Rotary detonation combustion chamber

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary detonation combustion chamber which comprises a gas and oil supply assembly, an injection assembly and a combustion chamber body. Wherein an annular channel is formed in the combustion chamber body, and the gas supply and oil supply assembly communicates with the gas supply system, can form high-speed airflow to enter the annular channel and communicates with the energy supply system and the injection assembly through the gas supply and oil supply system, so that fuel can enter the injection assembly through the gas supply and oil supply assembly; the high-speed airflow and the fuel jet flow can collide in the annular channel to be subjected to secondary atomization to form a combustible mixture, the combustion chamber body is provided with an igniter used for detonating the combustible mixture so as to form rotating detonation waves, and through the combustion mode of rotating detonation, the combustion efficiency is improved. By means of the self-pressurization structure, airflow expands and accelerates at the downstream of detonation waves and is exhausted from the tail of the combustion chamber in a high-temperature fuel gas mode, the heat efficiency of combustion can be improved through the self-pressurization characteristic of the self-pressurization structure, emission of pollutants such as NOx is reduced, and the self-pressurization structure is more compact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of combustion chamber technology, and more specifically, to a rotating detonation combustion chamber. Background Technology

[0002] Combustion chambers can generate high-temperature gases, create thrust, or provide thermal power, and are widely used in metallurgy, automotive, chemical, and aerospace industries. However, traditional combustion chambers organize combustion based on the principle of isobaricity, resulting in complex equipment structures, large volumes, low thermal efficiency, and significant NOx pollution.

[0003] In conclusion, improving the thermal efficiency of the combustion chamber and reducing pollutant emissions are problems that urgently need to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a rotary detonation combustion chamber to improve the thermal efficiency of the combustion chamber and reduce pollutant emissions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A rotating detonation combustion chamber includes: a gas and fuel supply assembly, an injection assembly, and a combustion chamber body. The combustion chamber body forms an annular channel. The gas and fuel supply assembly is connected to a gas supply system and can generate a high-speed airflow into the annular channel. The gas and fuel supply assembly is connected to a power supply system and the injection assembly. Fuel can enter the injection assembly through the gas and fuel supply assembly, where it undergoes initial atomization to form a fuel jet that enters the annular channel. The high-speed airflow and the fuel jet collide within the annular channel, undergoing secondary atomization to form a combustible mixture. The combustion chamber body is equipped with an igniter to ignite the combustible mixture, thereby generating a rotating detonation wave.

[0007] In some embodiments, the gas and fuel supply assembly includes: a fuel panel, a fuel cover, an air panel, and a connecting panel; wherein the fuel panel is connected to the fuel cover to form a liquid collection chamber, the upstream of the fuel panel is connected to the connecting panel, and the connecting panel is used to connect the gas supply system; the downstream of the fuel panel is connected to the air panel, the injection assembly is installed on the fuel panel, the injection assembly extends to the air panel and forms an annular gap with the air panel; the gas provided by the gas supply system enters the fuel panel from the connecting panel and is ejected at high speed from the annular gap between the injection assembly and the air panel to form the high-speed airflow.

[0008] In some embodiments, the circumferential sidewall of the fuel panel is provided with a connection hole for connecting the power supply system and the liquid collection chamber; the injection assembly includes a fuel channel and an injection body distributed sequentially along the flow direction, the fuel channel communicating with the liquid collection chamber; the fuel provided by the power supply system enters the liquid collection chamber through the connection hole, and then enters the injection body through the fuel channel for initial atomization to form the fuel jet.

[0009] In some embodiments, the injection body includes: a housing, the housing being a hollow structure, with a first end connected to the fuel channel and a second end forming a nozzle; a cyclone separator, the cyclone separator being installed inside the second end of the housing, with one end of the cyclone separator near the nozzle forming an atomizing chamber, the atomizing chamber communicating with the nozzle, and a through hole provided on the side wall of the cyclone separator; and a filter element, the filter element being installed at the end of the cyclone separator away from the nozzle, the filter element having an annular thin sheet structure, a gap between the filter element and the inner wall of the housing, and a filter hole provided on the filter element; fuel enters the interior of the housing from the fuel channel, is filtered by the filter element, and then enters the atomizing chamber through the gap between the filter element and the inner wall of the housing via the through hole, undergoes initial atomization in the atomizing chamber, and is ejected through the nozzle to form the fuel jet.

