Solid waste treatment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid waste treatment device which comprises an incinerator for recycling solid waste, a crushing primary screening assembly and a secondary screening assembly are arranged on one side of a feeding port of the incinerator, a waste gas reaction tower is arranged at the top end of the incinerator, and a dust removal box is arranged at the end, away from the incinerator, of the waste gas reaction tower. And a hot gas recycling assembly is arranged between the dust removal box and the secondary screening assembly. Through two-stage treatment of the crushing primary screening assembly and the secondary screening assembly, solid waste is crushed to proper particle size, then dust impurities and glass metal powder are removed through vibration screening, it is ensured that the size of materials entering the incinerator is uniform, the problems that in a traditional device, large materials are not thoroughly incinerated, and consumed time is long are solved, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved. The incineration efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a solid waste treatment device, specifically a solid waste treatment device, and belongs to the field of solid waste treatment technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the significant increase in the production of urban solid waste, the contradiction between urban waste and land use has become increasingly prominent. More and more urban waste, mining waste, and industrial slag are encroaching on more and more land. Incineration technology refers to the technology of fully oxidizing and decomposing the combustible components in solid waste in an incinerator, thereby turning them into inorganic residues. This process not only reduces and renders solid waste harmless, but also generates heat for power generation and heating, thus initially realizing the resource utilization of solid waste.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese patent CN114459037A, which discloses a solid waste treatment device. Through the coordinated operation of multiple components, it achieves efficient dismantling of compacted solid waste. Furthermore, because the compacted solid waste has a very low moisture content, it reduces the incineration time and ensures thorough combustion, increasing the daily incineration capacity of the incinerator, reducing its energy consumption, and improving the treatment efficiency of urban solid waste. However, when processing large quantities of solid waste, the compaction and dismantling process is cumbersome and inconvenient. Additionally, some urban solid waste is construction waste; if it is not crushed before incineration, it will lead to excessively long incineration times and wasted resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solid waste treatment device in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned objective through the following technical solution: a solid waste treatment device, comprising an incinerator for recycling and treating solid waste, wherein a crushing and primary screening component and a secondary screening component are provided on one side of the feed inlet of the incinerator, a waste gas reaction tower is provided at the top of the incinerator, a dust collection box is provided at the end of the waste gas reaction tower away from the incinerator, and a hot gas reuse component is provided between the dust collection box and the secondary screening component;

[0006] The secondary screening assembly consists of a screening plate and a reciprocating beater plate. The screening plate is located at the feed inlet of the incinerator. Extension plates are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the screening plate. The reciprocating beater plate is located between the two extension plates. A gear assembly is provided at one end of the reciprocating beater plate. The gear assembly consists of two opposing bevel gears with a notched gear between them. When the notched gear rotates, it meshes with the upper and lower bevel gears in sequence to realize the reciprocating operation of the reciprocating beater plate. When the screening plate is beaten by the reciprocating beater plate, it generates vibration to screen the solid waste on the screening plate.

[0007] The top of the screening plate on the side away from the incinerator is provided with a crushing and screening component. The crushing and screening component consists of a crushing roller and a screening cylinder. The crushing roller crushes the solid waste in the initial stage, and the crushed solid waste falls into the screening cylinder for preliminary screening.

[0008] The hot gas reuse assembly consists of an insulated tank, a piston rod, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. The bottom end of the bevel gear set is connected to a gear disk, and gear plates are provided on both sides of the gear disk. A piston rod is provided at one opposite end of the two gear plates. An insulated tank is provided at one end of the piston rod. An inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are respectively provided at the end of the insulated tank away from the piston rod. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the dust collector, and the outlet pipe is connected to the bottom box of the screening plate. The inlet pipe recovers and reuses the hot gas after the solid waste is burned to preheat the solid waste before incineration.

[0009] Preferably, the screening plate has side plates on both sides, the reciprocating beater plate has a rotating rod at the end away from the extension plate, the rotating rod has a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear at the top and bottom respectively, a notched gear is provided between the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, and a rotating motor is provided at the end of the notched gear away from the rotating rod.

[0010] Preferably, the reciprocating striking plate has a connecting rod at the bottom end of the side near the first bevel gear, the bottom end of the connecting rod has a disc, and the bottom end of the disc has a gear disk.

[0011] Preferably, the center of the disk corresponds to the center of the gear disk, the radius of the gear disk is larger than the radius of the disk, and the connecting rod is disposed on one side of the center of the disk.

