Fire alarm mycelium material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a fire alarm mycelium material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fire alarm materials, and the fire alarm mycelium material comprises hemp stalks, ganoderma lucidum, ethanethiol and the like. The preparation method of the mycelium material comprises the following steps: carrying out mixed culture on a hemp stalk culture material and ganoderma lucidum; dissolving polyvinyl alcohol and lauryl sodium sulfate in deionized water; adding ethanethiol and polymethyl methacrylate into an organic solvent; dropwise adding the water phase into the oil phase, and emulsifying to obtain ethanethiol microcapsules; and mixing the pure mycelium material with ethanethiol microcapsules, culturing, and demolding to obtain the fire alarm mycelium material. According to the invention, intrinsic integration of a material structure and an early warning function is realized through a mycelium biological assembly and microcapsule embedding and fixing technology, so that the material becomes a sensing unit. According to the material, rapid and active fire early warning without external energy is realized by utilizing the temperature-triggered fracture characteristic of the microcapsules and the extremely low odor threshold value of ethanethiol.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fire alarm materials technology, specifically relating to a fire alarm mycelium material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional fire alarm systems primarily rely on smoke and light detection technologies for fire detection. However, both methods have significant limitations: smoke alarms require waiting for smoke to reach the detector before triggering, resulting in a delayed response to rapidly spreading open flames or fires producing very little smoke; furthermore, they have a high false alarm rate, easily triggered by common environmental factors such as cooking fumes and steam, which can even cause users to manually disable the alarm system, creating serious safety hazards. Light alarms, on the other hand, rely on detectors capturing ultraviolet or infrared radiation from flames, making them ineffective at identifying smoldering fires or fires obscured by obstacles, and are susceptible to interference from sources such as welding and lightning, leading to false alarms.

[0003] Currently, fire alarm technology is continuously evolving towards "earlier, more accurate, and smarter" capabilities. In the field of traditional sensors, the refinement of photoelectric and temperature sensors has become a key focus. By optimizing the optical labyrinth structure and improving the accuracy of thermal elements, smoke detection capabilities and system reliability have been significantly enhanced. Multi-sensor fusion technology has become the industry mainstream, integrating smoke, temperature, and gas sensing units into a single device. Intelligent algorithms enable cross-verification of multi-source information, greatly improving the accuracy of fire identification and the ability to determine fire type. At the forefront of research, gas sensing technology aims to capture the characteristic gases produced in the very early stages of a fire, while computer vision-based intelligent analysis technology expands the dimensions of fire perception through real-time analysis of flame spectra and smoke dynamics.

[0004] However, the existing technology system has inherent limitations: fire detection always relies on external independent sensors, while the building materials themselves remain "silent." This structural and functional separation restricts the breakthrough development of fire early warning towards essentialization and distribution.

[0005] Existing research similar to "fire alarm microcapsule mycelial materials" mainly revolves around "intrinsic intelligent early warning materials," specifically manifested in three technical approaches: Thermochromic flame retardant materials achieve temperature-triggered color changes by introducing thermoresponsive microcapsules into the matrix, enabling post-fire analysis. However, this "passive indication" characteristic limits its ability to provide early warnings, confining its function to post-disaster assessment.

[0006] Conductive polymer composite materials utilize the conductive network formed by fillers and its positive temperature effect to achieve fire alarm through abrupt changes in resistance. Although this overcomes the limitations of passive warning, the unsustainability of petroleum-based materials, the complexity of filler dispersion processes, and long-term reliability issues restrict its practical application prospects.

[0007] Intelligent fire-retardant coatings attempt to integrate sensing functions into traditional expansion systems, aiming for both protection and early warning effects. However, the nature of the outer coating makes it difficult to achieve a fundamental integration with structural materials, and system complexity and durability remain unresolved challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a fire alarm mycelium material, its preparation method and application, to solve the technical problem that existing fire early warning materials are slow to respond due to reliance on fire by-products, and are disconnected from the building body as an external functional layer, thus failing to achieve ultra-early and essential intelligent early warning.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a fire alarm mycelium material, its preparation method and application. The fire alarm mycelium material includes hemp stalks, Ganoderma lucidum, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, ethanethiol, polymethyl methacrylate and organic solvents.