[0010] In some embodiments, the axis of the through hole has an angle with the radial direction of the cyclone separator, such that the fuel gains tangential velocity as it enters the atomization chamber through the through hole.

[0011] In some embodiments, there are at least three through holes, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cyclone separator, so that the fuel forms at least three high-speed swirls that collide within the atomization chamber to form initial atomization.

[0012] In some embodiments, the nozzle forms an expansion-contraction-expansion structure along the fuel flow direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, a spring is also included, which is disposed on the inner wall of the filter element and connected to the end of the hydrocyclone away from the nozzle, for axially limiting the hydrocyclone.

[0014] In some embodiments, the combustion chamber body includes an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface, with an annular channel formed between the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface; the igniter is disposed on the outer wall surface.

[0015] In some embodiments, there are a plurality of injection components, which are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference of the gas and oil supply components, and all of the injection components correspond to the annular channel.

[0016] The rotary detonation combustion chamber provided in this application includes a gas and fuel supply assembly, an injection assembly, and a combustion chamber body. The combustion chamber body forms an annular channel. The gas and fuel supply assembly is connected to a gas supply system and can generate a high-speed airflow into the annular channel. It is also connected to a power supply system and the injection assembly through the gas and fuel supply system, allowing fuel to pass through the gas and fuel supply assembly into the injection assembly. There, fuel undergoes initial atomization and forms a fuel jet that enters the annular channel. The high-speed airflow and fuel jet collide within the annular channel, undergoing secondary atomization to form a combustible mixture. The combustion chamber body is equipped with an igniter to ignite the combustible mixture, generating a rotary detonation wave. Through this rotary detonation combustion, the airflow expands and accelerates downstream of the detonation wave and is discharged from the rear of the combustion chamber as high-temperature gas. Its self-pressurization characteristic can improve combustion thermal efficiency, reduce emissions of pollutants such as NOx, and has a more compact structure. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating detonation combustion chamber provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the rotating detonation combustion chamber provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the sectional view shown;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the injection body in the rotating detonation combustion chamber provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 Typical modal distribution diagram of the rotating detonation combustion chamber provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0024] 100 - Air and fuel supply assembly; 110 - Fuel panel; 111 - Connection hole; 120 - Fuel cover; 130 - Air panel; 140 - Connection panel; 150 - Liquid collection chamber.

[0025] 200-Injection assembly, 210-Fuel passage, 220-Injection body, 221-Housing, 222-Nozzle, 223-Swirl converter, 2231-Through hole, 224-Atomizing chamber, 225-Filter element, 226-Spring

[0026] 310 - Inner wall surface, 320 - Outer wall surface, 330 - Annular channel. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to be a limitation of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more," unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that in the embodiments of this application, "one or more" refers to one, two, or more; "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist; for example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0029] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0030] like Figures 1-4As shown, the rotary detonation combustion chamber provided in this application embodiment includes an air and fuel supply assembly 100, an injection assembly 200, and a combustion chamber body; wherein, the combustion chamber body forms an annular channel 330, the air and fuel supply assembly 100 is connected to the combustion chamber body, and the air and fuel supply assembly 100 is connected to the air supply system and can form a high-speed airflow to enter the annular channel 330.

[0031] The gas and fuel supply assembly 100 connects the power supply system and the injection assembly 200, allowing fuel to enter the injection assembly 200 via the gas and fuel supply assembly 100. The fuel is initially atomized within the injection assembly 200 and forms a fuel jet that enters the annular channel 330. This allows the high-speed airflow and the fuel jet to collide within the annular channel 330 and undergo secondary atomization to form a combustible mixture. The combustion chamber body is equipped with an igniter to ignite the combustible mixture, thereby generating a rotating detonation wave. Through the combustion mode of rotating detonation, the airflow expands and accelerates downstream of the detonation wave and is discharged from the tail of the combustion chamber as high-temperature combustion gas. Its self-pressurization characteristic can improve the thermal efficiency of combustion, reduce the emission of pollutants such as NOx, and has a more compact structure.

