects: First, traditional devices are highly dependent on manual operation, requiring professional personnel to regularly test water quality and add chemicals on-site. This results in high labor costs and water quality fluctuations due to operational errors and improper chemical dosage. Approximately 40% of data centers experience secondary failures such as scaling and corrosion due to improper chemical dosing. Second, existing treatment devices use a coarse, fixed treatment path. Regardless of whether water quality indicators exceed standards, the water flow must pass through all treatment tanks, leading to a large amount of ineffective consumption of water treatment materials in the tanks, significantly shortening the material lifespan, and resulting in high equipment maintenance and replacement frequency and high maintenance costs. Third, traditional devices cannot provide targeted treatment for different water quality indicators exceeding standards, resulting in low water quality control precision and failing to meet the high precision requirements of liquid cooling systems for secondary water. Fourth, existing devices lack comprehensive protection logic. High-temperature water can easily cause irreversible damage to the special materials inside the tanks, further reducing material lifespan. Moreover, the device structure layout is unreasonable, with poor adaptability, making it difficult to meet the usage needs of data centers of different sizes.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, developing a liquid-cooled secondary water treatment device and corresponding method that can achieve unmanned automatic control, precise and targeted water quality treatment, extend the service life of water treatment materials, and reduce maintenance costs has become an urgent technical challenge to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an intelligent and refined treatment device and method for secondary liquid cooling water in data centers. By optimizing the structural design and control logic of the device, it achieves automatic monitoring and refined targeted treatment of secondary liquid cooling water without manual intervention, accurately ensuring that the water quality continuously meets standards. At the same time, by switching the water flow treatment path as needed, it avoids the ineffective consumption of materials in the tank, extends the material service life, and significantly reduces maintenance costs. It solves the problems of traditional treatment devices that rely on manual labor, have extensive water quality control, and have short material lifespan, thereby improving the stability and economy of the liquid cooling system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A smart and refined treatment device for liquid-cooled secondary water in a data center includes: an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a circulating pump, multiple functional water treatment units, multiple controllable valves, a monitoring sensor group, a pipeline system, and an electrical control unit.

[0007] The multiple functional water treatment units include a pre-treatment unit and a post-treatment unit, each consisting of multiple treatment tanks with different treatment functions. The treatment tanks in the pre-treatment unit are used to treat water quality indicators exceeding standards as detected by the monitoring sensor array. The treatment tanks in the post-treatment unit are used for multi-stage purification of the water.

[0008] The monitoring sensor group is installed on the inlet and / or outlet pipes of the device and is used to monitor in real time indicators including at least turbidity, hardness, conductivity, pH, temperature and pressure.

[0009] The multiple controllable valves are connected to the inlet pipe, circulation pump, pretreatment unit, posttreatment unit and outlet pipe through the pipeline system to form a switchable flow path.

[0010] The electronic control unit is electrically connected to the monitoring sensor group and each controllable valve, and is configured to: receive real-time monitoring data from the monitoring sensor group, compare the monitoring data with preset water quality standard values ​​and preset thresholds, determine whether there are water quality indicators exceeding the standards, the type of exceeding the standards, and whether the water temperature exceeds the preset thresholds, and automatically control the on / off state of the multiple controllable valves according to the judgment results to form different water flow paths.

[0011] The different water flow paths include at least the following: a first treatment path, in which the water flowing through the inlet pipe, after passing through the circulation pump, selectively flows through one or more pre-treatment unit tanks corresponding to the exceeding indicators, then flows through the post-treatment unit, and is then discharged from the outlet pipe; a second treatment path, in which the water flowing through the inlet pipe, after passing through the circulation pump, does not flow through any of the aforementioned pre-treatment unit tanks, but only flows through the post-treatment unit, and is then discharged from the outlet pipe; and a third protection path, in which the water flowing through the inlet pipe is directly discharged from the outlet pipe through a bypass pipe, without flowing through any functional water treatment unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the pretreatment unit includes four treatment tanks: a physical adsorption treatment tank for treating excessive turbidity, a hardness treatment tank for treating excessive hardness, a cation reaction tank for treating excessive conductivity, and an anion reaction tank for treating excessive pH. The posttreatment unit includes four treatment tanks: a physical adsorption tank for pretreatment, a micron-level filtration tank for removing micron-sized impurities from the water, a microbial reaction tank for controlling microorganisms, and a polishing mixed-bed resin tank for improving water purity.