[0010] A method for preparing the fire alarm mycelium material of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Take hemp stalks and pre-treat them to obtain hemp stalk culture medium; S2. Mix the hemp stalk culture medium with Ganoderma lucidum using the wrapping method, put it into a sterilized plastic bag for cultivation, and obtain pure mycelial material; S3. Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol and sodium dodecyl sulfate in deionized water to obtain an aqueous phase; S4. Add ethanethiol and polymethyl methacrylate to an organic solvent and mix thoroughly to form an oil phase; S5. The aqueous phase is added dropwise to the oil phase and stirred using a homogenizer to form an O / W emulsion. After emulsification, the emulsion is purified by filtration, washed with deionized water, and dried to obtain ethanethiol microcapsules. S6. Mix pure mycelial material and ethanethiol microcapsules at a mass ratio of 9:1-2, fill the mold, and incubate in a constant temperature and humidity incubator to form a three-dimensional network structure to fix the mixture. After demolding, continue to incubate to enhance the mycelial cross-linking density. After drying, the fire alarm mycelial material is obtained.

[0011] Preferably, the moisture content of the hemp stalk culture medium in S1 is 60%-65% and the pH value is 6-7.

[0012] Preferably, in step S2, the inoculum amount of Ganoderma lucidum using hemp stalk culture medium is 0.01-0.04 g / cm³.3 .

[0013] Preferably, the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and deionized water in S3 is 3:4:400.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of ethanethiol to polymethyl methacrylate in S4 is 4.5-5.5:1.

[0015] Preferably, the organic solvent in S4 is dichloromethane.

[0016] Preferably, the stirring speed in S5 is 2500-3000 rpm.

[0017] Preferably, the temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator described in S6 is 25-27℃ and the relative humidity is 45%.

[0018] This invention represents a fundamental breakthrough in alarm mechanisms, constructing an active olfactory early warning system based on the intrinsic response of the material. When the ambient temperature rises to a preset critical point of 300°C, the functional microcapsule shells inside the material intelligently rupture, rapidly releasing the encapsulated ethanethiol warning agent. The strong characteristic odor produced by this substance can be directly perceived by the human sense of smell, thus achieving immediate and proactive early warning of fires. In terms of material properties, this invention uses a fully bio-based mycelium as a matrix, fundamentally abandoning the traditional petroleum-based approach and ensuring the material's environmental friendliness and biodegradability at its source. In terms of system architecture, this invention overturns the traditional model relying on independent external sensors, making the structural material itself a sensing and alarm unit, constructing a ubiquitous biomimetic distributed sensing network.

[0019] This invention achieves an integrated intelligent structure where the material itself is an alarm device through a precise combination of bioculture and microencapsulation technology. First, a "pure mycelial structural framework" and "ethanethiol microcapsule functional units" are prepared independently. Then, through secondary bioculture, the mycelium grows and weaves within a mold, actively encapsulating and anchoring the microcapsules within its three-dimensional network. This ensures that the microcapsules exist uniformly and stably within the material, rather than simply attaching. The final material is an organic whole: the mycelium forms a robust, porous bio-based framework, with the microcapsules deeply embedded within as "intelligent organs" for sensing and response. The material itself is the sensing-alarm unit, requiring no external sensors.

[0020] Microcapsules are precisely prepared using an O / W emulsion-solvent evaporation method. The thickness of the wall material (polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA) and its glass transition temperature determine the critical point for capsule rupture (preset to 300℃ in this invention). Ethyl mercaptan is chosen as the core material due to its extremely low odor threshold. When the ambient temperature reaches the preset critical point, the physical change in the PMMA shell—softening and rupture—triggers the rapid release of ethyl mercaptan. This achieves an intrinsic, automatic response from "heat sensing" to "chemical signal release," providing an early warning system independent of open flames or smoke, and the signal (strong odor) is directly perceptible to humans, making it extremely direct and efficient.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects; First, a material with integrated structure and function was created through the preparation method of "mycelial bioassembly" and "microcapsule embedding and fixation".