[0012] Preferably, a fixing block is provided on the side of the gear plate away from the gear disk, a limiting rod is provided between the gear plate and the fixing block, a moving groove is provided on the fixing block at the position of the limiting rod, the two gear plates are staggered, and an electrically controlled valve is provided on both the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the screening plate is provided with a feeding hopper, the top of the feeding hopper is provided with two crushing rollers, one end of the crushing rollers is provided with a crushing drive motor, one end of the screening cylinder is provided with a transmission rod, and one of the crushing drive motors is provided with a transmission belt between its execution end near the crushing roller and the transmission rod.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom end of the screening cylinder is provided with an intercepting net, and both the intercepting net and the screening cylinder are arc-shaped. The outer radius of the screening cylinder is the same as the inner radius of the intercepting net.

[0015] Preferably, the mesh size of the screening cylinder is the same as that of the intercepting net, and the mesh size of the screening cylinder is larger than that of the screening plate.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the incinerator is provided with an incineration conveyor belt, and the output end of the incineration conveyor belt is provided with a slag recovery conveyor belt.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. Through two-stage processing of primary crushing and screening components and secondary screening components, solid waste is first crushed to a suitable particle size, and then dust, impurities and glass and metal fragments are removed by vibrating screening, ensuring that the material entering the incinerator is of uniform size, solving the problems of incomplete combustion and long time consumption of large materials in traditional devices, and improving incineration efficiency.

[0019] 2. A hot gas recycling component is installed to recover the residual heat in the exhaust gas after incineration. The heat is then transported to the bottom of the screening plate through the inlet pipe, the insulation tank, and the outlet pipe to preheat the solid waste before incineration. This not only reduces the energy consumption of incineration but also realizes the recycling of energy, which meets environmental protection requirements.

[0020] 3. The waste gas generated by incineration is treated by the waste gas reaction tower and then purified by adsorption through the activated carbon layer in the dust removal box. The final discharged air meets environmental protection standards and reduces air pollution.

[0021] 4. The gear assembly, piston rod, gear disk and other structures are linked, so that the vibrating screening action of the reciprocating beater plate and the heat recovery and exhaust action are synchronized, without the need for an additional power source, simplifying the device structure and reducing operating costs.

[0022] 5. Through the coordination of the feeding hopper, conveyor belt, push plate, incineration conveyor belt and slag recycling conveyor belt, the entire process of solid waste transportation from feeding and treatment to incineration and slag recycling is automated, reducing manual intervention and improving processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of a solid waste treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of a solid waste treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a solid waste treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of a solid waste treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 5This is a cross-sectional view of the crushing and primary screening component of a solid waste treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the hot gas reuse component of a solid waste treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Incinerator; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Primary crushing and screening assembly; 301. Crushing roller; 302. Screening cylinder; 303. Interception net; 304. Opening door; 305. Crushing drive motor; 306. Conveyor belt; 307. Drive rod; 4. Secondary screening assembly; 401. Screening plate; 402. Side plate; 403. Extension plate; 404. Reciprocating beater plate; 405. Rotating rod; 406. First bevel gear; 407. Second bevel gear; 408. Notched gear; 409. Rotating motor; 5. 501. Actuating motor; 502. Conveyor belt; 6. Push plate; 6. Hot gas recycling assembly; 601. Fixing block; 602. Insulation tank; 603. Piston rod; 604. Gear plate; 605. Gear disc; 606. Disc; 607. Connecting rod; 608. Positioning rod; 609. Air inlet pipe; 610. Air outlet pipe; 611. Electrically controlled valve; 612. Moving trough; 7. Incineration conveyor belt; 701. Waste recovery conveyor belt; 8. Waste gas reaction tower; 9. Dust collector; 10. Purified air exhaust pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] Reference Figures 1-7 A solid waste treatment device includes an incinerator 1 for recycling solid waste. The incinerator 1 has a crushing and screening component 3 and a secondary screening component 4 on one side of the feed inlet. The top of the incinerator 1 is equipped with a waste gas reaction tower 8. The end of the waste gas reaction tower 8 away from the incinerator 1 is equipped with a dust collection box 9. A hot gas reuse component 6 is provided between the dust collection box 9 and the secondary screening component 4.

[0034] The secondary screening component 4 consists of a screening plate 401 and a reciprocating beater plate 404. The screening plate 401 is located at the feed inlet of the incinerator 1. Extension plates 403 are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the screening plate 1. The reciprocating beater plate 404 is located between the two extension plates 403. A gear assembly is provided at one end of the reciprocating beater plate 404. The gear assembly consists of two opposing bevel gears. A notched gear 408 is provided between the two bevel gears. When the notched gear 408 rotates, it meshes with the upper and lower bevel gears in sequence to realize the reciprocating operation of the reciprocating beater plate 404. When the screening plate 401 is beaten by the reciprocating beater plate 404, it generates vibration to screen the solid waste on the screening plate 401.