[0013] Furthermore, the multiple controllable valves include a first electric valve, a bypass electric valve, and multiple three-way electric valves; the specific connection method of the pipeline system is as follows: the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the pretreatment unit via the circulation pump and the first electric valve; the inlet and outlet of each treatment tank in the pretreatment unit are connected via the multiple three-way electric valves to form selectable parallel or series flow paths, which are then connected to the inlet of the posttreatment unit; the treatment tanks of the posttreatment unit are connected in series, and their outlets are connected to the outlet pipe; the inlet pipe is also directly connected to the outlet pipe via the bypass electric valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the electronic control unit is configured to control the device to switch to the first processing path corresponding to the type of water quality index exceeding the standard when any water quality index detected by the monitoring sensor group exceeds the standard; to control the device to switch to the second processing path when all detected water quality indexes meet the standard; and to control the device to switch to the third protection path when the inlet water temperature is detected to be higher than a preset threshold and continues for a preset time, or when a device fault signal is received.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a closed equipment frame, in which the multiple functional water treatment units, circulating pumps, controllable valves and electrical control units are all integrated and fixed; the equipment frame is provided with a display and operation interface that is electrically connected to the electrical control unit.

[0016] This invention also provides a method for treating secondary liquid-cooled water in a data center, comprising the following steps: S1. Real-time monitoring: Connect the device to the liquid-cooled secondary water circulation system, use the monitoring sensor group to collect multiple indicators of the water body in real time, and transmit them to the electronic control unit. S2. Operating condition judgment: The received water body index data is compared with the preset standard value and preset threshold by the electronic control unit to determine whether there are any indicators exceeding the standard, and to identify whether the type of exceeding the standard is a single indicator exceeding the standard or multiple indicators exceeding the standard. S3. Path switching: The electronic control unit automatically controls the opening and closing of multiple controllable valves based on the working condition judgment result, so as to switch the water flow path to the first treatment path corresponding to the type of exceeding index, or the second treatment path corresponding to the water quality meeting the standard, or switch to the third protection path when the water temperature exceeds the preset threshold or the equipment fails. S4. Dynamic Cyclic Control: During the operation of the device, the electronic control unit continuously and dynamically adjusts the on / off state of the controllable valve based on real-time monitoring data.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, when it is determined that a single indicator exceeds the standard, the first processing path controlled by the electronic control unit is to make the water flow only through the pre-treatment unit tank corresponding to the indicator that exceeds the standard, and then flow through the post-treatment unit.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S3, when it is determined that multiple indicators exceed the standard, the first processing path controlled by the electronic control unit is to make the water flow sequentially through the pre-treatment unit tank corresponding to all the indicators that exceed the standard, and then flow through the post-treatment unit.

[0019] Furthermore, the preset water quality standard value is set according to the usage requirements of liquid cooling secondary water in the data center; the preset threshold is when the inlet water temperature is higher than the upper limit of the tolerance temperature of the functional materials of the water treatment unit for a period of time.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] This system enables intelligent and automated water quality control. Through real-time monitoring by sensor arrays, automatic identification of exceedance types by the electronic control unit, and dynamic switching of treatment paths, it achieves fully automated, unattended operation, avoiding water quality fluctuations caused by human error and significantly reducing manual maintenance costs.

[0022] Achieve refined and on-demand water quality treatment. Targeted enhancement and refined treatment can be carried out for single or multiple indicators exceeding the standard, ensuring that the water quality of liquid cooling secondary water continuously and stably meets the standards, and effectively reducing the risk of failures such as scaling, corrosion, and microbial contamination.

[0023] Extending the lifespan of water treatment materials significantly reduces maintenance costs. By switching water flow treatment paths as needed, dedicated materials for the corresponding tank are consumed only when indicators exceed limits, avoiding the ineffective material consumption caused by traditional fixed paths. This extends the lifespan of materials in the tank by more than 50% and reduces equipment maintenance costs by more than 30%.

[0024] The device features a multi-level protection mechanism, ensuring reliable operation. It incorporates multiple protection logics, including high-temperature bypass and fault bypass, to prevent irreversible damage to the specialized materials inside the tank from high-temperature water. Simultaneously, it prevents the ineffective consumption of materials under fault conditions, extending the overall service life of the device and improving the stability of the liquid cooling system.