[0022] Traditional early warning systems require additional sensors, while this invention first prepares pure mycelial framework and ethanethiol microcapsules separately, then uses a secondary isothermal and humidity-controlled culture process to drive the mycelial network to grow, encapsulate, and firmly lock the microcapsules within their three-dimensional structure. This ensures that the material is an inseparable organic whole from the very beginning: the mycelium provides mechanical support, and the microcapsules, as "sensing organs," are deeply embedded within, making the material itself a unit for sensing and alarm.

[0023] Second, by utilizing the intrinsic property of microcapsules' "temperature-triggered rupture" and the chemical property of ethanethiol's "extremely low odor threshold," active and rapid early warning of the material is achieved.

[0024] In the fabrication process, the thermal response threshold (300℃) of the microcapsule was precisely set by controlling the ratio of the wall material (PMMA) to the core material (ethanethiol) and the manufacturing process. When the environment reaches this temperature, the microcapsule shell softens and ruptures in a material-scientific sense, and this physical change directly triggers the instantaneous release of the internal ethanethiol. This achieves an autonomous and intrinsic response from "temperature sensing" to "releasing an alarm signal," eliminating the need for external energy or complex circuits for early warning. Furthermore, the released ethanethiol, due to its extremely strong odor, can be directly detected by humans, resulting in a direct and efficient response.

[0025] Third, the fully bio-based preparation pathway based on "agricultural waste conversion" and "low-temperature mycelial culture" endows the material with excellent environmental protection and sustainability characteristics.

[0026] From preparing the culture medium from hemp stalks to forming the composite material matrix through low-temperature growth of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium, the entire preparation process is characterized by mild conditions and low energy consumption, with the core driving force being the natural growth of microorganisms. The resulting material's matrix is ​​a fully biodegradable mycelial biopolymer, fundamentally avoiding the resource consumption and waste disposal problems of traditional petroleum-based functional materials, and achieving a unity of intelligent functionality and green sustainability. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 Here is a SEM image of the ethanethiol microcapsules prepared in Example 1; Figure 2 SEM image of the fire alarm mycelium material prepared in Example 1; Figure 3 Fourier transform infrared spectra of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), ethanethiol, and the ethanethiol microcapsule material prepared in Example 1; Figure 4 XRD patterns of PMMA and ethanethiol microcapsules; Figure 5 TG curves for ethanethiol, ethanethiol microcapsules, pure mycelial materials, and fire alarm mycelial materials; Figure 6 The image shows the leak-proof performance test results of the ethanethiol microcapsules prepared in Example 1. Figure 7 The image shows the contact angle test results of the pure mycelial material and the fire alarm mycelial material prepared in Example 1. Figure 8 The graph shows the measurement results of the ethanethiol concentration released from the ethanethiol microcapsules prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3. Figure 9 The graph shows the measurement results of the ethanethiol concentration released by the fire alarm mycelial materials prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The polyvinyl alcohol used in the specific embodiment is type 1788, and the average molecular weight of polymethyl methacrylate is 100,000.