[0035] The top of the screening plate 401 on the side away from the incinerator 1 is provided with a crushing and screening component 3. The crushing and screening component 3 consists of a crushing roller 301 and a screening cylinder 302. The crushing roller 301 crushes the solid waste for the first time, and the crushed solid waste falls into the screening cylinder 302 for preliminary screening.

[0036] The hot gas recycling component 6 consists of an insulated tank 602, a piston rod 603, an inlet pipe 609, and an outlet pipe 610. The bottom end of the bevel gear set is connected to a gear 605. Gear plates 604 are provided on both sides of the gear plate 605. The piston rod 603 is provided at the opposite end of the two gear plates 604. The insulated tank 602 is provided at one end of the piston rod 603. The inlet pipe 609 and the outlet pipe 610 are respectively provided at the end of the insulated tank 602 away from the piston rod 603. One end of the inlet pipe 609 is connected to the dust collector 9, and the outlet pipe 610 is connected to the bottom box of the screening plate 401. The inlet pipe 609 recovers and utilizes the hot gas after the solid waste is burned to preheat the solid waste before incineration.

[0037] In this embodiment, it should be noted that when recycling urban solid construction waste, the solid construction waste is first collected together at the recycling station by a garbage truck. When processing the solid construction waste, since there is a lot of waste and the volume is large at the recycling station, the solid waste is directly sent into the feed hopper 2 by a crane.

[0038] Solid waste first enters the feed hopper 2 and passes through two crushing rollers 301. The two crushing rollers 301 rotate in opposite directions, both rotating inward and downward to crush the solid waste. The solid waste crushed by the crushing rollers 301 falls into the screening cylinder 302 for preliminary screening.

[0039] The rotating screen cylinder 302 intercepts crushed materials larger than the hole spacing of the screen cylinder 302, and the solid waste passing through the screen cylinder 302 falls onto the screen plate 401 through the bottom of the feed hopper 2.

[0040] A conveyor belt 501 is provided between the side plates 402 on both sides of the screening plate 401. An actuator motor is provided at one end of the conveyor belt 501. Multiple push plates 502 are provided at equal intervals on the conveyor belt 501. Therefore, when the conveyor belt 501 rotates, the push plates 502 push the garbage falling on the screening plate 401 toward the incineration conveyor belt 7 for incineration.

[0041] The pulverized material falling onto the screening plate 401 contains a large amount of dust. When the pulverized solid waste falls onto the screening plate 401, the rotating motor 409 starts, driving the notched gear 408 to rotate continuously. The notched gear 408 is a bevel gear with only a few teeth. The first bevel gear 406 and the second bevel gear 407 are arranged opposite each other. Therefore, when the bevel teeth of the notched gear 408 mesh with the first bevel gear 406, it drives the rotating rod 405 and the reciprocating beater plate 404 to rotate clockwise. When the bevel teeth of the notched gear 408 mesh with the second bevel gear 407, it drives the rotating rod 405 and the reciprocating beater plate 404 to rotate counterclockwise, realizing the continuous reciprocating rotation of the reciprocating beater plate 404, beating the extension plate 403 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the screening plate 401, causing the screening plate 401 to vibrate, screening the dust, and causing it to fall into the collection box at the bottom end through the mesh of the screening plate 401.

[0042] Solid waste that undergoes two screenings has a stable volume size, allowing for better incineration.

[0043] Incinerator 1 incinerates solid waste. The hot gas carries the waste gas upward into the waste gas reaction tower 8 and dust collector 9 for waste gas purification. Finally, the purified air is discharged into the atmosphere through the purified air exhaust pipe 10 after being adsorbed by multiple activated carbon layers inside the dust collector 9.

[0044] Since the exhaust gas from the incinerator 1 contains heat, this heat can be utilized. The dust collector 9 is connected to the bottom of the screening plate 401 via the inlet pipe 609. The purified air, containing some heat, is then transported to the screening plate 401 via the inlet pipe 609. The middle end of the inlet pipe 609 is connected to the exhaust gas reaction tower 8 via the incineration conveyor belt 7. Therefore, this section of the inlet pipe 609 is preheated by the incinerator 1. Finally, the hot air is transported to the bottom of the screening plate 401, where the solid waste fragments falling onto it are preheated through the mesh of the screening plate 401. This preheating of the solid waste fragments before they enter the incineration conveyor belt 7 improves the combustion efficiency and speed of solid waste, saving resources.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] Unlike Example 1, referring to Figures 1-7This embodiment also has the following further features: side plates 402 are provided on both sides of the screening plate 401, and a rotating rod 405 is provided at the end of the reciprocating beater plate 404 away from the extension plate 403. A first bevel gear 406 and a second bevel gear 407 are respectively provided above and below the rotating rod 405. A notched gear 408 is provided between the first bevel gear 406 and the second bevel gear 407. A rotating motor 409 is provided at the end of the notched gear 408 away from the rotating rod 405.