[0025] The device boasts a compact structure and high integration. All functional components are integrated within a single frame, employing a modular design that allows direct connection to existing data center liquid-cooled secondary water circulation systems without significant modifications. Its small footprint facilitates installation and transportation. It offers strong adaptability and ease of operation. Water quality standards and thresholds can be customized via the electronic control unit, adapting to data center liquid-cooling systems of varying sizes and heat densities. The device integrates an LCD touchscreen and an emergency stop button, enabling visualized operational status and one-button emergency shutdown for convenient on-site monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a side view of the main shaft of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 A rear axle side view of an embodiment of the device of the present invention with the side plates removed.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front-axis side view of the internal components of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a rear axle view of the internal components of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a side view of the internal system piping of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a rear axle view of the internal system piping of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a right-axis view of the internal system piping of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a left-axis side view of the internal system piping of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the water treatment process according to an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 01-Water treatment device of the present invention, 02-Inlet pipe, 03-Outlet pipe, 04-Circulation pump, 05-Electrical control unit, 06-Equipment frame, 07-Base, 08-Front door panel, 09-LCD touch screen, 10-Emergency stop button, 11-Pretreatment unit, 12-Posttreatment unit, 13-F1 Physical adsorption treatment tank, 14-F2 Hardness treatment tank, 15-F3 Cation reaction tank, 16-F4 Anion reaction tank, 17-F5 Physical adsorption tank, 18-F6 Micron-level filter tank, 19-F7 Microbial reaction tank, 20-F8 Polishing mixed bed resin tank, 21-M1 First electric valve, 22-M3 Bypass electric valve, 23-M2 First three-way electric valve, 23-1-M2 First interface, 23-2-M2 Second interface, 23-3-M2 Third interface, 24 -M4 second three-way electric valve, 24-1-M4 first port, 24-2-M4 second port, 24-3-M4 third port, 25-M5 third three-way electric valve, 25-1-M5 first port, 25-2-M5 second port, 25-3-M5 third port, 26-Outlet water temperature T sensor, 27-Outlet water pressure P sensor, 28-Outlet water hardness PPM sensor, 29-Inlet water temperature T sensor, 30-Inlet water pressure P sensor, 31-Inlet water hardness PPM sensor, 32-Inlet water turbidity NTU sensor, 33-Inlet water conductivity US sensor, 34-Inlet water pH sensor, 35-Outlet water turbidity NTU sensor, 36-Outlet water conductivity US sensor, 37-Outlet water pH sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0037] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0040] Example 1: Device Structure

[0041] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the water treatment device 01 in this embodiment is an integrated closed-loop device. Its core components include an inlet pipe 02, an outlet pipe 03, a circulating pump 04, a functional water treatment unit, an electric valve assembly, a water quality monitoring sensor assembly, and an electrical control unit 05. All functional components are integrated and installed within the closed-loop device frame 06. The bottom of the device frame 06 is equipped with an anti-slip and anti-vibration base 07, which ensures the stability of the equipment operation and facilitates on-site installation and maintenance. The front door panel 08 of the frame is fitted with an LCD touch screen 09 and an emergency stop button 10. Operators can view the equipment operating parameters and water quality monitoring data in real time through the LCD touch screen 09 and set parameters. The emergency stop button 10 provides rapid shutdown protection for abnormal operating conditions, improving the convenience and safety of equipment operation.

[0042] The functionalized water treatment unit is the core of this device for achieving precise water treatment. It includes a pretreatment unit 11 and a posttreatment unit 12, with a total of eight treatment tanks arranged in two parallel rows on the base 07. The pretreatment unit 11 consists of four dedicated treatment tanks: F1 physical adsorption treatment tank 13, F2 hardness treatment tank 14, F3 cation reaction tank 15, and F4 anion reaction tank 16. Each treatment tank is designed for specific water quality indicators to achieve targeted treatment of indicators exceeding standards. The posttreatment unit 12 also includes four treatment tanks: F5 physical adsorption tank 17, F6 micron-level filtration tank 18, F7 microbial reaction tank 19, and F8 polishing mixed bed resin tank 20. These treatment tanks are connected in series to comprehensively purify the water.