[0030] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for preparing fire alarm mycelium material, including the following steps: S1. Crush the hemp stalks into small pieces (to increase the contact area) to obtain hemp stalk powder, and soak and soften it to obtain a hemp stalk culture medium with a moisture content of 65% and a pH value of 7, so as to adapt to the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. S2. Sterilize the hemp stalk culture medium at 121℃ and 0.1MPa for 1 hour, then mix it with Ganoderma lucidum mycelium using a wrapping method, place it in a sterilized plastic bag, and incubate it at 25℃ and 64%RH for 20 days to allow the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to fully adhere to the hemp stalk culture medium. Store it at around 5℃ to obtain pure mycelial material. The inoculum amount of Ganoderma lucidum using the hemp stalk culture medium as the substrate is 0.02g / cm³. 3 ; S3. Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol in deionized water at 80℃ and 300rpm with stirring, then add sodium dodecyl sulfate and mix well to obtain an aqueous phase. The mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate and deionized water is 3:4:400. S4. Add ethanethiol and polymethyl methacrylate to dichloromethane, with a mass ratio of ethanethiol to polymethyl methacrylate of 5:1, and mix thoroughly to form an oil phase. The ratio of dichloromethane to PMMA is 2 ml: 0.2 g. S5. The aqueous phase was added dropwise to the oil phase, with a total mass of 7.73 for both phases. The mixture was homogenized at 3000 rpm for 30 min at room temperature to form an O / W emulsion. The mixture was then stirred at 50°C and 300 rpm for 12 h. After emulsification, the mixture was filtered, purified, and washed with deionized water. After drying at room temperature for 24 h, ethanethiol microcapsules were obtained. The SEM image is shown below. Figure 1 ; S6. Mix pure mycelial material and ethanethiol microcapsules at a mass ratio of 9:1, fill the mold, and incubate for 4 days in a constant temperature and humidity incubator at 27℃ and 45% relative humidity to allow the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow fully and form a three-dimensional network structure to fix the mixture. After demolding, continue to incubate the nascent material under the same environmental conditions for 3 days to enhance the mycelial cross-linking density. Then, transfer it to an 80℃ oven to dry for 5 hours to terminate growth and remove free water to form a plate, obtaining the fire alarm mycelial material. Its microstructure is shown in the figure below. Figure 2 .

[0031] observe Figure 1 The microcapsules are mainly spherical with particle sizes concentrated in the micrometer range, exhibiting a certain degree of size dispersion, which is consistent with the typical preparation characteristics of microcapsules. Some particles show slight depressions or pores on their surface, which may be structural residues from the core material encapsulation process or shrinkage caused by solvent evaporation during drying. The overall morphology is regular and there is no obvious agglomeration, indicating that the microcapsule preparation process has relatively stable morphology control. Figure 2 The mycelium contains a large number of fibrous / filamentous hyphae, with spherical microcapsules attached to the fibrous network of the hyphae. Some microcapsules are wrapped and supported by the hyphae, and there is no obvious interface separation between the microcapsules and the hyphae, indicating that the two have achieved good physical composite.

[0032] Fourier transform infrared spectra of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), ethanethiol, and ethanethiol microcapsule materials, such as Figure 3PMMA at 2946cm -1 This corresponds to the CH stretching vibration at 1724 cm. -1 The C=O stretching vibration is present at 1141 cm⁻¹, a characteristic peak of the ester bond in PMMA. -1 The COC stretching vibration appears at 2550 cm⁻¹, which is a characteristic of ether bonds in ester bonds, while at 2550 cm⁻¹... -1 There is no peak at 2946 cm⁻¹. Ethyl mercaptan has a peak at 2946 -1 This corresponds to the saturated CH stretching vibration, but at 2550cm -1 The characteristic peak of -SH was not clearly shown at the location, which may be due to masking or a weak signal. In the ethanethiol microcapsule material, the CH4 (2946 cm⁻¹) of ethanethiol was also present. -1 ) and weaker -SH (2550cm) -1 ), and PMMA's C=O (1724cm) -1 ), CO (1141cm) -1 This indicates that the microcapsule contains both a core material (ethanethiol) and a wall material (PMMA).

[0033] XRD analysis results of PMMA and ethanethiol microcapsules are as follows: Figure 4 Neither the PMMA nor the ethanethiol microcapsules exhibited sharp diffraction peaks, only broadened "bun-shaped" peaks, a typical characteristic of amorphous materials. PMMA, a typical amorphous polymer, shows broad peaks consistent with its amorphous state. The PMMA-coated ethanethiol microcapsules also exhibited broadened peaks, indicating that the PMMA wall material maintained its amorphous structure, and the encapsulated ethanethiol core material did not form crystals (ethanethiol itself is a small liquid molecule and lacks crystallinity). These characteristics further confirm that the microcapsule wall material is PMMA, and that the encapsulation process did not alter the amorphous properties of PMMA.