[0032] It should be noted that the gas supply system and the energy supply system in this application are independent supply systems, so that the high-speed airflow and fuel jet are mixed only inside the annular channel 330, effectively avoiding the hidden dangers of premixed gas and improving the safety performance of the operation process.

[0033] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the gas and oil supply assembly 100 includes a fuel panel 110, a fuel cover plate 120, an air panel 130, and a connecting panel 140; wherein, the fuel panel 110 and the fuel cover plate 120 are connected to form a relatively closed liquid collection chamber 150, and the connecting panel 140 is connected upstream of the fuel panel 110, and the gas supply system is connected through the connecting panel 140.

[0034] In this application, the connecting panel 140 can be connected to the air supply system via the air collection chamber and the flange, so that the air is rectified through the air collection chamber, the airflow is decelerated and turbulence is reduced in the air collection chamber, and it plays a role in partially preventing pressure back transmission during the subsequent formation of rotating detonation waves, so as to ensure the stability of the airflow.

[0035] An air panel 130 is connected downstream of the fuel panel 110. An injection assembly 200 is installed on the fuel panel 110. Specifically, the injection assembly 200 can be installed on the fuel panel 110 by means of threaded connection, etc., to ensure the stability of the injection assembly 200 during operation and to facilitate the disassembly and maintenance of the injection assembly 200. The injection assembly 200 extends to the air panel 130 and forms an annular gap with the air panel 130.

[0036] Understandably, the air panel 130 has air jet holes adapted to the injection assembly 200, creating an annular gap between the air jet holes and the injection assembly 200 for airflow injection. Thus, as... Figure 3 As shown, the gas supplied by the gas supply system enters the fuel panel 110 from the connection panel 140 and is ejected at high speed from the annular gap between the injection assembly 200 and the air panel 130 to form a high-speed airflow directed toward the annular channel 330.

[0037] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a connection hole 111 is provided on the circumferential sidewall of the fuel panel 110. The connection hole 111 is used to connect the power supply system and the liquid collection chamber 150, so that the fuel can enter the liquid collection chamber 150 through the connection hole 111, so that the fuel decelerates in the liquid collection chamber 150, stabilizes the fuel flow rate, slows down the flow rate, and reduces turbulence, so as to facilitate a stable and continuous injection process in the subsequent injection assembly 200.

[0038] The injection assembly 200 includes a fuel channel 210 and an injection body 220 distributed sequentially along the flow direction. The fuel channel 210 is connected to the liquid collection chamber 150, so that after the fuel enters the liquid collection chamber 150, it enters the injection body 220 through the fuel channel 210 for initial atomization and forms a fuel jet.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the injection body 220 includes a housing 221, a cyclone separator 223, and a filter element 225; wherein, the housing 221 is a hollow structure, the first end of the housing 221 is connected to the fuel channel 210, so that fuel can enter the interior of the housing 221 through the fuel channel 210, and the second end of the housing 221 forms a nozzle 222, so that the fuel jet formed is sprayed from the nozzle 222 to the annular channel 330.

[0040] The cyclone separator 223 is installed inside the second end of the housing 221. The end of the cyclone separator 223 near the nozzle 222 forms an atomizing chamber 224, and the atomizing chamber 224 is connected to the nozzle 222. A through hole 2231 is provided on the side wall of the cyclone separator 223, so that the fuel can enter the atomizing chamber 224 through the through hole 2231 for initial atomization and then be sprayed out through the nozzle 222.

[0041] The filter element 225 is installed at the end of the cyclone separator 223 away from the nozzle 222. The filter element 225 has an annular thin sheet structure and there is a gap between the filter element 225 and the interior of the housing 221. The filter element 225 is provided with filter holes to filter the fuel through the filter element 225, reduce the entry of particulate matter and other impurities into the combustion chamber body, and extend the service life.