[0043] Each treatment tank is filled with specialized water treatment materials suitable for its treatment function: F1 physical adsorption treatment tank 13 is filled with ceramic adsorbent material with small pore spacing, which can efficiently remove tiny suspended particles and specifically address turbidity issues; F2 hardness treatment tank 14 is filled with sodium-type strong acid softening resin, which can effectively remove calcium and magnesium ions, specifically addressing hardness issues and preventing scale formation; F3 cation reaction tank 15 is filled with chelating / anti-scaling resin and metal ion trapping filter cartridges, with iminodiacetic acid or aminophosphonic acid as the main materials, used to remove other metal cations besides calcium and magnesium ions, specifically addressing conductivity issues; F4 anion reaction tank 16 is filled with hydroxide-type strong / weak alkaline anions. The resin is used to adjust the pH value and achieve deep removal of anions, specifically addressing the problem of excessive pH levels. The F5 physical adsorption tank 17 is filled with activated carbon-based porous adsorption material, which removes residual chlorine, organic matter, and odors, while also protecting the subsequent ion exchange materials. The F6 micron-level filter tank 18 is primarily made of clean-grade polypropylene, used to intercept tiny solid impurities, improve water quality, and protect subsequent treatment materials. The F7 microbial reaction tank 19 is filled with immobilized or loaded bactericidal materials (such as silver-loaded activated carbon, bromine resin, etc.) to effectively inhibit microbial growth. The F8 polished mixed-bed resin tank 20 is filled with cross-linked polystyrene resin with strong acid and strong base functional groups to ensure water purity. This combination of materials ensures both treatment effectiveness and economic efficiency. Through precise control, the service life of each stage of treatment materials can be significantly extended, solving the problems of frequent material replacement and high operating costs in existing water treatment technologies.

[0044] The electric valve assembly includes M1 first electric valve 21, M3 bypass electric valve 22, M2 first three-way electric valve 23, M4 second three-way electric valve 24 and M5 third three-way electric valve 25. The inlet pipe 02, circulation pump 04, pretreatment unit 11, posttreatment unit 12 and outlet pipe 03 are connected by pipelines to form a switchable flow path structure.

[0045] The specific pipeline connection method is as follows: the inlet pipe is divided into two paths. One path connects to the inlet of the pretreatment unit 11 via the circulation pump 04 and the first electric valve 21 of M1; the other path connects directly to the outlet pipe 03 via the bypass electric valve 22 of M3, forming a bypass flow path. The four treatment tanks F1-F4 in the pretreatment unit 11 are connected in parallel after M1. The inlet and outlet of each treatment tank are connected in a switchable manner via three-way electric valves M2, M4, and M5. The first port 23-1 of M2 is connected to the inlet of F1, the second port 23-2 of M2 is connected to the outlet of F1 and the inlet of F2, and the third port 23-3 of M2... The first interface 24-1 of M4 is connected to the first interface 24-1 of M4. The second interface 24-2 of M4 is connected to the outlet of F2 and the inlet of F3. The third interface 24-3 of M4 is connected to the outlet of F3, the inlet of F4, and the second interface 25-2 of M5. The first interface 25-1 of M5 is connected to the outlet of F4. The third interface 25-3 of M5 is connected to the inlet of F5 of the post-treatment unit. The treatment tanks F5, F6, F7 and F8 of the post-treatment unit are connected in series. The outlet of F8 is connected to the water outlet pipe of the device. By controlling the opening and closing of the interfaces of M2, M4 and M5, the switching of different treatment paths can be realized.

[0046] The monitoring sensor group is installed in the inlet and outlet water pipes of the device, located on the inlet side of the pretreatment unit 11 and the outlet side of the posttreatment unit 12, respectively. Among them, the inlet water temperature sensor 29 is installed on the inlet side of the circulation pump 04; the inlet water pressure sensor 30, the inlet water hardness sensor 31, the inlet water turbidity sensor 32, the inlet water conductivity sensor 33, and the inlet water pH sensor 34 are installed between the outlet of the circulation pump 04 and the inlet of the first electric valve 21 of M1; the outlet water temperature sensor 26, the outlet water pressure sensor 27, the outlet water hardness sensor 28, the outlet water turbidity sensor 35, the outlet water conductivity sensor 36, and the outlet water pH sensor 37 are installed on the outlet side of the F8 polishing mixed bed resin tank 20 of the posttreatment unit 12. The monitoring sensor array can monitor multiple water indicators such as turbidity, hardness, conductivity, pH, temperature and pressure in real time, comprehensively grasp the water quality changes before, during and after treatment, and provide data support for precise control.