[0034] TG curves of ethanethiol, ethanethiol microcapsules, pure mycelial materials, and fire alarm mycelial materials are shown below. Figure 5As shown in the figure, ethanethiol volatilizes rapidly at around 35℃. This is because ethanethiol has a boiling point of 35℃, and it quickly changes from a liquid to a gaseous state. Ethylenethiol microcapsules decompose rapidly in the range of 320-410℃. This is because the wall material PMMA only begins to decompose at 320℃, and the ethanethiol volatilizes rapidly when the microcapsules rupture. This also indicates that the wall material of the microcapsules plays a role in the slow-release of the core material. Pure mycelial material decomposes slowly at 30-225℃ and rapidly at 225-400℃. This is because the surface of the material is covered with a layer of mycelium, which slows down the decomposition of the mycelial material. Fire alarm mycelial material decomposes slowly at 0-250℃ and rapidly at 250-400℃, but not as quickly as the decomposition rate of the mycelium itself. This is because the presence of microcapsules affects the overall quality change, which also demonstrates the good physical composite between the microcapsules and the mycelial material.

[0035] The ethanethiol microcapsules prepared in this example were subjected to a leak-proof performance test. The appearance of the samples was observed in their initial state and after being placed at 5°C for 10 min, 20 min, and 30 min. Figure 6 No liquid leakage was observed, which indicates that the microcapsule wall material effectively encapsulates ethanethiol.

[0036] The pure mycelium material from step S2 and the fire alarm mycelium material from step S6 in this embodiment were dried at 80°C for 4 hours, and a contact angle test was performed. The test results are as follows: Figure 7 The base material of pure mycelial materials is straw, which is hydrophilic and allows water droplets to penetrate into it through capillaries, explaining its high water absorption rate. However, due to the self-growth of fungi, the mycelium forms a dense mycelial membrane on the surface, enhancing the material's hydrophobicity. In contrast, the inclusion of microcapsules in fire alarm mycelial materials affects mycelial growth, resulting in a less dense mycelial coverage. Compared to pure mycelial materials, fire alarm mycelial materials (microcapsule composite mycelial materials) exhibit significantly enhanced hydrophilicity.

[0037] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for preparing fire alarm mycelium material, including the following steps: S1. Crush the hemp stalks into chips and soak them to soften them, so as to obtain a hemp stalk culture medium with a moisture content of 60% and a pH value of 6, which is suitable for the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. S2. Sterilize the hemp stalk culture medium at 121℃ and 0.1MPa for 1 hour, then mix it with Ganoderma lucidum mycelium using a wrapping method, place it in a sterilized plastic bag, and incubate it at 25℃ and 64%RH for 20 days to allow the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to fully adhere to the hemp stalk culture medium. Store it at around 5℃ to obtain pure mycelial material. The inoculum amount of Ganoderma lucidum using the hemp stalk culture medium as the substrate is 0.01g / cm³. 3 ; S3. Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol in deionized water at 80℃ and 300rpm with stirring, then add sodium dodecyl sulfate and mix well to obtain an aqueous phase. The mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate and deionized water is 3:4:400. S4. Add ethanethiol and polymethyl methacrylate to dichloromethane, with a mass ratio of ethanethiol to polymethyl methacrylate of 4.5:1, and mix thoroughly to form an oil phase. The ratio of dichloromethane to PMMA is 2 ml: 0.2 g. S5. The aqueous phase is added dropwise to the oil phase, with a total mass of 7.73 for both phases. The mixture is stirred for 30 minutes at 2500 rpm using a homogenizer at room temperature to form an O / W emulsion. The emulsion is then stirred at 50°C and 300 rpm for 12 hours. After emulsification, the mixture is filtered, purified, and washed with deionized water. After drying at room temperature for 24 hours, ethanethiol microcapsules are obtained. S6. Mix pure mycelial material and ethanethiol microcapsules at a mass ratio of 9:2, fill the mold, and incubate for 4 days in a constant temperature and humidity incubator at 25℃ and 45% relative humidity to allow the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow fully and form a three-dimensional network structure to fix the mixture. After demolding, continue to incubate the nascent material under the same environmental conditions for 3 days to enhance the mycelial cross-linking density. Then, transfer it to an 80℃ oven to dry for 5 hours to terminate growth and remove free water to form a plate, thus obtaining the fire alarm mycelial material.