[0042] Thus, as Figure 4As shown, fuel enters the interior of housing 221 through fuel channel 210, is filtered by filter element 225, and then passes through the gap between filter element 225 and the inner wall of housing 221, and enters atomization chamber 224 through through hole 2231. After initial atomization in atomization chamber 224, it is sprayed out through nozzle 222 to form a fuel jet.

[0043] In this application, in order to enable the fuel to be initially atomized in the atomization chamber 224, the axis of the through hole 2231 is at an angle to the radial direction of the cyclone separator 223, so that the fuel obtains tangential velocity as it enters the atomization chamber 224 through the through hole 2231. There are at least three through holes 2231, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cyclone separator 223, so that after the fuel obtains tangential velocity, it can form at least three high-speed swirling streams that collide in the atomization chamber 224 to achieve initial atomization.

[0044] For example, there can be three through holes 2231, with an included angle of 120° between adjacent through holes 2231, and the axis of the through holes 2231 has an included angle with the radial direction of the cyclone separator 223, so that the three high-speed cyclones formed can collide and perform initial atomization in the atomization chamber 224.

[0045] In other embodiments, the through holes 2231 may also be four, five, etc., to form multiple high-speed swirling streams. The selection can be made according to actual needs, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, the nozzle 222 forms an expansion-contraction-expansion structure along the fuel flow direction, which allows the fuel after initial atomization to be further accelerated as it passes through the nozzle 222, thereby forming a fuel jet.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, the injection body 220 in this application also includes a spring 226 (it is understood that...). Figures 2-3 The injection body 220 shown also includes a spring 226. For ease of drawing, only the spring 226 is shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, spring 226 is disposed on the inner wall of filter element 225, and spring 226 is connected to the end of hydrocyclone 223 away from nozzle 222, so as to axially limit hydrocyclone 223 by spring 226.

[0048] like Figures 1-2As shown, the combustion chamber body includes an inner wall surface 310 and an outer wall surface 320, with an annular channel 330 formed between the inner wall surface 310 and the outer wall surface 320. An igniter is disposed on the outer wall surface 320, so that the high-speed airflow and the fuel swirl collide with each other in the annular channel 330. The strong shear force generated by the collision is used to perform secondary atomization to form a combustible mixture with good fuel droplet atomization and fuel mixing effect. The combustible mixture is ignited by an electric spark generated by the igniter, so that one or more rotating detonation waves are formed along the annular channel 330 after the detonation, thereby improving the combustion thermal efficiency of the combustion chamber.

[0049] In this application, there are several injection components 200 (only one is shown in the figure, but it can be understood that there are multiple in the actual situation). The several injection components 200 are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference of the fuel panel 110, and all injection components 200 correspond to the annular channel 330 to form multiple high-speed airflows and fuel jets, so as to collide and form a combustible mixture in the annular channel 330, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

[0050] The rotary detonation combustion chamber provided in this application embodiment generates a high-speed airflow through the gas and fuel supply assembly 100 and forms a fuel jet after initial atomization through the injection assembly 200. The high-speed airflow and the fuel jet collide in the annular channel 330 for secondary atomization, forming a combustible mixture. The combustion chamber body is equipped with an igniter to ignite the combustible mixture to form a rotary detonation wave. Through the combustion mode of rotary detonation, the airflow expands and accelerates downstream of the detonation wave and is discharged from the tail of the combustion chamber in the form of high-temperature gas. Its self-pressurization characteristic can improve the thermal efficiency of combustion, reduce the emission of pollutants such as NOx, and has a more compact structure.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, based on the typical modal distribution diagram of the rotating detonation combustion chamber, the range of flow rate and equivalence ratio required for a specific combustion mode can be determined, and thus the range of other operational adjustments can be determined. This is of great significance for regulating combustion stability and determining the matching of engine operating conditions and incoming flow conditions.