[0047] The electronic control unit 05 includes commonly used control components such as a microprocessor, a data acquisition module, and a relay output module. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the monitoring sensor group and each controllable valve. It has preset water quality standard values ​​and preset thresholds. The preset water quality standard values ​​are set according to the usage requirements of secondary cooling water in data centers. The preset thresholds are set when the inlet water temperature exceeds the upper limit of the temperature tolerance of the functional materials of the water treatment unit for a certain period of time. The optimal water quality standard settings are: hardness ≤10 mg / L, turbidity ≤5 NTU, conductivity ≤1000 μS / cm, and pH 6.5-7.5. The optimal preset threshold setting is an inlet water temperature above 60℃ for 3 minutes. These preset values ​​can be adjusted through the human-machine interface of the electronic control unit.

[0048] Example 2: Control Logic

[0049] The core control logic of the electronic control unit is as follows: It receives real-time monitoring data transmitted by the monitoring sensor group, compares the monitoring data with preset standard values ​​and thresholds, determines whether there are water quality indicators exceeding the standards, the type of exceeding the standards (single or multiple), and whether the water temperature is continuously exceeding the standards. Based on the judgment results, it automatically controls the on / off state of each controllable valve to achieve the switching of different water flow paths. Specifically, it executes according to the following rules:

[0050] Initialization operation: After the device is powered on, the PLC reads the initial values ​​of each sensor. If the temperature and pressure are normal, it enters standby mode and all valves are initially closed.

[0051] Routine operation: When water needs to be treated, the PLC starts the circulating pump and the first electric valve M1, and simultaneously makes a judgment based on the water quality test results.

[0052] If all indicators meet the standards, the system will proceed to the second treatment path, where the control valves will prevent the water from passing through any pre-treatment tanks and will directly enter the post-treatment unit.

[0053] If one or more water quality indicators exceed the standard, the system switches to the first treatment path. The first treatment path is a targeted enhanced treatment path. When the electronic control unit determines which indicator exceeds the standard, it controls the corresponding treatment tank to open the passage. The treatment tanks of the other pre-treatment units are closed through bypass. That is, after the water flows through the inlet pipe and the circulation pump, it only flows through the pre-treatment unit treatment tank corresponding to the indicator that exceeds the standard, and then flows through the post-treatment unit before being discharged from the outlet pipe.

[0054] If the temperature sensor detects that the inlet water temperature is ≥60℃ for 3 minutes, or if the system detects that the circulating pump has stopped or the sensor has failed, the PLC will immediately open the bypass valve M3 and close M1 and all three-way valves. The water will then flow directly through M3 to the outlet pipe to avoid damage to the treatment materials due to high temperature or failure.

[0055] Dynamic adjustment: During operation of any treatment path, the PLC continuously monitors the water quality. If the exceeding indicators return to normal, it automatically switches to the second treatment path; if new exceeding indicators appear, it switches paths again according to the current combination of exceeding indicators.

[0056] Example 3: Processing when all indicators meet the standards

[0057] After the device is connected to the liquid cooling system, the optimal water quality standard values ​​are preset via the LCD touch screen: total hardness ≤10 mg / L, turbidity ≤5 NTU, conductivity ≤1000 μS / cm, pH 6.5-7.5, and the water temperature protection threshold is set to 60℃ for 3 minutes. After all parameters are configured, the device enters the operating state.

[0058] During operation, the monitoring sensor group continuously collected data on various indicators. The LCD touch screen displayed the real-time test results as follows: turbidity of influent was 3 NTU, hardness was 7 mg / L, conductivity was 750 μS / cm, pH value was 6.8, and influent temperature was 26℃. All indicators were within the preset standard range, with no exceedances.

[0059] After receiving real-time data transmitted from the sensors, the electronic control unit compares it with the preset standard values ​​to determine that the current water quality is good. Without the need for intervention from the pre-processing unit, it automatically sends control signals: opening interfaces 23-1 and 23-3 of the first electric valve M1, the first three-way electric valve M2, the second three-way electric valve M4, and the third three-way electric valve M5; closing interfaces 23-2 of the first three-way electric valve M2, the second three-way electric valve M4, and the third three-way electric valve M5; and keeping the bypass valve M3 closed, switching to the second processing path.