[0038] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for preparing fire alarm mycelium material, including the following steps: S1. Crush the hemp stalks into powder and soak them to soften them, so as to obtain a hemp stalk culture medium with a moisture content of 63% and a pH value of 6.5, which is suitable for the growth of Ganoderma lucidum. S2. Sterilize the hemp stalk culture medium at 121℃ and 0.1MPa for 1 hour, then mix it with Ganoderma lucidum mycelium using a wrapping method, place it in a sterilized plastic bag, and incubate it at 25℃ and 64%RH for 20 days to allow the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to fully adhere to the hemp stalk culture medium. Store it at around 5℃ to obtain pure mycelial material. The inoculum amount of Ganoderma lucidum using the hemp stalk culture medium as the substrate is 0.04g / cm³. 3 ; S3. Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol in deionized water at 80℃ and 300rpm with stirring, then add sodium dodecyl sulfate and mix well to obtain an aqueous phase. The mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate and deionized water is 3:4:400. S4. Add ethanethiol and polymethyl methacrylate to dichloromethane, with a mass ratio of ethanethiol to polymethyl methacrylate of 5.5:1, and mix thoroughly to form an oil phase. The ratio of dichloromethane to PMMA is 2 ml: 0.2 g. S5. The aqueous phase is added dropwise to the oil phase, with a total mass of 7.73 for both the aqueous and oil phases. The mixture is stirred for 30 minutes at 2700 rpm using a homogenizer at room temperature to form an O / W emulsion. The emulsion is then stirred at 50°C and 300 rpm for 12 hours. After emulsification, the mixture is filtered, purified, and washed with deionized water. After drying at room temperature for 24 hours, ethanethiol microcapsules are obtained. S6. Mix pure mycelial material and ethanethiol microcapsules at a mass ratio of 9:1.5, fill the mold, and incubate for 4 days in a constant temperature and humidity incubator at 26℃ and 45% relative humidity to allow the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium to grow fully and form a three-dimensional network structure to fix the mixture. After demolding, continue to incubate the nascent material under the same environmental conditions for 3 days to enhance the mycelial cross-linking density. Then, transfer it to an 80℃ oven to dry for 5 hours to terminate growth and remove free water to form a plate, thus obtaining the fire alarm mycelial material.

[0039] Comparative Example 1 S1. Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol in deionized water at 80℃ and 300rpm with stirring, then add sodium dodecyl sulfate and mix well to obtain an aqueous phase. The mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate and deionized water is 3:4:400. S2. Add ethanethiol and polymethyl methacrylate to dichloromethane, with a mass ratio of ethanethiol to polymethyl methacrylate of 4:1, and mix thoroughly to form an oil phase. S3. The aqueous phase is added dropwise to the oil phase, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes at 2500 rpm using a homogenizer at room temperature to form an O / W emulsion. The emulsion is stirred at 50°C and 300 rpm for 12 hours. After emulsification, the mixture is filtered and purified, washed with deionized water, and dried at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain ethanethiol microcapsules.

[0040] Comparative Example 2 S1. Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol in deionized water at 80℃ and 300rpm with stirring, then add sodium dodecyl sulfate and mix well to obtain an aqueous phase. The mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate and deionized water is 3:4:400. S2. Add ethanethiol and polymethyl methacrylate to dichloromethane, with a mass ratio of ethanethiol to polymethyl methacrylate of 6:1, and mix thoroughly to form an oil phase. S3. The aqueous phase is added dropwise to the oil phase, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes at 2500 rpm using a homogenizer at room temperature to form an O / W emulsion. The emulsion is stirred at 50°C and 300 rpm for 12 hours. After emulsification, the mixture is filtered and purified, washed with deionized water, and dried at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain ethanethiol microcapsules.