[0052] The above description of the embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A rotating detonation combustion chamber, characterized in that, include: Gas and fuel supply assembly (100), injection assembly (200), and combustion chamber body; The combustion chamber body has an annular channel (330), and the gas and fuel supply assembly (100) is connected to the gas supply system and can form a high-speed airflow into the annular channel (330). The gas and oil supply assembly (100) is connected to the power supply system and the injection assembly (200). Fuel can enter the injection assembly (200) through the gas and oil supply assembly (100). The fuel can be initially atomized in the injection assembly (200) and form a fuel jet that enters the annular channel (330). The high-speed airflow and the fuel jet can collide and atomize in the annular channel (330) to form a combustible mixture. The combustion chamber body is equipped with an igniter to detonate the combustible mixture to form a rotating detonation wave.

2. The rotating detonation combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas and oil supply assembly (100) includes: a fuel panel (110), a fuel cover plate (120), an air panel (130), and a connection panel (140). The fuel panel (110) is connected to the fuel cover plate (120) to form a liquid collection chamber (150), and the upstream of the fuel panel (110) is connected to the connecting panel (140), which is used to connect the gas supply system. The fuel panel (110) is connected downstream of the air panel (130), and the injection assembly (200) is mounted on the fuel panel (110). The injection assembly (200) extends to the air panel (130) and forms an annular gap with the air panel (130). The gas supplied by the gas supply system enters the fuel panel (110) from the connection panel (140) and is then ejected at high speed from the annular gap between the injection assembly (200) and the air panel (130) to form the high-speed airflow.

3. The rotating detonation combustion chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fuel panel (110) has a connection hole (111) on its circumferential sidewall, which is used to connect the power supply system to the liquid collection chamber (150). The injection assembly (200) includes a fuel channel (210) and an injection body (220) arranged sequentially along the flow direction, wherein the fuel channel (210) is connected to the liquid collection chamber (150). The fuel supplied by the power supply system enters the liquid collection chamber (150) through the connection hole (111), and then enters the injection body (220) through the fuel channel (210) for initial atomization and to form the fuel jet.

4. The rotating detonation combustion chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The injection body (220) includes: The housing (221) is hollow, and the first end of the housing (221) is connected to the fuel passage (210), and the second end of the housing (221) forms a nozzle (222). A cyclone separator (223) is installed inside the second end of the housing (221), and an atomizing chamber (224) is formed at the end of the cyclone separator (223) near the nozzle (222), the atomizing chamber (224) is connected to the nozzle (222), and a through hole (2231) is provided on the side wall of the cyclone separator (223). The filter element (225) is installed at the end of the hydrocyclone (223) away from the nozzle (222). The filter element (225) has an annular thin sheet structure. There is a gap between the filter element (225) and the inner wall of the housing (221). The filter element (225) is provided with filter holes. Fuel enters the housing (221) through the fuel channel (210), is filtered by the filter element (225), and enters the atomizing chamber (224) through the through hole (2231) through the gap between the filter element (225) and the inner wall of the housing (221). It is initially atomized in the atomizing chamber (224) and is sprayed out through the nozzle (222) to form the fuel jet.

5. The rotating detonation combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The axis of the through hole (2231) is at an angle to the radial direction of the cyclone separator (223), so that the fuel gains tangential velocity as it enters the atomizing chamber (224) through the through hole (2231).

6. The rotating detonation combustion chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that, The through holes (2231) are at least three, and the at least three through holes (2231) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cyclone separator (223) so that the fuel forms at least three high-speed swirls that collide in the atomizing chamber (224) to form initial atomization.

7. The rotating detonation combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The nozzle (222) forms an expansion-contraction-expansion structure along the fuel flow direction.

8. The rotating detonation combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a spring (226), which is disposed on the inner wall of the filter element (225) and connected to the end of the hydrocyclone (223) away from the nozzle (222) for axial limiting of the hydrocyclone (223).

9. The rotating detonation combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion chamber body includes an inner wall surface (310) and an outer wall surface (320), and the annular channel (330) is formed between the inner wall surface (310) and the outer wall surface (320). The igniter is disposed on the outer wall surface (320).

10. The rotary detonation combustion chamber according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, There are several injection components (200), and the injection components (200) are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference of the gas supply and oil supply component (100), and all the injection components (200) correspond to the annular channel (330).

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