[0060] After entering the device through the inlet pipe, the water flows sequentially through the circulation pump and the first electric valve M1. Under the valve control of the electronic control unit, it bypasses any of the pretreatment tanks in the F1-F4 pretreatment units and directly enters the posttreatment unit through the first three-way electric valve M2, the second three-way electric valve M4, and the third three-way electric valve M5. Subsequently, it flows sequentially through the F5 physical adsorption tank, the F6 micron-level filter tank, the F7 microbial reaction tank, and the F8 polishing mixed bed resin tank. After pretreatment adsorption, deep filtration, microbial inhibition, and fine ion treatment, the water flows out from the device's outlet pipe.

[0061] After purification by the post-treatment unit, the effluent water quality indicators were further optimized: turbidity decreased to 2 NTU, total hardness stabilized at 6 mg / L, conductivity was 680 μS / cm, and pH was maintained at 6.9, fully meeting the high-precision requirements of the liquid cooling system for secondary water. The compliant water was then returned to the liquid cooling secondary side water circulation system. During subsequent continuous operation, the electrical control unit monitored water quality changes in real time, and all indicators remained within the standard range. The device continued to operate in the second treatment path, ensuring water quality stability and avoiding the ineffective consumption of special materials in the pre-treatment tank, thus extending the material's service life.

[0062] Example 4: Handling of Single Indicator Exceeding Standards

[0063] After setting the parameters according to the indicators in Example 3, the water quality monitoring sensor group detected that the turbidity of the influent was 8 NTU, which exceeded the standard value of 5 NTU. The other indicators, hardness of 8 mg / L, conductivity of 800 μS / cm and pH value of 7.0, all met the standards. The influent temperature was 28℃.

[0064] After comparing the detection data with the preset standard value, the electronic control unit determines that the turbidity single index exceeds the standard and automatically sends a control signal: open the interfaces 23-2 and 23-3 of the first electric valve M1 and the three-way valve M2, close the interface 23-1 of the three-way valve M2, the interface 24-2 of the three-way valve M4 and the interface 25-1 of the three-way valve M5, and keep the bypass valve M3 closed;

[0065] After the water enters the device through the inlet pipe, it flows through the circulation pump and the first electric valve M1 in sequence, and then enters the F1 physical adsorption treatment tank for suspended particle adsorption treatment. The treated water flows through the first three-way electric valve M2, the second three-way electric valve M4 and the third three-way electric valve M5 in sequence, and then enters the post-treatment unit in sequence. After completing the water purification, it flows out from the device through the outlet pipe.

[0066] After fine adsorption by the ceramic adsorption material in the F1 physical adsorption treatment tank, the turbidity of the water is reduced to 3 NTU. After further treatment by the post-treatment unit, the qualified water is returned to the liquid-cooled secondary side water circulation system. Once the turbidity meets the standard, the electronic control unit automatically switches to the second treatment path, where the water is treated only by the post-treatment unit.

[0067] Example 5: Handling Multiple Exceeding Standards

[0068] After setting the parameters according to the indicators in Example 3, the water quality monitoring sensor group detected that the influent hardness was 15 mg / L and the conductivity was 1200 μS / cm, both of which exceeded the preset standard values. The pH value was 6.8 and the turbidity was 4 NTU, which met the standard. The influent temperature was 30℃.

[0069] The electronic control unit determines that multiple indicators such as hardness and conductivity exceed the standard, and automatically sends control signals: open the first electric valve M1, the interfaces 23-1 and 23-2 of the three-way valve M2, the interfaces 24-1 and 24-3 of the three-way valve M4, and the interfaces 25-2 and 25-3 of the three-way valve M5; close the interface 23-3 of the three-way valve M2, the interface 24-2 of the three-way valve M4, and the interface 25-1 of the three-way valve M5; and keep the bypass valve M3 closed.

[0070] After entering the device through the inlet pipe, the water flows sequentially through the circulation pump and the first electric valve M1, and then through the first three-way electric valve M2 into the F2 hardness treatment tank to remove calcium and magnesium ions from the water to reduce hardness. The treated water then enters the F3 cation reaction tank to adsorb and remove cationic impurities and heavy metals from the water. Subsequently, the water flows through the third three-way electric valve M5 and sequentially enters the post-treatment unit. After completing the water purification, the water flows out from the device's outlet pipe.