[0041] The concentration of ethanethiol released from the ethanethiol microcapsules prepared in Example 1 (mass ratio of ethanethiol to polymethyl methacrylate 5:1), Comparative Example 1 (mass ratio of ethanethiol to polymethyl methacrylate 4:1), and Comparative Example 2 (mass ratio of ethanethiol to polymethyl methacrylate 6:1) was measured at 110°C on a heating stage. The measurement results are as follows: Figure 8 The concentration of ethanethiol released by the ethanethiol microcapsules in Comparative Example 1 was below the human olfactory threshold (0.00019 mg / L), while that in Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 was above this threshold, but the concentration in Comparative Example 2 was too high.

[0042] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example is the same as Example 1, except that in this comparative example, the mass of the ethanethiol microcapsules in S6 accounts for 5% of the total mass of the pure mycelial material and the ethanethiol microcapsules.

[0043] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example is the same as Example 1, except that in this comparative example, the mass of the ethanethiol microcapsules in S6 accounts for 15% of the total mass of the pure mycelial material and the ethanethiol microcapsules.

[0044] The concentration of ethanethiol released from the fire alarm mycelial materials (microcapsule composite mycelial materials) prepared in Examples 1 and 3 and 4 at 110°C was measured. The measurement results are as follows: Figure 9 The ethanethiol release concentrations of the microcapsule composite mycelial materials in Comparative Example 3, Example 1, and Comparative Example 4 were 0.00006 mg / L, 0.00027 mg / L, and 0.00084 mg / L, respectively. Therefore, the optimal sample of microcapsule composite mycelial material was when the amount of microcapsules added was 10%.

[0045] When the ambient temperature rises to a preset critical point, the functional microcapsule shell inside the material will intelligently rupture, rapidly releasing the encapsulated ethanethiol warning agent. The strong, characteristic odor produced by this substance can be directly perceived by the human sense of smell, thus enabling immediate and proactive early warning of fires.

[0046] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. The scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fire alarm mycelial material, characterized in that, Including hemp stalks, Ganoderma lucidum fungus, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium lauryl sulfate, ethanethiol, polymethyl methacrylate, and organic solvents.

2. A method for preparing the fire alarm mycelium material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Take hemp stalks and pre-treat them to obtain hemp stalk culture medium; S2. Mix the hemp stalk culture medium with Ganoderma lucidum using the wrapping method, put it into a sterilized plastic bag for cultivation, and obtain pure mycelial material; S3. Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol and sodium dodecyl sulfate in deionized water to obtain an aqueous phase; S4. Add ethanethiol and polymethyl methacrylate to an organic solvent and mix thoroughly to form an oil phase; S5. The aqueous phase is added dropwise to the oil phase and stirred using a homogenizer to form an O / W emulsion. After emulsification, the emulsion is purified by filtration, washed with deionized water, and dried to obtain ethanethiol microcapsules. S6. Mix pure mycelial material and ethanethiol microcapsules at a mass ratio of 9:1-2, fill the mold, and incubate in a constant temperature and humidity incubator to form a three-dimensional network structure to fix the mixture. After demolding, continue to incubate to enhance the mycelial cross-linking density. After drying, the fire alarm mycelial material is obtained.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hemp stalk culture medium described in S1 has a moisture content of 60%-65% and a pH value of 6-7.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S2, the inoculum amount of Ganoderma lucidum using hemp straw culture medium is 0.01-0.04 g / cm³. 3 .

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and deionized water in S3 is 3:4:

400.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of ethanethiol to polymethyl methacrylate in S4 is 4.5-5.5:

1.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The organic solvent mentioned in S4 is dichloromethane.

8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stirring speed described in S5 is 2500-3000 rpm.

9. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature in the constant temperature and humidity incubator described in S6 is 25-27℃, and the relative humidity is 45%.

10. The application of the fire alarm mycelium material as described in claim 1 in the field of self-reactive fire alarm.

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