[0047] A connecting rod 607 is provided at the bottom end of the reciprocating striking plate 404 near the first bevel gear 406. A disc 606 is provided at the bottom end of the connecting rod 607. A gear disc 605 is provided at the bottom end of the disc 606. The center of the disc 606 corresponds to the center of the gear disc 605. The radius of the gear disc 605 is larger than the radius of the disc 606. The connecting rod 607 is located on one side of the center of the disc 606.

[0048] A fixing block 601 is provided on the side of the gear plate 604 away from the gear disk 605. A limiting rod 608 is provided between the gear plate 604 and the fixing block 601. A moving groove 612 is provided on the fixing block 601 at the position of the limiting rod 608. The two gear plates 604 are staggered. Both the air inlet pipe 609 and the air outlet pipe 610 are provided with electrically controlled valves 611.

[0049] In this embodiment, it should be noted that when the rotating motor 409 rotates, it drives the notched gear 408 to rotate, which sequentially passes through the first bevel gear 406 and the second bevel gear 407, driving the reciprocating striking plate 404 to perform a reciprocating operation, striking the extension plates 403 on both sides, thereby vibrating the screening plate 401. The connecting rod 607 set at one end of the reciprocating striking plate 404 performs an arc-shaped reciprocating operation with the reciprocating striking plate 404, driving the disc 606 to rotate, thereby realizing the reciprocating rotation of the gear disc 605 at the bottom of the disc 606. The gear plates 604 meshing with the gear disc 605 on both sides move back and forth. The heat preservation tank 602 has a large volume, and the heat preservation tank 602 and the air inlet pipe Both the outer sides of the 609 and 610 air outlet pipes are equipped with insulation layers. When the piston rod 603 moves to the outside of the insulation tank 602, the electrically controlled valve 611 at the position of the air inlet pipe 609 opens and the electrically controlled valve 611 on the air outlet pipe 610 closes. At this time, preheated air is drawn into the insulation tank 602. When the piston rod 603 moves to the inside of the insulation tank 602 with the gear plate 604, the electrically controlled valve 611 at the position of the air inlet pipe 609 closes and the electrically controlled valve 611 on the air outlet pipe 610 opens. At this time, preheated air is output from the insulation tank 602 to the bottom of the screening plate 401, so that hot air rises from the mesh of the screening plate 401 to preheat the solid waste fragments.

[0050] The top of the reciprocating beater plate 404 is set with a triangular tip, so that during screening, debris and impurities will not accumulate too much at the top of the reciprocating beater plate 404.

[0051] Example 3:

[0052] Reference Figures 1-7 Compared to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, in this embodiment: the top of the screening plate 401 is provided with a feeding hopper 2, the top of the feeding hopper 2 is provided with two crushing rollers 301, one end of the crushing roller 301 is provided with a crushing drive motor 305, one end of the screening cylinder 302 is provided with a transmission rod 307, and one of the crushing drive motors 305 is provided with a transmission belt 306 near the crushing roller 301 and the transmission rod 307.

[0053] The bottom end of the screening cylinder 302 is provided with an intercepting net 303. Both the intercepting net 303 and the screening cylinder 302 are arc-shaped. The outer radius of the screening cylinder 302 is the same as the inner radius of the intercepting net 303. The mesh size of the screening cylinder 302 and the intercepting net 303 is the same. The mesh size of the screening cylinder 302 is larger than the mesh size of the screening plate 401.

[0054] The top of the incinerator 1 is equipped with an incineration conveyor belt 7, and the output end of the incineration conveyor belt 7 is equipped with a slag recovery conveyor belt 701.

[0055] In this embodiment, it should be noted that: the intercepting net 303 is arc-shaped and fixed in the middle of the feeding hopper 2, and the screening cylinder 302 is set above the intercepting net 303. The screening cylinder 302 is arc-shaped. When the notch is facing upward, the solid waste crushed by the crushing roller 301 is fed into the screening cylinder 302. As the screening cylinder 302 rotates, the solid waste at this position is screened.

[0056] The end of the screening cylinder 302 away from the conveyor belt 306 is provided with an opening door 304, which can be opened to collect and process the intercepted solid waste.