[0071] After the hardness is removed by the F2 hardness treatment tank and the cations are removed by the F3 cation reaction tank, the water hardness is reduced to 8 mg / L and the conductivity is reduced to 900 μS / cm. After further treatment by the post-treatment unit, the qualified water is returned to the liquid-cooled secondary side water circulation system.

[0072] Example 6: Bypass Protection Condition

[0073] After setting the parameters according to the indicators in Example 3, the water quality monitoring sensor group detected that the inlet water temperature was 65°C and that the temperature lasted for 3 minutes or more.

[0074] The electronic control unit immediately triggers the bypass protection logic and automatically sends control signals: open the bypass valve M3, close the first electric valve M1 and the interfaces of all three-way valves, and stop the circulation pump.

[0075] Water enters the device through the inlet pipe, passes through the M3 bypass electric valve, and flows out through the outlet pipe without passing through any water treatment tank. This operation avoids damage to the specialized water treatment materials inside the tank from high-temperature water, improving the reliability and service life of the equipment. When the inlet water temperature drops below 60℃ and remains below that for 3 minutes, the electrical control unit automatically closes the bypass valve M3, restarts the circulation pump, and resumes real-time water quality monitoring and fine treatment.

[0076] Compared to existing technologies, this invention offers significant advantages: First, the combined design of a dedicated pre-treatment unit and a comprehensive post-treatment unit, coupled with multi-path switching control, achieves refined treatment, ensuring efficient purification of water exceeding standards while avoiding material waste during the treatment of water meeting standards, thus significantly reducing operating costs. Second, the pre-treatment unit employs a parallel design of four dedicated treatment tanks, enabling targeted treatment of different exceeding indicators. Multiple tanks operating simultaneously can remove multiple exceeding indicators concurrently, resulting in high efficiency and strong targeting, solving the problems of existing technologies' single treatment method and difficulty in adapting to complex water quality conditions. Third, each treatment tank is filled with specialized compatible materials, balancing treatment effectiveness and economy. Refined control extends the material's lifespan, further reducing operating costs. Finally, the integrated, closed design, combined with a comprehensive monitoring and protection mechanism, enhances the equipment's stability, safety, and ease of operation, fully adapting to the various treatment needs of data center liquid-cooled secondary water.

[0077] Example 7: Performance Testing

[0078] This device was applied to the secondary side of the liquid cooling system in a data center. The standard values ​​were set as follows: hardness ≤10 mg / L, turbidity ≤5 NTU, conductivity ≤1000 μS / cm, pH value 6.5-7.5, and water temperature protection threshold of 60℃ for 3 minutes. The device operated for 6 months.