[0057] The aforementioned rotary motor 409 is a small geared motor (such as 6IK120RGU-CF), with a power of 120W and a speed of 1500rpm, suitable for the low-speed, high-frequency reciprocating drive requirements of notched gears; the crushing drive motor 305 is a medium-sized three-phase asynchronous motor (such as Y100L-2), with a power of 3kW and a speed of 2800rpm, meeting the power requirements for crushing hard materials such as construction waste; the actuator motor 5 is a stepper motor (such as 42BYGH4818), with a step angle of 1.8° and a torque of 0.5N・m, suitable for the smooth low-speed conveying of the conveyor belt; the electrically controlled valve 611 is an electromagnetic directional valve (such as 4V210-08), with a working pressure of 0.15-0.8MPa, suitable for the rapid on / off control of the heat recovery channel.

[0058] The aforementioned rotary motor 409, crushing drive motor 305, actuator motor 5, and electrically controlled valve 611 are all compatible with the PLC control system of model "Siemens S7-200SMARTCPUCR40".

Claims

1. A solid waste treatment device, comprising an incinerator for recycling and treating solid waste, characterized in that: The incinerator has a crushing and screening component and a secondary screening component on one side of the feed inlet. The top of the incinerator is equipped with a waste gas reaction tower. A dust collection box is provided at the end of the waste gas reaction tower away from the incinerator. A hot gas reuse component is provided between the dust collection box and the secondary screening component. The secondary screening assembly consists of a screening plate and a reciprocating beater plate. The screening plate is located at the feed inlet of the incinerator. Extension plates are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the screening plate. The reciprocating beater plate is located between the two extension plates. A gear assembly is provided at one end of the reciprocating beater plate. The gear assembly consists of two opposing bevel gears with a notched gear between them. When the notched gear rotates, it meshes with the upper and lower bevel gears in sequence to realize the reciprocating operation of the reciprocating beater plate. When the screening plate is beaten by the reciprocating beater plate, it generates vibration to screen the solid waste on the screening plate. The top of the screening plate on the side away from the incinerator is provided with a crushing and screening component. The crushing and screening component consists of a crushing roller and a screening cylinder. The crushing roller crushes the solid waste in the initial stage, and the crushed solid waste falls into the screening cylinder for preliminary screening. The hot gas reuse assembly consists of an insulated tank, a piston rod, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. The bottom end of the bevel gear set is connected to a gear disk, and gear plates are provided on both sides of the gear disk. A piston rod is provided at one opposite end of the two gear plates. An insulated tank is provided at one end of the piston rod. An inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are respectively provided at the end of the insulated tank away from the piston rod. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the dust collector, and the outlet pipe is connected to the bottom box of the screening plate. The inlet pipe recovers and reuses the hot gas after the solid waste is burned to preheat the solid waste before incineration.

2. The solid waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening plate has side plates on both sides, and the reciprocating beater plate has a rotating rod at the end away from the extension plate. The rotating rod has a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear at its top and bottom, respectively. A notched gear is provided between the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, and a rotating motor is provided at the end of the notched gear away from the rotating rod.

3. A solid waste treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reciprocating striking plate has a connecting rod at its bottom end near the first bevel gear, a disc at the bottom end of the connecting rod, and a gear disk at the bottom end of the disc.

4. A solid waste treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The center of the disk corresponds to the center of the gear disk, the radius of the gear disk is larger than the radius of the disk, and the connecting rod is located on one side of the center of the disk.

5. A solid waste treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixing block is provided on the side of the gear plate away from the gear disk. A limiting rod is provided between the gear plate and the fixing block. A moving groove is provided on the fixing block at the position of the limiting rod. The two gear plates are staggered. Both the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are provided with electrically controlled valves.

6. A solid waste treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the screening plate is provided with a feeding hopper, and the top of the feeding hopper is provided with two crushing rollers. One end of the crushing roller is provided with a crushing drive motor, and the middle of one end of the screening cylinder is provided with a transmission rod. One of the crushing drive motors is provided with a transmission belt between its execution end near the crushing roller and the transmission rod.

7. A solid waste treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the screening cylinder is provided with an intercepting net, and both the intercepting net and the screening cylinder are arc-shaped. The outer radius of the screening cylinder is the same as the inner radius of the intercepting net.

8. A solid waste treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mesh size of the screening cylinder is the same as that of the intercepting net, but the mesh size of the screening cylinder is larger than that of the screening plate.

9. A solid waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The incinerator is equipped with an incineration conveyor belt at its top, and a slag recovery conveyor belt is provided at the output end of the incineration conveyor belt.

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