[0079] The device operation log shows that the device can automatically switch paths according to changes in water quality. Specifically, the operating time of the pretreatment unit tank F2 is only 30% of the total operating time, F1 20%, F3 15%, and F4 10%, while in traditional fixed-process devices all tanks operate continuously, significantly reducing material consumption. The effluent water quality remains consistently compliant, and no decrease in heat exchange efficiency due to water quality issues has occurred. No special maintenance is required during operation, and the maintenance workload is significantly reduced compared to traditional methods. These results demonstrate that the present invention achieves its intended purpose and has significant practical value.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, several adjustments and improvements can be made according to the technical solution of the present invention, and these should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart and refined treatment device for liquid-cooled secondary water in a data center, characterized in that, include: Inlet pipe, outlet pipe, circulating pump, multiple functional water treatment units, multiple controllable valves, monitoring sensor group, piping system and electrical control unit; The multiple functional water treatment units include a pre-treatment unit and a post-treatment unit, which are composed of multiple treatment tanks with different treatment functions. The treatment tanks in the pre-treatment unit are used to treat the corresponding types of water quality exceeding the standard detected by the monitoring sensor group; the treatment tanks in the post-treatment unit are used to perform multi-stage purification of the water. The monitoring sensor group is installed on the inlet pipe and / or outlet pipe of the device and is used to monitor in real time indicators including at least turbidity, hardness, conductivity, pH, temperature and pressure. The multiple controllable valves are connected to the inlet pipe, circulation pump, pretreatment unit, posttreatment unit and outlet pipe through the pipeline system to form a switchable flow path; The electronic control unit is electrically connected to the monitoring sensor group and each controllable valve, and is configured to: receive real-time monitoring data from the monitoring sensor group, compare the monitoring data with preset water quality standard values ​​and preset thresholds, determine whether there are water quality indicators exceeding the standards, the type of exceeding the standards, and whether the water temperature exceeds the preset thresholds, and automatically control the on / off state of the multiple controllable valves according to the judgment results to form different water flow paths; The different water flow paths include at least the following: a first treatment path, in which the water flowing through the inlet pipe, after passing through the circulation pump, selectively flows through one or more pre-treatment unit tanks corresponding to the exceeding indicators, then flows through the post-treatment unit, and is then discharged from the outlet pipe; a second treatment path, in which the water flowing through the inlet pipe, after passing through the circulation pump, does not flow through any of the aforementioned pre-treatment unit tanks, but only flows through the post-treatment unit, and is then discharged from the outlet pipe; and a third protection path, in which the water flowing through the inlet pipe is directly discharged from the outlet pipe through a bypass pipe, without flowing through any functional water treatment unit.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment unit includes four treatment tanks: a physical adsorption treatment tank for treating excessive turbidity, a hardness treatment tank for treating excessive hardness, a cation exchange tank for treating excessive conductivity, and an anion exchange tank for treating excessive pH. The posttreatment unit includes four treatment tanks: a physical adsorption tank for pretreatment, a micron-level filtration tank for removing micron-sized impurities from the water, a microbial reaction tank for controlling microorganisms, and a polishing mixed-bed resin tank for improving water purity.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple controllable valves include a first electric valve, a bypass electric valve, and multiple three-way electric valves; the specific connection method of the pipeline system is as follows: the inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the pretreatment unit via the circulation pump and the first electric valve; the inlet and outlet of each treatment tank in the pretreatment unit are connected via the multiple three-way electric valves to form selectable parallel or series flow paths, which are then connected to the inlet of the posttreatment unit; the treatment tanks of the posttreatment unit are connected in series, and their outlets are connected to the outlet pipe; the inlet pipe is also directly connected to the outlet pipe via the bypass electric valve.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic control unit is configured to control the device to switch to the first processing path corresponding to the type of water quality index exceeding the standard when any water quality index detected by the monitoring sensor group exceeds the standard; to control the device to switch to the second processing path when all detected water quality indexes meet the standard; and to control the device to switch to the third protection path when the inlet water temperature is detected to be higher than a preset threshold and continues for a preset time, or when a device fault signal is received.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a closed equipment frame, in which the multiple functional water treatment units, circulating pumps, controllable valves and electrical control units are integrated and fixed; the equipment frame is provided with a display and operation interface that is electrically connected to the electrical control unit.

6. A method for treating liquid-cooled secondary water in a data center using the apparatus described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Real-time monitoring: Connect the device to the liquid-cooled secondary water circulation system, use the monitoring sensor group to collect multiple indicators of the water body in real time, and transmit them to the electronic control unit. S2. Operating condition judgment: The received water body index data is compared with the preset standard value and preset threshold by the electronic control unit to determine whether there are any indicators exceeding the standard, and to identify whether the type of exceeding the standard is a single indicator exceeding the standard or multiple indicators exceeding the standard. S3. Path switching: The electronic control unit automatically controls the opening and closing of multiple controllable valves based on the working condition judgment result, so as to switch the water flow path to the first treatment path corresponding to the type of exceeding index, or the second treatment path corresponding to the water quality meeting the standard, or switch to the third protection path when the water temperature exceeds the preset threshold or the equipment fails. S4. Dynamic Cyclic Control: During the operation of the device, the electronic control unit continuously and dynamically adjusts the on / off state of the controllable valve based on real-time monitoring data.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, when it is determined that a single indicator exceeds the standard, the first processing path formed by the electronic control unit is to make the water flow only through the pre-treatment unit tank corresponding to the indicator that exceeds the standard, and then flow through the post-treatment unit.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, when it is determined that multiple indicators exceed the standard, the first processing path controlled by the electronic control unit is to make the water flow sequentially through the pre-treatment unit tank corresponding to all the indicators that exceed the standard, and then flow through the post-treatment unit.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preset water quality standard value is set according to the usage requirements of liquid cooling secondary water in data centers; the preset threshold is when the inlet water temperature is higher than the upper limit of the tolerance temperature of the functional materials of the water treatment unit for a period of time.

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